Automatic hot forging press apparatus and hot forging method for a tool

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tool hot forging processing, in particular to an automatic hot forging and pressing equipment and method for tools, aiming at tool forging blank hot forging processing, a composite mechanism of magnetic drive pre-scraping tooling and spray re-pressing is added on the basis of conventional hot forging equipment, a cooperative operation mode of pre-pressing and shape correction, magnetic drive bidirectional scraping, rotary spray flushing and secondary hot pressing is adopted; during processing, the forging blank is fixed by the vacuum adsorption assembly of the carrying table, the working height is adjusted by the lifting cylinder to prevent the workpiece from deviating and shaking, the orthogonal reciprocating motion of the scraping frame is driven by the magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction effect to peel off the hard oxide layer on the surface of the forging blank, the spraying rotating cylinder is swung by the third telescopic cylinder cooperating with the annular corrugated transmission groove to realize high-pressure atomization multidirectional flushing descaling, and the power linkage pressing frame is reused to process the secondary regular forging blank, aiming at solving the problems of incomplete removal of the oxide layer and poor hot forging effect in the hot forging process caused by single descaling mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hot forging technology for cutting tools, specifically an automatic hot forging equipment and method for hot forging cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] The conventional forging equipment operation process in hot forging of cutting tools includes: directly forging and forming the cutting tool blank after the forging blank is loaded and positioned, and then carrying out subsequent machining processing.

[0003] Specifically for hot forging of cutting tool blanks, a dense and firm oxide layer forms on the surface of the blank after high-temperature heating. Unlike ordinary forgings, cutting tool blanks have irregular shapes and strong oxide layer adhesion. Therefore, compared with the hot forging of ordinary forgings, there are inherent shortcomings: Traditional equipment mostly uses only a single spray descaling mode or a simple mechanical scraping mode. A single spray is difficult to peel off the firmly bonded hard oxide layer, and a simple mechanical scraping cannot remove residual fine oxide scale fragments. When the oxide layer is not completely removed, the oxide scale is easily pressed into the surface of the blank substrate, causing pitting and dent defects on the workpiece surface. The forging process will scratch the blank. The direct consequences are poor surface finish of the cutting tool blank, reduced machining accuracy, and increased defect rate of finished products. This problem is particularly prominent in production conditions with high requirements for the surface quality of cutting tools.

[0004] To address this technical deficiency, a solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic hot forging equipment and hot forging method for cutting tools, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: an automatic hot forging and pressing equipment for cutting tools, comprising a frame, wherein a middle fixing frame is fixedly installed in the middle section of the inner cavity of the frame, and a bearing platform is vertically slidably installed in the inner cavity of the frame below the middle fixing frame;

[0007] A first lifting cylinder is installed between the bottom of the support platform and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the frame. The support platform has a hollow cavity structure and a built-in workpiece vacuum adsorption component. The support platform surface is evenly provided with several vacuum adsorption holes.

[0008] The frame cavity is equipped with a pre-forging and forming component in the middle section, and a composite forging billet descaling mechanism is provided on one side of the frame cavity located on the pre-forging and forming component. The composite forging billet descaling mechanism includes a mechanical pre-scraping mechanism that works together to complete the forging billet descaling operation and a scouring mechanism for directional spraying of media.

[0009] The pre-forging and forming assembly includes an active slide, a driven slide, a second lifting cylinder, and a pressure plate;

[0010] The front scraping mechanism includes two sets of mounting bases fixed together, a transmission screw, a first servo motor, a bidirectional rotating shaft, a dual magnetic turntable, a second servo motor, a vertical guide rod, and a scraping frame;

[0011] The flushing mechanism includes a primary mounting frame, a secondary linkage frame, a spray drum, an auxiliary drum, a reciprocating sleeve, a transmission plate, and a third telescopic cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the active slide block is slidably engaged in the center position of the middle fixed frame, and the side of the active slide block is linked with the composite forging billet descaling mechanism. The driven slide block is slidably embedded in the limiting slide groove on the inner side of the top wall of the frame, and a second lifting cylinder is provided at the bottom of the driven slide block. The bottom of the extension rod of the second lifting cylinder extends to the bottom of the active slide block and is equipped with a pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, both sets of mounting seats are slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the middle fixed frame, and the front and rear sides of the mounting seats are slidably engaged with the inner slide rails of the middle fixed frame. The rear end of the mounting seat is helically engaged with a transmission screw, and the end of the transmission screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper surfaces of the two sets of mounting bases are respectively provided with guide grooves extending perpendicularly to each other. Each set of guide grooves has a bidirectional rotating shaft that rotates vertically inside. The bottom end of the bidirectional rotating shaft is fixedly fitted with a double magnetic turntable, and the outer wall of the double magnetic turntable is fixedly spliced ​​with two sets of semi-circular magnetic rings with opposite magnetic poles. The second servo motor is set at the top of the bidirectional rotating shaft. The top of the two sets of bidirectional rotating shafts is fixedly installed with a transmission wheel, and a synchronous transmission belt is sleeved between the two sets of transmission wheels.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical guide rod extends longitudinally through the guide groove, and a scraping frame is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical guide rod. A permanent magnet block is embedded in one side wall of the scraping frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the primary mounting frame is connected to the adjacent mounting base and the secondary linkage frame by linkage rods. The two sets of spray drums are respectively rotatably embedded in the front and rear sides of the bottom of the primary mounting frame. The top of the spray drum is connected to the external medium storage tank through a pressure-resistant hose, and several high-pressure atomizing spray heads are arrayed at the bottom of the spray drum.

[0017] Furthermore, each set of spray drums has an auxiliary drum coaxially fixed on one side, and a reciprocating sleeve is movably sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary drum. The spray drum has an annular corrugated transmission groove on its outer side, and a transmission shaft pin that is adapted to and engages with the annular corrugated transmission groove is fixed on the inner wall of the reciprocating sleeve. A transmission plate is installed on the same side end of the two sets of reciprocating sleeves, and a third telescopic cylinder is assembled between the transmission plate and the side wall of the first-stage mounting frame.

[0018] Furthermore, a guide plate is fixedly mounted on the side of the transmission plate away from the third telescopic cylinder. The end of the guide plate extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame, and a wedge-shaped extrusion block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide plate.

[0019] Furthermore, a pressure frame is assembled at the bottom of the secondary linkage frame, and T-shaped guide rods are fixed at the front and rear of the top of the pressure frame. The top of the T-shaped guide rods extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame and is fitted with an elastic reset member on the outside. A settling extrusion plate with a beveled top is fixed at the center of the pressure frame, and the settling extrusion plate is vertically misaligned with the wedge-shaped extrusion block.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a hot forging method for an automatic hot forging and pressing equipment for cutting tools, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Workpiece positioning and mechanism alignment: Place the tool forging blank on the support table and fix the workpiece by vacuum adsorption; move all working mechanisms laterally as a whole to align the pre-forging pressing and forming components and the composite forging blank descaling mechanism to the workpiece working area.

[0022] Step 2: Initial pre-pressing and shaping: The pre-forging and forming assembly is lowered to apply pressure, which performs initial forging and shaping of the tool blank, corrects the workpiece deformation and placement deviation, and then the assembly is slightly raised and reset.

[0023] Step 3: Mechanical scraping and descaling: The scraping frame is driven to move back and forth adaptively using magnetic repulsion and attraction to scrape and clean the oxide scale and sintered impurities on the surface of the pre-pressed workpiece.

[0024] Step 4: Spraying and rinsing protection: The rotating spray drum atomizes and sprays the medium to rinse away residual micro-slag on the surface of the workpiece, while forming a lubricating and demolding protective layer on the surface of the workpiece, thus completing the composite descaling operation;

[0025] Step 5: Clamping and positioning and secondary precision forging: By using wedge extrusion in conjunction with the downward movement of the driving pressure frame, pressure is applied again to complete the precise hot forging of the tool blank;

[0026] Step Six: Machine Reset and Discharge: All mechanisms are reset in sequence to release the workpiece adsorption limit and complete a single automatic hot forging operation of the tool.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. This invention solves the problem of forging blank displacement and shaking during scraping and forging operations by setting a hollow support platform with a built-in workpiece vacuum adsorption component and using vacuum adsorption holes to adsorb and fix the tool forging blank with negative pressure. With the help of the first lifting cylinder to drive the vertically adjustable support platform, it can be adapted to the working height of forging blanks of different specifications. With the help of the first servo motor and the transmission screw to drive the mounting base, the pre-forging and forming component and the composite forging blank descaling mechanism can achieve overall linkage and lateral feeding and alignment. The workpiece positioning is reliable and the mechanism alignment accuracy is high.

[0029] 2. The present invention also sets up a pre-forging and forming component, which uses a second lifting cylinder to drive the pressure plate to perform initial pre-pressing and shaping of the forging blank before the descaling operation. This can correct the warping deformation and placement deviation of the forging blank, complete the initial regularization and shaping of the forging blank, solve the interference of poor workpiece posture on the subsequent descaling process, and provide a regular workpiece foundation for the oxide layer scraping operation.

[0030] 3. The present invention also adopts a compound descaling structure. First, a magnetically driven mechanical front scraping mechanism is set up. The magnetic repulsion and attraction between the semi-circular magnetic ring of the double magnetic turntable and the permanent magnet block inside the scraping frame drive the two sets of scraping frames to scrape back and forth in the front-back and left-right orthogonal directions. This can loosen and peel off the hard oxide layer with strong adhesion on the surface of the forging billet in multiple directions, overcome the problem of insufficient cleaning by scraping in one direction, and prepare for subsequent spraying and rinsing.

[0031] Then, by setting up a scouring mechanism for directional spraying of the medium, the third telescopic cylinder, in conjunction with the reciprocating sleeve and the annular corrugated transmission groove, drives the spray drum to swing back and forth, so that the high-pressure atomizing spray head sprays out the descaling medium to scour the forging billet in all directions. On the basis of mechanically scraping off the loose oxide layer, it further removes oxide scale fragments. Compared with single high-pressure spray descaling, it is more thorough in descaling irregularly shaped tool forging billets with firmly attached oxide layers, avoiding oxide scale embedding into the forging billet matrix and improving the surface cleanliness of the forging billet.

[0032] In addition, the wedge-shaped extrusion block, the settling extrusion plate, and the pressure frame assembly, which are driven by the third telescopic cylinder, reuse the power source of the spraying mechanism without the need for additional drive components. The secondary straightening of the forging billet can be completed simultaneously with the spraying operation. This can push the oxide scale fragments scattered on the table to the collection area to prevent the fragments from scratching the forging billet. Furthermore, the pressure frame can locally press the forging billet again, further improving the surface flatness of the forging billet. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2This is a bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the middle layer fixing frame and its internal structure in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front-mounted scraping mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the structure of the front scraping mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the flushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of the flushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the two-level linkage frame of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Middle layer fixed frame; 3. Support platform; 4. First lifting cylinder;

[0043] 5. Pre-forging and pressing assembly; 51. Active slide; 52. Driven slide; 53. Second lifting cylinder; 54. Pressure plate;

[0044] 6. Front scraping mechanism; 61. Mounting base; 62. Drive screw; 63. First servo motor; 64. Bidirectional rotating shaft; 65. Dual magnetic turntable; 66. Second servo motor; 67. Vertical guide rod; 68. Scraping frame;

[0045] 7. Flushing mechanism; 71. Primary mounting frame; 72. Secondary linkage frame; 73. Spraying drum; 74. Auxiliary drum; 75. Reciprocating sleeve; 76. Transmission plate; 77. Third telescopic cylinder; 78. Guide plate; 79. Wedge-shaped extrusion block; 710. Pressure frame; 711. T-shaped guide rod; 712. Elastic reset component; 713. Settling extrusion plate. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-6An automatic hot forging and pressing equipment for cutting tools includes a frame 1, a middle fixing frame 2 fixedly installed in the middle section of the inner cavity of the frame 1, a support platform 3 vertically slidably installed in the inner cavity of the frame 1 below the middle fixing frame 2, a first lifting cylinder 4 assembled between the bottom of the support platform 3 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the frame 1, the support platform 3 is a hollow cavity structure and has a built-in workpiece vacuum adsorption component, and the surface of the support platform 3 is evenly provided with a number of vacuum adsorption holes;

[0048] The inner cavity of the frame 1 is equipped with a pre-forging and forming component 5, and the inner cavity of the frame 1 is provided with a composite forging billet descaling mechanism on one side of the pre-forging and forming component 5. The composite forging billet descaling mechanism includes a mechanical pre-scraping mechanism 6 that cooperates to complete the descaling operation of the forging billet and a scouring mechanism 7 for directional spraying of media.

[0049] The pre-forging and forming assembly 5 includes an active slide 51, a driven slide 52, a second lifting cylinder 53, and a pressure plate 54. The active slide 51 is slidably engaged in the middle position of the middle fixed frame 2, and the side of the active slide 51 is linked with the composite forging billet descaling mechanism. The driven slide 52 is slidably embedded in the limiting slide groove on the inner side of the top wall of the frame 1, and the second lifting cylinder 53 is provided at the bottom of the driven slide 52. The bottom of the telescopic rod of the second lifting cylinder 53 extends to the bottom of the active slide 51 and is equipped with a pressure plate 54.

[0050] The core working structure of this embodiment is a mechanical front scraping mechanism 6, which includes two sets of mounting seats 61 fixed together, a transmission screw 62, a first servo motor 63, a bidirectional rotating shaft 64, a double magnetic turntable 65, a second servo motor 66, a vertical guide rod 67, and a scraping frame 68. Both sets of mounting seats 61 are slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the middle layer fixed frame 2, and the front and rear sides of the mounting seats 61 are slidably engaged with the inner slide rail of the middle layer fixed frame 2. The rear end of the mounting seat 61 is spirally threaded through and engaged with the transmission screw 62, and the end of the transmission screw 62 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor 63.

[0051] The upper surfaces of the two sets of mounting bases 61 are respectively provided with guide grooves extending perpendicularly to each other. Each set of guide grooves has a bidirectional rotating shaft 64 that rotates vertically inside. The bottom end of the bidirectional rotating shaft 64 is fixedly fitted with a double magnetic turntable 65, and the outer wall of the double magnetic turntable 65 is fixedly spliced ​​with two sets of semi-ring magnetic rings with opposite magnetic poles. The second servo motor 66 is set at the top of the bidirectional rotating shaft 64. The top of the two sets of bidirectional rotating shafts 64 is fixedly installed with transmission wheels, and a synchronous transmission belt is sleeved between the two sets of transmission wheels. The vertical guide rod 67 runs longitudinally through the inside of the guide groove, and the bottom end of the vertical guide rod 67 is fixedly connected to a scraping frame 68. A permanent magnet block is embedded in one side wall of the scraping frame 68.

[0052] The working process of this embodiment includes:

[0053] I. Preparatory Stage:

[0054] A1: Workpiece positioning and adsorption: The tool blank to be hot forged is placed on the platform 3. After the equipment is started, the workpiece vacuum adsorption component works and uses negative pressure to adsorb and fix the tool blank through the vacuum adsorption holes on the platform to prevent the workpiece from shifting or shaking during the scraping operation. At the same time, the first lifting cylinder 4 can drive the platform 3 to lift vertically according to the workpiece specifications, accurately adjust the working height of the blank, and match the working position of the scraping mechanism.

[0055] A2: Overall machine linkage lateral feed: After the workpiece is adsorbed and positioned, the first servo motor 63 drives the transmission screw 62 to rotate, which drives the two sets of fixed mounting seats 61 to slide laterally along the inner slide of the middle fixed frame 2. Since the pre-forging pressing and forming component 5 and the composite forging billet descaling mechanism are integrated and assembled, they move laterally synchronously with the mounting seat 61, so that the pre-forging pressing and forming component 5, the mechanical front scraping mechanism 6, and the media directional spraying flushing mechanism 7 are aligned as a whole to the working area directly above the tool forging billet;

[0056] II. Hot pressing stage:

[0057] After the mechanism is aligned, the pre-forging and forming component 5 is activated first. The second lifting cylinder 53 extends and pushes the pressure plate 54 down to apply initial overall pressure to the tool forging blank that is adsorbed and fixed on the bearing platform 3. This completes the initial regularization, shaping and pre-forming of the forging blank, eliminates workpiece warping and placement deviation, and provides a regular workpiece foundation for subsequent descaling operations.

[0058] III. Post-processing stage (I):

[0059] Mechanical pre-scraping and descaling: After the initial pre-pressing is completed, the pre-forging assembly is slightly lifted and reset. The second servo motor 66 drives two sets of bidirectional rotating shafts 64 and dual magnetic turntables 65 to rotate synchronously through the transmission wheel and synchronous belt. Utilizing the principle of like poles repulsion and unlike poles attraction between the dual magnetic turntables 65 and the permanent magnet blocks inside the scraping frame 68, the vertical guide rods 67 and the scraping frame 68 are driven to move adaptively back and forth. According to the extension direction of the two sets of guide grooves, one set of vertical guide rods 67 pulls the corresponding scraping frame 68 to move back and forth and scrape, while the other set of vertical guide rods 67 pulls the corresponding scraping frame 68 to move left and right back and forth. This forces the two sets of scraping frames 68 to cooperate to scrape the oxide layer on the surface of the tool forging blank from different directions, loosening and removing the firmly attached oxide layer. The remaining oxide scale fragments fall initially around the table surface of the support platform 3, completing the mechanical pre-scraping operation of the oxide layer.

[0060] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 - Figure 7The flushing mechanism 7 includes a primary mounting frame 71, a secondary linkage frame 72, a spray drum 73, an auxiliary drum 74, a reciprocating sleeve 75, a transmission plate 76, and a third telescopic cylinder 77. The primary mounting frame 71 is connected to the adjacent mounting base 61 and the secondary linkage frame 72 by linkage rods. The two sets of spray drums 73 are rotatably embedded in the front and rear sides of the bottom of the primary mounting frame 71. The top of the spray drum 73 is connected to the external medium storage tank through a pressure-resistant hose, and several high-pressure atomizing spray heads are arrayed at the bottom of the spray drum 73.

[0061] Each set of spray drums 73 has an auxiliary drum 74 coaxially fixed on one side, and a reciprocating sleeve 75 is movably sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary drum 74. The spray drum 73 has an annular corrugated transmission groove on the outside. The inner wall of the reciprocating sleeve 75 is fixed with a transmission shaft pin that is adapted to and engages with the annular corrugated transmission groove. The two sets of reciprocating sleeves 75 are mounted on the same side end with a transmission plate 76, and a third telescopic cylinder 77 is assembled between the transmission plate 76 and the side wall of the first-stage mounting frame 71.

[0062] Post-processing stage (II): After the pre-scraping operation is completed, the third telescopic cylinder 77 pushes the transmission plate 76 to move, driving the reciprocating sleeve 75 to move axially along the auxiliary rotating cylinder 74. The transmission shaft pin on the inner wall of the reciprocating sleeve 75 is embedded in the annular corrugated transmission groove on the outer side of the spray rotating cylinder 73. Through the transmission cooperation between the transmission shaft pin and the corrugated groove, the auxiliary rotating cylinder 74 and the spray rotating cylinder 73 are forced to swing and return to center at a certain angle. At the same time, the high-pressure atomizing spray head at the bottom of the spray rotating cylinder 73 sprays high-pressure descaling medium to perform all-round rotational flushing on the surface of the scraped forging blank, thoroughly flushing away the residual oxide scale fragments and ensuring the cleanliness of the forging blank surface. Compared with the single high-pressure spray descaling method, the combined operation of mechanical pressurized fluid flushing is more thorough in descaling tool forging blanks with high oxide layer adhesion strength and irregular shape. It can effectively prevent residual oxide scale from embedding into the surface of the forging blank and greatly improve the surface finish and machining accuracy of the final formed tool.

[0063] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 A guide plate 78 is fixedly mounted on the side of the transmission plate 76 away from the third telescopic cylinder 77. The end of the guide plate 78 extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame 72, and a wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide plate 78. A pressure frame 710 is mounted at the bottom of the secondary linkage frame 72. T-shaped guide rods 711 are fixed at the front and rear of the top of the pressure frame 710. The top of the T-shaped guide rods 711 extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame 72 and is fitted with an elastic reset member 712 on the outside. A settling extrusion plate 713 with a beveled top is fixed at the center of the pressure frame 710. The settling extrusion plate 713 and the wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 are vertically misaligned and matched.

[0064] During the high-pressure spraying operation, as the third telescopic cylinder 77 pushes the transmission plate 76 to perform the high-pressure spraying operation, the guide plate 78 simultaneously pushes the wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 into the secondary linkage frame 72. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 fits and extrudes with the inclined surface of the settling extrusion plate 713, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic reset component 712 to push the pressure frame 710 to move down stably. This process extrudes and concentrates the oxide scale fragments around the descaled forging blank, pushing the fragments scattered around the support table 3 after the pre-scraping process to the preset collection area. This prevents the fragments scattered on the table from scratching the surface of the forging blank during subsequent forging, further ensuring the processing quality of the forming tool. After the stamping is completed, the third telescopic cylinder 77 retracts, and the elastic reset component 712 pushes the pressure frame 710 to automatically reset, preparing for the next operation.

[0065] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 6 - Figure 8 A guide plate 78 is fixedly mounted on the side of the transmission plate 76 away from the third telescopic cylinder 77. The end of the guide plate 78 extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame 72, and a wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide plate 78.

[0066] The bottom of the secondary linkage frame 72 is equipped with a pressure frame 710. T-shaped guide rods 711 are fixed at the front and rear of the top of the pressure frame 710. The top of the T-shaped guide rods 711 extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame 72 and is fitted with an elastic reset member 712 on the outside. A settling and squeezing plate 713 with a beveled top is fixed in the center of the pressure frame 710. The settling and squeezing plate 713 is vertically offset from the wedge-shaped squeezing block 79.

[0067] During the process of the third telescopic cylinder 77 pushing the transmission plate 76 to move, the guide plate 78 simultaneously pushes the wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 into the secondary linkage frame 72. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 fits and presses against the inclined surface of the settling extrusion plate 713, pushing the pressure frame 710 down and performing local secondary stamping on the descaling tool surface again. The tool surface is further stressed and becomes flatter, thereby ensuring the surface processing quality of the formed tool.

[0068] In addition, the present invention also discloses a hot forging method for an automatic hot forging and pressing equipment for cutting tools, comprising the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Workpiece positioning and adsorption: Place the tool forging blank to be processed on the platform 3, start the vacuum adsorption component, and use negative pressure to adsorb and fix the tool forging blank through the vacuum adsorption hole to prevent the workpiece from shifting and shaking during processing. At the same time, adjust the height of the platform 3 through the first lifting cylinder 4 to adapt to the working position of each mechanism.

[0070] Step 2: Machine linkage feed and positioning: The first servo motor 63 drives the transmission screw 62 to rotate, which drives the two sets of mounting seats 61, which are fixed together, to slide laterally along the middle fixed frame 2; the pre-forging pressing and forming component 5 and the composite forging billet descaling mechanism move synchronously with the mounting seat 61 and move as a whole to the top of the tool forging billet to complete the alignment;

[0071] Step 3: Pre-pressing and shaping: After the mechanism is aligned, the second lifting cylinder 53 extends and pushes the pressure plate 54 downward to perform the initial overall pre-pressing and shaping of the tool forging blank, correcting the workpiece warping and placement deviation, and realizing the initial shaping and shaping of the forging blank. Then the pre-forging pressure assembly is slightly raised and reset.

[0072] Step 4: Composite Descaling Operation: After pre-pressing, the second servo motor 66 drives the bidirectional rotating shaft 64 and the double magnetic turntable 65 to rotate via the transmission wheel and synchronous belt. Utilizing the principle of like poles repulsion between the magnetic turntable and the magnetic blocks of the scraping frame 68, the vertical guide rod 67 and the scraping frame 68 are driven to move adaptively back and forth. Since the guide grooves of the two sets of mounting seats 61 are perpendicular to each other, the two sets of scraping frames 68 scrape back and forth and left and right in two directions, respectively, to loosen and peel off the hard oxide layer on the surface of the forging billet, thus completing the mechanical pre-scraping.

[0073] After mechanical scraping is completed, the third telescopic cylinder 77 pushes and pulls the transmission plate 76 to move, driving the reciprocating sleeve 75 to slide along the axis of the auxiliary rotating cylinder 74. With the help of the annular corrugated transmission groove, the spray rotating cylinder 73 is driven to rotate back and forth. The high-pressure atomizing spray head sprays out the descaling medium to rotate and scour the surface of the forging billet in all directions, thoroughly removing residual oxide scale fragments.

[0074] During the spraying operation, the transmission plate 76 drives the guide plate 78 and the wedge-shaped extrusion block 79 to move forward. Through the inclined extrusion and settling extrusion plate 713, the pressure frame 710 is pushed to overcome the elastic force of the elastic reset piece 712 and move downward, locally pressing and tidying the forging billet, and pushing the scattered oxide scale fragments on the table to the collection area to avoid impurities affecting the forging quality. After the operation is completed, the third telescopic cylinder 77 retracts, the pressure frame 710 is elastically reset, and the composite descaling process is completed.

[0075] Step 5: Final forging and unloading: After the composite descaling is completed, the first lifting cylinder 4 lifts the bearing platform 3 to the final forging station, so that the clean forging blank is aligned with the forging station; the second lifting cylinder 53 drives the pressure plate 54 to press down, and the final forging is completed according to the preset pressure. After the forging is completed, the pressure plate 54 is lifted and reset, the vacuum adsorption is turned off, the forming tool blank is taken out, and the single automated hot forging process is completed.

[0076] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools, characterized in that: Includes a frame (1), a middle layer fixing frame (2) is fixedly installed in the middle section of the inner cavity of the frame (1), and a bearing platform (3) is vertically slidably installed in the inner cavity of the frame (1) below the middle layer fixing frame (2); The bottom of the support platform (3) is fitted with a first lifting cylinder (4) between the bottom of the support platform (3) and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the frame (1). The support platform (3) is a hollow cavity structure with a built-in workpiece vacuum adsorption component, and the support platform (3) has a number of vacuum adsorption holes evenly opened on the surface. The frame (1) is equipped with a pre-forging and forming component (5) in the middle section of its inner cavity, and a composite forging billet descaling mechanism is provided on one side of the pre-forging and forming component (5) in the inner cavity of the frame (1). The composite forging billet descaling mechanism includes a mechanical pre-scraping mechanism (6) that cooperates to complete the descaling operation of the forging billet and a scouring mechanism (7) for directional spraying of the medium. The pre-forging and pressing assembly (5) includes an active slide (51), a driven slide (52), a second lifting cylinder (53), and a pressure plate (54). The front scraping mechanism (6) includes two sets of mounting bases (61) fixed together, a transmission screw (62), a first servo motor (63), a bidirectional rotating shaft (64), a double magnetic turntable (65), a second servo motor (66), a vertical guide rod (67), and a scraping frame (68). The flushing mechanism (7) includes a primary mounting frame (71), a secondary linkage frame (72), a spray drum (73), an auxiliary drum (74), a reciprocating sleeve (75), a transmission plate (76), and a third telescopic cylinder (77).

2. The automatic hot forging and pressing equipment for cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active slide (51) is slidably engaged in the middle position of the middle fixed frame (2), and the side of the active slide (51) is linked with the composite forging billet descaling mechanism. The driven slide (52) is slidably embedded in the limiting slide groove on the inner side of the top wall of the frame (1), and a second lifting cylinder (53) is provided at the bottom of the driven slide (52). The bottom of the telescopic rod of the second lifting cylinder (53) extends to the bottom of the active slide (51) and is equipped with a pressure plate (54).

3. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sets of mounting seats (61) are slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the middle layer fixed frame (2), and the front and rear sides of the mounting seats (61) are slidably engaged with the inner slide rail of the middle layer fixed frame (2). The rear end of the mounting seat (61) is spirally engaged with the transmission screw (62), and the end of the transmission screw (62) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor (63).

4. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper surfaces of the two sets of mounting bases (61) are respectively provided with guide grooves that extend perpendicularly to each other. Each set of guide grooves has a bidirectional rotating shaft (64) that rotates vertically inside. The bottom end of the bidirectional rotating shaft (64) is fixedly fitted with a double magnetic turntable (65), and the outer wall of the double magnetic turntable (65) is fixedly spliced ​​with two sets of semi-ring magnetic rings with opposite magnetic poles. The second servo motor (66) is set at the top of the bidirectional rotating shaft (64). The top of the two sets of bidirectional rotating shafts (64) is fixedly installed with a transmission wheel, and a synchronous transmission belt is sleeved between the two sets of transmission wheels.

5. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical guide rod (67) runs longitudinally through the inside of the guide groove, and a scraping frame (68) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical guide rod (67). A permanent magnet block is embedded in one side wall of the scraping frame (68).

6. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary mounting frame (71) is connected to the adjacent mounting base (61) and the secondary linkage frame (72) by linkage rods. The two sets of spray drums (73) are respectively rotatably embedded in the front and rear sides of the bottom of the primary mounting frame (71). The top of the spray drum (73) is connected to the external medium storage tank through a pressure-resistant hose, and several high-pressure atomizing spray heads are arrayed at the bottom of the spray drum (73).

7. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each set of spray drums (73) has an auxiliary drum (74) coaxially fixed on one side, and a reciprocating sleeve (75) is movably sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary drum (74). The spray drum (73) has an annular corrugated transmission groove on the outside. The reciprocating sleeve (75) has a transmission shaft pin that is adapted to and engages with the annular corrugated transmission groove on the inner wall. The two sets of reciprocating sleeves (75) have a transmission plate (76) installed on the same side end. A third telescopic cylinder (77) is assembled between the transmission plate (76) and the side wall of the first-stage mounting frame (71).

8. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 7, characterized in that, A guide plate (78) is fixedly mounted on the side of the transmission plate (76) away from the third telescopic cylinder (77). The end of the guide plate (78) extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame (72), and a wedge-shaped extrusion block (79) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide plate (78).

9. An automatic hot forging and pressing device for cutting tools according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the secondary linkage frame (72) is equipped with a pressure frame (710). T-shaped guide rods (711) are fixed at the front and rear of the top of the pressure frame (710). The top of the T-shaped guide rods (711) extends into the interior of the secondary linkage frame (72) and is fitted with an elastic reset member (712) on the outside. A settling extrusion plate (713) with a beveled top is fixed at the center of the pressure frame (710). The settling extrusion plate (713) is vertically misaligned with the wedge-shaped extrusion block (79).

10. A hot forging method for an automatic hot forging and pressing equipment for cutting tools according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Workpiece positioning and mechanism alignment: Place the tool forging blank on the support platform (3), fix the workpiece by vacuum adsorption, and move each working mechanism laterally to align the pre-forging pressing assembly (5) and the composite forging blank descaling mechanism to the workpiece working area. Step 2: Initial pre-pressing and shaping: The pre-forging and forming component (5) is pressed downward to perform initial forging and shaping of the tool blank, correcting the workpiece deformation and placement deviation. Then the component is slightly raised and reset. Step 3: Mechanical scraping and descaling: The scraping frame (68) is driven to move back and forth adaptively by magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction to scrape and clean the oxide scale and sintering impurities on the surface of the pre-pressed workpiece. Step 4: Spraying and rinsing protection: The spray drum (73) rotates and atomizes the spray medium to rinse away the residual slag on the workpiece surface, while forming a lubricating and demolding protective layer on the workpiece surface to complete the composite descaling operation; Step 5: Clamping and positioning and secondary precision forging: By using wedge extrusion in conjunction with the downward movement of the driving pressure frame (710) and applying pressure again, the tool forging blank is precisely hot-forged and formed; Step Six: Machine Reset and Discharge: All mechanisms are reset in sequence to release the workpiece adsorption limit and complete a single automatic hot forging operation of the tool.

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