Improved al-mg alloy welding wire preparation method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The application provides an improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation method, device and electronic equipment, comprising: determining the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound; calculating the precipitation temperature of the target compound with the Sc element content as a variable according to the basic component content, determining the lower limit value of the addition amount of the Sc element according to the precipitation temperature, performing ingot casting test with the Sc element content as a variable to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determining the upper limit value of the addition amount of the Sc element according to the cooling rate and the critical size; determining the optimal addition amount of the Sc element according to the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the addition amount, and preparing the Al-Mg alloy welding wire according to the optimal addition amount of the Sc element and the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy. The problem that the related welding wire improvement preparation scheme is difficult to determine the optimal Sc element addition amount and is prone to waste of the Sc element is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation technology, and more specifically, to an improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional Al-Mg welding wires (ER5356, ER5183) are widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, and rail transportation industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance, weldability, and moderate strength. However, this series of alloys suffers from limitations in alloy technology, including the inability to undergo heat treatment and coarse grain structure.

[0003] Trace Sc alloying is a core technical approach to improve the performance of aluminum-magnesium welding wire. Sc and Zr elements can precipitate nanoscale L12 structured Al3(Sc,Zr) dispersed strengthening phases in situ with the aluminum matrix, exhibiting multiple key modification effects compared to traditional aluminum-magnesium alloys.

[0004] Currently, Al-Mg-Sc-Zr welding wire is widely used in aerospace and metal additive manufacturing fields. It optimizes the composition system of Sc element and reduces the cost of rare earth raw materials; it precisely controls the size of Al3(Sc,Zr) phase, suppresses the formation of coarse rare earth phase, and iteratively adapts to high-quality welding and large component additive manufacturing special wires.

[0005] The presence of coarse Al3(Sc,Zr) compounds in existing Al-Mg-Sc-Zr welding wires leads to their inheritance to weld joints or additive components during the melting and solidification process, resulting in a waste of Sc elements and adversely affecting performance and microstructure. Furthermore, existing solutions rely primarily on trial-and-error methods to explore the optimal amount of Sc elements, leading to inefficient composition design, high development difficulty, and low accuracy. It is also difficult to precisely control the size of precipitated phases to meet the requirements of high-quality welding and additive manufacturing.

[0006] In summary, it is difficult to determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added in the relevant improved welding wire preparation schemes, which may lead to the waste of Sc element. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this application is to provide an improved method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and electronic device for preparing Al-Mg alloy welding wire, so as to at least solve the problem that it is difficult to determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added in the relevant improved welding wire preparation scheme, which easily leads to the waste of Sc element.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, an improved method for preparing Al-Mg alloy welding wire is provided, comprising: determining the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic component includes Al, Mg, and Zr; calculating the precipitation temperature of the target compound based on the basic component content, using the Sc element content as a variable; determining at least a lower limit for the amount of Sc element to be added based on the precipitation temperature; conducting an ingot casting test based on the basic component content, using the Sc element content as a variable, to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process; determining an upper limit for the amount of Sc element to be added based on the cooling rate and the critical size; determining an optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and the upper limit; and preparing the Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0009] Optionally, determining the lower limit of the Sc element addition amount based at least on the precipitation temperature includes: determining the alloy liquidus temperature of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy; and setting the Sc element content corresponding to the precipitation temperature as the lower limit of the addition amount if the difference between the precipitation temperature and the alloy liquidus temperature is less than a first preset difference.

[0010] Optionally, based on the content of the basic components, the Sc element content is used as a variable to conduct ingot casting tests to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process. This includes: based on the content of the basic components, the Sc element content is used as a variable to simulate the ingot casting process using fluid dynamics calculation software to obtain the temperature field distribution of the casting process, and determining the cooling rate of multiple ingot locations based on the temperature field distribution. The ingot locations include the ingot core, a predetermined proportional radius of the ingot, and a predetermined depth under the ingot skin.

[0011] Optionally, determining the upper limit of the amount of Sc element added based on the cooling rate and the critical size includes: predicting the compound size using a thermodynamic component based on the cooling rate; and determining the content of the Sc element corresponding to the cooling rate as the upper limit of the amount added if the difference between the critical size and the compound size is less than a second preset difference.

[0012] Optionally, determining the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount includes: performing an ingot casting test by setting the amount of Sc element to be added within the range of the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount according to a preset adjustment step size, obtaining the corresponding cooling rate, and determining the corresponding compound size based on the cooling rate; obtaining the welding wire preparation requirements, determining the compound size that meets the welding wire preparation requirements as the target size, and determining the amount of Sc element to be added corresponding to the target size as the optimal amount of addition.

[0013] Optionally, after preparing the Al-Mg alloy welding wire according to the optimal addition amount of the Sc element and the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy, the method further includes: performing an ingot melting and casting test using the Al-Mg alloy welding wire, obtaining test results, and determining whether the Al-Mg alloy welding wire meets the welding wire preparation requirements based on the test results.

[0014] Optionally, the target compound is Al3(Sc,Zr), and the content of Sc element in the Al-Mg alloy welding wire is between 0.15 wt.% and 0.33 wt.%.

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, an improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation apparatus is provided, comprising: a first determining unit, configured to determine the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic component includes Al, Mg, and Zr; a second determining unit, configured to calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound based on the basic component content and using the Sc element content as a variable, determine at least a lower limit value for the addition amount of Sc element based on the precipitation temperature, and perform an ingot casting test based on the basic component content and using the Sc element content as a variable to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine an upper limit value for the addition amount of Sc element based on the cooling rate and the critical size; and a preparation unit, configured to determine the optimal addition amount of Sc element based on the lower limit value and the upper limit value, and prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal addition amount of Sc element and the basic component content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0016] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform any of the improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation methods described above.

[0017] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including methods for performing any of the modified Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation methods described above.

[0018] By applying the technical solution of this application, the precipitation temperature is determined through thermodynamic calculations to define the lower limit of Sc addition, ensuring that the Al3(Sc,Zr) phase can stably precipitate above the liquidus line, thereby exerting its nucleation core function and refining the grains. Secondly, the cooling rate of the ingot casting process is introduced as a key variable, and combined with the target critical size, the upper limit of Sc addition is determined, precisely controlling the coarsening degree of the precipitated phase. This effectively solves the problem of waste of effective components and performance degradation caused by coarse particles of Sc during casting and subsequent welding. By defining the effective range of Sc content, not only is the cost of using rare earth Sc significantly reduced, but it also ensures that the welding wire obtains a nanoscale dispersed strengthening phase at the weld joint, greatly improving the strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability of the Al-Mg alloy welding wire. This solves the problem that related welding wire improvement preparation schemes are difficult to determine the optimal amount of Sc added, which easily leads to the waste of Sc. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for performing a modified AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of an improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram simulating the solidification process of different Sc elements provided according to embodiments of this application is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of an improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0027] As described in the background section, it is difficult to determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added in the relevant improved welding wire preparation schemes, which easily leads to the waste of Sc element. In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added in the relevant improved welding wire preparation schemes, which easily leads to the waste of Sc element, the embodiments of this application provide an improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium and electronic device.

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a method of preparing an improved AL-MG alloy welding wire according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include components that are more... Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown.

[0030] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the aforementioned networks may include wireless networks provided by the mobile terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network interface controller (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0031] This embodiment provides an improved method for preparing AL-MG alloy welding wire that runs on a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a modified AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S201: Determine the basic composition content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg, and Zr;

[0034] Step S202: Based on the above-mentioned basic component content, calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound using the Sc element content as a variable, determine at least the lower limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned precipitation temperature, and conduct an ingot casting test using the Sc element content as a variable based on the above-mentioned basic component content to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine the upper limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned cooling rate and the above-mentioned critical size.

[0035] Step S203: Determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount, and prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0036] In this embodiment, by applying steps S201, S202, and S203, the precipitation temperature is determined using thermodynamic calculations to define the lower limit for Sc addition. This ensures that the Al3(Sc,Zr) phase can stably precipitate above the liquidus, thereby exerting its nucleation core function and refining the grains. Secondly, the cooling rate during the ingot casting process is introduced as a key variable, and combined with the target critical size, the upper limit for Sc addition is determined, precisely controlling the coarsening degree of the precipitated phase. This effectively solves the problem of waste of effective components and performance degradation caused by coarse Sc particles during casting and subsequent welding. By defining the effective range of Sc content, not only is the cost of using rare earth Sc significantly reduced, but the welding wire also obtains a nanoscale dispersed strengthening phase at the weld joint, greatly improving the strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability of the Al-Mg alloy welding wire. This solves the problem that related welding wire improvement preparation schemes are difficult to determine the optimal amount of Sc added, which can easily lead to Sc waste.

[0037] In the specific implementation process, at least the lower limit value of the amount of Sc element added is determined according to the above-mentioned precipitation temperature, including: determining the alloy liquidus temperature of the above-mentioned Al-Mg aluminum alloy; when the difference between the above-mentioned precipitation temperature and the above-mentioned alloy liquidus temperature is less than a first preset difference, the content of the above-mentioned Sc element corresponding to the above-mentioned precipitation temperature is the lower limit value of the amount added.

[0038] In this embodiment, the logic for determining the lower limit of Sc element addition is further refined. By setting a threshold difference between the precipitation temperature and the alloy liquidus temperature (a first preset difference), precise control of the nucleation timing of the precipitated phase is achieved. This ensures that the Al3(Sc,Zr) phase precipitates rapidly in the early stage of solidification, serving as a heterogeneous nucleation core to effectively suppress columnar crystal growth during casting and promote equiaxed crystal formation, thereby refining the ingot microstructure. If the Sc content is too low, the precipitation temperature will be below the liquidus line, potentially causing the compound to precipitate in the later stage of solidification, thus losing its nucleation effect; if it is too high, it will result in unnecessary cost waste. This preset difference mechanism balances nucleation efficiency and economy, ensuring excellent grain refinement even with a low Sc addition, and improving the robustness and repeatability of composition design.

[0039] Specifically, based on the above-mentioned basic component content, the Sc element content is used as a variable to conduct ingot melting and casting tests to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot melting and casting process. This includes: based on the above-mentioned basic component content, using the Sc element content as a variable, using fluid dynamics calculation software to simulate the ingot melting and casting process to obtain the temperature field distribution of the melting and casting process, and determining the above-mentioned cooling rate at multiple ingot locations based on the above-mentioned temperature field distribution. The ingot locations include the ingot core, the ingot at a preset proportional radius, and the ingot at a preset depth below the surface.

[0040] In this embodiment, fluid dynamics software is used to simulate the casting process, obtaining the cooling rate distribution at different locations in the ingot, including the core, radius, and subcutaneous layer. This solves the problem of precipitate size differences caused by uneven temperature fields within the ingot. Traditional methods often focus only on surface or average cooling conditions, neglecting the risk of coarse particles due to slow cooling in the core. By simulating cooling rates at different locations, the "worst-case" location most prone to particle coarsening (usually the slowest-cooling core) can be identified. This full-view temperature field analysis allows composition design to consider the overall microstructure uniformity of the ingot, avoiding crack initiation or performance weaknesses caused by excessively large particles in localized areas. This improves the realism of the simulation, provides comprehensive and reliable data support for determining the upper limit of Sc, and ensures the performance consistency of the welding wire material on a macroscopic scale.

[0041] More specifically, determining the upper limit of the amount of Sc element added based on the cooling rate and the critical size includes: predicting the compound size using a thermodynamic component based on the cooling rate; and determining the content of the Sc element corresponding to the cooling rate as the upper limit of the amount added when the difference between the critical size and the compound size is less than a second preset difference.

[0042] In this embodiment, a quantitative correlation between cooling rate and compound size was established. By setting a threshold difference between the critical size and the predicted size (a second preset difference), the upper limit of Sc addition was precisely locked, suppressing excessive coarsening of the Al3(Sc,Zr) phase during the cooling process. According to LSW theory, the slower the cooling rate, the more severe the particle coarsening. This step predicts the final particle size at different Sc contents using thermodynamic components, ensuring that even in the slowest cooling region, the particle size does not exceed the target critical value (e.g., 10 μm). This directly avoids stress concentration and performance degradation caused by coarse compound residues in the weld. Simultaneously, this preset difference mechanism provides tolerance for engineering applications, ensuring both strengthening effect and preventing an increase in brittle phases due to excessive Sc addition, achieving a balance between microstructure control and macroscopic mechanical properties, and improving the reliability of the welding wire for welding.

[0043] Further, determining the optimal addition amount of the Sc element based on the aforementioned lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount includes: within the range of the aforementioned lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount, performing an ingot casting test by setting the addition amount of the Sc element according to a preset adjustment step size, obtaining the corresponding cooling rate, and determining the corresponding compound size based on the aforementioned cooling rate; obtaining the welding wire preparation requirements, determining the compound size that meets the aforementioned welding wire preparation requirements as the target size, and determining the addition amount of the Sc element corresponding to the aforementioned target size as the aforementioned optimal addition amount.

[0044] In this embodiment, an iterative test with preset step sizes is proposed within the upper and lower limit range to determine the optimal addition amount based on the welding wire preparation requirements. Different application scenarios (such as aerospace lightweighting and marine corrosive environments) have varying requirements for the strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance of the welding wire, resulting in different requirements for the target size of Al3(Sc,Zr). This solution adjusts the target size according to specific needs and quickly screens the corresponding Sc content through simulation. This not only significantly shortens the R&D cycle and reduces experimental costs, but also minimizes the amount of Sc used while meeting specific performance indicators, maximizing economic benefits. Furthermore, this step-by-step search strategy avoids accuracy loss due to excessively large step sizes, ensuring that the finally determined optimal addition amount accurately matches the target performance, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the process.

[0045] Furthermore, after preparing the Al-Mg alloy welding wire according to the above-mentioned optimal addition amount of Sc element and the above-mentioned basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy, the above method further includes: using the above-mentioned Al-Mg alloy welding wire to perform ingot melting and casting test, obtaining test results, and determining whether the above-mentioned Al-Mg alloy welding wire meets the welding wire preparation requirements based on the above-mentioned test results.

[0046] In this embodiment, a verification and feedback process is added after the welding wire is prepared. Through ingot casting tests and result evaluation, a closed-loop quality control system of "design-verification-optimization" is formed. This verifies the accuracy of the theoretical prediction model and investigates potential deviations in actual production (such as equipment fluctuations and the influence of raw material impurities). If the test results do not meet the requirements, the thermodynamic parameters or cooling model can be corrected in reverse to improve the model's accuracy. This step reduces mass production risks.

[0047] Specifically, the target compound is Al3(Sc,Zr), and the Sc content in the Al-Mg alloy welding wire is between 0.15 wt.% and 0.33 wt.%.

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the implementation process of the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0049] The presence of coarse Al3(Sc,Zr) compounds in existing AlMgScZr welding wires leads to their inheritance to weld joints or additive components during the melting and solidification process, resulting in a waste of Sc element and adversely affecting performance and microstructure. Current technologies rely solely on experiments to determine the optimal Sc addition value, leading to low design efficiency, high complexity, and low accuracy.

[0050] This embodiment relates to a specific method for preparing a modified AL-MG alloy welding wire, which includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: Determine the composition of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy and the size of the target Al3(Sc,Zr) compound;

[0052] Step S2: Based on the composition of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy, perform thermodynamic calculations to obtain the precipitated phases of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy, the precipitation temperature of Al3(Sc,Zr) particles, and determine the lower limit of the Sc element addition amount.

[0053] Step S3: Based on the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy composition, obtain the temperature field distribution during the casting process, and extract the cooling rate and cooling time at different ingot locations;

[0054] Step S4: Based on the cooling rate of the ingot melting and casting process, obtain the size of Al3(Sc,Zr) compounds with different Sc addition amounts, and determine the upper limit of the Sc element addition amount;

[0055] Step S5: Determine the content of Sc element in multiple groups based on the upper and lower limits of the Sc element addition amount;

[0056] Step S6: Add Sc elements according to the multiple sets of Sc element addition content, calculate the size of the precipitated phase and Al3(Sc,Zr) compound corresponding to the Sc element addition content of each set, and compare whether the size of the precipitated phase and Al3(Sc,Zr) compound meets the requirements. If not, repeat steps S2, S3 and S4 until the requirements are met.

[0057] In S2, thermodynamic calculations are performed with Al as the equilibrium state and Mg, Sc, and Zr as the alloy composition. The specific calculations include:

[0058] S21. Based on the content of Al, Mg, Sc and Zr elements, and in conjunction with the phase diagram, determine the precipitated phase. If the precipitated phase is not the target precipitated phase, adjust Al, Mg, Sc and Zr until the precipitated phase meets the requirements, and obtain the first content range of Mg, Sc and Zr.

[0059] S22, to obtain the cooling rate and cooling time at different positions of the ingot during the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy melting and casting process;

[0060] S23 incorporates the cooling rate and cooling time into the simulation software to predict the size of the Al3(Sc,Zr) compound. If the size does not exceed the target size, a second range of Mg, Sc, and Zr contents is obtained.

[0061] S3, the rare earth element Sc is selected to be added. Taking into account the different diffusion rates and equivalents of rare earth elements in the aluminum matrix, as well as economic benefits, the content of rare earth elements is reasonably selected.

[0062] The following is a specific example of selecting the rare earth element Sc:

[0063] The chemical composition to be calculated is shown in Table 1:

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066] In the alloy system in Table 1, Sc is set as variable X. Its composition is substituted into the solidification process module of the thermodynamic software. The Sc addition amounts are set to 0.05 wt.%, 0.10 wt.%, 0.15 wt.%, and 0.20 wt.%, respectively, and the calculation results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, when the Sc content is increased to 0.15 wt.%, Al3(Sc,Zr) phase precipitates in the liquid phase. It can be determined that the lower limit of Sc addition for this alloy should be 0.15 wt.% or higher.

[0067] The process of Al-Mg-Sc-Zr melting and casting was simulated using fluid dynamics software in a Φ162mm crystallizer. The cooling rates at different locations of the ingot were obtained, as shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070] The cooling rates at different locations on the ingot were substituted into the precipitation simulation module of Thermo-calc software, with the Sc addition amount set to 0.33 wt.%, combined with r 3 -r0 3 =kt, r: instantaneous average radius of the precipitated phase after coarsening at time t; r0: average radius at the initial time of coarsening; k: coarsening rate constant (determined by material properties such as element diffusion ability, solid solubility, and interfacial energy); t: high-temperature holding / coarsening time. The sizes of Al3(Sc,Zr) compounds with different cooling rates were calculated. The predicted compound sizes are shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3

[0072]

[0073] The dimensions of the compounds in the ingot were measured, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0074] Table 4

[0075]

[0076] The dimensions of the compound in the weld were then measured, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0077] Table 5

[0078]

[0079] It can be seen that when Sc is added at 0.33wt.% (variable), a large number of coarse Al3(Sc,Zr) compounds were found in many locations in the weld. The presence of these compounds is not conducive to the full utilization of Sc, resulting in waste. Therefore, under the casting condition of Φ162mm (variable in simulation), if the numerical simulation results show that the calculated compound size in the ingot core exceeds 10μm, then compounds of this size will have appeared in the weld. Through simulation calculation, the number of trials and errors can be further reduced, and the addition of Sc content can be better controlled.

[0080] This application also provides an improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation apparatus. It should be noted that the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation apparatus of this application can be used to execute the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method provided in this application. This apparatus is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0081] The following describes the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0082] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the device includes:

[0083] The first determining unit 41 is used to determine the basic composition content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg and Zr;

[0084] The second determining unit 42 is used to calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound based on the content of the basic components and with the content of Sc element as a variable, to determine at least the lower limit of the amount of Sc element added based on the precipitation temperature, and to conduct an ingot casting test based on the content of the basic components and with the content of Sc element as a variable to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and to determine the upper limit of the amount of Sc element added based on the cooling rate and the critical size.

[0085] Preparation unit 43 is used to determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount, and to prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0086] In this embodiment, the precipitation temperature was determined using thermodynamic calculations to define the lower limit of Sc addition, ensuring that the Al3(Sc,Zr) phase could precipitate stably above the liquidus, thus playing its nucleation role and refining the grains. Secondly, the cooling rate during the ingot casting process was introduced as a key variable, combined with the target critical size to determine the upper limit of Sc addition, precisely controlling the coarsening degree of the precipitated phase. This effectively solves the problem of waste of effective components and performance degradation caused by coarse Sc particles during casting and subsequent welding. By defining the effective range of Sc content, not only was the cost of rare earth Sc significantly reduced, but the welding wire also obtained a nanoscale dispersed strengthening phase at the weld joint, greatly improving the strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability of the Al-Mg alloy welding wire. This solves the problem that related welding wire improvement preparation schemes often struggle to determine the optimal Sc addition amount, leading to Sc waste.

[0087] As an optional solution, the second determining unit includes a first determining module and a second determining module; the first determining module is used to determine the alloy liquidus temperature of the above-mentioned Al-Mg aluminum alloy; the second determining module is used to determine the content of the above-mentioned Sc element corresponding to the above-mentioned precipitation temperature as the lower limit value of the above-mentioned addition amount when the difference between the above-mentioned precipitation temperature and the above-mentioned alloy liquidus temperature is less than a first preset difference value.

[0088] In one optional scheme, the second determining unit further includes a third determining module, which is used to simulate ingot melting and casting using fluid dynamics calculation software based on the above-mentioned basic component content and with the Sc element content as a variable, to obtain the temperature field distribution of the melting and casting process, and to determine the above-mentioned cooling rate at multiple ingot locations based on the above-mentioned temperature field distribution, wherein the ingot locations include the ingot core, the ingot at a preset proportional radius, and the ingot at a preset depth below the skin.

[0089] In one optional embodiment, the second determining unit further includes a prediction module and a fourth determining module; the prediction module is used to predict the compound size using thermodynamic components based on the aforementioned cooling rate; the fourth determining module is used to determine the content of the Sc element corresponding to the aforementioned cooling rate as the aforementioned upper limit value of the addition amount when the difference between the aforementioned critical size and the aforementioned compound size is less than a second preset difference.

[0090] In one optional scheme, the preparation unit includes a setting module and a fifth determining module; the setting module is used to set the amount of Sc element added within the range of the lower limit and the upper limit of the added amount according to a preset adjustment step size to conduct an ingot melting test, obtain the corresponding cooling rate, and determine the corresponding compound size based on the cooling rate; the fifth determining module is used to obtain the welding wire preparation requirements, determine the compound size that meets the welding wire preparation requirements as the target size, and determine the amount of Sc element added corresponding to the target size as the optimal added amount.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the apparatus further includes a third determining unit, used to prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire according to the above-mentioned optimal addition amount of Sc element and the above-mentioned basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy, and then to perform ingot melting and casting test using the Al-Mg alloy welding wire to obtain test results, and to determine whether the Al-Mg alloy welding wire meets the welding wire preparation requirements based on the test results.

[0092] In one alternative, the target compound is Al3(Sc,Zr), and the Sc content in the Al-Mg alloy welding wire is between 0.15 wt.% and 0.33 wt.%.

[0093] The aforementioned improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation device includes a processor and a memory. The first determining unit, the second determining unit, the preparation unit, etc., are all stored as program units in the memory, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. All of the above modules are located in the same processor; alternatively, the various modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

[0094] The processor contains a core, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from memory. One or more cores can be configured. Adjusting the core parameters can address the issue of determining the optimal amount of Sc element to add in the welding wire improvement preparation scheme, which can easily lead to Sc element waste.

[0095] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0096] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method.

[0097] Specifically, the improved method for preparing AL-MG alloy welding wire includes:

[0098] Step S201: Determine the basic composition content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg, and Zr;

[0099] Step S202: Based on the above-mentioned basic component content, calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound using the Sc element content as a variable, determine at least the lower limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned precipitation temperature, and conduct an ingot casting test using the Sc element content as a variable based on the above-mentioned basic component content to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine the upper limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned cooling rate and the above-mentioned critical size.

[0100] Step S203: Determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount, and prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0101] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes the improved AL-MG alloy welding wire preparation method.

[0102] Specifically, the improved method for preparing AL-MG alloy welding wire includes:

[0103] Step S201: Determine the basic composition content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg, and Zr;

[0104] Step S202: Based on the above-mentioned basic component content, calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound using the Sc element content as a variable, determine at least the lower limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned precipitation temperature, and conduct an ingot casting test using the Sc element content as a variable based on the above-mentioned basic component content to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine the upper limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned cooling rate and the above-mentioned critical size.

[0105] Step S203: Determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount, and prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0106] This invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it performs at least the following steps:

[0107] Step S201: Determine the basic composition content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg, and Zr;

[0108] Step S202: Based on the above-mentioned basic component content, calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound using the Sc element content as a variable, determine at least the lower limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned precipitation temperature, and conduct an ingot casting test using the Sc element content as a variable based on the above-mentioned basic component content to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine the upper limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned cooling rate and the above-mentioned critical size.

[0109] Step S203: Determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount, and prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0110] The devices mentioned in this article can be servers, PCs, tablets, mobile phones, etc.

[0111] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program having at least the following method steps:

[0112] Step S201: Determine the basic composition content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg, and Zr;

[0113] Step S202: Based on the above-mentioned basic component content, calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound using the Sc element content as a variable, determine at least the lower limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned precipitation temperature, and conduct an ingot casting test using the Sc element content as a variable based on the above-mentioned basic component content to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine the upper limit of the Sc element addition based on the above-mentioned cooling rate and the above-mentioned critical size.

[0114] Step S203: Determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and upper limit of the addition amount, and prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

[0115] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0116] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0117] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0118] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0119] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0120] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0121] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0122] Computer-readable media include both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0123] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0124] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0125] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire, characterized in that, include: The basic composition content of Al-Mg aluminum alloys and the critical size of the target compound were determined. The basic composition includes Al, Mg and Zr. Based on the content of the basic components, the precipitation temperature of the target compound is calculated with the Sc element content as a variable. At least the lower limit of the Sc element addition is determined based on the precipitation temperature. Based on the content of the basic components, the ingot casting test is performed with the Sc element content as a variable to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process. The upper limit of the Sc element addition is determined based on the cooling rate and the critical size. The optimal amount of Sc element is determined based on the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount, and Al-Mg alloy welding wire is prepared based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum addition amount of Sc element is determined based at least on the precipitation temperature, including: Determine the alloy liquidus temperature of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy; If the difference between the precipitation temperature and the alloy liquid phase temperature is less than a first preset difference, the Sc element content corresponding to the precipitation temperature is determined as the lower limit of the addition amount.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned basic component content, ingot casting tests were conducted using the Sc element content as a variable to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, including: Based on the content of the basic components, and using the content of Sc element as a variable, fluid dynamics calculation software is used to simulate the ingot casting process to obtain the temperature field distribution of the casting process. Based on the temperature field distribution, the cooling rate of multiple ingot locations is determined, wherein the ingot locations include the ingot core, the ingot at a preset proportional radius, and the ingot at a preset depth below the surface.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper limit of the amount of Sc element to be added is determined based on the cooling rate and the critical size, including: Based on the cooling rate, the compound size is predicted using thermodynamic components; If the difference between the critical size and the compound size is less than a second preset difference, the Sc element content corresponding to the cooling rate is determined to be the upper limit of the addition amount.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the optimal addition amount of the Sc element based on the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount includes: Within the range between the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount, the addition amount of the Sc element is set according to the preset adjustment step size to conduct ingot casting test, obtain the corresponding cooling rate, and determine the corresponding compound size based on the cooling rate; The requirements for welding wire preparation are obtained, the size of the compound that meets the requirements is determined as the target size, and the amount of Sc element added corresponding to the target size is determined as the optimal amount added.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After preparing the Al-Mg alloy welding wire according to the optimal addition amount of the Sc element and the basic composition content of the Al-Mg aluminum alloy, the method further includes: The Al-Mg alloy welding wire was used to conduct ingot melting and casting tests to obtain test results. Based on the test results, it was determined whether the Al-Mg alloy welding wire met the requirements for welding wire preparation.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target compound is Al3(Sc,Zr), and the Sc content in the Al-Mg alloy welding wire is between 0.15 wt.% and 0.33 wt.%.

8. An improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation apparatus, characterized in that, include: The first determining unit is used to determine the basic composition content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy and the critical size of the target compound, wherein the basic composition includes Al, Mg and Zr; The second determining unit is used to calculate the precipitation temperature of the target compound based on the content of the basic components and with the content of Sc element as a variable, determine at least the lower limit of the amount of Sc element added based on the precipitation temperature, and conduct ingot casting test based on the content of the basic components and with the content of Sc element as a variable to obtain the cooling rate of the ingot casting process, and determine the upper limit of the amount of Sc element added based on the cooling rate and the critical size. The preparation unit is used to determine the optimal amount of Sc element to be added based on the lower limit and the upper limit of the addition amount, and to prepare Al-Mg alloy welding wire based on the optimal amount of Sc element and the basic component content of Al-Mg aluminum alloy.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the improved Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising methods for performing the modified Al-Mg alloy welding wire preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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