Intelligent combined upgrading process suitable for wide particle size range multi-component complex coal

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of intelligent combined upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal, belong to coal separation and processing technology field, solve the adaptability of poor, poor accuracy and poor economy of one of the problems of existing coal separation process to wide size fraction, multi-component complex coal.The present application includes the following steps: raw coal feeding and process sampling;Coal quality identification and component analysis;Obtain the coal quality characteristic parameter of current raw coal;Retrieve the historical separation data, equipment operating parameters and product indexes matched with current coal quality;Determine the appropriate separation path, equipment combination and product flow direction of current raw coal, establish the shunt scheme;Raw coal enters front-end shunt device, and material is distributed to different separation branches according to the preset shunt scheme, part of the material enters the first multi-layer classifier, and the other part of the material directly enters subsequent shunt device for shunting.The present application improves the separation adaptation capability of complex coal, clean coal yield, and reduces operating cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal sorting and processing technology, and in particular to an intelligent combined upgrading process suitable for complex coals with wide particle size and multiple components. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous improvement of fully mechanized mining technology and the extension of coal mining to deeper areas, the sources of raw coal have become more complex, and the differences in coal seam structure, intercalation state, and coal-rock composition have become more pronounced. This has resulted in raw coal being processed exhibiting characteristics of wide particle size distribution, multiple components, complex coal quality, and frequent fluctuations. During the sorting process, this type of raw coal not only has a large particle size range, but also exhibits significant differences in density, ash content, gangue content, and washability among different particle sizes, posing a significant challenge to traditional sorting processes that rely on fixed procedures and single paths.

[0003] Existing coal sorting processes typically operate according to pre-set fixed procedures. Equipment combinations, diversion methods, and sorting paths are largely determined based on experience or periodic testing results, making real-time adjustments difficult based on changes in the quality of the raw coal. When fluctuations occur in coal seam composition, particle size distribution, or coal quality characteristics, existing processes often fail to identify and respond promptly, leading to some materials entering unsuitable sorting units. This results in decreased sorting efficiency, insufficient clean coal recovery, gangue entering clean coal, product quality fluctuations, and increased operating costs. Furthermore, current technologies rely heavily on manual sampling, offline testing, and manual experience analysis for determining the properties of raw coal. This information acquisition cycle is long and lacks timeliness, making it difficult to meet the requirements for rapid identification and immediate control without interrupting production. Especially for wide-sized, multi-component, and complex raw coals, different particle sizes exhibit significant differences in adaptability to photoelectric separation, screening and grading, heavy media separation, and composite dry separation processes. Without targeted identification and diversion control, improper process matching and decreased equipment utilization efficiency can easily occur, making it difficult to achieve synergistic optimization of sorting performance and economic benefits.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method and process for intelligent identification, diversion and separation of raw coal that can quickly identify the particle size composition and coal quality characteristics of raw coal without interrupting production, and dynamically adjust the process flow, change the material diversion path and achieve process adaptation and economic optimization based on the identification results, so as to improve the adaptability, accuracy and economy of coal separation under complex coal quality conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide an intelligent combined upgrading process suitable for wide-particle-size, multi-component, and complex coal, in order to solve one of the problems of poor adaptability, poor accuracy, and poor economy of existing coal sorting processes for wide-particle-size, multi-component, and complex coal.

[0006] This invention provides an intelligent combined upgrading process suitable for complex coals with wide particle size and multiple components, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Raw coal feeding and process sampling; Step S2: Coal quality identification and component analysis; obtain the coal quality characteristic parameters of the current raw coal; Step S3: Database matching and diversion decision; retrieve historical sorting data, equipment operating parameters and product indicators that match the current coal quality; determine the appropriate sorting path, equipment combination and product flow direction for the current raw coal, and establish a diversion plan; Step S4: Central control adjustment and front-end diversion; Raw coal enters the front-end diversion device. Under the control of the central control device, the material is distributed to different sorting branches according to the preset diversion scheme. Part of the material enters the first multi-layer grading screen, and the other part of the material directly enters the subsequent diversion device for diversion.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes step S5: particle size sieving and photoelectric separation, in which the material entering the first multi-layer grading screen is initially classified according to particle size; Step S6: Fine coal separation and secondary diversion. The material entering the second multi-layer grading screen is further separated according to particle size. Part of it is directly discharged as fine coal product, and the other part is sent to the subsequent diversion device. Step S7: Combined dry sorting and product collection, ultimately completing the intelligent identification, precise diversion and multi-path combined dry sorting of raw coal.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, the sample obtained from the process sampling is sent to the photoelectric recognition unit to quickly identify the color, optical characteristics and coal-rock differences of the sample; then the identified sample information is sent to the component analysis unit to analyze the combustible components, gangue components and particle size composition in the sample to obtain the coal quality characteristic parameters of the current raw coal.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, the coal quality characteristic parameters obtained from the component analysis unit are input into the database call module to retrieve historical sorting data, equipment operating parameters, and product indicators that match the current coal quality; the appropriate sorting path, equipment combination, and product flow direction for the current raw coal are determined by the countermeasure identification module to complete the establishment of the diversion scheme.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S4, the control command after the diversion scheme is established is input into the central control device, and the central control device sends control signals to the front-end diversion device and the subsequent diversion device respectively.

[0011] Further, in step S5, the material entering the first multi-layer grading screen is initially graded according to particle size; the particle size suitable for photoelectric separation enters the photoelectric separator and is separated according to the difference in optical response between coal and gangue to obtain gangue product and clean coal product respectively; another part of the material separated by the first multi-layer grading screen enters the second multi-layer grading screen for further grading.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S6, the material entering the second multi-layer grading screen is further separated according to particle size, with a portion being discharged directly as fine coal product and the other portion being sent to the subsequent diversion device.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S7, after being distributed by the subsequent diversion device, part of the material enters the heavy medium shallow tank for gravity separation to obtain gangue product and clean coal product respectively; the other part enters the compound dry separator for compound dry separation to obtain gangue product and clean coal product respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the first multi-layer grading sieve has a three-stage sieve structure with sieve aperture sizes of 200mm, 150mm and 100mm respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the second multi-layer grading sieve has a three-stage sieve structure with sieve aperture sizes of 13mm, 6mm, and 3mm, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the front-end diversion device is used to distribute raw coal to the first multi-layer grading screen and / or the subsequent diversion device, and the subsequent diversion device is used to distribute the material to the heavy medium shallow trough and / or the compound dry separator.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: (1) By constructing an integrated decision-making mechanism of "photoelectric identification - component analysis - database matching - central control adjustment", this invention can quickly identify the particle size composition and coal quality characteristics of the raw coal to be selected without interrupting production, and generate corresponding sorting operation schemes and diversion paths in real time based on the identification results. This overcomes the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional fixed process sorting technology to complex raw coal, and improves the process response speed and sorting adaptability under coal quality change conditions.

[0018] (2) By pre-establishing a database corresponding to coal quality characteristic parameters and sorting process parameters, and using the database call results to guide the selection of process paths and optimization of equipment combinations, the sorting scheme is transformed from traditional experience judgment to data-driven decision-making based on coal quality characteristic identification. This not only improves the scientificity and accuracy of process selection, but also provides more economical sorting schemes for different coal seam composition changes, thereby increasing the yield of clean coal, reducing operating costs and enhancing overall economic benefits.

[0019] (3) By setting up a variable flow direction front-end diversion device and a subsequent diversion device, and combining the coordinated operation of sorting units such as multi-layer grading screen, photoelectric separator, heavy medium shallow trough and composite dry separator, the present invention can guide materials of different properties into the sorting path that matches them according to the particle size composition and coal quality differences of the raw coal. This avoids the mismatch caused by raw coal of different particle size and different composition entering a single fixed sorting process, thereby effectively improving the sorting accuracy, clean coal recovery rate and gangue disposal effect.

[0020] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent combined upgrading process applicable to complex coal with wide particle size and multiple components, as shown in a specific embodiment.

[0023] Figure label: 1-Front-end diversion device; 2-Central control device; 3-First multi-layer grading screen; 4-Subsequent diversion device; 5-Photoelectric identification unit; 6-Component analysis unit; 7-Database call module; 8-Countermeasure identification module; 9-Second multi-layer grading screen; 10-Heavy medium shallow tank; 11-Composite dry separator; 12-Photoelectric separator. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] To address the problem of poor adaptability of existing coal sorting processes to raw coal with wide particle sizes and complex multi-component properties, a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a smart combined upgrading process suitable for complex coals with wide particle size and multiple components is disclosed, including the following steps: Step S1: Raw coal feeding and process sampling.

[0026] Step S2: Coal quality identification and component analysis; obtain the coal quality characteristic parameters of the current raw coal.

[0027] Step S3: Database matching and diversion decision; retrieve historical sorting data, equipment operating parameters and product indicators that match the current coal quality; determine the appropriate sorting path, equipment combination and product flow direction for the current raw coal, and establish a diversion plan.

[0028] Step S4: Central control adjustment and front-end diversion; Raw coal enters the front-end diversion device 1. Under the control of the central control device 2, the material is distributed to different sorting branches according to the preset diversion scheme. Part of the material enters the first multi-layer grading screen 3, and the other part of the material directly enters the subsequent diversion device 4 for diversion.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, the intelligent combined upgrading process for complex coals with wide particle size and multiple components provided in this embodiment, by constructing an integrated decision-making mechanism of "photoelectric recognition - component analysis - database matching - central control adjustment", can quickly identify the particle size composition and coal quality characteristics of the raw coal being sorted without interrupting production. Based on the identification results, it generates corresponding sorting operation plans and diversion paths in real time, thereby overcoming the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional fixed-process sorting technology to complex coals and improving the process response speed and sorting adaptability under coal quality change conditions.

[0030] For step S1: raw coal feeding and process sampling. Specifically, the raw coal is fed into the sorting system. On the one hand, the raw coal enters the main sorting process, and on the other hand, process sampling is carried out simultaneously to obtain sample information representing the current properties of the incoming coal, providing basic data for subsequent identification, decision-making and diversion control.

[0031] For step S2: coal quality identification and component analysis, specifically, the sample obtained from the process sampling is sent to the photoelectric identification unit 5 to quickly identify the color, optical characteristics, and coal petrographic differences of the sample; then the identified sample information is sent to the component analysis unit 6 to analyze the combustible components, gangue components, and particle size composition of the sample to obtain the coal quality characteristic parameters of the current raw coal.

[0032] In this step, photoelectric recognition is used to obtain the color characteristics, surface reflection characteristics, and coal rock response characteristics of the selected raw coal, while component analysis is used to obtain the particle size composition, ash content characteristics, and coal quality category information of the selected raw coal, so as to form the characteristic parameter set of the current selected raw coal.

[0033] For step S3: database matching and diversion decision; specifically, the coal quality characteristic parameters obtained from the component analysis unit 6 are input into the database call module 7 to retrieve historical sorting data, equipment operating parameters and product indicators that match the current coal quality; on this basis, the appropriate sorting path, equipment combination and product flow direction for the current raw coal are determined by the countermeasure identification module 8, and the diversion scheme is further established.

[0034] In this embodiment, by pre-establishing a database corresponding to coal quality characteristic parameters and separation process parameters, and using the database call results to guide process path selection and equipment combination optimization, the separation scheme is transformed from traditional experience-based judgment to data-driven decision-making based on coal quality characteristic identification. This not only improves the scientificity and accuracy of process selection, but also provides more economical separation schemes for different coal seam composition variations, thereby increasing clean coal yield, reducing operating costs, and enhancing overall economic benefits.

[0035] It should be noted that the pre-established database stores the combination parameters of sorting equipment, diversion path parameters, and target product output parameters corresponding to different particle size compositions and coal quality characteristics. Countermeasure identification involves matching the characteristic parameter set of the current raw coal being sorted with the historical sample parameters in the database to output the corresponding sorting operation plan. The sorting operation plan includes at least one or more of the following: the diversion direction of the front-end diversion device 1, the diversion direction of the subsequent diversion device 4, the start / stop status of the photoelectric separator 12, the start / stop status of the heavy medium shallow trough 10, and the start / stop status of the composite dry separator 11.

[0036] For step S4: central control adjustment and front-end diversion. Specifically, the control command after the diversion scheme is established is input into the central control device 2, and the central control device 2 sends control signals to the front-end diversion device 1 and the subsequent diversion device 4 respectively. The raw coal first enters the front-end diversion device 1. Under the control of the central control device 2, the material is distributed to different sorting branches according to the preset diversion scheme. Part of the material enters the first multi-layer grading screen 3, and the other part of the material directly enters the subsequent diversion device 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, the central control device 2 adjusts the flow direction of each diversion device in real time according to the diversion scheme, so that raw coal of different qualities and different particle sizes enters the sorting path that is compatible with it, thereby realizing dynamic variable diversion.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to address one of the problems of poor accuracy and poor economy in existing coal sorting processes for raw coal with wide particle size and complex multi-component composition, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent joint quality improvement process includes the following steps: Step S5: Particle size screening and photoelectric separation. The material entering the first multi-layer classifying screen 3 is initially classified according to particle size.

[0039] Step S6: Fine coal separation and secondary diversion. The material entering the second multi-layer grading screen 9 is further separated according to particle size. Part of it is directly discharged as fine coal product, and the other part is sent to the subsequent diversion device 4.

[0040] Step S7: Combined dry sorting and product collection, ultimately completing the intelligent identification, precise diversion and multi-path combined dry sorting of raw coal.

[0041] For step S5: Specifically, the material entering the first multi-layer grading screen 3 is initially graded according to particle size; the particle size suitable for photoelectric separation enters the photoelectric separator 12, and is separated according to the difference in optical response between coal and gangue, to obtain gangue product and clean coal product respectively; the other part of the material separated by the first multi-layer grading screen 3 enters the second multi-layer grading screen 9 for further grading.

[0042] For step S6: Specifically, the material entering the second multi-layer grading screen 9 is further separated according to particle size. A portion of it is directly discharged as fine coal product, and the other portion is sent to the subsequent diversion device 4. At the same time, the material directly separated by the front-end diversion device 1 also enters the subsequent diversion device 4, which is then secondary-divided according to coal quality characteristics and sorting requirements under the control of the central control device 2.

[0043] For step S7: Specifically, after being distributed by the subsequent diversion device 4, part of the material enters the heavy medium shallow tank 10 for gravity separation to obtain gangue products and clean coal products respectively; the other part enters the compound dry separator 11 for compound dry separation to obtain gangue products and clean coal products respectively; finally, the intelligent identification, precise diversion and multi-path combined dry separation of raw coal are completed.

[0044] In this embodiment, by setting up a variable-direction front-end diversion device 1 and a subsequent diversion device 4, and combining the coordinated operation of sorting units such as multi-layer grading screen, photoelectric separator 12, heavy medium shallow trough 10 and composite dry separator 11, materials with different properties can be introduced into the sorting path that matches them according to the particle size composition and coal quality differences of the raw coal. This avoids the mismatch caused by raw coal of different particle sizes and different components entering a single fixed sorting process, thereby effectively improving the sorting accuracy, clean coal recovery rate and gangue disposal effect.

[0045] In this embodiment, the central control device 2 enables the coordinated control of each diversion node and each sorting device. This allows for real-time changes in the process flow and equipment operating status under conditions of coal seam composition fluctuations, particle size distribution changes, or coal quality complication. This forms a joint sorting process system with flexible adjustment capabilities, thereby significantly improving the production system's continuous operation capability, process stability, and engineering application value under complex operating conditions.

[0046] It should be noted that the front-end diversion device 1 is used to distribute raw coal to the first multi-layer grading screen 3 and / or the subsequent diversion device 4, and the subsequent diversion device 4 is used to distribute the material to the heavy medium shallow trough 10 and / or the compound dry separator 11. The photoelectric separator 12 is used to identify and separate coal and gangue from the target particle size material separated by the first multi-layer grading screen 3; the heavy medium shallow trough 10 is used to perform density difference separation of the target particle size lump coal; and the compound dry separator 11 is used to perform dry separation of the other target particle size material.

[0047] In this embodiment, process sampling, photoelectric identification, component analysis, database countermeasure identification, diversion scheme generation, and central control adjustment constitute a closed-loop control process, which is used to dynamically adjust the sorting path and equipment operation scheme according to the changes in the properties of the raw coal.

[0048] Furthermore, the first multi-layer grading screen 3 is configured with a three-stage screening structure, with screen aperture sizes of 200mm, 150mm, and 100mm. The second multi-layer grading screen 9 is also configured with a three-stage screening structure, with screen aperture sizes of 13mm, 6mm, and 3mm. By dividing the wide-particle-size raw coal into different particle size ranges for grading, the grading and sorting of wide-particle-size complex coal is achieved. This allows coarse, medium, and fine particles to enter appropriate sorting units, which helps improve the sorting targeting of each particle size and reduces the decrease in sorting efficiency and product quality fluctuations caused by particle size mixing.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the raw coal sampling unit is used for online or bypass sampling during the raw coal transportation process; the photoelectric identification unit 5 and the component analysis unit 6 are used to quickly determine the particle size composition and coal quality characteristics of the raw coal being selected; the database call and symmetry identification unit is used to match the current raw coal characteristic parameters with the pre-established database and output the corresponding sorting operation plan; the central control device is connected to each diversion device and is used to establish a diversion plan according to the sorting operation plan and control the flow direction switching of each diversion device; the first multi-layer grading screen is used to perform coarse-grained grading of wide-particle-size raw coal, and the second multi-layer grading screen is used to further grade medium- and fine-particle-size raw coal; the photoelectric separator, the heavy medium shallow trough, and the composite dry separator are used to perform corresponding sorting processes on raw coal of different particle sizes and different coal quality characteristics, thereby forming a combined sorting process system adapted to different coal quality fluctuation conditions. The central control device can change the flow direction of the front-end diversion device and the subsequent diversion device in real time according to the database identification results to achieve dynamic variable sorting path.

[0050] In this embodiment, raw coal is conveyed to the separation system, and process sampling is performed synchronously in the main production flow to obtain sample information that can characterize the properties of the currently fed raw coal, providing a data basis for subsequent coal property identification, parameter matching and split-flow regulation. The collected samples are sent to the photoelectric identification unit 5 and the component analysis unit 6 to rapidly identify and analyze the color characteristics, surface reflection characteristics, coal rock response characteristics, particle size composition and coal quality characteristics of the fed raw coal, so as to determine the particle size distribution, coal rock components, ash characteristics and washability parameters of the current raw coal. The particle size composition and coal quality characteristics are input into a pre-established database for matching and identification with historical coal quality samples, separation process parameters, equipment combination parameters and product index parameters, so as to obtain a separation operation scheme corresponding to the properties of the currently fed raw coal. A split-flow scheme is established based on the separation operation scheme, and the split-flow scheme is transmitted to the central control device 2, which performs linkage control on each split-flow device, so that the material flow direction of each split-flow node can be dynamically adjusted according to the current coal quality change. After the raw coal enters the front-end split-flow device 1, it is distributed to different separation paths according to the split-flow scheme under the control of the central control device 2, wherein at least part of the material enters the first multi-layer grading sieve 3 for particle size grading, the particle size fraction suitable for photoelectric separation after grading enters the photoelectric separator for separation to obtain a gangue product and a clean coal product, and the remaining material enters the second multi-layer grading sieve 9 for further grading. The material entering the second multi-layer grading sieve 9 continues to be graded, part of the graded product is discharged as a fine coal product, and the other part of the material is sent to the subsequent split-flow device 4; at the same time, the bypass material split by the front-end split-flow device 1 can also enter the subsequent split-flow device 4, and the subsequent split-flow device 4 guides the materials into the dense medium shallow tank 10 and the compound dry separator 11 respectively for separation under the control of the central control device 2. The material entering the dense medium shallow tank 10 is separated by density difference to obtain a gangue product and a clean coal product, and the material entering the compound dry separator 11 is separated by dry separation to obtain a gangue product and a clean coal product, thereby completing the intelligent identification, dynamic split-flow and combined separation of raw coal with wide particle size fraction and complex coal quality; when the properties of the fed raw coal change, the central control device 2 updates the split-flow paths and equipment combinations according to the real-time identification results, so as to realize process adaptation and economically optimized separation without stopping production.

[0051] Embodiment 1 Aiming at the coal quality characteristics that fine coal is extremely easy to argillize and is not suitable for wet separation, after process sampling, photoelectric identification, component analysis and database matching, the system determines to adopt a split-flow scheme dominated by "photoelectric dry separation + compound dry separation", and the central control device 2 issues control instructions to each split-flow node to make the wet separation path exit or stand by, so as to form a dry combined separation process flow for this type of raw coal. The specific process flow is as follows: Process sampling and coal quality identification. After the raw coal enters the system, process sampling is carried out simultaneously. The sampling information passes through the photoelectric identification unit 5, the component analysis unit 6, and the database call module 7 in sequence. Combined with the countermeasure identification module 8, it is determined that the batch of raw coal has a strong tendency to become muddy in fine particles and is not suitable for entering the wet separation process. Then, a diversion scheme based on photoelectric dry separation and composite dry separation is established and transmitted to the central control device 2.

[0052] Front-end diversion and coarse particle screening. Under the control of the central control device 2, raw coal enters the front-end diversion device 1 and is initially classified by a first multi-layer grading screen with a screen aperture of 200mm according to a predetermined scheme. After classification, the particle size suitable for dry separation of lump coal enters the photoelectric separator 12.

[0053] Photoelectric dry separation of lump coal. Lump coal entering the photoelectric separator 12 is identified and separated based on the differences in optical characteristics between coal and gangue, yielding gangue products and clean coal products respectively. This stage mainly undertakes the tasks of pre-removing gangue from larger particle sizes and upgrading lump coal.

[0054] Medium and fine particle size screening. Another portion of the material separated by the first multi-stage grading screen enters the second multi-stage grading screen 9 with a screen aperture of 6mm for further classification. Among them, the fine particle size material is directly discharged as fine coal product; the material larger than the lower limit particle size and still suitable for dry separation enters the subsequent diversion device 4.

[0055] Medium and fine particle size composite dry separation. The material entering the subsequent diversion device 4 is preferentially introduced into the composite dry separator 11 for separation under the control of the central control device 2 to obtain gangue product and clean coal product. Since this implementation scheme is aimed at fine-particle coal that is easily mudded, the wet separation branch of the heavy medium shallow trough 10 is not used as the main operating path in this scheme and can be closed or retained as a backup path.

[0056] Product output and process adaptation. The final system forms a product structure of "lump coal photoelectric dry separation - medium and fine particle composite dry separation - fine particle fine coal direct output", realizing the classified output of clean coal, gangue and fine coal. Throughout the process, the central control device 2 can continue to correct the diversion direction and equipment start-up and shutdown status based on the real-time identification results to adapt to changes in coal seam composition and fluctuations in coal supply.

[0057] In this embodiment, the wet main separation path is actively abandoned in response to the characteristic of fine coal being prone to mud formation. Instead, a fully dry combined separation process is adopted to avoid the adverse effects of mud formation on the separation effect and improve the process adaptability and overall economic benefits.

[0058] Example 2 In response to the coal's characteristics of being brittle, having a low proportion of large particles, and a high content of fine particles, the system, after process sampling, photoelectric identification, component analysis, and database matching, determines that a diversion scheme of "canceling large particle separation, lowering the separation lower limit to 3mm, and strengthening the combined separation of medium and fine particles" should be adopted. The central control unit 2 then issues control commands to each diversion node, thus forming an adaptive separation process flow for this type of raw coal. The specific process flow is as follows: Process sampling and coal quality identification. After the raw coal enters the system, process sampling is carried out simultaneously. The sampling information passes through the photoelectric identification unit 5, the component analysis unit 6, and the database retrieval module 7 in sequence. Combined with the countermeasure identification module 8, it is determined that the batch of raw coal has the characteristics of being fragile, having a low proportion of coarse particles, and being rich in fine particles. Then, a diversion scheme is established to cancel the selection of large pieces, lower the lower limit of separation to 3mm, and strengthen the separation of medium and fine particles, and the information is transmitted to the central control device 2.

[0059] Front-end diversion and initial classification. Under the control of the central control device 2, the raw coal enters the front-end diversion device 1 and is introduced into the first multi-layer classification screen 3 for initial classification according to the predetermined plan. Since this type of raw coal has few large particles, a special sorting path for large raw coal is no longer set up. Instead, the particle size channel suitable for subsequent dry identification and joint sorting is mainly retained.

[0060] Higher particle size photoelectric separation. Suitable particle size materials separated by the first multi-layer grading screen 3 enter the photoelectric separator 12, where they are identified and separated based on the differences in optical characteristics between coal and gangue, achieving pre-removal and upgrading of higher particle size materials. This stage no longer focuses on the specialized separation of large coal pieces, but rather serves the dry separation of selectable materials within the retained particle size range.

[0061] 3mm lower limit screening control. Another portion of the material separated by the first multi-layer grading screen 3 enters the second multi-layer grading screen 9 with a 3mm aperture for further classification. Fine particles smaller than 3mm are discharged as fine coal product; materials larger than 3mm that still have sorting value enter the subsequent diversion device 4. By lowering the lower limit of sorting to 3mm, more medium and fine-particle selectable raw coal can enter the subsequent sorting stages.

[0062] Medium and fine particle size separation. The material entering the subsequent diversion device 4 is guided by the central control device 2 into the heavy medium shallow tank 10 and the combined dry separator 11 for combined separation. Material suitable for gravity density difference separation enters the heavy medium shallow tank 10 to obtain gangue and clean coal products; the remaining material suitable for dry upgrading separation enters the combined dry separator 11 for further separation to improve the separation effect of medium and fine particle size materials.

[0063] Product output and process adaptation. The final system forms a product structure of "higher particle size photoelectric separation - medium and fine particle size combined separation - direct output of fine coal below 3mm", realizing the classified output of clean coal, gangue and fine coal. Throughout the process, the central control device can continue to correct the diversion direction and equipment start-up and shutdown status based on the real-time identification results to adapt to changes in coal seam composition and fluctuations in coal supply.

[0064] In this embodiment, considering the characteristics of raw coal being brittle, having few coarse particles, and having many fine particles, the dominant path for large-particle separation is eliminated, and the lower limit of separation is reduced to 3mm, allowing more medium and fine-particle materials to be included in the separation system, thereby improving the process adaptability, clean coal recovery rate, and overall economic benefits of this type of complex coal.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Raw coal feeding and process sampling; Step S2: Coal quality identification and component analysis; obtain the coal quality characteristic parameters of the current raw coal; Step S3: Database matching and diversion decision; retrieve historical sorting data, equipment operating parameters and product indicators that match the current coal quality; determine the appropriate sorting path, equipment combination and product flow direction for the current raw coal, and establish a diversion plan; Step S4: Central control adjustment and front-end diversion; Raw coal enters the front-end diversion device. Under the control of the central control device, the material is distributed to different sorting branches according to the preset diversion scheme. Part of the material enters the first multi-layer grading screen, and the other part of the material directly enters the subsequent diversion device for diversion.

2. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein, It also includes step S5: particle size sieving and photoelectric separation, in which the material entering the first multi-layer grading screen is initially classified according to particle size; Step S6: Fine coal separation and secondary diversion. The material entering the second multi-layer grading screen is further separated according to particle size. Part of it is directly discharged as fine coal product, and the other part is sent to the subsequent diversion device. Step S7: Combined dry sorting and product collection, ultimately completing the intelligent identification, precise diversion and multi-path combined dry sorting of raw coal.

3. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 2, wherein, In step S5, the material entering the first multi-layer grading screen is initially graded according to particle size.

4. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S5, a portion of the material separated by the first multi-layer grading screen enters the photoelectric separator and is sorted based on the difference in optical response between coal and gangue; the other portion of the material separated by the first multi-layer grading screen enters the second multi-layer grading screen for further grading.

5. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 4, wherein, In step S6, the material entering the second multi-layer grading screen is further separated according to particle size, with a portion being discharged directly as fine coal product and the other portion being sent to the subsequent diversion device.

6. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 5 wherein, In step S7, after being distributed by the subsequent diversion device, part of the material enters the heavy medium shallow tank for gravity separation; the other part enters the compound dry separator for compound dry separation.

7. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, Both the first multi-layer grading screen and the second multi-layer grading screen have a three-stage grading structure.

8. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The first multi-layer grading sieve has sieve aperture sizes of 200mm, 150mm and 100mm.

9. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The sieve aperture sizes of the second multi-layer grading sieve are 13mm, 6mm and 3mm respectively.

10. The intelligent integrated upgrading process suitable for wide size fraction multi-component complex coal as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The front-end diversion device is used to distribute raw coal to the first multi-layer grading screen and / or the subsequent diversion device, and the subsequent diversion device is used to distribute the material to the heavy medium shallow trough and / or the compound dry separator.

Images