A coastal nuclear power plant open channel cold source active guiding and fishing device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to nuclear power plant cold source guarantee technical field, especially to a kind of coastal nuclear power plant open channel cold source active guide and salvage device and method.It includes stand, water stop, concentration box, discharge pipe, installation platform, interception mechanism etc., the number of stand is not unique, water stop is installed at stand, water stop is two, right side water stop is fixedly connected with open channel right side bank surface;Stand upper side is equipped with concentration box, concentration box right side is equipped with discharge pipe, discharge pipe extends to concentration recovery line along right side bank of open channel right side.This application forms the complete operation chain of guide, salvage, conveying integration, realizes the whole process automation from water sundry collection to final shore disposal, can timely remove the large amount of organisms that surge into open channel under red tide, marine organism flooding and other extreme conditions, avoid circulating water pump trip and reactor trip accident caused by water intake blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant cold source protection technology, and in particular to an active guidance and retrieval device and method for open channel cold sources in coastal nuclear power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, passive interception protection technology is widely used in the cold source filtration field of coastal nuclear power plants. Its core design concept involves installing multiple fixed interception nets in the intake and open channel to physically block marine life and debris from entering the water intake system. This technology is widely used in nuclear power projects both domestically and internationally. A typical approach is to employ a multi-stage filtration system: a first-stage interception net is installed at the intake gate to intercept large floating objects and marine life; second, third, and even more interception nets are then laid out at intervals along the water flow direction inside the intake channel, forming a full-section interception barrier. Taking a typical Chinese nuclear power plant as an example, its cold source interception system has as many as 11 interception nets, including an outer large interception net, a middle copper alloy interception net, an inner fine nylon net, and a bottom net. The deployment of the interception nets is usually based on a progressively finer mesh size, ranging from 50mm to 100mm, with the finest reaching 2mm. In addition, some nuclear power plants have also tried to use air curtain interception technology, which involves setting up an air curtain generator at the bottom of the water intake to form a soft barrier using rising bubbles to prevent some marine life from entering.

[0003] In terms of cleaning methods, existing technologies mainly rely on manual or semi-mechanized operations. When the amount of marine organisms accumulated on the interception nets reaches a certain level, operators typically use manual dredging and net replacement to achieve continuous interception, or temporarily deploy fishing boats to conduct trawling dredging outside the intake during the aquatic organism outbreak season. Some nuclear power plants are equipped with rotary skid cleaners or hydraulic grab skid cleaners to clear blockages in the intake forebay or drum filters. These skid cleaners are usually installed in the pump house flow channels and are only activated after the blockages have entered the water intake system and affected the operation of the filtration equipment. The above technical solutions are documented in detail in many nuclear power plant cold source design documents and engineering practices.

[0004] Based on the above, there is a need to develop an active guidance and retrieval device and method for open channel cold sources in coastal nuclear power plants that can actively guide the collection of debris, achieve continuous automated centralized retrieval, and promptly transport it to the shore for disposal, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the cold source system of the nuclear power plant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing cold source filtration methods in coastal nuclear power plants, which adopt a passive interception mode, the interception net surface is easily blocked by a large number of organisms under extreme conditions such as red tides and marine biodiversity, and lacks continuous automated centralized dredging and transportation capabilities, the cleaning operation relies on intermittent manual response, resulting in the inability to clear blockages in time, which in turn leads to water intake blockage, circulating water pump tripping, and emergency reactor shutdown or reduced power operation, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for active guidance and dredging of cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants, which can actively guide the collection of debris, realize continuous automated centralized dredging, and timely transport to the shore for disposal.

[0006] An active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in an open channel of a coastal nuclear power plant includes columns, water-blocking plates, a collection box, a discharge pipe, an installation platform, an interception mechanism, a flow guiding mechanism, a retrieval mechanism, a drive mechanism, and an output mechanism. The number of columns is not unique; two water-blocking plates are installed at each column, with the right water-blocking plate fixedly connected to the right bank of the open channel. A collection box is installed on the upper side of the column, and a discharge pipe is installed on the right side of the collection box, extending to the right to a centralized recovery line along the right bank of the open channel. A retrieval mechanism is located between the two water-blocking plates, used to retrieve marine life and debris into the collection box. An output mechanism is located inside the collection box, used for... Marine organisms and debris in the collection tank are discharged through the discharge pipe; a drive mechanism is located on the upper left side of the collection tank to drive the salvage mechanism; there are multiple mounting platforms arranged diagonally; an interception mechanism is installed between the multiple mounting platforms, with the direction of the interception mechanism consistent with the diagonal layout of the multiple mounting platforms. The downstream end of the interception mechanism extends to the left front of the salvage mechanism, and the upstream end is fixedly connected to the left bank of the open channel. The interception mechanism is used to intercept marine organisms and debris; a flow guiding mechanism is installed between the multiple mounting platforms and at the front and rear positions of the interception mechanism, with the front and rear sets of flow guiding mechanisms staggered.

[0007] Preferably, the interception mechanism includes short columns, movable columns, a first reversing motor, and an inclined net. Short columns are installed on the upper center of the leftmost and rightmost mounting platforms. Movable columns are rotatably connected to the upper side of each short column, and a first reversing motor is installed on the upper side of each short column. The output shaft of the first reversing motor is fixedly connected to the shaft of the movable column. An inclined net is connected between the short columns and the connected movable columns on the left and right sides. The inclined net is set in the same direction as the diagonal layout formed by multiple mounting platforms. The right side of the inclined net is located in front of the two water-blocking plates and the salvage mechanism on the left.

[0008] Preferably, the flow guiding mechanism includes a flow guide plate, a movable plate, and a second reversing motor. Flow guide plates are installed on the mounting platform at both the front and rear positions of the interception mechanism, and a movable plate is rotatably connected to the upper side of each flow guide plate. The front and rear flow guide plates are staggered, and a second reversing motor is installed on the upper side of each flow guide plate. The output shaft of the second reversing motor is fixedly connected to the shaft connection of the movable plate.

[0009] Preferably, the salvage mechanism includes a guide frame, a transmission chain assembly, a supporting sprocket, a drive shaft, a net chain, hook teeth, and a guardrail. A guide frame is installed on each of the two opposing sides of the water-blocking plates; a transmission chain assembly is installed on each of the opposing sides of the guide frame, and a supporting sprocket is rotatably installed on each guide frame; a drive shaft is installed between the two transmission chain assemblies above the collection box, and the drive shaft is connected to the drive mechanism; a net chain is installed between the two transmission chain assemblies, and hook teeth with uniform spacing are distributed on the outer periphery of the net chain; an inclined guardrail is installed between the lower sides of the two water-blocking plates.

[0010] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a mounting base, a drive motor, and a first transmission chain. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the central box, the drive motor is mounted on the mounting base, and the first transmission chain is connected between the output shaft of the drive motor and the drive shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the output mechanism includes a screw conveyor and a filter plate. The screw conveyor is installed at the lower side of the collection box, and the filter plate is installed at the lower side of the collection box.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a spraying mechanism, which includes a water inlet pipe and a spraying pipe. The water inlet pipe is installed on the front wall of the collection box, and the spraying pipe is installed at the end of the water inlet pipe. The spraying pipe extends into the lifting section of the mesh chain, and the lower side of the spraying pipe has a structure with multiple nozzles.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a cleaning mechanism, which includes a bearing seat, a connecting shaft, a cleaning wheel, and a second transmission chain. A bearing seat is installed on the inner wall of the front side of the collection box below the return stroke of the mesh chain. A connecting shaft is rotatably connected between the bearing seats. A cleaning wheel is installed at the connecting shaft. The cleaning wheel is in close contact with the hook teeth. A second transmission chain is connected between the connecting shaft and the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a vibration motor, with vibration motors installed on both the guide plate and the movable plate, and the vibration output end of the vibration motor is connected to the inclined mesh.

[0015] A method for actively guiding and retrieving cold sources from open channels in coastal nuclear power plants includes the following steps: S1. Multiple salvage devices are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the direction of the open channel water flow. The interception mechanism of each device is arranged at an angle relative to the main direction of the open channel. The water flow thrust is used to guide the intercepted marine organisms and debris obliquely along the interception mechanism to the concentrated salvage area on the right side of the open channel. At the same time, the flow guiding mechanism arranged in a staggered manner before and after the interception mechanism causes the water flow to be deflected laterally, forming a scouring flow to scour the surface of the interception mechanism to prevent blockage. S2. Marine organisms and debris guided to the centralized salvage area enter the salvage mechanism's range. The drive mechanism is activated to drive the rotating net chain and hook teeth to scoop the marine organisms and debris from the water and lift them into a centralized container above the water surface. S3. After being filtered, the marine organisms and debris in the collection box are pushed to the discharge pipe by a screw conveyor and discharged to the debris collection and recycling line on the right bank of the open channel. S4. When the mesh chain passes the top drive shaft and enters the return section, the mesh chain and hook teeth are washed with high pressure water and mechanically cleaned in the return area by the spraying mechanism and the cleaning mechanism to remove small debris attached to the mesh chain and prevent debris from getting tangled and blocked. S5. When vessels need to pass, control the movable column and movable plate of the interception mechanism and the diversion mechanism to rotate to below the water surface, open the upper space of the open channel for vessels to pass, and reset to the interception and diversion state after passage.

[0016] Beneficial effects: 1. This invention forms a complete operation chain integrating guidance, salvage, and transportation, realizing full automation from the collection of debris in the water to the final disposal on the shore. Under extreme conditions such as red tides and marine life outbreaks, it can promptly remove large amounts of organisms flowing into open channels, avoiding circulating water pump tripping and reactor shutdown accidents caused by water intake blockage. It significantly improves the safety redundancy and operational reliability of the nuclear power plant's cold source system, while reducing reliance on manual salvage, lowering operation and maintenance costs and reducing the safety risks of personnel working on the water.

[0017] 2. This invention uses inclined net guiding technology to replace the traditional fixed debris-blocking net perpendicular to the water flow direction. By actively changing the movement trajectory of debris through the inclined net surface, the debris flowing through the open channel is directed and collected to a centralized collection area. Furthermore, the water flow dynamics are used to actively guide the debris to the designated area, realizing the transformation from passive interception to active guidance. It has the economic advantages of simple structure and no additional power consumption, and effectively avoids the disorderly accumulation of debris on the net surface.

[0018] 3. This invention employs a spray pipe and a sweeping wheel. The spray pipe uses high-pressure water to wash the net chain, while the sweeping wheel rotates and cleans the hook teeth. The combined effect of the two can effectively remove attached and entangled debris, prevent the mesh from becoming clogged, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the net chain and hook teeth during periods of high marine life activity. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the interception mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the interception mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the salvage mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the salvage mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the mesh chain portion of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the mesh chain portion of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the central box part of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the central box portion of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the third three-dimensional structure of the central box part of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second type of salvage mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a right view of the salvage mechanism portion of the present invention.

[0033] Labels in the diagram: 1. Column, 2. Water-blocking plate, 3. Centralized box, 4. Discharge pipe, 5. Mounting platform, 6. Interception mechanism, 7. Flow guiding mechanism, 8. Salvage mechanism, 9. Drive mechanism, 10. Output mechanism, 61. Short column, 62. Movable column, 63. First reversing motor, 64. Inclined net, 71. Flow guiding plate, 72. Movable plate, 73. Second reversing motor, 81. Guide frame, 82. Transmission chain assembly, 83. Support 84. Sprockets, 85. Drive shaft, 86. Mesh chain, 87. Hook teeth, 91. Side panel, 92. Mounting base, 93. Drive motor, 94. First transmission chain, 101. Screw conveyor, 102. Filter plate, 11. Spraying mechanism, 111. Water inlet pipe, 112. Spray pipe, 12. Cleaning mechanism, 121. Shaft seat, 122. Connecting shaft, 123. Cleaning wheel, 124. Second transmission chain, 13. Vibration motor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1, as Figures 1-14As shown, a device and method for active guidance and retrieval of cold sources in open channels of a coastal nuclear power plant are disclosed. Multiple devices are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the water flow direction within the open channel, forming a series interception and guidance array. Each device shares a pre-installed debris collection line on the right bank of the open channel. Each device includes a column 1, a water-blocking plate 2, a collection box 3, a discharge pipe 4, an installation platform 5, an interception mechanism 6, a flow guiding mechanism 7, a retrieval mechanism 8, a drive mechanism 9, and an output mechanism 10. There are four columns 1, which are used for installation on the right bank of the open channel. On the foundation, two columns 1 are aligned front to back and in the same direction as the open channel water flow. A water-blocking plate 2 is installed between each pair of corresponding columns 1. The two columns 1 on the right side and the connected water-blocking plate 2 are fixedly connected to the right bank foundation of the open channel. A collection box 3 is installed between the upper sides of the two rear columns 1. The collection box 3 is located above the water surface of the open channel and extends to the right. A discharge pipe 4 is installed on the right side of the collection box 3, extending to the right to a pre-set collection line along the right bank of the open channel. An output mechanism 10 is provided inside the collection box 3. A retrieval mechanism 8 is provided between the two water-blocking plates 2. The retrieval mechanism 8 is used to retrieve marine life and debris into the collection box 3. The output mechanism 10 is used to collect the marine life collected in the collection box 3. Materials and debris are discharged through the discharge pipe 4 to a pre-set centralized collection line along the right bank of the open channel. A drive mechanism 9 is located on the upper left side of the collection box 3, which drives the operation of the retrieval mechanism 8. The centralized retrieval area of ​​the active cold source guidance and retrieval device for the open channel of the coastal nuclear power plant is composed of the column 1, the water-blocking plate 2, the collection box 3, the discharge pipe 4, the retrieval mechanism 8, the drive mechanism 9, and the output mechanism 10. The number of installation platforms 5 is unlimited. The installation platforms 5 are installed on the bottom foundation of the open channel. Multiple installation platforms 5 are arranged diagonally, and the diagonal line formed by multiple installation platforms 5 is inclined at an angle relative to the direction of water flow in the open channel. The angle of the diagonal line formed by multiple installation platforms 5 can be adjusted in real time according to the flow velocity and biomass of the open channel. The section has an adjustment range of 30° to 60°; an interception mechanism 6 is provided between multiple installation platforms 5. The setting direction of the interception mechanism 6 is consistent with the diagonal layout formed by multiple installation platforms 5. The interception mechanism 6 forms an angle with the main direction of the open channel. The downstream end of the interception mechanism 6 extends to the concentrated salvage area on the right side of the open channel. That is, the right side area of ​​the interception mechanism 6 is located at the left front of the two water-blocking plates 2 and the salvage mechanism 8. The upstream end of the interception mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the left bank base of the open channel. The interception mechanism 6 is used to intercept marine organisms and debris. Through the diagonal layout and the driving force of the water flow, the debris flowing through the range of the interception mechanism 6 is guided along the diagonal layout to the concentrated salvage area on the right side, that is, the two water-blocking plates 2 and the salvage mechanism 8.Multiple mounting platforms 5 are equipped with flow guiding mechanisms 7, located in front of and behind the interception mechanism 6. The front and rear sets of flow guiding mechanisms 7 are staggered. These mechanisms further enhance the scouring force of the water flow on the interception mechanism 6, preventing marine life and debris from adhering to it.

[0036] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the interception mechanism 6 includes short columns 61, movable columns 62, a first reversing motor 63, and an inclined net 64. Short columns 61 are installed on the upper center of the mounting platforms 5 located on the far left and far right. The highest end of the short columns 61 is below the water surface of the open channel. The upstream end of the left short column 61, i.e., the interception mechanism 6, is fixedly connected to the left bank foundation of the open channel. Movable columns 62 are rotatably connected to the upper side of each short column 61 via shaft drive. The movable columns 62 are higher than the water surface of the open channel. A first reversing motor 63 is installed on the upper side of each short column 61. The first reversing motor 63 is a self-locking geared motor, and its output shaft is divided into... The inclined net 64 is fixedly connected to the shaft connection of the movable column 62. The short columns 61 on the left and right sides and the connected movable column 62 are connected by an inclined net 64. The setting direction of the inclined net 64 is consistent with the diagonal layout formed by multiple mounting platforms 5. The right side of the inclined net 64 is located in front of the two water blocking plates 2 and the salvage mechanism 8 on the left. The inclined net 64 is used to intercept marine organisms and debris. Through the inclined layout and the driving force of water flow, the debris flowing through the range of the inclined net 64 is guided along the inclined layout to the concentrated salvage area on the right. The mesh size of the inclined net 64 is not unique. The inclined net 64 adopts a stainless steel frame and a high-strength polyester fiber mesh.

[0037] like Figures 2-3As shown, the flow guiding mechanism 7 includes a flow guiding plate 71, a movable plate 72, and a second reversing motor 73. Flow guiding plates 71 are installed on the mounting platform 5 at both the front and rear positions of the interception mechanism 6. The dimensions of the flow guiding plates 71 are not unique. The height of the flow guiding plates 71 is the same as the height of the short column 61. Movable plates 72 are rotatably connected to the upper side of each flow guiding plate 71 via shaft drive. The dimensions of the movable plates 72 are adapted to the connected flow guiding plates 71, and the height of the movable plates 72 is the same as the movable column 62. The front and rear sets of flow guiding plates 71 are staggered, and each flow guiding plate 71 is equipped with a flow guiding plate 71. Equipped with a second commutator motor 73, the output shaft of the second commutator motor 73 is fixedly connected to the shaft connection of the movable plate 72. When water flows through, it first impacts the guide plate 71 and movable plate 72 located on the upstream side, i.e., the front side, forcing a portion of the water flow that was originally parallel to the main flow direction of the open channel to be laterally deflected and diverted, forming a forced scouring flow towards the right side of the open channel. When this deflected water flow passes through another set of guide plates 71 and movable plates 72 located on the downstream side, i.e., the rear side, which are arranged in a staggered manner, the water flow forms local turbulence and tangential scouring force on the surface of the inclined mesh 64. The force direction forms a certain angle with the surface of the inclined mesh 64, continuously acting on the water-facing side of the inclined mesh 64, thereby increasing the scouring force of the water flow on the inclined mesh 64 and preventing marine organisms and debris from adhering to the inclined mesh 64; it enables the use of the water flow's own kinetic energy to peel off and wash away small biological remains and impurities adhering to the mesh openings and surface of the inclined mesh 64, preventing the mesh surface of the inclined mesh 64 from becoming clogged, thus ensuring that the interception mechanism 6 maintains a long-term efficient flow and interception state; and by controlling the operation of the first commutator motor 63 and the second commutator motor 73, the first commutator motor 63 will drive the connected The movable column 62 rotates backward, and at the same time, the movable column 62 will drive the inclined net 64 in the area to fold backward. The second reversing motor 73 will drive the connected movable plate 72 to rotate backward, thereby causing the movable column 62, the upper section of the inclined net 64 in the area, and the movable plate 72 to rotate to a state where they are submerged in the open channel water and parallel to the water surface. This allows the interception mechanism 6 and the flow guiding mechanism 7 to open part of the open channel for the passage of ships. After the ships have passed, the first reversing motor 63 and the second reversing motor 73 are controlled to drive the movable column 62 and the movable plate 72 to reset.

[0038] like Figures 4-8As shown, the salvage mechanism 8 includes a guide frame 81, a transmission chain assembly 82, a supporting sprocket 83, a drive shaft 84, a net chain 85, hook teeth 86, and a guardrail 87. Guide frames 81 are installed on opposite sides of the water-blocking plates 2. The guide frames 81 have a "F"-shaped structure. The guide frames 81 are obliquely positioned between the water-blocking plates 2 and horizontally positioned above the collection box 3. Transmission chain assemblies 82 are installed on opposite sides of the guide frames 81. Supporting sprockets 83 are rotatably installed at the intersection of the oblique and horizontal positions on opposite sides of the guide frames 81. The transmission chain assemblies 82 form a "F"-shaped structure consistent with the guide frames 81 through the supporting sprockets 83. A drive shaft 84 is installed between the two transmission chain assemblies 82 above the collection box 3. The drive shaft 84 is connected to a drive mechanism 9. The drive mechanism 9 drives the transmission chain assemblies 82 to rotate through the drive shaft 84. The two transmission chain assemblies 82 are connected... The system is equipped with a net chain 85, with evenly spaced hook teeth 86 on its outer periphery. After the drive mechanism 9 is activated, it will drive the transmission chain group 82 and the net chain 85 to rotate clockwise via the drive shaft 84. This will cause marine organisms and debris that have been intercepted and flushed between the two sets of water-blocking plates 2 by the interception mechanism 6 and the flow guiding mechanism 7 to be blocked by the net chain 85 and lifted obliquely by the hook teeth 86, thus being salvaged. The marine organisms and debris will then be salvaged and lifted into the collection box 3. An obliquely placed baffle plate 87 is installed between the lower sides of the two sets of water-blocking plates 2. The oblique angle of the baffle plate 87 is consistent with the oblique mechanism of the guide frame 81. The baffle plate 87 has a passage groove corresponding to the hook teeth 86. The baffle plate 87 is used to block the space below the net chain 85 and the hook teeth 86, and the water can slide into the salvage range of the hook teeth 86 through the baffle plate 87 for salvage and lifting. The water that has passed through the net chain 85 will continue to flow downstream directly through the net chain 85.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the drive mechanism 9 includes a mounting base 91, a drive motor 92, and a first transmission chain 93. The mounting base 91 is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the central box 3. The drive motor 92 is mounted on the mounting base 91. The drive motor 92 is a variable frequency speed control motor. The first transmission chain 93 connects the output shaft of the drive motor 92 and the drive shaft 84. When the drive motor 92 is started, the drive motor 92 will drive the drive shaft 84 and the mesh chain 85 to rotate through the first transmission chain 93.

[0040] like Figures 10-11As shown, the output mechanism 10 includes a screw conveyor 101 and a filter plate 102. The screw conveyor 101 is installed at the lower side of the collection box 3. The screw conveyor 101 has a double-bolt structure. The filter plate 102 is installed at the lower side of the collection box 3. The filter plate 102 is used to filter the residual water in the marine organisms and debris transported to the collection box 3. When the screw conveyor 101 is started, the screw conveyor 101 will push the marine organisms and debris transported to the collection box 3 to the right, and after passing through the discharge pipe 4, they will be transported to the collection box 3 by the debris collection and recycling line pre-set along the right bank of the open channel.

[0041] like Figures 10-11 As shown, it also includes a spraying mechanism 11, which includes a water inlet pipe 111 and a spray pipe 112. The spraying mechanism 11 is installed at the central box 3 and extends into the lifting section of the net chain 85. The spraying mechanism 11 is used to perform high-pressure water rinsing on the return trip of the net chain 85 in the lifting section. The water inlet pipe 111 is installed on the front wall of the central box 3 and is connected to an external high-pressure water source. The end of the water inlet pipe 111 is equipped with a spray pipe 112, which extends into the lifting section of the net chain 85. The lower side of the spray pipe 112 has a structure with multiple nozzles. The lower nozzles of the spray pipe 112 face the return trip area of ​​the net chain 85 in the lifting section to clean the small debris still attached to the net chain 85 after the net chain 85 has been salvaged, lifted and unloaded from marine life and debris.

[0042] like Figures 10-12 As shown, it also includes a cleaning mechanism 12, which includes a bearing seat 121, a connecting shaft 122, a cleaning wheel 123, and a second transmission chain 124. The cleaning mechanism 12 is located on the inner front wall of the collection box 3 below the return stroke of the mesh chain 85. The cleaning mechanism 12 is used to continuously clean the hook teeth 86. Bearing seats 121 are installed on both the left and right sides of the inner front wall of the collection box 3. The connecting shaft 122 is rotatably connected between the bearing seats 121. The cleaning wheel 123 is installed at the connecting shaft 122. The cleaning wheel 123 is in close contact with the hook teeth 86. The second transmission chain 124 is connected between the connecting shaft 122 and the output shaft of the drive motor 92. When the drive motor 92 is started, the drive motor 92 will drive the cleaning wheel 123 to rotate. The cleaning wheel 123 will continuously clean the position between the teeth of the hook teeth 86 to prevent debris from getting tangled and blocked.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a vibration motor 13. Vibration motors 13 are installed on both the guide plate 71 and the movable plate 72. The vibration output end of the vibration motor 13 is connected to the inclined mesh 64. When the vibration motor is started, the vibration motor transmits the vibration to the inclined mesh 64, which can further prevent debris from adhering when it is intercepted by the inclined mesh 64.

[0044] Example 2, as Figures 1-14As shown, the layout of the active guidance and retrieval device for the cold source of the open channel of the coastal nuclear power plant is as follows: multiple active guidance and retrieval devices for the cold source of the cold source of the open channel of the coastal nuclear power plant are arranged sequentially at intervals along the direction of water flow in the open channel, and share the debris collection line on the right bank through the collection box 3 and the discharge pipe 4 to form a series interception and guidance array; the interception mechanism 6 of each active guidance and retrieval device for the cold source of the cold source of the open channel of the coastal nuclear power plant is arranged across the open channel at a preset angle, and the downstream end of the interception mechanism 6 points to the right-side centralized retrieval area, that is, the left front of the two water-blocking plates 2 and the retrieval mechanism 8.

[0045] The active guidance and salvage device for the open channel cold source of the coastal nuclear power plant works in synergy between interception and diversion: when seawater and the marine organisms and debris it carries flow from upstream through the inclined net 64, the inclined net 64 intercepts them; because the inclined net 64 is at an angle to the mainstream water direction, under the thrust of the water flow, the intercepted objects move along the inclined net 64 towards the right-hand concentrated salvage area; the two sets of diverting guide plates 71 and movable plates 72 arranged in a staggered manner cause the mainstream water to be deflected laterally; the upstream diverting guide plate 71 forces part of the water flow to deflect to the right, forming a forced scouring flow; when this water flow passes through the downstream staggered diverting guide plate 71, it forms local turbulence and tangential scouring force on the water-facing surface of the inclined net 64, continuously stripping away small biological remains and impurities attached to the mesh and the mesh surface, ensuring that the inclined net 64 maintains a high-efficiency flow state for a long time; the vibration motors 13 installed on the diverting plates 71 and movable plates 72 start intermittently or continuously, transmitting vibration to the inclined net 64, further preventing debris adhesion. By employing an inclined net 64 at an angle relative to the direction of open channel flow, the traditional fixed debris-blocking net perpendicular to the flow direction is replaced. The design incorporates a match between the angle of inclination of the inclined net 64 and the flow velocity and debris type in the open channel; a spatial layout where the downstream end of the inclined net 64 extends to a centralized dredging area, while the upstream end is fixed to the channel wall or bottom; and a structural design with multiple inclined nets 64 arranged in a stepped manner, with mesh sizes gradually transitioning from coarse to fine. This structure utilizes water flow dynamics to actively guide debris to a designated area, achieving a shift from "passive interception" to "active guidance," offering economic advantages such as simple structure and no additional power consumption.

[0046] The active guidance and retrieval device for the cold source of the open channel of the coastal nuclear power plant performs centralized retrieval, lifting, and recovery as follows: Debris intercepted and guided to the centralized retrieval area on the right enters the space enclosed by two water-blocking plates 2 and a guardrail 87; the drive motor 92 is started, driving the drive shaft 84, the transmission chain group 82, and the net chain 85 to rotate clockwise through the first transmission chain 93; the hook teeth 86 on the net chain 85 scoop the debris from the water in the inclined lifting section and lift it along the "plant"-shaped guide frame 81 to the centralized box 3 above the water surface; the guardrail 87 is used to block the space below, allowing the debris to slide more accurately into the retrieval range of the hook teeth 86, while the water passing through the net chain 85 flows directly downstream; the debris retrieved into the centralized box 3 is filtered by the filter plate 102 to remove residual water, and the double-bolt screw conveyor 101 is started to push the debris to the right and discharge it through the discharge pipe 4 to the pre-set centralized debris recovery line on the right bank of the open channel, from where it is transported out by the subsequent transportation system. By employing a rotary mesh chain 85 for centralized retrieval, and considering the spatial correspondence between the mesh chain 85 and the discharge end of the inclined mesh 64, it is ensured that the guided and collected debris can be retrieved in a timely manner.

[0047] During the rotation of the net chain 85, as it passes the top drive shaft 84 and enters the return section, the spray pipe 112 performs high-pressure water washing on the return area of ​​the net chain 85 from the inside, removing small debris still attached to the net chain 85. The drive motor 92 drives the cleaning wheel 123 to rotate via the second transmission chain 124. The cleaning wheel 123 makes close contact with the hook teeth 86, continuously and mechanically cleaning the spaces between the hook teeth 86 to prevent debris from entangled and clogging. Through the coordinated cleaning system composed of the spray pipe 112 and the cleaning wheel 123, the spray pipe 112 performs high-pressure water washing on the net surface during the lifting of the net chain 85, removing attached debris; the cleaning wheel 123 rotates and cleans the hook teeth 86, preventing seaweed, shells, algae, and other organisms from entangled and clogging the mesh and hook teeth 86. The synergistic effect of both ensures that the net chain 85 can operate continuously and stably during periods of high marine biodiversity, solving the problem of insufficient cleaning capacity in existing technologies.

[0048] In addition, when vessels need to pass through the open channel, the first reversing motor 63 is controlled to drive the movable column 62 and the inclined net 64 in the area to rotate backward until they are submerged in water and parallel to the water surface; at the same time, the second reversing motor 73 is controlled to drive the movable plate 72 to rotate backward to the same state; at this time, the upper part of the interception mechanism 6 and the flow guiding mechanism 7 is open, and vessels can pass safely; after passage is completed, the motor is controlled to reverse and reset, restoring the interception and flow guiding working state.

[0049] Each open channel cold source active guidance and salvage device of the coastal nuclear power plant operates synchronously according to the above process, forming a multi-stage interception and salvage along the water flow direction, which significantly improves the capture efficiency of large marine organisms and floating debris, and ensures the safety of the cold source water intake of the nuclear power plant.

[0050] A method for actively guiding and retrieving cold sources from open channels in coastal nuclear power plants includes the following steps: S1. Multiple salvage devices are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the direction of the open channel water flow. The interception mechanism 6 of each device is arranged at an angle relative to the main direction of the open channel. The water flow thrust is used to guide the intercepted marine organisms and debris obliquely along the interception mechanism 6 to the concentrated salvage area on the right side of the open channel. At the same time, the flow guiding mechanism 7, which is staggered in front and behind the interception mechanism 6, causes the water flow to be deflected laterally, forming a scouring flow to scour the surface of the interception mechanism 6 to prevent blockage. S2. Marine organisms and debris guided to the centralized salvage area enter the salvage mechanism 8. The drive mechanism 9 is activated to drive the rotating net chain 85 and hook teeth 86 to scoop up the marine organisms and debris from the water and lift them into the centralized container 3 above the water surface. S3. After being filtered, the marine organisms and debris in the collection box 3 are pushed to the discharge pipe 4 by the screw conveyor 101 and discharged to the debris collection and recycling line on the right bank of the open channel. S4. When the mesh chain 85 passes the top drive shaft 84 and enters the return section, the mesh chain 85 and the hook teeth 86 are washed with high pressure water and mechanically cleaned in the return area by the spraying mechanism 11 and the cleaning mechanism 12 to remove small debris attached to the mesh chain 85 and prevent debris from getting tangled and blocked. S5. When vessels need to pass, control the movable column 62 and movable plate 72 of the interception mechanism 6 and the flow guiding mechanism 7 to rotate to below the water surface, open the upper space of the open channel for vessels to pass, and reset to the interception and flow guiding state after passage.

[0051] Example 3, as Figures 1-14 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment provides one method for active filtration of cold sources in open channels at a coastal nuclear power plant, applied to the intake channel of Unit 2 of a coastal nuclear power plant. The intake channel is 45 meters wide, with a designed maximum flow rate of 80 cubic meters per second and an average flow velocity of 0.8 meters per second. The sea area where the channel is located is a seasonally high-incidence area for red tides and krill, with the peak biological outbreak period from May to August each year.

[0052] 1. Inclined Net 64 Guiding Procedure: Three active guidance and retrieval devices for the cold source of the coastal nuclear power plant are installed in the open intake channel. Three inclined nets 64 are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. Each inclined net 64 uses a stainless steel frame with a high-strength polyester fiber mesh. The inclined nets 64 are arranged at a 45° angle relative to the water flow direction, with the mesh forming an angle with the main flow direction of the channel. The downstream end of the inclined net 64 extends to the concentrated retrieval area on the right side of the channel, while the upstream end is fixedly connected to the left wall of the channel. The first inclined net 64 has a mesh size of 50mm × 50mm and is used to intercept large floating objects and gelatinous organisms such as jellyfish. The second inclined net 64 has a mesh size of 30mm × 30mm and is used to intercept medium-sized debris. The third inclined net 64 has a mesh size of 15mm × 15mm and is used to intercept small organisms such as krill and sea cucumbers. Three inclined nets 64 are arranged at 10-meter intervals along the direction of water flow, with adjacent nets 64 staggered to form a tiered guide. The inclination angle of the inclined nets 64 can be adjusted in real time according to the open channel flow velocity and biomass, with an adjustment range of 30° to 60°. When the water flow carries marine organisms and debris along the open channel, the inclined nets 64 use the blocking effect of the net surface and the propulsion effect of the water flow to guide the debris flowing through the area of ​​the inclined nets 64 to the right-hand concentrated collection area.

[0053] 2. Salvage procedure of rotary net chain 85: The lower end of the salvage mechanism 8 is submerged 1.5 meters below the water surface, and the collection box 3 extends 2.5 meters above the water surface, with a total height of 4.0 meters. The net chain 85 is made of perforated stainless steel plate, with the hole diameter matching the corresponding oblique mesh 64, and the spacing of the hook teeth 86 is 20mm. Spray pipes 112 and sweeping wheels 123 are installed at the mesh chain 85. The spray pipes 112 are located in the lifting section of the mesh chain 85, with three sets of high-pressure spray nozzles arranged along the running direction of the mesh chain 85. The nozzle pressure is 0.6 MPa, and the spray water volume is 5 cubic meters per hour. During the lifting process of the mesh chain 85 and the hook teeth 86, the mesh surface is washed with high-pressure water to remove small debris adhering to the mesh chain 85 and the hook teeth 86. The sweeping wheels 123 are located at the top return section of the mesh chain 85, using a nylon brush wheel structure. They are in close contact with the hook teeth 86, continuously cleaning the hook teeth 86 through rotation to prevent debris from entanglement and blockage. The drive motor 92 is configured as a variable frequency speed control motor with a speed range of 2 to 10 rpm, and is equipped with an overload alarm system. When the operating current exceeds 120% of the rated current, an audible and visual alarm is issued, and the operating speed is automatically reduced. During the peak of the krill outbreak, the net chain 85 is set to a speed of 8 revolutions per minute, and the spraying mechanism 11 operates continuously to ensure that the net chain 85 and the hook teeth 86 can promptly scoop up the large number of krill that have gathered.

[0054] 3. System Operation and Control: This embodiment also includes a centralized control system, which comprises a programmable logic controller, an industrial touchscreen, and field sensors. Ultrasonic water level gauges and flow velocity sensors are installed at 64 points along the inclined net to monitor the water level difference in front of the net and the flow velocity in the open channel in real time. Current sensors and speed sensors are installed on the retrieval mechanism 8 and the drive mechanism 9. Torque sensors and speed sensors are installed on the screw conveyor 101. The centralized control system automatically adjusts the operating frequency of the retrieval mechanism 8, drive mechanism 9, and screw conveyor 101 based on biomass monitoring data: when an increase in biomass and a rise in the water level difference in front of the net are detected, the control system automatically increases the operating speed of the retrieval mechanism 8 and drive mechanism 9 to the upper limit of 10 rpm, and simultaneously increases the operating speed of the screw conveyor 101 to the upper limit of 50 rpm; when biomass decreases, the control system automatically reduces the operating speed to the lower limit of 2 rpm to achieve energy-saving operation. When any equipment experiences an overload alarm, the control system automatically reduces the operating speed of that equipment. If the overload cannot be relieved after three consecutive speed reductions, an emergency alarm signal is issued to notify maintenance personnel for on-site handling.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants, characterized in that: It includes a column (1), a water-blocking plate (2), a collection box (3), a discharge pipe (4), a mounting platform (5), an interception mechanism (6), a flow guiding mechanism (7), a retrieval mechanism (8), a drive mechanism (9), and an output mechanism (10). A water-blocking plate (2) is installed at the column (1); a collection box (3) is installed on the upper side of the column (1), and a discharge pipe (4) is installed on the right side of the collection box (3); A salvage mechanism (8) is provided at the water-blocking plate (2). The salvage mechanism (8) is used to salvage marine organisms and debris into the collection box (3). An output mechanism (10) is provided inside the collection box (3). The output mechanism (10) is used to output the marine organisms and debris in the collection box (3) through the discharge pipe (4). A drive mechanism (9) is provided on the upper left side of the collection box (3). The drive mechanism (9) is used to drive the salvage mechanism (8) to run. The mounting platform (5) is arranged diagonally; an interception mechanism (6) is provided at the mounting platform (5), which is used to intercept marine organisms and debris; a flow guiding mechanism (7) is provided at the mounting platform (5) and at the front and rear positions of the interception mechanism (6), and the two sets of flow guiding mechanisms (7) are staggered.

2. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interception mechanism (6) includes a short column (61), a movable column (62), a first reversing motor (63), and an inclined net (64). The middle of the upper side of the leftmost and rightmost mounting platforms (5) are equipped with short columns (61). The upper side of the short columns (61) is rotatably connected to the movable column (62). The upper side of the short columns (61) is equipped with the first reversing motor (63). The output shaft of the first reversing motor (63) is fixedly connected to the shaft connection of the movable column (62). An inclined net (64) is connected between the short columns (61) on the left and right sides and the connected movable column (62). The setting direction of the inclined net (64) is consistent with the diagonal layout formed by multiple mounting platforms (5). The right side area of ​​the inclined net (64) is located at the left front position of the two water blocking plates (2) and the salvage mechanism (8).

3. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding mechanism (7) includes a flow guiding plate (71), a movable plate (72), and a second reversing motor (73). The flow guiding plate (71) is installed on the mounting platform (5) at the front and rear positions of the interception mechanism (6). The movable plate (72) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the flow guiding plate (71). The two sets of flow guiding plates (71) are staggered. The second reversing motor (73) is installed on the upper side of the flow guiding plate (71). The output shaft of the second reversing motor (73) is fixedly connected to the shaft connection of the movable plate (72).

4. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salvage mechanism (8) includes a guide frame (81), a transmission chain assembly (82), a supporting sprocket (83), a drive shaft (84), a net chain (85), hook teeth (86), and a guardrail (87). The guide frame (81) is installed on the opposite side of the two water-blocking plates (2). The transmission chain assembly (82) is installed on the opposite side of the guide frame (81), and the supporting sprocket (83) is rotatably installed at the guide frame (81). The drive shaft (84) is installed between the two sets of transmission chain assemblies (82) at the position above the collection box (3), and the drive shaft (84) is connected to the drive mechanism (9). The net chain (85) is installed between the two sets of transmission chain assemblies (82), and the net chain (85) has hook teeth (86) with consistent spacing on its outer periphery. The inclined guardrail (87) is installed between the lower sides of the two sets of water-blocking plates (2).

5. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (9) includes a mounting base (91), a drive motor (92) and a first transmission chain (93). The mounting base (91) is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the central box (3). The drive motor (92) is installed at the mounting base (91). The first transmission chain (93) is connected between the output shaft of the drive motor (92) and the drive shaft (84).

6. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output mechanism (10) includes a screw conveyor (101) and a filter plate (102). The screw conveyor (101) is installed at the lower side of the collection box (3), and the filter plate (102) is installed at the lower side of the collection box (3).

7. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a spraying mechanism (11), which includes a water inlet pipe (111) and a spray pipe (112). The water inlet pipe (111) is installed on the front wall of the central box (3), and the spray pipe (112) is installed at the end of the water inlet pipe (111). The spray pipe (112) extends into the lifting section of the net chain (85), and the lower side of the spray pipe (112) has a structure with multiple nozzles.

8. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning mechanism (12), which includes a bearing seat (121), a connecting shaft (122), a cleaning wheel (123), and a second transmission chain (124). The bearing seat (121) is installed on the inner wall of the front side of the collection box (3) below the return stroke of the mesh chain (85). The connecting shaft (122) is rotatably connected between the bearing seats (121). The cleaning wheel (123) is installed at the connecting shaft (122). The cleaning wheel (123) is in close contact with the hook tooth (86). The second transmission chain (124) is connected between the connecting shaft (122) and the output shaft of the drive motor (92).

9. The active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of coastal nuclear power plants according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a vibration motor (13), and a vibration motor (13) is installed on both the guide plate (71) and the movable plate (72). The vibration output end of the vibration motor (13) is connected to the inclined mesh (64).

10. A method for active guidance and retrieval of cold sources in open channels of a coastal nuclear power plant, employing the active guidance and retrieval device for cold sources in open channels of a coastal nuclear power plant as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Multiple salvage devices are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the direction of the open channel water flow. The interception mechanism (6) of each device is arranged at an angle relative to the main direction of the open channel. The water flow thrust is used to guide the intercepted marine organisms and debris obliquely along the interception mechanism (6) to the concentrated salvage area on the right side of the open channel. At the same time, the water flow is deflected laterally by the flow guiding mechanism (7) arranged in a staggered manner before and after the interception mechanism (6), forming a scouring flow to scour the surface of the interception mechanism (6) to prevent blockage. S2. Marine organisms and debris guided to the centralized salvage area enter the salvage mechanism (8) range, and the drive mechanism (9) is activated to drive the rotating net chain (85) and hook teeth (86) to lift the marine organisms and debris from the water and into the centralized box (3) above the water surface; S3. After being filtered, marine organisms and debris in the collection box (3) are pushed to the discharge pipe (4) by the screw conveyor (101) and discharged to the debris collection and recycling line on the right bank of the open channel; S4. When the mesh chain (85) passes the top drive shaft (84) and enters the return section, the mesh chain (85) and the hook teeth (86) are washed with high pressure water and mechanically cleaned in the return area by the spraying mechanism (11) and the cleaning mechanism (12) to remove small debris attached to the mesh chain (85) and prevent debris from getting tangled and blocked. S5. When a vessel needs to pass, the movable column (62) and movable plate (72) of the control interception mechanism (6) and the flow guiding mechanism (7) are rotated to be submerged below the water surface, opening the upper space of the open channel for the vessel to pass. After the vessel passes, the interception and flow guiding state is restored.

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