A kind of high-efficiency trapping device for fine particulate matter of environmental sanitation sweeper using air flow circulation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-efficiency trapping device for fine particulate matter of environmental sanitation sweeper using air flow circulation, and to the technical field of intelligent cleaning equipment.The device includes a main body capable of autonomous movement, and a fine particulate matter trapping unit is provided in the main body, which includes a first main cavity and a secondary cavity provided in the first main cavity and communicating with the first main cavity.The first main cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and a spray head connected to a water source is provided between the lower cavity and the upper cavity and forms a mist wall under the action of negative pressure.Small particle dust entering the lower cavity after being filtered by the secondary cavity enters the lower cavity and is intercepted and settled by the mist wall.The present application realizes the efficient trapping of fine particulate matter and the collaborative reduction of the load of the purification system through the spatial coupling of the built-in secondary cavity, the layered upper and lower cavities and the interface of the mist wall, while having three working modes and intelligent control functions based on air outlet quality feedback, effectively prolonging the service life of the purification element and maintaining a high purification efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent cleaning equipment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency fine particulate matter collection device for sanitation sweepers that utilizes airflow circulation, which is particularly suitable for large indoor venues with high population density, relatively enclosed spaces, and flat ground, such as high-speed rail stations, train stations, airports, and museums. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing demands for public environmental sanitation, these places not only require efficient floor cleaning to remove dust and particulate matter, but also need to purify increasingly polluted indoor air to ensure the health and comfort of people. Therefore, in recent years, intelligent cleaning equipment that integrates floor cleaning and air purification functions has gradually become a research hotspot and development direction in this field.

[0003] Currently, various sweeping devices combining the above functions have been proposed. For example, intelligent indoor cleaning devices with air purification and disinfection functions achieve air purification by spraying atomized liquid into the room while sweeping; sweeping robots with air purification functions integrate filter frames and multiple filter layers into the robot body, enabling the device to filter and purify the air it draws in while cleaning the floor; and sweeping robots with space disinfection, deodorization, and dust removal functions use electrostatically charged water mist to disinfect and remove dust from indoor air. Meanwhile, technical solutions for using water mist to assist in dust treatment during vacuuming have also been publicly reported. For example, a water mist spraying device is installed in the filter box, allowing the water mist to mix with the unfiltered air and particulate matter drawn in by the vacuuming part before being filtered through a filter cloth; another example is a dust separator for vacuum cleaners that sprays liquid inside the vacuum tube, causing dust-laden gas to come into contact with supersaturated water, wetting and agglomerating dust particles before they settle and separate; and yet another example is a sweeping robot with air purification functions that uses a miniature water pump to pump water into a distribution pipe and then sprays water mist through atomizing nozzles to suppress surrounding dust. However, looking at the existing technologies mentioned above, it can be found that in these solutions, the dust collection airflow and the air purification airflow are either independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, each having its own independent air duct and filtration system, or they are simply adding water washing or spraying links in series in the dust collection air duct, failing to achieve synergistic optimization of dust collection and purification from the level of airflow organization.

[0004] Specifically, the existing solutions have the following shortcomings: First, the fine particulate matter in the dust-laden airflow drawn in by the floor vacuum lacks effective pre-treatment and interception methods before entering the filtration system. These fine particulate matter directly impacts and adheres to the surface of the filter element, causing the filter element to become clogged too quickly and the resistance to rise sharply. This not only significantly shortens the service life of the filtration system but also increases the energy consumption of the vacuum fan and continuously reduces the vacuuming efficiency. Second, the airflow drawn in by the equipment from the environment for air purification also contains suspended particulate matter. These particulate matter will also directly enter the purification filtration system, further increasing the burden on the purification system and reducing the purification efficiency.

[0005] In other words, the combination of vacuuming and air purification functions in existing technologies is merely a simple superposition of functional modules. The possibility of vacuuming airflow and purification airflow converging inside the device and undergoing synergistic pre-treatment using the same physical field has not been realized. Furthermore, no technical approach has been proposed to achieve efficient pre-capture of fine particulate matter by constructing a specific airflow convergence interface, thereby simultaneously improving vacuuming effect and purification lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the challenge of simultaneously improving the capture capacity of fine particulate matter from the ground, extending the lifespan of the purification system, and maintaining high purification efficiency, this invention provides a high-efficiency fine particulate matter capture device for a sanitation sweeper utilizing airflow circulation. The device includes a self-moving main body, a first air intake at the bottom of the main body for capturing dust from the ground, and a second air intake on the main body for drawing in polluted gases from the environment. Then, under negative pressure, the gases drawn in through the first and second air intakes are discharged through an outlet located on the main body, positioned away from the first air intake.

[0007] Based on the aforementioned basic airflow circulation architecture, this invention addresses the technical problem of the lack of effective pre-interception of fine particulate matter before it enters the purification system. It improves the processing path before gas convergence, with the core innovation being: a fine particulate matter collection unit is installed within the main body. This unit includes a first main chamber and a secondary chamber located within and communicating with the first main chamber. The secondary chamber is connected to a first air intake via a first pipeline equipped with a first solenoid valve. The first main chamber is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. One side of the upper chamber is connected to a second air intake via a second pipeline equipped with a second solenoid valve, and the other side is connected to an air outlet via a third pipeline. Dust entering through the first air intake is filtered by the secondary chamber, resulting in small dust particles that enter the lower chamber. A nozzle is installed between the lower and upper chambers, connected to a water source, and forms a mist wall under negative pressure to prevent small dust particles from flowing into the upper chamber. Polluted air entering through the second pipeline merges with polluted air formed in the lower chamber in the upper chamber and flows into the third pipeline, where it is purified and discharged through the air outlet.

[0008] In the above scheme, the first main chamber is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber along the height direction. The lower chamber serves as a pretreatment space for the dust-laden airflow, while the upper chamber serves as a buffer channel for the two airflows to merge and enter the purification system. The nozzle is located at the junction between the upper and lower chambers, and the resulting mist wall spatially isolates the upper and lower chambers into two functional areas. From the perspective of airflow organization, the dust-laden airflow in the lower chamber moves from bottom to top under negative pressure. The mist wall is located on the necessary path between the lower chamber outlet and the upper chamber inlet. Therefore, the fine particulate matter carried in the dust-laden airflow will inevitably collide, wet, and agglomerate with the water mist when passing through the mist wall, thus being separated from the airflow and settling at the bottom of the lower chamber before entering the upper chamber. At the same time, the polluted air introduced into the upper chamber through the second pipe is also pre-washed by the water mist when flowing through the area near the upper surface of the mist wall, where suspended particulate matter is initially captured. Subsequently, this airflow mixes with the airflow rising from the lower chamber into the upper chamber, and together they enter the third pipe for subsequent purification treatment with a lower particulate matter load.

[0009] Based on the above spatial layout, the built-in secondary chamber minimizes the emission path of fine particulate matter and reduces losses in intermediate stages. The layered arrangement of the upper and lower chambers ensures that the dust-laden airflow must pass through the fog wall interface before entering the upper chamber, and the nozzle is located precisely at this interface. This spatial relationship ensures that the fog wall effectively intercepts the dust-laden airflow in the lower chamber and effectively pre-washes the airflow in the upper chamber. Thus, without increasing the number of filtration stages or energy consumption, it simultaneously achieves efficient capture of fine particulate matter on the ground and reduces the load on the airflow entering the purification system, thereby improving capture efficiency and delaying the performance degradation of the purification elements. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent sweeping device of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure inside the main body of the high-efficiency fine particulate matter collection device of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of gas and liquid in the high-efficiency fine particulate matter capture device of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the third box module in this invention;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring unit layout of the intelligent control system of the present invention.

[0015] The meanings of the labels in the above figures are as follows:

[0016] 1. Main body; 2. Air inlet channel; 3. Circular hole; 4. First housing module; 5. Second housing module; 6. Filter screen; 7. Sealed water tank; 8. Fourth housing module; 9. Support protective sleeve; 10. Nozzle; 11. First pump body; 12. Fourth pipeline; 13. Third solenoid valve; 14. Second pipeline; 15. Second solenoid valve; 16. First pipeline; 17. First solenoid valve; 18. First air intake; 19. Air outlet; 20. Main pipeline; 21. Second pump body; 22. Secondary pipeline; 23. Fifth pipeline; 24. Container compartment; 25. Third housing module; 26. Sixth pipeline; 27. Fourth solenoid valve; 28. Cleaning tray; 29. ​​HEPA filter layer; 30. Activated carbon filter layer; 31. Wastewater treatment layer. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 The intelligent sweeping device shown includes a main body 1, which is capable of autonomous movement. Autonomous movement means that the main body 1 can automatically move and perform cleaning operations within the working area without manual remote control or external intervention, relying on its own onboard control and sensing systems.

[0019] It should be understood that the specific implementation of autonomous movement is existing technology in this field. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate sensor combinations, SLAM algorithms and path planning strategies according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit them.

[0020] However, the main body 1 is essentially a self-moving platform. This platform itself does not possess dust removal or purification functions; rather, it serves as the mounting base for functional modules, providing motion support and power for subsequent cleaning and purification operations. In existing technologies, the conventional usage of the aforementioned main body 1 is typically as follows: a roller brush or side brush assembly is installed at its bottom, and a fan, dust box, and filter are installed inside the main body. The negative pressure generated by the fan draws ground dust into the dust box through the bottom air intake. After the particles are trapped by the filter or cyclone separator within the dust box, the airflow is discharged back into the environment through the air outlet, thus achieving the basic function of ground vacuuming. Alternatively, an independent air purification module can be integrated into the main body 1. This module has independent air intake ducts, filter elements, and exhaust ducts. During operation, it independently draws in air from the environment, filters and purifies it, and then discharges it, operating independently of the ground vacuuming function without interfering with it.

[0021] In one embodiment, a high-efficiency fine particulate matter capture device for a sanitation sweeper that utilizes airflow circulation is provided. The device re-plans and redesigns the internal space of the main body 1, and the originally independent dust suction duct and purification duct converge inside the main body 1. A fog wall is used to pre-treat the two airflows in a coordinated manner, so that the main body 1 is no longer a simple functional module stacking base, but becomes an integrated processing platform that organically integrates ground dust suction, fine particulate matter capture and air purification.

[0022] like Figure 2 The high-efficiency fine particulate matter collection device for the sanitation sweeper shown has a first housing module 4 fixedly installed inside the accommodating chamber 24 of the main body 1. The first housing module 4 is a sealed hollow structure, and a second housing module 5 is disposed inside the cavity of this hollow structure, with the second housing module 5 attached to one inner wall of the cavity of the first housing module 4. In this way, the cavity of the first housing module 4 constitutes the first main cavity, and the cavity of the second housing module 5 constitutes the secondary cavity.

[0023] As an exemplary implementation, with Figure 2 For example, the second housing module 5 is located in the lower left of the cavity of the first housing module 4, and the outer left wall of the second housing module 5 is attached to the inner left wall of the cavity of the first housing module 4, and the outer bottom wall of the second housing module 5 is attached to the inner bottom wall of the cavity of the first housing module 4. In this layout, the second housing module 5 occupies the lower left area of ​​the first main cavity. Therefore, its top surface naturally forms the interface between the bottom space and the upper space of the first main cavity in terms of spatial height. Therefore, the fourth pipe 12 connecting the water source is arranged along the top surface of the second housing module 5, and the first main cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity with the top surface of the second housing module 5 as the boundary. The lower cavity is the pretreatment area for the dust-laden airflow, and the upper cavity is the transition area for the two airflows to enter the subsequent purification system after they merge.

[0024] This embodiment fully utilizes the space-occupying characteristics of the second housing module 5 itself, eliminating the need for additional partitions or dividing components within the first main cavity, thus simplifying the internal structure and reducing airflow resistance. Furthermore, the arrangement of the fourth pipe 12 along the top surface of the second housing module 5 ensures that the nozzles 10 mounted thereon are positioned precisely at the interface between the lower cavity airflow outlet and the upper cavity airflow inlet. This means that when the dust-laden airflow in the lower cavity moves upwards under negative pressure, its path from the lower cavity to the upper cavity is precisely covered by the mist wall generated by the nozzles 10. The advantage of this arrangement is that when the dust-laden airflow in the lower cavity passes through the mist wall, the fine particles are fully wetted and agglomerated by the water mist and settle at the bottom of the lower cavity, preventing them from bypassing the mist wall and entering the upper cavity. Simultaneously, the distribution of the nozzles 10 along the top surface of the second housing module 5 creates a uniform and continuous atomization area across the entire horizontal cross-section, ensuring that the mist wall covers the entire area of ​​the lower cavity outlet, preventing particle escape due to localized lack of mist, and thus guaranteeing the sufficient and reliable interception efficiency of the mist wall for fine particles.

[0025] In specific implementation, the internal storage compartment 24 of the main body 1 is a rectangular frame-type storage space, formed by the chassis, side panels, and top plate of the main body 1. Its internal dimensions are 400mm to 600mm in length, 300mm to 500mm in width, and 200mm to 350mm in height. The storage compartment 24 has an openable inspection cover on its front or rear side to facilitate the installation, maintenance, and repair of the internal modules. The first housing module 4 is bolted to the bottom of the storage compartment 24. Its overall shape is a rectangular sealed hollow box, made of stainless steel or engineering plastic, with a wall thickness of 2mm to 5mm. A gap of 10mm to 30mm is left between the outer peripheral wall of the first housing module 4 and the inner wall of the storage compartment 24 for the installation of connecting pipes and wiring harnesses. Specifically, the bottom inner wall of the first housing module 4 is an inclined surface, with the inclination gradually decreasing from left to right, and the inclination angle relative to the horizontal plane is 5° to 30°. The second housing module 5 is disposed inside the first housing module 4. It is also a rectangular hollow housing in shape and is made of the same material as the first housing module 4, with a wall thickness of 1.5mm to 3mm. The size of the second housing module 5 is smaller than that of the first housing module 4, and its volume accounts for 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the internal cavity volume of the first housing module 4. The second housing module 5 is fitted to the left inner wall of the cavity of the first housing module 4. Its left outer wall is fixedly connected to the left inner wall of the first housing module 4 by means of snaps or welding. The bottom outer wall of the second housing module 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first housing module 4 by means of bolts or welding. Since the bottom inner wall of the first housing module 4 is an inclined surface, the bottom outer wall of the second housing module 5 is correspondingly set as an inclined surface with the same inclination angle to fit tightly against the bottom inner wall of the first housing module 4, thereby ensuring that the second housing module 5 is stably installed in an inclined state without shaking or displacement. The right outer wall and top outer wall of the second housing module 5 have spaces between them and the inner wall of the first housing module 4. These spaces serve as airflow channels between the lower and upper chambers. An air outlet slot is located on the upper right side wall of the second housing module 5. This slot connects the internal cavity of the second housing module 5 with the internal cavity (lower chamber) of the first housing module 4. The air outlet slot is a rectangular channel with a width of 20mm to 50mm and a height of 10mm to 30mm. A filter screen 6 is embedded within the air outlet slot. The filter screen 6 is made of stainless steel wire mesh or nylon mesh with a mesh size of 60 to 200 mesh. It is used to intercept large-diameter particles that escape with the airflow from the second housing module 5, preventing them from directly entering the lower chamber and increasing the load on the fog wall.A dust inlet is provided on the lower left side wall of the second housing module 5. This dust inlet is connected to the first air intake 18 at the bottom of the main body 1 through the first pipe 16. The first pipe 16 is a flexible corrugated pipe or a rigid PVC pipe with a diameter of 25mm to 50mm. A first solenoid valve 17 is provided on the first pipe 16. The first solenoid valve 17 is a normally closed solenoid shut-off valve used to control the opening and closing between the first air intake 18 and the second housing module 5. The first air intake 18 at the bottom of the main body 1 is a flared intake with a grid inside to prevent large debris from entering the pipe.

[0026] A second main cavity is provided above the top surface of the first housing module 4. The second main cavity is the cavity of the sealed water tank 7, which is fixedly installed in the accommodating compartment 24 and located directly above the first housing module 4. The second main cavity is used to store water or cleaning liquid containing surfactants, and its volume is 2L to 5L. A water inlet with a sealing cap is provided at the top, and a liquid outlet is provided at the bottom. One end of the fourth pipeline 12 is connected to the liquid outlet at the bottom of the second main chamber, and the other end is laid along the top surface of the second housing module 5 and connected to the nozzle 10. The fourth pipeline 12 is a pressure-resistant flexible hose or rigid pipe with a diameter of 6 mm to 12 mm. A third solenoid valve 13 and a first pump body 11 are sequentially arranged on the fourth pipeline 12 along the water flow direction. The third solenoid valve 13 is a normally closed solenoid shut-off valve. The first pump body 11 is a miniature diaphragm pump or peristaltic pump with a working pressure of 0.2 MPa to 0.6 MPa and a flow rate of 50 mL / min to 300 mL / min, used to pump water from the second main chamber to the nozzle 10. The nozzle 10 is a fine atomizing nozzle, with a quantity of 2 to 6, and is evenly spaced along the width direction of the top surface of the second housing module 5. The distance between adjacent nozzles 10 is 30mm to 80mm. The spraying direction of the nozzle 10 is horizontal or slightly tilted upwards at an angle. Its atomized particle size is 10μm to 100μm. Under the action of negative pressure, the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 10 forms a continuous water mist curtain, i.e., a fog wall, above the top surface of the second housing module 5. The projection of this fog wall on the horizontal plane completely covers the connection area between the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

[0027] An upper air inlet is provided on the upper left side wall of the first housing module 4. This upper air inlet is connected to a second air intake on the main body 1 via a second pipe 14. The second air intake is located on the top or side wall of the main body 1 and is used to draw in polluted air from the environment. The second pipe 14 is a flexible corrugated pipe or a rigid PVC pipe with a diameter of 30mm to 60mm. A second solenoid valve 15 is provided on the second pipe 14. The second solenoid valve 15 is a normally closed solenoid shut-off valve used to control the opening and closing between the second air intake and the upper chamber. A primary filter screen can be installed at the second air intake to intercept large particulate matter such as hair and fibers. The top of the first housing module 4 has an upper cavity air outlet, which is connected to the air outlet 19 through a third pipe. The third pipe is a flexible corrugated pipe or a rigid PVC pipe with a diameter of 40mm to 70mm. The third pipe is formed by connecting the main pipe 20, the third main cavity (the cavity of the fourth housing module 8), the second pump body 21, and the auxiliary pipe 22 in sequence. An activated carbon filter layer 30 and a HEPA filter layer 29 are arranged in sequence along the air outlet direction in the third main cavity to deeply purify the airflow discharged after merging from the upper cavity. The purified clean air is discharged into the environment through the air outlet 19. The air outlet 19 is located on the top front side of the main body 1, away from the first air intake 18, to avoid the discharged clean air being re-inhaled by the first air intake 18 and causing airflow short circuit.

[0028] Specifically, the second pump body 21 is a centrifugal fan or a vortex fan with adjustable speed. By adjusting the speed, the negative pressure and airflow of the system can be controlled to adapt to different ground conditions and environmental cleanliness requirements. Positioning the second pump body 21 after the third main chamber (i.e., the purification module) rather than before ensures that the activated carbon filter layer 30 and the HEPA filter layer 29 are in a negative pressure zone rather than a positive pressure zone. This prevents high-pressure gas before the filter layers from causing unfiltered airflow to leak into the environment through pipe interfaces or filter layer frames, ensuring that all airflow is treated by the filter layers before discharge. This improves the sealing reliability and filtration efficiency of the purification process. Simultaneously, the negative pressure zone ensures that the second pump body 21 draws in deeply purified clean gas, preventing particulate matter in the unpurified gas from causing wear and scale buildup on the fan impeller, thus extending the service life of the second pump body 21.

[0029] Preferably, a support protective sleeve 9 is installed outside the horizontal section of the fourth pipeline 12.

[0030] Preferably, an air intake channel 2 is opened on the top of the main body 1, and multiple round holes 3 of different sizes are opened on both sides of the air intake channel 2.

[0031] Figure 3The flow direction of gas and liquid in the above embodiment is shown. During operation, the first solenoid valve 17 and the second solenoid valve 15 are opened, the second pump body 21 is started, and the dust-laden airflow (i.e. dust) enters the interior of the second housing module 5 through the first air intake 18 and the first pipeline 16. After being coarsely filtered by the filter screen 6, large-diameter particles (referred to as large particles) settle and are trapped on the inclined surface at the bottom of the second housing module 5 under the action of gravity, and slide down the inclined surface to gather at a lower position. The airflow carrying fine particles (i.e. small dust particles) enters the lower cavity. At the same time, the third solenoid valve 13 is opened, the first pump body 11 is started, and the water in the second main cavity is pumped to the nozzle 10. The nozzle 10 sprays to form a mist wall under the action of negative pressure. The dust-laden airflow in the lower chamber passes through the fog wall from bottom to top. Small dust particles are moistened by the water mist, agglomerate, and settle (forming wastewater). The wastewater falls onto the inclined surface at the bottom of the lower chamber and slides along the inclined surface to the lowest point on the right, where it gathers. The polluted gas that has passed through the fog wall enters the upper chamber. The polluted air drawn in by the second air inlet enters the upper chamber through the second pipe 14 and merges with the polluted air from the lower chamber in the upper chamber. The merged airflow is then deeply purified by the purification module on the third pipe and discharged from the air outlet 19. After the operation is completed, the first solenoid valve 17, the second solenoid valve 15, and the third solenoid valve 13 are closed, the first pump body 11 stops working, and the sludge-containing waste liquid (sewage) at the bottom of the lower chamber can be discharged periodically through the drain port. Large particles collected at the bottom of the second housing module 5 can be cleaned periodically through the maintenance port.

[0032] See Figure 2 In an improved embodiment, considering that the dust-laden wastewater generated after the fog wall continuously intercepts fine particulate matter will continuously accumulate at the bottom of the lower cavity, if it is not discharged in time, when the wastewater level rises above the lower edge of the air outlet slot opened at the upper position of the right side wall of the second housing module 5, the wastewater will backflow into the interior of the second housing module 5 through the air outlet slot. To this end, this embodiment provides a third housing module 25 at the bottom of the first housing module 4. The third housing module 25 is a sealed hollow container, fixedly installed at the bottom of the accommodating chamber 24 and located below the first housing module 4. Its volume is 1L to 3L and it is made of the same material as the first housing module 4. The third housing module 25 is connected to the lower cavity of the first main cavity through a fifth pipe 23, and the connection interface of the fifth pipe 23 and the first housing module 4 is lower than the lower edge of the air outlet slot on the right side wall of the second housing module 5, thereby keeping the liquid level in the lower cavity within a safe range below the lower edge of the air outlet slot, fundamentally preventing the occurrence of wastewater backflow.

[0033] To utilize the dust-laden wastewater accumulated in the lower cavity of the first housing module 4 and reduce the frequency of water replenishment and drainage during equipment operation, a wastewater treatment layer 31 is provided in the middle position within the third housing module 25, based on the improved implementation method described above. (See also...) Figure 4As shown, the sewage treatment layer 31 divides the internal cavity of the third box module 25 into a front cavity and a rear cavity along the water flow direction. The front cavity is connected to the lower cavity of the first main cavity through the fifth pipe 23 and is used to temporarily store the dusty sewage flowing in from the lower cavity. The rear cavity is used to temporarily store the clean water that has been purified by the sewage treatment layer 31.

[0034] Preferably, the wastewater treatment layer 31 is arranged along the cross-sectional direction of the third housing module 25, and its thickness is 10mm to 30mm. It can adopt a multi-stage filtration structure, such as a non-woven coarse filter layer, an activated carbon adsorption layer and a microporous ceramic filter layer arranged sequentially along the water flow direction, or a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module with a filtration accuracy of 0.1μm to 1μm, which can effectively remove suspended particulate matter and some dissolved organic matter in wastewater, so that the purified water quality meets the standard for reuse.

[0035] Furthermore, a water outlet is provided at the bottom or lower side wall of the rear cavity. This water outlet is connected to the cleaning plate 28 located at the bottom of the main body 1 and near the first air intake 18 via the sixth pipe 26. A fourth solenoid valve 27 is provided on the sixth pipe 26. The fourth solenoid valve 27 is a normally closed solenoid shut-off valve used to control the flow of water between the rear cavity and the cleaning plate 28. The cleaning disc 28 is a flat rectangular or circular disc with multiple micro-holes or slits on its bottom surface. The cleaning disc 28 is set close to the ground and located in front of or behind the first air intake 18. When the fourth solenoid valve 27 is opened, the purified water stored in the rear cavity flows to the cleaning disc 28 with the assistance of gravity or a micro water pump, and evenly seeps to the ground through the micro-holes on the bottom surface of the cleaning disc 28 to pre-wet or wet the ground. This allows the stubborn stains and fine particles attached to the ground to be loosened by the water before cleaning, making them easier to be sucked in by the first air intake 18, further improving the collection efficiency of fine particles on the ground.

[0036] In an improved embodiment, considering the varying needs for cleaning functions in different locations and time periods during actual use—for example, prioritizing air purification during peak hours while focusing on deep floor cleaning during sparsely populated periods, or requiring full-function operation that balances both—this device also includes three selectable operating modes. The first mode is an air purification mode that only purifies polluted gases in the environment. In this mode, the first solenoid valve 17 is closed to cut off the passage between the first air intake 18 and the second housing module 5, the second solenoid valve 15 is opened to maintain communication between the second air intake and the upper chamber, and simultaneously the third solenoid valve 13 is closed, the first pump 11 is closed, and the second pump 21 is activated to provide negative pressure. Polluted gases in the environment enter the upper chamber through the second air intake and the second pipe 14, and are then deeply purified by the activated carbon filter layer 30 and the HEPA filter layer 29 on the third pipe before being discharged into the environment through the air outlet 19. This mode is suitable for situations where the floor has been cleaned but the indoor air is still relatively polluted, such as when operating independently after cleaning to improve air quality. The second mode is a vacuuming mode used only for collecting floor dust. In this mode, the second solenoid valve 15 is closed to cut off the passage between the second air intake and the upper chamber. The first solenoid valve 17 is opened to keep the first air intake 18 connected to the second housing module 5. The third solenoid valve 13 is opened, the first pump 11 is started to generate a mist wall from the nozzle 10, and the second pump 21 is started to provide negative pressure. The dust-laden airflow enters the interior of the second housing module 5 through the first air intake 18 and the first pipe 16. After being coarsely filtered by the filter 6, it enters the lower chamber. When the dust-laden airflow in the lower chamber passes through the mist wall from bottom to top, the fine particles are moistened and agglomerated by the water mist and settle at the bottom of the lower chamber. The purified airflow after passing through the mist wall enters the upper chamber, and after being deeply purified by the activated carbon filter layer 30 and the HEPA filter layer 29 on the third pipe, it is discharged from the air outlet 19. This mode is suitable for situations where the indoor air quality is good but the floor needs to be cleaned. It can focus on treating floor dust without introducing ambient air, reducing the extra burden on the purification module. The third mode is a full-function mode that simultaneously purifies polluted gases in the environment and captures ground dust. In this mode, the first solenoid valve 17 and the second solenoid valve 15 are opened simultaneously, the third solenoid valve 13 is opened, the first pump body 11 is started to generate a mist wall from the nozzle 10, and the second pump body 21 is started to provide negative pressure. The dust-laden airflow from the ground and the polluted gas in the environment enter the system through the first air intake 18 and the second air intake, respectively. The dust-laden airflow from the ground enters the lower chamber after being coarsely filtered by the second housing module 5 and passes through the mist wall to intercept fine particulate matter. The polluted gas in the environment enters the upper chamber directly through the second pipeline 14. The two airflows merge in the upper chamber and are then deeply purified by the activated carbon filter layer 30 and the HEPA filter layer 29 on the third pipeline before being discharged from the air outlet 19. This mode is the default working mode of the equipment and is suitable for normal working conditions where both the ground and the air need to be cleaned.Switching between the three modes is achieved by sending commands to the control module through the device's human-machine interface (e.g., touch panel or remote control). The control module then controls the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve 17, the second solenoid valve 15, the third solenoid valve 13, the first pump body 11, and the second pump body 21 according to the selected mode. Those skilled in the art can implement the mode switching function using conventional solenoid valve and pump body drive circuits based on the above control logic. By setting these three operating modes, users can flexibly select the most suitable operating mode according to actual environmental conditions and cleaning needs, optimizing energy and water consumption while ensuring cleaning effectiveness, thus improving the device's environmental adaptability and ease of use.

[0037] Furthermore, in the third mode, since the dusty airflow from the ground and the polluted air from the environment enter the system simultaneously and eventually merge before being discharged, fluctuations in the concentration of ground dust directly affect the air quality of the outlet 19. Therefore, this embodiment also includes an intelligent control system based on air quality feedback, used to dynamically control one or more of the first solenoid valve 17, the second solenoid valve 15, the third solenoid valve 13, and the first pump body 11 according to the real-time monitored air quality, in order to maintain or improve the air quality. Figure 5 As shown, a first monitoring unit is installed inside the air outlet 19. This first monitoring unit includes a particulate matter concentration sensor (e.g., a PM2.5 sensor and a PM10 sensor) to acquire the particulate matter concentration value of the airflow discharged from the air outlet 19 in real time. A second monitoring unit is installed inside the second air intake. This second monitoring unit also includes a particulate matter concentration sensor to acquire the particulate matter concentration value of the ambient air drawn in at the second air intake in real time. The processing unit is connected to the first and second monitoring units. It receives the airflow quality signal fed back by the first monitoring unit and the airflow quality signal fed back by the second monitoring unit, calculates the impact value of the collected ground dust on the airflow quality based on the airflow quality and the airflow quality, and outputs control commands based on the impact value. The communication unit is connected to the processing unit and receives the control commands output by the processing unit. It converts the control commands into corresponding drive signals and sends them to the execution unit to execute the corresponding adjustment action. The execution unit includes one or more of the following: a first solenoid valve 17, a second solenoid valve 15, a third solenoid valve 13, and a first pump body 11.

[0038] Specifically, the second monitoring unit is installed inside the second air intake and is used to acquire the particulate matter concentration value of the polluted gas in the environment in real time, denoted as... This value reflects the turbidity of the air in the working environment of the equipment; its fluctuations are relatively gentle and have practical physical significance. The first monitoring unit is placed inside the air outlet 19 to acquire the particulate matter concentration value of the exhaust airflow in real time, denoted as [value missing]. The processing unit pre-stores the theoretical purification efficiency of the purification module in the third pipeline (i.e., the combination of activated carbon filter layer 30 and HEPA filter layer 29) under rated operating conditions. This efficiency value, obtained from the factory calibration of the purification module or prior experimental testing, represents the particulate matter removal rate of the purification module for the incoming airflow. Based on this, the processing unit calculates the theoretical expected output air quality value according to the following formula. :

[0039] ;

[0040] The expected value The physical meaning is: assuming that all the airflow to be purified entering the upper cavity is polluted ambient air from the second air intake (that is, under ideal circumstances, ground dust does not cause additional pollution to the airflow in the upper cavity), the airflow concentration that should be achieved after being processed by the purification module.

[0041] Subsequently, the processing unit will output the actual air quality. Compared with the expected value of theoretical air quality Compare and calculate the impact value The calculation formula is as follows: .

[0042] when When the actual air quality is exactly as expected, the system is working normally, and the fine particulate matter content in the airflow entering the upper chamber from the lower chamber does not impose an additional burden on the ambient air; therefore, no adjustment is required. When the theoretical expected value is greater than the actual air quality, it means that the actual discharged air is cleaner than theoretically expected. This indicates that the airflow entering the upper chamber from the lower chamber is already relatively clean, and its contribution to the particulate matter in the mixed airflow in the upper chamber is lower than the baseline level of ambient air. At this time, it indicates that the fog wall's interception effect is sufficient or even excessive. Based on this, the processing unit issues a control command to appropriately reduce the speed of the first pump body 11 or close the opening of the third solenoid valve 13 to reduce the water spray volume of the fog wall and reduce unnecessary water consumption. At the same time, the opening of the first solenoid valve 17 can be appropriately increased to increase the ground suction volume, making full use of the fog wall's excess interception capacity to handle more ground dust. When the theoretical expected value is less than the actual exhaust air quality, it means that the actual exhaust air is dirtier than theoretically expected. This indicates that the airflow entering the upper chamber from the lower chamber carries an unexpected amount of fine particulate matter. These particles have broken through the fog wall's interception and entered the upper chamber, causing the mixed airflow to deteriorate and exceeding the purification module's design processing capacity. At this point, the processing unit issues control commands: on the one hand, it increases the rotation speed of the first pump body 11 or opens the third solenoid valve 13 to enhance the fog wall's interception strength; on the other hand, it decreases the opening of the first solenoid valve 17 to reduce the intake of dusty airflow from the ground, thereby reducing the processing load on the lower chamber and allowing the fog wall to regain effective interception of fine particulate matter under a lower load. Furthermore, when the second monitoring unit detects the air quality at the second air intake... When the air quality is below the first preset threshold (i.e., the ambient air is already very clean with extremely low particulate matter concentration), it indicates that the current working environment has excellent air quality and no air purification is needed. At this time, the processing unit automatically switches the equipment to the second mode, performing only ground vacuuming to avoid the purification module doing useless work in a clean environment and consuming the filter element's lifespan; when the air quality detected by the first monitoring unit is... If the air quality exceeds the second preset threshold and persists for more than a set time (indicating that the filtration efficiency of the purification module has severely degraded), the processing unit will issue a prompt to replace the purification module through the device's user interface, reminding the operator to replace or maintain the activated carbon filter layer 30 and the HEPA filter layer 29. It is worth noting that in the first mode (air purification mode only), because the floor vacuum function is off, the air quality detected by the first monitoring unit is... The air quality detected by the second monitoring unit at the second air intake The difference between the two values ​​represents the real-time purification contribution of the purification module itself, which the processing unit can use to dynamically update the theoretical purification efficiency stored therein. The value, for example, according to Real-time calculation results for Rolling adjustments are made to ensure the theoretical expected air quality value is achieved. The calculations are more accurate, thus providing the intelligent control system with more precise control basis in the subsequent third mode operation.

[0043] Through the closed-loop control logic based on the air quality benchmark of the second air intake, the system does not rely on the unstable and fluctuating air quality signal of the ground air intake. Instead, it uses the relatively stable ambient air quality as a reference benchmark, combines the theoretical performance of the purification module to calculate the expected value and compare it with the actual air quality. This achieves scientific and precise adjustment of the fog wall intensity and the ground air intake volume. It can automatically save energy and reduce consumption when the ground dust load is low, and actively strengthen the interception and limit the intake volume to prevent the deterioration of the air quality when the dust load suddenly increases. At the same time, it can continuously calibrate the theoretical purification efficiency based on the real-time monitoring data of the first mode, so that the entire control system has self-learning and self-adaptive capabilities. Under the premise of ensuring that the air quality always meets the standards, it achieves on-demand optimization of energy and water consumption.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency fine particulate trapping device for a sanitation sweeper, comprising: a self-moving body (1); a first air suction port (18) arranged at the bottom of the body (1) for trapping dust on the ground; a second air suction port arranged on the body (1) for sucking dirty air in the environment; an air outlet (19) arranged on the body (1) and away from the first air suction port (18); characterized in that a fine particulate trapping unit is arranged in the body (1), the fine particulate trapping unit comprising a first main cavity and a secondary cavity arranged in and communicating with the first main cavity, the secondary cavity and the first air suction port (18) being communicated through a first pipeline (16) with a first electromagnetic valve (17); the first main cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, one side of the upper cavity being communicated with the second air suction port through a second pipeline (14) with a second electromagnetic valve (15), and the other side of the upper cavity being communicated with the air outlet (19) through a third pipeline; the small particulate dust obtained by filtering the dust entering from the first air suction port (18) through the secondary cavity enters the lower cavity, a spray head (10) being arranged between the lower cavity and the upper cavity, the spray head (10) being connected with a water source and forming a mist wall under the action of negative pressure to hinder the small particulate dust from flowing into the upper cavity; the dirty air entering through the second pipeline (14) and the dirty air in the lower cavity converge in the upper cavity and flow into the third pipeline, and are discharged from the air outlet (19) after being purified.

2. The high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter device of claim 1, wherein, a second main cavity is arranged above the first main cavity in the body (1), the second main cavity being used for storing a water source, the second main cavity and the spray head (10) being communicated through a fourth pipeline (12); the fourth pipeline (12) is provided with a first pump body (11) and a third electromagnetic valve (13) upstream of the first pump body (11).

3. The high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter device of claim 2, wherein the filter device is configured to be mounted to a street sweeper. the first main cavity is a cavity of a first box body module (4), the secondary cavity is a cavity of a second box body module (5), and the second box body module (5) is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the cavity of the first box body module (4); the fourth pipeline (12) is arranged along the top surface of the second box body module (5) and divides the first main cavity into the upper cavity and the lower cavity with the top surface of the second box body module (5) as a boundary.

4. The high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter device of claim 3, wherein the filter device is configured to be mounted to a street sweeper. an air outlet groove for communicating the first main cavity and the secondary cavity is arranged at an upper position of the side wall of the second box body module (5), and a filter screen (6) is arranged in the air outlet groove.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the device is characterized by, a third box body module (25) is arranged at the bottom of the first box body module (4), the third box body module (25) is communicated with the first main cavity through a fifth pipeline (23), and the interface position is lower than the lower edge of the air outlet groove.

6. The high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter assembly of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the HEPA filter assembly is configured to be mounted to a street sweeper vehicle. the third pipeline is sequentially connected by a main pipeline (20), a third main cavity, a second pump body (21), and a secondary pipeline (22); the third main cavity is sequentially provided with an activated carbon filter layer (30) and a HEPA filter layer (29) in the air outlet direction.

7. The high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter assembly of any one of claims 2-5, wherein the filter assembly is configured to be mounted to a street sweeper vehicle. three working modes are further included, which are: the first mode is only used for purifying dirty air in the environment; the second mode is only used for trapping dust on the ground; The third mode is to purify the dirty air in the environment and also to capture the dust on the ground.

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the device is characterized by, In the third mode, one or more of the first electromagnetic valve (17), the second electromagnetic valve (15), the third electromagnetic valve (13) and the first pump body (11) are controlled according to the air quality at the air outlet (19) to maintain or improve the air quality.

9. The device according to claim 8, wherein the device is characterized by, Further comprising: a first monitoring unit arranged in the air outlet (19) for obtaining the air quality at the air outlet (19); a second monitoring unit arranged in the second air inlet for obtaining the air quality at the second air inlet; a processing unit connected with the first monitoring unit and the second monitoring unit, for calculating the influence value of the dust on the ground on the air quality according to the air quality and the air quality, and outputting a control instruction according to the influence value; and a communication unit for receiving the control instruction and forming a control signal to the execution unit; wherein the execution unit comprises one or more of the first electromagnetic valve (17), the second electromagnetic valve (15), the third electromagnetic valve (13) and the first pump body (11).

10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the device is a device for collecting fine particles of dust and dirt in a road sweeper. The calculation expression of the influence value is: ； ； wherein, is the impact value; is the air outlet mass desired value; is the particulate matter concentration value of the exhaust air flow; is the particulate matter concentration value of the ambient dirty air; is the theoretical purification efficiency.

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