Ore crushing and screening device and method based on granularity feedback
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611155325.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing ore crushing and screening equipment struggles to maintain stable particle size distribution after crushing when faced with differences in particle size composition, shape, and mechanical properties. This leads to increased energy consumption, increased reflux flow, and reduced production efficiency. Furthermore, the crushing and screening processes lack coordinated control.
An ore crushing device employing adaptive multi-stage screening acquires real-time particle size information of the screened ore through a particle size detection component, and uses a control module to perform closed-loop adjustment of the crushing gap, forming a coordinated control of crushing and screening.
It improves the stability of ore particle size distribution after crushing, reduces over-crushing and under-crushing, lowers energy consumption, and improves overall processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN123024604A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery technology, and in particular to an ore crushing and screening device and method based on particle size feedback. Background Technology
[0002] Ores typically require crushing and screening during mining and beneficiation to obtain ore products that meet particle size requirements. Most existing ore crushing and screening equipment operates by pre-setting crushing gaps, and the screening process is only used to classify and output the crushed ore.
[0003] Due to the complexity of ore sources, there are significant differences in particle size composition, shape, and mechanical properties. Even under the same hardness conditions, the actual crushing effect of the ore will still fluctuate significantly. Relying solely on the preset crushing gap is insufficient to guarantee the stability of the particle size distribution of the crushed ore, which can easily lead to over-crushing or under-crushing. This results in increased energy consumption, increased reflux flow, and reduced production efficiency. Furthermore, in existing technologies, the crushing process and the screening process are usually independent of each other, and the screening results are not used to adjust the crushing process in reverse. There is a lack of an effective collaborative control mechanism between crushing and screening.
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for ore crushing and screening equipment capable of real-time adjustment of the crushing gap based on the particle size distribution results. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an ore crushing and screening device and method based on particle size feedback.
[0006] The adaptive multi-stage screening ore crushing device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An adaptive multi-stage screening ore crushing device includes a feed hopper; a crushing device disposed below the feed hopper, the crushing device including at least a pair of opposing crushing rollers and an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism being used to adjust the crushing gap between the crushing rollers; a vibrating screening assembly disposed below the crushing device, including at least three stages of screens arranged sequentially along the material falling direction with progressively smaller screen apertures, each stage of the screens being inclined relative to the horizontal plane; a particle size detection assembly disposed on the discharge path of the vibrating screening assembly, used to acquire particle size information of the screened ore; and a control module electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism and the particle size detection assembly, used to control the adjusting mechanism to adjust the crushing gap based on the deviation between the ore particle size information acquired by the particle size detection assembly and a preset target particle size range, thereby forming a closed-loop control of the ore crushing and screening process.
[0007] Optionally, the vibrating screening assembly includes a first screen, a second screen, and a third screen, with each screen having an inclination angle of 10° to 20°. Each screen is also equipped with a corresponding vibrating motor to drive the screen to vibrate. The ends of the first screen, the second screen, and the third screen are respectively provided with a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, and a third conveyor belt. The end of the first conveyor belt is connected to a return channel, which is used to return the ore material that has not passed through the first screen to the crushing mechanism.
[0008] Optionally, the frame is provided with a slide rail, and two supports are slidably arranged on the slide rail. Each support is provided with a crushing roller and a first motor that drives the crushing roller to rotate. The adjustment mechanism connects the two supports.
[0009] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a positive and negative lead screw and a second motor that drives the positive and negative lead screw to rotate, with a bracket threaded to each end of the positive and negative lead screw.
[0010] Optionally, the particle size detection component includes an industrial camera and an image processing unit. The industrial camera is used to acquire images of ore particles, and the image processing unit obtains the actual particle size of the ore particles based on the contour features of the ore particles and the calibration relationship between pixel size and actual size.
[0011] Optionally, the control module pre-stores a target particle size range and corresponding threshold parameters, including a first threshold and a second threshold. The control module is configured to: when the proportion of fine material with a particle size smaller than the lower limit of the target particle size is higher than the first threshold, control the adjustment mechanism to increase the crushing gap; when the proportion of ore that has not passed through the uppermost screen is higher than the second threshold, control the adjustment mechanism to decrease the crushing gap.
[0012] A method for crushing and screening ores based on particle size feedback closed-loop control includes the following steps: S1. The ore enters the crushing mechanism through the feed hopper and is crushed under the action of the crushing rollers; S2. The crushed ore enters the vibrating screen assembly and is screened through various levels of screens in sequence. S3. The particle size detection component performs online particle size detection on the ore passing through the corresponding screen to obtain the particle size distribution data of the ore. S4. The control module compares the particle size distribution data with the preset target particle size range and generates a particle size deviation signal. S5. The control module controls the adjustment mechanism to adjust the crushing gap according to the particle size deviation signal; S6. Ore that fails to pass through the first screen is returned to the crushing mechanism via the return channel. The above steps are repeated to form a closed-loop control between the crushing and screening processes.
[0013] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By using particle size analysis results to adjust the crushing gap in a closed loop, the stability of the ore particle size distribution after crushing is improved; over-crushing and under-crushing are effectively reduced, energy consumption is lowered, and reflux flow is reduced; the crushing process and the screening process are coordinated and controlled to improve the overall processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism and vibrating screening component of the present invention.
[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Crushing mechanism; 31. Support; 32. Crushing roller; 33. First motor; 34. Positive and negative lead screws; 35. Second motor; 41. First screen; 42. Second screen; 43. Third screen; 51. First conveyor belt; 52. Second conveyor belt; 53. Third conveyor belt; 6. Particle size detection component. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of this application, “at least one” and “one or more” refer to one, two, or more than two. The term “and / or” is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can indicate: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character “ / ” generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an “or” relationship.
[0017] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.
[0018] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 The present invention will be described in further detail below.
[0019] This application discloses an ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback closed-loop control, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device includes a frame 1, with a feed hopper 2 at the top for continuously feeding ore into the device. Below the feed hopper 2 is a crushing mechanism 3, which includes a pair of opposing crushing rollers 32 with an adjustable crushing gap between them. The frame 1 has a slide rail with two supports 31 slidably mounted on it. Each support 31 has a crushing roller 32 and a first motor 33 for driving the crushing roller 32. The frame 1 also has an adjustment mechanism, which includes a positive and negative screw 34 and a second motor 35 for driving the positive and negative screw 34. Each end of the positive and negative screw 34 is threaded to a support 31. Rotation of the positive and negative screw 34 adjusts the distance between the two supports 31, thereby adjusting the crushing gap between the two crushing rollers 32. Below the crushing mechanism 3 is a vibrating screen assembly, which includes a screen along the material... The three-stage screens arranged sequentially in the direction of material fall include a first screen 41, a second screen 42, and a third screen 43. The aperture of each screen decreases sequentially. The first screen 41 is used to remove large pieces of ore that have not been fully crushed. The second screen 42 is used to screen out qualified ore within the target particle size range. The third screen 43 is used to screen out fine materials. Each screen is inclined relative to the horizontal plane at an angle of 10° to 20°. Each screen is also equipped with a corresponding vibrating motor to drive the screen to vibrate in order to achieve a better filtration effect. The ends of the first screen 41, the second screen 42, and the third screen 43 are respectively equipped with a first conveyor belt 51, a second conveyor belt 52, and a third conveyor belt 53 for conveying the corresponding ore. The end of the first conveyor belt 51 is connected to a return channel, which is used to return the ore material that has not passed through the first screen 41 to the crushing mechanism 3.
[0020] Each conveyor belt is equipped with a particle size detection component 6, which is used to perform online particle size detection on the ore passing through the discharge channel and obtain the ore particle size distribution parameters. The particle size detection component 6 includes an industrial camera and an image processing unit. The industrial camera continuously captures images of the ore particles on the corresponding conveyor belt. The image processing unit performs preprocessing such as grayscale conversion on the acquired ore images and extracts the particle edge information based on the contour features of the ore particles. By matching the pixel size of the particles in the image with the pre-calibrated actual size conversion relationship, the actual particle size of the ore particles is obtained. The particle sizes of multiple particles are statistically analyzed to obtain the ore particle size distribution parameters.
[0021] The frame 1 is also equipped with a control module, which is connected to the particle size detection component 6 and the adjustment mechanism respectively, and is used to adjust the crushing gap according to the particle size distribution parameters obtained by the particle size detection component 6.
[0022] The control module pre-stores the target particle size range and corresponding threshold parameters. The threshold parameters are set according to the target product particle size requirements and can be adjusted according to the actual production conditions. They include a first threshold and a second threshold. When the particle size detection component 6 detects that the proportion of fine material with a particle size smaller than the lower limit of the target particle size is higher than the first threshold, the control module determines that the current crushing state is over-crushed and controls the adjustment mechanism to increase the crushing gap between the crushing rollers 32. When the proportion of ore that has not passed through the first screen 41 is higher than the second threshold, the control module determines that the current crushing state is under-crushed and controls the crushing gap to decrease.
[0023] Within adjacent control cycles, the control module sets an upper limit for the adjustment range of the crushing gap to avoid oscillations in the crushing system.
[0024] A method for crushing and screening ores based on particle size feedback closed-loop control, applied to the above-mentioned device, includes the following steps: S1. The ore enters the crushing mechanism 3 through the feed hopper 2 and is crushed under the action of the crushing roller 32; S2. The crushed ore enters the vibrating screen assembly and is screened through multiple screens in sequence. S3, Particle size detection component 6 performs online particle size detection on the ore passing through the corresponding screen to obtain the particle size distribution data of the ore; S4. The control module compares the particle size distribution data with the preset target particle size range and generates a particle size deviation signal. S5. The control module controls the adjustment mechanism to adjust the crushing gap according to the particle size deviation signal; S6. Ore that does not pass through the first screen 41 returns to the crushing mechanism 3 through the return channel, and the above steps are repeated to form a closed-loop control between the crushing process and the screening process.
[0025] The above-mentioned particle size detection and crushing gap adjustment steps are performed periodically during the operation of the device.
[0026] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art based on the content disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims.
Claims
1. An ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback, characterized in that: The system includes a feed hopper (2); a crushing device located below the feed hopper (2), the crushing device including at least a pair of oppositely arranged crushing rollers (32) and an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism being used to adjust the crushing gap between the crushing rollers (32); a vibrating screen assembly located below the crushing device, including at least three levels of screens arranged sequentially along the material falling direction with progressively smaller screen apertures, each level of screen being inclined relative to the horizontal plane; a particle size detection assembly (6) located on the discharge path of the vibrating screen assembly, used to acquire particle size information of the ore after screening; and a control module electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism and the particle size detection assembly (6), used to control the adjusting mechanism to adjust the crushing gap based on the deviation between the ore particle size information acquired by the particle size detection assembly (6) and the preset target particle size range, so that the ore crushing and screening process forms a closed-loop control.
2. The ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screening assembly includes a first screen (41), a second screen (42) and a third screen (43). The inclination angle of each screen is 10°~20°. Each screen is also equipped with a corresponding vibrating motor to drive the screen to vibrate. The ends of the first screen (41), the second screen (42) and the third screen (43) are respectively provided with a first conveyor belt (51), a second conveyor belt (52) and a third conveyor belt (53). The end of the first conveyor belt (51) is connected to a return channel, which is used to return the ore material that has not passed through the first screen (41) to the crushing mechanism (3).
3. The ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a slide rail, and two supports (31) are slidably arranged on the slide rail. Each support (31) is provided with a crushing roller (32) and a first motor (33) that drives the crushing roller (32) to rotate. The adjustment mechanism connects the two supports (31).
4. The ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a positive and negative lead screw (34) and a second motor (35) that drives the positive and negative lead screw (34) to rotate. Both ends of the positive and negative lead screw (34) are respectively threaded to a bracket (31).
5. The ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback according to claim 4, characterized in that: The particle size detection component (6) includes an industrial camera and an image processing unit. The industrial camera is used to acquire images of ore particles, and the image processing unit obtains the actual particle size of the ore particles based on the contour features of the ore particles and the calibration relationship between pixel size and actual size.
6. The ore crushing and screening device based on particle size feedback according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control module pre-stores the target particle size range and corresponding threshold parameters. The threshold parameters include a first threshold and a second threshold. The control module is configured to: when the proportion of fine material with a particle size smaller than the lower limit of the target particle size is higher than the first threshold, control the adjustment mechanism to increase the crushing gap; when the proportion of ore that has not passed through the uppermost screen is higher than the second threshold, control the adjustment mechanism to decrease the crushing gap.
7. A method for crushing and screening ores based on particle size feedback closed-loop control, characterized in that, The apparatus of claim 6 comprises the following steps: S1. The ore enters the crushing mechanism (3) through the feed hopper (2) and is crushed under the action of the crushing roller (32); S2. The crushed ore enters the vibrating screen assembly and is screened through various levels of screens in sequence. S3, Particle size detection component (6) performs online particle size detection on the ore passing through the corresponding screen to obtain the particle size distribution data of the ore; S4. The control module compares the particle size distribution data with the preset target particle size range and generates a particle size deviation signal. S5. The control module controls the adjustment mechanism to adjust the crushing gap according to the particle size deviation signal; S6. The ore that does not pass through the first screen (41) is returned to the crushing mechanism (3) through the return channel. The above steps are repeated to form a closed loop control between the crushing process and the screening process.