An arrayed lock release device for unmanned aerial vehicle delivery of intelligence gathering devices

Abstract

The application discloses an array type locking release device for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) information collection device, and belongs to the technical field of UAV load release and mechanical release. In view of the problems of complex structure, large weight, complicated control and the like of the existing multi-target release device which needs to be configured with multiple actuators, the application adopts a central driving, multi-stage mechanical force transmission and double-side synchronous locking structure, and comprises a central driving mechanism, a mechanical force transmission mechanism and multiple array type locking release units. Through power transmission of a cam, a driven push rod, a linkage traction horizontal shaft, a universal hinge assembly and an unlocking linkage shaft, double-side rotary locking pieces of each release unit are synchronously opened, and sequential release of loads is realized. The application has the advantages of compact structure, simple control, reliable release and convenient maintenance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drone delivery technology, and particularly relates to an array-type locking mechanism suitable for drone delivery information collectors. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of UAV technology, its advantages such as maneuverability, rapid deployment, wide operating range, and strong environmental adaptability have led to its widespread application in earthquake rescue, battlefield reconnaissance, forest fire prevention, nuclear radiation area detection, and information gathering in complex environments such as high mountains, deserts, and virgin forests. In these applications, UAVs typically carry multiple miniature information collectors and deploy them to different target areas according to mission requirements to achieve multi-point, multi-area information acquisition. Especially in tasks such as large-scale environmental monitoring, rapid disaster site reconnaissance, and battlefield situational awareness, continuous and precise payload delivery to multiple target locations is often necessary to improve information gathering efficiency and mission execution capabilities. Therefore, for multi-target information gathering tasks, UAV delivery devices not only need reliable payload carrying and release capabilities but also need to meet requirements such as arrayed layout, independent release, compact structure, and lightweight design.

[0003] Currently, delivery devices for drones mainly employ electromagnetic locks, servo motors, electric actuators, or independent drive mechanisms to control the release unit and complete the locking and unlocking actions. Existing technologies control the delivery process through electrical actuators, offering advantages such as mature structural forms, flexible control methods, and the ability to release individual payloads independently, thus meeting some drone payload delivery needs. For example, patent CN221969730U discloses a drone delivery device that improves the drone's ability to perform multi-target delivery tasks by setting multiple delivery units. However, as the number of delivery units increases, multiple corresponding actuators and control units are required, increasing the number of drive mechanisms, control lines, and control logic, leading to increased system complexity and hindering the miniaturization and lightweight design of the drone platform. Patent CN106335640A discloses a drone delivery mechanism that reliably clamps and releases targets, featuring a simple structure and reliable release. However, this mechanism is primarily designed for single targets; when applied to the independent delivery of multiple targets, multiple independent release mechanisms are needed, resulting in overall structural redundancy and increased manufacturing and maintenance costs. Patent CN112061397A discloses a drone delivery device that achieves load release control through multiple transmission components, exhibiting good operational flexibility. However, as the number of release units increases, the number of transmission links further increases, and the coordination errors between various kinematic pairs are prone to accumulate, which may affect the consistency and reliability of the release action after long-term operation.

[0004] Therefore, while existing UAV multi-target delivery devices can meet certain payload release requirements, they still suffer from problems such as a large number of drive units, complex system integration, and insufficient consistency in multi-unit release, making it difficult to meet the requirements of UAV multi-target, high-reliability delivery missions. Therefore, it is necessary to design an array-type locking and releasing device with a compact structure, a small number of drive units, and the ability to release multiple payloads independently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the aforementioned background technology, this invention discloses an array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This device comprises an array-type locking and releasing mechanism combining central drive, multi-stage mechanical force transmission, and dual-sided synchronous locking. The mechanism uses a central drive cam as the sole power source, sequentially driving each release unit through a mechanical force transmission chain, and utilizes the dual-sided synchronous locking mechanism to achieve stable load release. Compared to existing multi-actuator drive schemes, this invention has advantages such as fewer drive sources, higher mechanical coupling, better release consistency, compact structure, and convenient array expansion.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles, comprising a top mount, a frame support column, a limiting guide sleeve, a locking unit mounting base plate, a drive cam disk, a main drive shaft, a stepper motor, and several locking and releasing units.

[0007] The locking and releasing unit includes a guide housing, a cam driven push rod, a linkage traction horizontal shaft, an unlocking linkage shaft, a rotary locking component, a universal hinge linkage assembly, and a load-bearing sleeve.

[0008] The top mounting base is fixedly connected to the locking unit mounting base via a frame support column; the top mounting base has a through hole in the center, and a stepper motor is fixed to the upper surface of the top mounting base; the drive shaft of the stepper motor passes through the through hole of the top mounting base and is connected to the top end of the main drive shaft via a coupling; the bottom end of the main drive shaft is fixedly connected to the drive cam disk via a key, and the lower end face of the cam disk is axially positioned by a shoulder and the upper end face by a snap ring;

[0009] The locking and releasing units are arranged in a 2 × 2 array on the locking unit mounting base. In the locking and releasing unit, the top of the guide housing has a flange, which is fixed to the locking unit mounting base by bolts. The cam driven push rod is inserted into the limiting guide sleeve. The top of the cam driven push rod extends out of the limiting guide sleeve and contacts the drive cam disk through a roller. The roller is fixed to the top of the cam driven push rod by a pin. The cam driven push rod moves vertically in the limiting guide sleeve as the drive cam disk rotates. The bottom of the cam driven push rod has a through hole. The linkage traction horizontal shaft passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the cam driven push rod. The bottom of the cam driven push rod has an anti-disengagement positioning hole. The through hole and the anti-disengagement positioning hole are aligned on the axis. The corresponding position on the linkage traction horizontal shaft also has an anti-disengagement positioning hole. The set screw passes through the anti-disengagement positioning hole to fix the cam driven push rod and the linkage traction horizontal shaft.

[0010] The two unlocking linkage shafts axially and horizontally penetrate the symmetrical double-ear brackets on both sides of the guide housing. The rotating locking component is installed in the middle of the double-ear brackets on both sides. The double-ear brackets have through holes, and the rotating locking component has a rotation fulcrum hole, both of which are penetrated by the two unlocking linkage shafts. The rotating locking component is angled, and an anti-disengagement positioning hole is provided on the other side. The axis of the rotation fulcrum hole intersects with that of the anti-disengagement positioning hole. The set screw passes through the anti-disengagement positioning hole and the corresponding hole on the unlocking linkage shaft to achieve a rigid fixed connection. The inner side of the angle of the rotating locking component is provided with a hanging ear. A hanging spring is connected between the hanging ear and the pre-set hanging ear on the guide housing to provide pre-tightening force when locking. Under the preload of the spring, the front ends of the rotating locking parts on both sides always tend to converge inward. A universal joint linkage assembly is installed at the other end of the unlocking linkage shaft. This assembly consists of a drive universal joint and a driven universal joint seat, which are fixedly connected by bolts and lock nuts. The driven universal joint seat has a through hole and an anti-disengagement positioning hole, whose axes intersect. The unlocking linkage shaft passes through the through hole. One end of the unlocking linkage shaft that contacts the driven universal joint seat has a shoulder, and the other end has a retaining spring for axial positioning. A set screw passes through the anti-disengagement positioning hole of the driven universal joint seat and the corresponding hole on the unlocking linkage shaft to achieve circumferential positioning. A horizontal shaft through hole is provided at the end of the drive universal joint away from the unlocking linkage shaft, and the two ends of the linkage traction horizontal shaft are inserted into this hole.

[0011] The information collector is placed on the top of the load-bearing sleeve and inserted into the opening at the bottom of the guide housing. The side of the load-bearing sleeve is provided with a locking hole. The front end of the rotating locking member passes through the hole to lock and constrain the load-bearing sleeve in the guide housing. The upper part of the load-bearing sleeve is provided with three collector mounting cavities of the same shape and evenly distributed.

[0012] When the stepper motor drives the drive cam disk to rotate, the raised track area of ​​the drive cam disk pushes the cam driven push rod to move downward. The cam driven push rod drives the linkage traction horizontal shaft to move downward. The linkage traction horizontal shaft drives the universal joint linkage component to rotate. The universal joint linkage component drives the unlocking linkage shaft to rotate. The unlocking linkage shaft pulls the rotating locking parts on both sides to open outward, so that the front end of the rotating locking part exits the hole of the load-bearing sleeve. The load-bearing sleeve and the internal information collector are separated from the guide housing under the action of gravity, realizing array-type release and unlocking.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) By combining central drive with mechanical transmission chain, only one drive mechanism is needed to release multiple release units in sequence, reducing the complexity of the drive system;

[0015] (2) Power sequence distribution is achieved through mechanical power transmission chain, which improves the consistency of motion of each release unit and reduces cumulative error;

[0016] (3) The double-sided synchronous locking structure is adopted to make the load release process balanced and reduce the risk of off-center loading and jamming;

[0017] (4) The release unit adopts a modular array arrangement, which can expand the number of arrays according to task requirements without changing the overall driving principle;

[0018] (5) The central drive, mechanical force transmission and synchronous locking work together to improve the system reliability and environmental adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 Front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Axonometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Front view of the locking / releasing unit of the present invention in the locking state;

[0022] Figure 4 Axonometric view of the release state of the locking and releasing unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A diagram of the locking and releasing unit housing of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A diagram of the universal hinge linkage assembly of the locking and releasing unit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A diagram of the rotating locking element of the locking and releasing unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 The load-bearing sleeve diagram of the locking and releasing unit of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1 Stepper motor, 2 Top mount, 3 Coupling, 4 Main drive shaft, 5 Drive cam disc, 6 Frame support column, 7 Limiting guide sleeve, 8 Locking unit mounting base, 9 Locking release unit, 9-1 Roller, 9-2 Cam driven push rod, 9-3 Guide housing, 9-3-1 Double ear bracket, 9-3-2 Hanging ear, 9-4 Universal hinge linkage assembly, 9-4-1 Horizontal shaft through hole, 9-4-2 Transmission universal hinge Connector, 9-4-3 driven universal joint seat, 9-4-4 anti-detachment positioning hole, 9-4-5 through hole, 9-5 linkage traction horizontal shaft, 9-6 hanging spring, 9-7 rotating locking part, 9-7-1 anti-detachment positioning hole, 9-7-2 rotating fulcrum hole, 9-7-3 hanging ear, 9-7-4 locking snap part, 9-8 load bearing sleeve, 9-8-1 locking mating hole, 9-8-2 collector mounting cavity, 9-9 unlocking linkage shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] This invention specifically relates to an array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering equipment using a drone. Its overall structure includes a top mounting base 2, a frame support column 6, a limiting guide sleeve 7, a locking unit mounting base 8, a drive cam disk 5, a main drive shaft 4, a stepper motor 1, a coupling 3, and four locking and releasing units 9. The four locking and releasing units 9 are fixed to the locking unit mounting base 8 in a 2×2 array. Each locking and releasing unit 9 mainly consists of a guide housing 9-3, a cam driven push rod 9-2, a linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5, an unlocking linkage shaft 9-9, a rotary locking component 9-7, a universal hinge linkage assembly 9-4, and a load-bearing sleeve 9-8.

[0030] As attached Figure 1 , 2As shown, the top mount 2 is a rectangular flat plate structure made of aluminum alloy, with a length and width of 220 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. The entire device is mounted under the drone body. A 15 mm diameter through hole is located in the center of the top mount 2 for the drive shaft of the stepper motor 1 to pass through. The stepper motor 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the top mount 2 with screws. Its drive shaft passes through the central through hole of the top mount 2 and is connected to the upper end of the main drive shaft 4 via a coupling 3. The main drive shaft 4 is a solid cylindrical shaft made of stainless steel, with a length of 60 mm. Its lower end is fixedly connected to the drive cam disk 5 via a flat key. The drive cam disk 5 is a disc-shaped structure made of aluminum alloy, with a diameter of 140 mm and a thickness of 15 mm. The lower end surface of the drive cam disk 5 has a raised track area and a gentle track area. The raised track area has a thickness of 5 mm and a raised section along the circumference with an angle span of 90°. The lower end face of the drive cam disk 5 is axially positioned by a shoulder and the upper end face by a snap ring.

[0031] The top mount 2 and the locking unit mounting base 8 are fixedly connected by two frame support columns 6. The frame support columns 6 are rectangular strip structures made of aluminum alloy, with a length of 130 mm, a width of 25 mm, and a thickness of 8 mm. They are fixedly connected to the top mount 2 and the locking unit mounting base 8 respectively using screws. The locking unit mounting base 8 is a rectangular flat plate structure made of aluminum alloy, with a length and width of 220 mm and a thickness of 8 mm. It has four mounting through holes arranged in a 2×2 array, each with a diameter of 63 mm, for fixing the locking release unit 9. There are also four through holes with a diameter of 20 mm for fixing the limiting guide sleeve 7.

[0032] As attached Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the guide housing 9-3 of each locking and releasing unit 9 has an overall cylindrical cavity structure, is made of aluminum alloy, has an outer diameter of 60 mm, a height of 80 mm, and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The top of the guide housing 9-3 has a flange, which is rectangular, with a length and width of 70 mm and a thickness of 5 mm. It is fixed to the locking unit mounting base plate 8 by four bolts. The limiting guide sleeve 7 has a cylindrical structure, is made of stainless steel, has an outer diameter of 20 mm, an inner diameter of 18 mm, and a height of 60 mm. The limiting guide sleeve 7 has two symmetrical bosses in the middle, and the bosses have threaded holes. The limiting guide sleeve 7 is fixed to the locking unit mounting base plate 8 by two bolts.

[0033] The cam follower push rod 9-2 is a stepped cylindrical rod structure made of stainless steel. Its upper diameter is 17 mm, its lower diameter is 20 mm, and its total height is 120 mm. It is inserted inside the limiting guide sleeve 7 and can move vertically up and down. The upper end of the cam follower push rod 9-2 extends out of the limiting guide sleeve 7. A groove is formed at the upper end of the cam follower push rod 9-2, and a roller 9-1 is mounted in the groove via a pin, maintaining rolling contact with the lower end face of the drive cam disk 5. The lower end of the cam follower push rod 9-2 has a transverse through-hole with a diameter of 6 mm. The linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5 passes through this through-hole. The linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5 is a cylindrical rod made of stainless steel, with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 58 mm. Both ends extend to the sides and are fixedly connected to the cam follower push rod 9-2 by set screws.

[0034] The guide housing 9-3 has symmetrically arranged double-ear brackets 9-3-1 on both side walls. The double-ear brackets 9-3-1 and the guide housing 9-3 are integrally formed, made of aluminum alloy, with a thickness of 6 mm and an extension length of 15 mm. Each double-ear bracket 9-3-1 has a through hole with a diameter of 6 mm for installing the unlocking linkage shafts 9-9. The two unlocking linkage shafts 9-9 are stepped cylindrical rod structures made of stainless steel, and are divided into a first shaft section, a second shaft section, and a third shaft section along the axial direction. The first shaft segment is the largest diameter segment, with a diameter of 8 mm and an axial length of 3 mm. Its outer side forms a stepped limit with the outer end face of the double-ear bracket 9-3-1, used to constrain the axial movement of the unlocking linkage shaft 9-9. The second shaft segment is the middle segment, with a diameter of 6 mm and an axial length of 45 mm. This segment horizontally penetrates the through hole of the double-ear bracket 9-3-1, forming a rotational fit. The third shaft segment is the smallest diameter segment, with a diameter of 5 mm and an axial length of 20 mm. This segment is used to pass through and fix the universal joint linkage assembly 9-4, achieving circumferential fixation through a set screw. An annular retaining spring groove is provided at the end of this segment for installing the shaft retaining spring and shaft shoulder, simultaneously achieving axial positioning. Each unlocking linkage shaft 9-9 is fixedly installed with a rotary locking component 9-7. The rotary locking component 9-7 is located in the middle of the double-ear bracket 9-3-1, is angled, made of aluminum alloy, and has an overall thickness of 6 mm. The rotary locking component 9-7 has a rotary fulcrum hole 9-7-2 with a diameter of 6 mm. The unlocking linkage shaft 9-9 passes through the rotary fulcrum hole 9-7-2 of the rotary locking component 9-7, and is rigidly fixed to the unlocking linkage shaft 9-9 by a set screw passing through the anti-disengagement positioning hole 9-7-1 on the rotary locking component 9-7. The front end of the rotary locking component 9-7 is a locking engagement part 9-7-4, which is 6 mm wide and 15 mm long. The inner side of the bend of the rotary locking component 9-7 is provided with a lug 9-7-3, and the guide housing 9-3 is provided with a corresponding lug 9-3-2. The two ends of the spring 9-6 are respectively hooked onto the two lugs. The spring 9-6 is made of spring steel. Under the preload of the spring 9-6, the front ends of the rotary locking components 9-7 on both sides always tend to converge towards the middle.

[0035] As attached Figure 3 , 6As shown, the two ends of the linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5 are respectively connected to universal joint linkage components 9-4. Universal joint linkage components 9-4 consist of a drive universal joint 9-4-2 and a driven universal joint seat 9-4-3, both made of aluminum alloy, and are fixedly connected by bolts and lock nuts to form a universal transmission structure. One end of the drive universal joint 9-4-2 has a horizontal shaft through hole 9-4-1 with a diameter of 6 mm, into which the end of the linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5 is inserted. The driven universal joint seat 9-4-3 has a through hole 9-4-5 with a diameter of 5 mm, through which the unlocking linkage shaft 9-9 passes. Axial positioning is achieved by a shoulder and a retaining spring, while circumferential fixation is achieved by a set screw passing through the anti-disengagement positioning hole 9-4-4 and corresponding to the hole on the unlocking linkage shaft 9-9.

[0036] As attached Figure 8 As shown, the load-bearing sleeve 9-8 is a hollow cylinder with an open top, made of aluminum alloy. Its outer diameter is 55 mm, inner diameter is 51 mm, height is 60 mm, and wall thickness is 2 mm. Its inner cavity forms the collector mounting cavity to accommodate the information collector. The upper half of the load-bearing sleeve 9-8 has three evenly distributed rectangular load windows 9-8-2. The outer wall of the load-bearing sleeve 9-8 has two symmetrically distributed locking holes 9-8-1 at the same height, with a diameter of 6.5 mm. The load-bearing sleeve 9-8 is inserted upwards from the bottom opening of the guide housing 9-3. In the locked state, the locking engagement part 9-7-4 of the rotating locking member 9-7 passes through the locking holes 9-8-1, firmly securing the load-bearing sleeve 9-8 inside the guide housing 9-3.

[0037] The specific working process and control method of this invention are as follows:

[0038] Initial locking state: Stepper motor 1 is not powered on, drive cam disk 5 is in the initial zero position, its smooth trajectory area is in contact with the rollers 9-1 of all locking and releasing units 9, and each cam driven push rod 9-2 is in the highest position. Each hanging spring 9-6 provides preload force, causing the locking engagement part 9-7-4 of the rotating locking member 9-7 to pass into the locking mating hole 9-8-1 of the corresponding load-bearing sleeve 9-8, and all load-bearing sleeves 9-8 are reliably locked.

[0039] Single release action: When the UAV flies to the first target drop location, the onboard controller sends a start pulse signal to the stepper motor 1 based on GPS or preset flight path information, controlling the stepper motor 1 to rotate precisely 90°. The drive shaft of the stepper motor 1 drives the drive cam disk 5 to rotate synchronously 90° through the coupling 3 and the main drive shaft 4. The raised track area of ​​the drive cam disk 5 rotates to the position of the roller 9-1 of the first locking release unit 9, pushing the cam driven push rod 9-2 to move downward along the limit guide sleeve 7. The cam driven push rod 9-2 drives the linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5 to move downward. The linkage traction horizontal shaft 9-5 converts the vertical motion into the rotational motion of the unlocking linkage shaft 9-9 through the universal joint linkage assembly 9-4. The unlocking linkage shaft 9-9 pulls the two rotating locking parts 9-7 outward, causing the locking engagement part 9-7-4 to disengage from the locking mating hole 9-8-1 of the load-bearing sleeve 9-8. The load-bearing sleeve 9-8 and the information collector inside it detach from the guide housing 9-3 under the action of gravity, completing the deployment of the information collector at that location. The width of the raised track area of ​​the drive cam disk 5 is 90°. After rotating 90°, the raised section leaves the roller, and the roller enters the flat area. The cam driven push rod 9-2 returns to the highest position under the reset action of the hanging spring 9-6, and the rotary locking part 9-7 closes again. However, since the load-bearing sleeve 9-8 has fallen off, it no longer produces a locking effect.

[0040] Multi-point sequential deployment: When the UAV flies to the second target deployment location, the controller sends a start pulse to stepper motor 1 again. Stepper motor 1 continues to rotate 90° (cumulative rotation 180°), driving the raised track area of ​​cam disk 5 to contact the roller 9-1 of the second locking and releasing unit 9, pushing the unit to perform the release action, completing the deployment of the second data collector. Similarly, at the third and fourth target locations, the controller controls stepper motor 1 to rotate another 90° (cumulative 270° and 360°), respectively, driving the third and fourth locking and releasing units 9 to release sequentially. Throughout the process, the rotation of stepper motor 1 is completely controlled in real time by the onboard controller according to the flight position. The interval between each 90° rotation can be flexibly set according to the UAV's flight speed and the distance between each target location, thereby achieving precise deployment at different locations and at different times. If multiple data collectors need to be released simultaneously, the controller can control the stepper motor 1 to rotate multiple 90° (e.g., 180° or 270°) at once, driving the corresponding multiple locking and releasing units to release sequentially, or make the stepper motor 1 rotate continuously and rapidly to achieve the continuous delivery of multiple loads.

[0041] Reset and Reloading: After all data collectors have been deployed, stepper motor 1 stops working, and the drive cam disk 5 remains in its final position. For reloading, a new load-bearing sleeve 9-8 can be inserted into each guide housing 9-3. At this time, the rotating locking member 9-7 must be manually or with external tools opened to overcome the preload force of the hanging spring 9-6. After inserting the load-bearing sleeve 9-8, it is released, and the rotating locking member 9-7 automatically inserts into the locking hole 9-8-1 under the action of the hanging spring 9-6, completing the relocking. Then, stepper motor 1 can be controlled to reverse and reset to the initial zero position, or the motor can be controlled to rotate one revolution forward to return to the zero position, preparing for the next deployment task.

[0042] The array-type locking and releasing device of this invention uses a single stepper motor to drive a cam disk, sequentially driving four locking and releasing units in 90° steps, achieving independent deployment control at different locations and times. Its symmetrical locking structure with dual rotating locking components ensures balanced force on the load-bearing sleeve, the preload of the hanging spring provides reliable locking reliability, and the universal hinge linkage reduces accumulated errors in the kinematic pairs. The release action is rapid and consistent. The entire system requires no complex multi-path electrical control circuitry, is compact and lightweight, suitable for mounting on UAV platforms, and can be widely used in multi-target deployment scenarios such as emergency rescue, battlefield reconnaissance, and environmental monitoring.

Claims

1. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles, characterized in that: It includes a top mounting base (2), a frame support column (6), a limit guide sleeve (7), a locking unit mounting base plate (8), a drive cam disk (5), a main drive shaft (4), a stepper motor (1), and several locking and releasing units (9); The locking and releasing unit (9) includes a guide housing (9-3), a cam driven push rod (9-2), a linkage traction horizontal shaft (9-5), an unlocking linkage shaft (9-9), a rotary locking component (9-7), a universal hinge linkage assembly (9-4), and a load-bearing sleeve (9-8). The top mount (2) is fixedly connected to the locking unit mounting base plate (8) via the frame support column (6); the stepper motor (1) is fixed on the upper surface of the top mount (2), and its drive shaft is connected to the top end of the main drive shaft (4) via the coupling (3); the bottom end of the main drive shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the drive cam disk (5); The locking and releasing unit (9) is arranged on the locking unit mounting base plate (8) in an array; the top of the guide housing (9-3) is fixed to the locking unit mounting base plate (8); the cam driven push rod (9-2) is inserted into the limiting guide sleeve (7), and its top end contacts the driving cam disk (5) through the roller (9-1), and moves vertically in the limiting guide sleeve (7) as the driving cam disk (5) rotates; the bottom of the cam driven push rod (9-2) is fixedly connected to the linkage traction horizontal shaft (9-5); The two unlocking linkage shafts (9-9) horizontally pass through the double-ear bracket (9-3-1) and the rotating locking component (9-7) on both sides of the guide housing, respectively. The rotating locking component (9-7) is provided with a hanging ear (9-7-3), and the guide housing (9-3) is provided with a hanging ear (9-3-2). A hanging spring (9-6) is connected between the two hanging ears. One end of the unlocking linkage shaft (9-9) is equipped with a universal hinge linkage assembly (9-4), and the universal hinge linkage assembly (9-4) is connected to the linkage traction horizontal shaft (9-5). The data collector is placed in the collector mounting cavity (9-8-2) of the upper half of the load-bearing sleeve (9-8) and inserted into the opening at the bottom of the guide housing (9-3). A locking hole (9-8-1) is provided on the side of the load-bearing sleeve (9-8). The front end of the rotating locking member (9-7) passes through the hole to lock and constrain the load-bearing sleeve (9-8) inside the guide housing (9-3). When the stepper motor (1) drives the drive cam disk (5) to rotate, the raised track area of ​​the drive cam disk (5) pushes the cam driven push rod (9-2) to move downward. The cam driven push rod (9-2) drives the unlocking linkage shaft (9-9) to rotate through the linkage traction horizontal shaft (9-5) and the universal hinge linkage assembly (9-4). The unlocking linkage shaft (9-9) pulls the rotating locking piece (9-7) to open outward, so that the front end of the rotating locking piece (9-7) exits the locking engagement hole (9-8-1) of the load bearing sleeve (9-8). The load bearing sleeve (9-8) and the internal information collector are separated from the guide housing (9-3) under the action of gravity, realizing the release and unlocking.

2. The array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking and releasing units (9) are arranged in a 2×2 array.

3. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two rotating locking parts (9-7), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide housing (9-3). Under the preload of the hanging spring (9-6), the front ends of the two rotating locking parts (9-7) always tend to converge inward.

4. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating locking member (9-7) is angled and has a rotating fulcrum hole (9-7-2). The unlocking linkage shaft (9-9) passes through the rotating fulcrum hole (9-7-2) and is fixedly connected to the rotating locking member (9-7).

5. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the load-bearing sleeve (9-8) is provided with three evenly distributed collector mounting cavities (9-8-2), and the side of the load-bearing sleeve (9-8) is provided with two locking mating holes (9-8-1) located at the same height and symmetrically distributed at 180°.

6. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint linkage assembly (9-4) consists of a drive universal joint (9-4-2) and a driven universal joint seat (9-4-3). The drive universal joint (9-4-2) and the driven universal joint seat (9-4-3) are connected by bolts and lock nuts. One end of the drive universal joint (9-4-2) is provided with a horizontal shaft through hole (9-4-1), and the end of the linkage traction horizontal shaft (9-5) is inserted into the horizontal shaft through hole (9-4-1). The driven universal joint seat (9-4-3) is fixedly connected to the unlocking linkage shaft (9-9).

7. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The top end of the cam driven push rod (9-2) is provided with a groove, and the roller (9-1) is installed in the groove by a pin. The roller (9-1) maintains rolling contact with the lower end face of the drive cam disk (5).

8. An array-type locking and releasing device for deploying intelligence gathering devices by unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that... The bottom of the cam driven push rod (9-2) is provided with a through hole and an anti-disengagement positioning hole. The linkage traction horizontal shaft (9-5) passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the cam driven push rod (9-2) through the anti-disengagement positioning hole via a set screw.

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