An airport facility equipment autonomous state coordination verification and safety alarm method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of airport operation safety warning, in particular to an airport facility and equipment autonomous state cooperative verification and safety warning method, which comprises the following steps: defining an autonomous state data structure suitable for a manhole cover autonomous device and a reflective marker autonomous device; after the state of the manhole cover changes from closed to open, periodically sending a verification request message to find a reflective marker in a preset distance range whose state is vertical; when the reflective marker receives the verification request message consistent with the device type and state model of the reflective marker, returning a state response message; when the current state in the state response message and the bidirectional receiving signal strength of the verification request message and the state response message satisfy a preset stability condition in continuous multiple interactions, the manhole cover determines that there is a normal marker; if there is at least one normal marker, no warning is given, otherwise, warning is given. The application can reduce the dependence on manual patrol while avoiding the introduction of complex and expensive positioning or network infrastructure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of airport operation safety alarm technology, specifically to a method for collaborative verification and safety alarm of the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Airport operations are equipped with a wide variety of facilities and equipment, including manhole covers, inspection doors, warning signs, mobile work equipment, and safety auxiliary devices. In some safety scenarios, the need to issue a safety alarm cannot be determined solely based on the status of a single piece of equipment; it requires simultaneous verification of the current status of the equipment and the real-time status of nearby related equipment. For example, when a piece of equipment enters an on / off or operational state, another type of safety facility nearby should be in its prescribed normal operating condition; otherwise, it constitutes a safety hazard.

[0003] Take manhole cover operations on the apron as an example. Airport apron areas contain various underground utility facilities such as cable manholes, drainage manholes, and communication manholes. When manhole covers need to be opened for construction, inspection, or equipment maintenance, conspicuous reflective markers (such as cones and reflective posts) must be placed in the work area to warn passing aircraft and ground vehicles to give way. However, airport operations are busy, and maintenance windows are usually short. Operators need to focus their main attention on the maintenance work itself, and may easily neglect the placement, erection, and on-site verification of warning signs after the manhole cover is opened, resulting in missing or inadequate safety warning measures.

[0004] To improve the automation and intelligence of safe operations, existing technologies attempt to install low-cost sensors, microcontrollers, and short-range wireless communication components on manhole covers and reflective markers, respectively. The device on the manhole cover is only used to monitor whether the cover is closed or open; the device on the reflective marker is only used to monitor whether it is in a normal upright position or lying down. Both devices are equal in function, independently determining and expressing their own physical state.

[0005] However, the existing solutions still have the following shortcomings: First, whether the manhole cover has been placed and reflective markers erected as required after it is opened still depends on the conscious operation of on-site personnel or manual inspection by supervisory personnel, making it difficult to achieve real-time automatic verification, and the risk of oversight still exists; Second, some solutions rely on cameras, positioning base stations or complex network infrastructure to realize the correlation judgment between devices, resulting in complex system architecture and high deployment costs, which are not suitable for the large-scale and decentralized on-site environment of airports; Third, there is a lack of a mechanism that enables each facility and device to autonomously and collaboratively verify each other based on their real-time status, that is, devices cannot complete the combined condition judgment of "this device status + related device status" on-site and issue an alarm in an equal manner without relying on higher-level control devices.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to propose a method that enables airport on-site facilities and equipment to autonomously complete status collaborative verification and security alerts, thereby reducing reliance on manual inspections while avoiding the introduction of complex and expensive positioning or network infrastructure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To enable autonomous status verification and security alerts for airport facilities and equipment, thereby reducing reliance on manual inspections and avoiding the introduction of complex and expensive positioning or network infrastructure, this application provides, in a first aspect, a method for autonomous status verification and security alerts for airport facilities and equipment. The method includes: Define an autonomous state data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including protocol version, identity field, state field, and processing rule field; the identity field stores the device type, device number, and state model number in sequence; When the state of the manhole cover autonomous device changes from closed to open, it periodically sends verification request messages to locate autonomous devices of reflective markers that are upright within a preset distance range. The verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current state in the state field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated state model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and the first verification value. The common message header includes the protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. When the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own device type and state model, it returns a state response message. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the state response message is a normal marker in an upright state within a preset distance range, based on the current state in the state response message and the fact that the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the state response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The state response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and state sequence number in the state field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. If at least one normal marker is present, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the state domain stores the current state, state number, set of allowed states, and set of normal states in sequence; the processing rule domain stores the local trigger state, associated device type, associated state model, set of associated normal states, minimum number of associated devices, first verification time, inspection cycle, and failure time in sequence.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: When the status of the reflective marker autonomous device that has sent a status response message changes, a status change message is sent to the manhole cover autonomous device. The status change message is generated based on the common message header, the current status and status sequence number in the status field, and the third check value. If the manhole cover autonomous device determines that the reflective marker autonomous device is in the latest state based on the state sequence number in the state change message, it will recount the number of normal markers. If there is at least one normal marker, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound an alarm.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the common message header sequentially uses a one-byte protocol version, a one-byte message type, a one-byte device type, a four-byte device number, a one-byte status model number, and a two-byte message sequence number; the device status uses one byte; the verification sequence number and the status sequence number each use two bytes; the received signal strength uses one signed byte; the response time window uses two bytes; the end of the message uses a two-byte CRC16-CCITT checksum; multi-byte fields adopt a fixed order with the most significant byte first; the verification request message is nineteen bytes, the status response message is eighteen bytes, and the status change message is fifteen bytes.

[0011] In one possible implementation, before determining whether the reflective marker autonomous device sending the status response message is a normal marker that is upright within a preset distance range, the method further includes: For status response messages that enter the response time window, check their protocol version, second check value, corresponding verification sequence number and message sequence number, and discard status response messages with mismatched protocol version, verification error, mismatched verification sequence number, and duplicate message sequence number.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the autonomous state data structure further includes a communication parameter field and an action field; the communication parameter field stores, in sequence, the transmit power, initial confirmation signal threshold, sustained signal threshold, bidirectional signal difference, number of samples, minimum number of qualified signals, and range of qualified signal variation; the action field stores, in sequence, actions that meet the requirements, actions that do not meet the requirements, and actions that restore the requirements to meet the requirements, and the preset stability condition is determined through the following steps: Obtain the first signal strength of the verification request message and the second signal strength of the status response message; When the reflective marker autonomous device is detected for the first time, it is determined whether the first signal strength and the second signal strength are not lower than the first confirmation signal threshold. When the reflective marker autonomous device has been confirmed, it is determined whether the first signal strength and the second signal strength are not lower than the continuous holding signal threshold. The continuous holding signal threshold is lower than the first confirmation signal threshold. If the signal strength of the first signal and the signal strength of the second signal meet the requirements and the difference between the first signal strength and the second signal strength is within the range of the bidirectional signal difference, the weaker of the two shall be taken as the qualified signal for this verification. In the most recent sample quantity group verification results, if at least the minimum qualified quantity group is qualified and the change range of the qualified signal does not exceed the change range of the qualified signal, then the preset stability condition is determined to be met.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: When the self-regulating device for manhole covers changes from open to closed, it stops searching for self-regulating devices for reflective markers that are upright within a preset distance range and stops issuing alarms.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a collaborative verification and security alarm device for the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, the device comprising: The data structure module is used to define the autonomous state data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including protocol version, identity field, state field, and processing rule field; the identity field stores the device type, device number, and state model number in sequence. The verification module is used to periodically send verification request messages when the state of the manhole cover autonomous device changes from closed to open, and to locate autonomous devices of reflective markers that are in an upright state within a preset distance range. The verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current state in the state field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated state model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and the first verification value. The common message header includes the protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. The status response module is used to return a status response message when the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own equipment type and status model. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the status response message is a normal marker with an upright state within a preset distance range when the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions based on the current state in the status response message and when the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The status response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and status sequence number in the status field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. The result module is used to prevent alarms if at least one normal marker is present, and otherwise drive an LED to flash or a buzzer to sound an alarm.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the device further includes: The status change module is used to send a status change message to the manhole cover autonomous device when the status of the reflective marker autonomous device that has sent a status response message changes. The status change message is generated based on the common message header, the current status and status sequence number in the status field, and the third check value. The update module is used to recount the number of normal markers when the manhole cover autonomous device determines that the reflective marker autonomous device is in the latest state based on the state sequence number in the state change message. If there is at least one normal marker, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound an alarm.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for collaborative verification and security alarm of autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment.

[0017] This application provides a method for collaborative verification and security alarm of the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, comprising: defining an autonomous status data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including a protocol version, an identity field, a status field, and a processing rule field; the identity field sequentially storing the device type, device number, and status model number; when the status of the autonomous manhole cover device changes from closed to open, periodically sending verification request messages to search for autonomous reflective marker devices with an upright status within a preset distance range; the verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current status in the status field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated status model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and a first verification value; the common message header includes a protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. When the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own device type and state model, it returns a status response message. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device sending the status response message is a normal marker in an upright state within a preset distance range, based on the current state in the status response message and the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meeting a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The status response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and status sequence number in the state field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. If at least one normal marker exists, no alarm is triggered; otherwise, an LED flashes or a buzzer sounds. This application can reduce reliance on manual inspections while avoiding the introduction of complex and expensive positioning or network infrastructure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a collaborative verification and security alarm method for the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the autonomous verification process after the manhole cover is opened. Figure 3 A diagram showing the on-site relationship between the self-regulating manhole cover device and the self-regulating reflective marker device; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a custom autonomous state data structure; Figure 5 Structure diagram of short message for inter-device status verification; Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the workflow of a self-regulating manhole cover device; Figure 7 Flowchart of the self-regulating device for reflective markers; Figure 8 This is a closed-loop diagram of data structure, protocol fields, and autonomous processing. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Firstly, see [the following] Figure 1 This application provides a method for collaborative verification and security alarm of the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, the method comprising: S101 defines an autonomous state data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices.

[0020] It includes protocol version, identity field, status field, and processing rule field; the identity field stores device type, device number, and status model number in sequence.

[0021] The status field stores the current status, status number, allowed status set, and normal status set in sequence; the processing rule field stores the local trigger status, associated device type, associated status model, associated normal status set, minimum number of associated devices, initial verification time, inspection cycle, and expiration time in sequence.

[0022] The protocol version is set independently in the header of the complete structure; the device type is used to distinguish between autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices; the manhole cover status includes closed and open, and the reflective marker status includes upright and fallen, and can also include unknown status or sensor failure; the device saves its current status, incrementing the status number each time a change in physical status is detected, to identify the latest status and discard duplicate or expired messages, and does not save the personnel placement process; when the manhole cover changes from closed to open, proximity verification is triggered, and verification continues to be triggered periodically during the manhole cover's open period; the reflective marker triggers status transmission when it receives a verification request or detects a change in its own posture. The associated device conditions define the type of device to be searched, the normal state that the other party should reach, the minimum number, proximity conditions, and the allowed time to complete the verification. The manhole cover embodiment requires at least one nearby reflective marker to be in an upright state.

[0023] Autonomous manhole cover device: Installed on the manhole cover, manhole seat, or a fixed location near the manhole opening, including a manhole cover opening / closing status sensor, microcontroller, memory, short-range wireless component, LED indicator, and buzzer. The opening / closing status of the manhole cover can be detected using a reed switch, Hall effect switch, micro switch, limit switch, or tilt switch. Autonomous reflective marker device: Installed on cones, reflective posts, movable barriers, or other conspicuous reflective markers, including an attitude sensor, microcontroller, memory, short-range wireless component, and battery. Attitude can be detected using a tilt switch, ball switch, tilt sensor, or low-cost accelerometer.

[0024] S102, when the state of the manhole cover self-governing device changes from closed to open, a verification request message is periodically sent to search for self-governing devices of reflective markers that are in an upright state within a preset distance range.

[0025] The verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current status in the status field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated status model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and the first verification value; the common message header includes the protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number.

[0026] Common message header: This includes, in sequence, the protocol version, message type, sending device type, sending device number, state model number, and message sequence number. The protocol version is used for compatibility with different program versions; the state model number is used to interpret the device state; the message sequence number increments with each transmission to discard duplicate messages.

[0027] Verification request message: Consists of a common message header, the current status of the device, the verification sequence number, the type of associated device to be searched, the associated status model number, the response time window, and the verification value. When an autonomous device enters the trigger state specified by the rules, it sends this message at a set low transmit power.

[0028] There is no hierarchical relationship between the two devices. The autonomous manhole cover device does not assign tasks to reflective markers, and the reflective markers do not retain information about which manhole cover they belong to. The autonomous manhole cover device only requests verification of whether a normal intelligent reflective marker exists nearby; the reflective marker receiving the request only reports its current status. The basic unit of this application consists of two or more equal autonomous devices. Each device monitors its own physical status and, according to a custom state processing logic, determines when to obtain the status of associated devices, how to combine judgments, and what alarm actions to execute. During the manhole cover opening period, as long as there is at least one normally functioning intelligent reflective marker within the specified proximity range, the manhole cover end determines that the requirement is met.

[0029] S103, when the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own equipment type and state model, it returns a state response message. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the state response message is a normal marker in a vertical state within a preset distance range, based on the current state in the state response message and the fact that the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the state response message meets the preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1.

[0030] The status response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and state sequence number in the state field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second checksum. The status response message consists of a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state of the responding device, the state sequence number, the signal strength of the responding device when it received the verification request, and the checksum. The corresponding verification sequence number is used to associate the response with the current request, and the state sequence number is used to determine the sequence of the reflective marker's own state and identify its latest posture. In this manhole cover embodiment, the current state is the upright or fallen posture of the reflective marker.

[0031] The manhole cover self-governing device will also check the protocol version, second check value, corresponding verification sequence number and message sequence number of the status response message that enters the response time window, and discard status response messages with mismatched protocol version, verification error, mismatched verification sequence number and duplicate message sequence number.

[0032] In one example, the autonomous state data structure further includes a communication parameter field and an action field; the communication parameter field stores the transmit power, initial confirmation signal threshold, sustained signal threshold, bidirectional signal difference, number of samples, minimum number of qualified samples, and range of qualified signal variation in sequence; the action field stores the satisfied action, unsatisfied action, and restored satisfied action in sequence, where satisfied action means no alarm, unsatisfied action means alarm, and restored satisfied action means from alarm to no alarm.

[0033] The preset stability condition is determined through the following steps: Obtain the first signal strength of the verification request message and the second signal strength of the status response message; When the reflective marker autonomous device is detected for the first time, it is determined whether the first signal strength and the second signal strength are not lower than the first confirmation signal threshold. When the reflective marker autonomous device has been confirmed, it is determined whether the first signal strength and the second signal strength are not lower than the continuous holding signal threshold. The continuous holding signal threshold is lower than the first confirmation signal threshold. If the signal strength of the first signal and the signal strength of the second signal meet the requirements and the difference between the first signal strength and the second signal strength is within the range of the bidirectional signal difference, the weaker of the two shall be taken as the qualified signal for this verification. In the most recent sample quantity group verification results, if at least the minimum qualified quantity group is qualified and the change range of the qualified signal does not exceed the change range of the qualified signal, then the preset stability condition is determined to be met.

[0034] This application does not convert wireless signals into specific distances, but rather limits the on-site range that can be detected by manhole covers by using the minimum applicable transmission power, the received signal strength in both directions, and the stability of multiple consecutive results. The current posture of the reflective marker must be upright. Even if the signal is strong, a fallen marker is not considered a normal marker. The signal strength of both the reflective marker receiving the verification request and the manhole cover receiving the status response should reach the on-site set value, and the difference between the two directions should not exceed the allowable range. For each set of results, the weaker signal in the two directions is taken as the valid signal for that set. A stricter initial confirmation signal threshold is used when a reflective marker is first detected; a more lenient sustained signal threshold is used after the marker has been confirmed. The two different thresholds form a holding interval to prevent markers located at the boundary of the on-site range from repeatedly entering and exiting the valid state due to slight signal fluctuations. The manhole cover stores the most recent N sets of bidirectional results. At least K sets simultaneously meet the bidirectional signal threshold and bidirectional difference conditions, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the weaker signal in these qualified results does not exceed the set range before the reflective marker is confirmed to be within the specified close range. This method does not convert signal strength to metric distance. When multiple reflective markers are detected simultaneously on a manhole cover, the site requirements are considered met as long as at least one of them meets the conditions of attitude, bidirectional signal, and continuous stability. Reflective markers are not exclusively assigned to any one manhole cover.

[0035] During on-site installation, bidirectional signals are collected in the designated placement area, the area boundary, and the area clearly beyond the designated area. The lowest transmission power and signal conditions are selected that can cover the designated area while excluding devices that are clearly beyond the designated area. These conditions are only used to distinguish whether the device is within the designated close range and do not output the metric distance.

[0036] This application adopts autonomous execution without a superior control device. Each device only monitors its own status and interacts directly according to a unified protocol. The device that initiates the verification completes the combined judgment and alarm locally.

[0037] S104: If at least one normal marker is present, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound.

[0038] This application provides a method for collaborative verification and security alarm of the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, comprising: defining an autonomous status data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including a protocol version, an identity field, a status field, and a processing rule field; the identity field sequentially storing the device type, device number, and status model number; when the status of the autonomous manhole cover device changes from closed to open, periodically sending verification request messages to search for autonomous reflective marker devices with an upright status within a preset distance range; the verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current status in the status field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated status model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and a first verification value; the common message header includes a protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. When the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own device type and state model, it returns a status response message. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device sending the status response message is a normal marker in an upright state within a preset distance range, based on the current state in the status response message and the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meeting a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The status response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and status sequence number in the state field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. If at least one normal marker exists, no alarm is triggered; otherwise, an LED flashes or a buzzer sounds. This application can reduce reliance on manual inspections while avoiding the introduction of complex and expensive positioning or network infrastructure.

[0039] In one example, the method further includes: When the status of the reflective marker autonomous device that has sent a status response message changes, a status change message is sent to the manhole cover autonomous device. The status change message is generated based on the common message header, the current status and status sequence number in the status field, and the third check value. If the manhole cover autonomous device determines that the reflective marker autonomous device is in the latest state based on the state sequence number in the state change message, it will recount the number of normal markers. If there is at least one normal marker, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound an alarm.

[0040] The common message header uses a one-byte protocol version, a one-byte message type, a one-byte device type, a four-byte device number, a one-byte status model number, and a two-byte message sequence number in sequence. The device status uses one byte. The verification sequence number and status sequence number each use two bytes. The received signal strength uses one signed byte. The response time window uses two bytes. The end of the message uses a two-byte CRC16-CCITT check value. Multi-byte fields use a fixed order with the most significant byte first. The verification request message is nineteen bytes, the status response message is eighteen bytes, and the status change message is fifteen bytes.

[0041] See Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the autonomous verification process after a manhole cover is opened. When the cover is closed, the autonomous manhole cover device only monitors its own open / closed status and does not require the presence of reflective markers nearby. The autonomous reflective marker device independently monitors its own posture. On-site personnel can place reflective markers before opening the manhole cover, or carry and move them according to site arrangements. The autonomous reflective marker device only updates its upright or fallen status. After detecting an open manhole cover, the autonomous device for the manhole cover initiates verification of nearby markers. It sends a verification request with low transmission power. The autonomous device for the reflective marker within its wireless reception range first checks the length of the verification request, protocol version, CRC checksum, target device type, and target state model. If all conditions are met, it reads its current attitude and the signal strength at the time of receiving the request, encodes it according to a fixed field sequence, and sends a status response message. The manhole cover verifies the message and obtains the response signal strength. Based on an initial confirmation threshold or a sustained holding threshold, it checks whether at least K combinations in the most recent N groups are valid and that the variation range is limited. Specifically, the autonomous device for the manhole cover checks the length of the status response, protocol version, CRC checksum, message sequence number, and verification sequence number, while simultaneously obtaining the signal strength at the time of receiving the response from its own wireless component. The initial confirmation signal threshold is used when the reflective marker is first detected; the sustained holding signal threshold is used when it has already been confirmed. When both sides' signals, continuous stability, and attitude meet the conditions, the reflective marker is considered a normal nearby marker. If at least one nearby normal marker is found within the specified verification time, no alarm will be triggered; if no marker is found, the LED will immediately flash, the buzzer will sound, or both will activate simultaneously. The above verification process is repeated periodically while the manhole cover remains open. A status change message is sent when the posture of a confirmed reflective marker changes; the manhole cover verifies its equipment type, status model, message sequence number, and status sequence number, and then immediately recalculates the number of normal markers. If at least one normal marker remains, no alarm will be triggered; if all detected normal markers are fallen, moved out of range, or remain unreachable, an alarm will be triggered. The alarm will automatically stop once at least one nearby normal marker is rediscovered.

[0042] In one example, the method further includes: When the self-regulating device for manhole covers changes from open to closed, it stops searching for self-regulating devices for reflective markers that are upright within a preset distance range and stops issuing alarms.

[0043] See Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the on-site relationship between the autonomous manhole cover device and the autonomous reflective marker device. The two devices achieve bidirectional interaction via low power. The autonomous manhole cover device monitors whether the manhole cover is open or closed, and when open, verifies the presence of a functioning intelligent reflective marker nearby. If the requirement is not met, the LED flashes or a buzzer sounds. The autonomous reflective marker device monitors its own posture, reports its current status and the strength of received request signals, and sends the latest status when its posture changes.

[0044] See Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a custom autonomous status data structure. The autonomous device status data structure includes a protocol version, identity field, status field, processing rule field, communication parameter field, and action field. For a manhole cover autonomous device, the status is divided into closed and open, triggered by a change from closed to open, associated with the marker being erected, and communication includes an initial confirmation threshold and a continuous hold threshold. Actions are either no alarm if the condition is met, or flashing light or beeping if the condition is not met. The reflective marker autonomous device has statuses including erected and fallen, triggered by receiving a verification request or a change in posture, only judging its own current posture, and actions include feedback or actively sending the current status.

[0045] See Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the structure of short message status verification between devices. The two devices communicate directly wirelessly using low power and short data transmissions. The protocol only defines verification request messages, status response messages, and status change messages; it does not establish device dependency relationships.

[0046] Message types can be defined as: verification request, status response, and status change; device types can be defined as: manhole cover and reflective marker; manhole cover status can be defined as closed and open; reflective marker status can be defined as upright and fallen. Specific numerical codes are configured uniformly by the program.

[0047] The verification request message includes the protocol version, message type, initiating device number, state model number, message sequence number, current status of the local device, current verification sequence number, associated device type, associated state model number, response time window, and CRC16 checksum; the status response message includes the protocol version, message type, reflective marker device number, state model number, message sequence number, corresponding verification sequence number, current attitude, status sequence number, signal strength of the received request, and CRC16 checksum; the status change message includes the protocol version, message type, luminous marker device number, state model number, message sequence number, latest attitude, status sequence number, and CRC16 checksum.

[0048] The protocol uses three sequence numbers with different meanings: the message sequence number is used to identify duplicate messages generated by the same sending device; the verification sequence number is used to map the status response to the current round of verification of the manhole cover; and the status sequence number is used to determine the order of the reflective marker's own status and identify its latest posture. The three sequence numbers respectively solve the problems of message duplication, current round response mapping, and status update.

[0049] The protocol processing rules are as follows: the receiver first checks the message length, protocol version, and CRC checksum; only autonomous devices whose device type and state model match the verification request return a status response; the status response must carry the original verification sequence number; the manhole cover only processes responses with the same verification sequence number; messages with duplicate or smaller sequence numbers from the same device do not enter the continuous stability window; status change messages must also originate from a confirmed reflective marker, and their status sequence number must be greater than the status sequence number already saved by the manhole cover. This allows for the mapping of the current local verification with the latest status of associated devices even without a unified clock or upper-level control equipment.

[0050] See Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the autonomous manhole cover device's workflow. After the manhole cover changes from closed to open, a 19-byte verification request is sent and an 18-byte status response is verified. If the posture is normal and at least K groups out of N groups are correct, the device is deemed to meet the specifications and no alarm is triggered, and the inspection continues; otherwise, an alarm is triggered. Status acquisition procedure: Periodically reads the manhole cover opening / closing sensor and continuously samples and confirms short-term jitter. Verification procedure: After the manhole cover is confirmed to be open, a verification sequence number is generated. The common message header, local status, verification sequence number, target device type, target status model, and response window are encoded into a 19-byte verification request, which is sent at low transmission power. Status responses from one or more reflective markers are received within the response window. Filtering procedure: Each response is checked for length, protocol version, and CRC check value, followed by checks for device type, status model, message sequence number, verification sequence number, and posture. Duplicate messages and responses not from the current round are not entered into the temporary window. Responses meeting the above conditions are then checked against the bidirectional signal according to the initial confirmation or continuous hold threshold, and the results are saved in a temporary window of fixed length. Judgment Procedure: Output satisfies when the temporary window is stable and at least one qualified marker is present; output fails to satisfy when no qualified marker is present by the end of the response window. The temporary window only saves the most recent results, overwriting older results upon update. Alarm Procedure: LEDs or buzzers are activated when output fails to satisfy; alarms stop when output satisfies or the manhole cover is closed. The verification procedure is repeated at a set cycle when the manhole cover remains open.

[0051] See Figure 7This is a flowchart of the workflow for a reflective marker autonomous device. When the type, model, and CRC of the verification request match, an 18-byte status response is encoded and sent to the manhole cover autonomous device. When the attitude changes, a 15-byte status change message is encoded and sent to the autonomous device. The attitude acquisition program periodically reads the attitude sensor, continuously sampling to confirm whether the cover is upright or fallen. The status update program updates the current status and adds a status number upon detecting a change in attitude, immediately sending a status change message. The request receiving program receives verification requests from the manhole cover autonomous device and obtains the signal strength at the time of receipt from the wireless reception information. The status response program encodes its own device number, current attitude, status number, corresponding verification number, and the signal strength of the received request into an 18-byte status response message in a fixed order, calculates the CRC16-CCITT check value, and returns it at a specified transmission power. A 15-byte status change message is used when the attitude changes. The reflective marker autonomous device does not determine how many manhole covers are nearby or which manhole cover it is providing a warning for. Its program is only responsible for sensing its own attitude and accurately reporting the current status.

[0052] This application does not set up data structures, communication messages, and alarm procedures separately, but rather uses the same set of fields throughout all three parts. The device type and status model number in the identity field are written into the message header and verification request to determine which autonomous devices respond; the current status and status sequence number in the status field are written into the status response to determine whether the associated device is normal and whether its status is up-to-date; the associated device type, associated normal status, and minimum quantity in the processing rules field are used to generate requests and filter qualified devices; the transmit power, bidirectional signal threshold, N sets of sampling, and K sets of qualifying conditions in the communication parameter field are used to determine whether it falls within the specified close-range range; the action field executes no-alarm, alarm, or recovery actions based on the final qualified quantity. The above correspondence is as follows: Figure 8 As shown: Define an autonomous state data structure, including identity field, state field, processing rule field, communication parameter field, and action field. Generate verification request based on device type, state model, local state, and verification sequence number. Based on the current state, state sequence number, corresponding verification sequence number, and request signal return status response, substitute into the processing rule to complete local judgment. If the sequence number corresponds, the state is normal, the bidirectional signals meet at least K sets of N groups and the quantity is satisfied, then execute any one of the following according to the action field: no alarm, alarm, or stop alarm.

[0053] In one example, both the manhole cover autonomous device and the reflective marker autonomous device can utilize a low-cost microcontroller with integrated 2.4GHz wireless functionality, such as the ESP8684, ESP32-C2, or a chip with equivalent functionality. The two ends can directly exchange short messages using ESP-NOW, or they can use other short-range wireless methods that allow setting the transmit power and reading the received signal strength. The chip model and wireless method do not change the aforementioned autonomous state rules and processing order.

[0054] One example set of parameters is as follows: a low transmit power configurable by the chip; received signals in both directions are no less than -68 dB / mW during initial confirmation, with a sustained threshold of -74 dB / mW after confirmation; the difference between the two directions does not exceed 10 dB; at least four of the most recent five results are valid; the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the weaker direction signal in the valid results does not exceed 10 dB; the initial verification time after the manhole cover is opened is 2.6 seconds; a check is performed every 0.6 seconds during opening; an alarm is triggered if no valid marker is found for 2.4 consecutive seconds. The 2.6 seconds is used to complete the initial continuous sampling and judgment and is not considered a grace period for opening the manhole cover before placing reflective markers. The above values ​​are calibrated based on the manhole cover material, antenna location, and specified on-site conditions.

[0055] When the manhole cover is closed, the devices at both ends can operate in a low-power mode. They are immediately activated when the manhole cover is opened or closed, or when the reflective marker changes position; otherwise, they check sensors and wireless messages at a lower frequency to extend battery life.

[0056] Example of on-site operation: Maintenance personnel first place intelligent reflective markers near the manhole cover. The autonomous device of the reflective markers detects that they are upright and maintains this state. Subsequently, the personnel open the manhole cover, and the autonomous device immediately sends a verification request. The reflective markers return to the upright state and request signal strength. After the manhole cover end continuously obtains qualified two-way results, no alarm is issued.

[0057] If there are no smart reflective markers nearby when personnel open the manhole cover, or if nearby markers are fallen over, the manhole cover will immediately flash a light or sound an alarm after the initial verification period. After personnel place and erect the reflective markers, the manhole cover will re-verify and automatically stop alarming. If a marker falls over or is moved out of the designated area while the manhole cover is open, the manhole cover will alarm again. Verification and alarming will stop after the manhole cover is closed.

[0058] The solution presented in this application has the following technical advantages: 1. Instant Reminder: After the manhole cover is opened, it automatically checks for nearby reflective markers and immediately alerts on-site personnel if they are missing, fallen, or outside the designated area.

[0059] 2. Reduce oversights: When maintenance time windows are short and personnel's attention is focused on maintenance operations, automatically supplement the checks for safety warning requirements.

[0060] 3. Equipment autonomy: Manhole covers and reflective markers monitor their own status and make on-site judgments through equal short message interaction.

[0061] 4. Reduce management pressure: Reduce the workload of supervisory and management personnel in continuously inspecting manhole cover warning measures.

[0062] 5. Low cost: It can be implemented using simple switches, attitude sensors and low-cost wireless microcontrollers, without the need for precise ranging or complex networks.

[0063] Besides manhole covers and reflective markers, this method can also be used for combinations such as the opening of maintenance doors and the status of nearby warning facilities, the opening of safety doors and the status of nearby protective devices, and the entry of mobile work equipment into operation and the status of safety support devices. Each implementation only requires changing the equipment type, state model, associated equipment conditions, and alarm actions.

[0064] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a collaborative verification and security alarm device for the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, the device comprising: The data structure module is used to define the autonomous state data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including protocol version, identity field, state field, and processing rule field; the identity field stores the device type, device number, and state model number in sequence. The verification module is used to periodically send verification request messages when the state of the manhole cover autonomous device changes from closed to open, and to locate autonomous devices of reflective markers that are in an upright state within a preset distance range. The verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current state in the state field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated state model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and the first verification value. The common message header includes the protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. The status response module is used to return a status response message when the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own equipment type and status model. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the status response message is a normal marker with an upright state within a preset distance range when the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions based on the current state in the status response message and when the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The status response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and status sequence number in the status field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. The result module is used to prevent alarms if at least one normal marker is present, and otherwise drive an LED to flash or a buzzer to sound an alarm.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the device further includes: The status change module is used to send a status change message to the manhole cover autonomous device when the status of the reflective marker autonomous device that has sent a status response message changes. The status change message is generated based on the common message header, the current status and status sequence number in the status field, and the third check value. The update module is used to recount the number of normal markers when the manhole cover autonomous device determines that the reflective marker autonomous device is in the latest state based on the state sequence number in the state change message. If there is at least one normal marker, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound an alarm.

[0066] In one example, the device further includes an inspection module for inspecting the protocol version, second check value, corresponding verification sequence number, and message sequence number of status response messages entering the response time window, and discarding status response messages with mismatched protocol version, verification error, mismatched verification sequence number, or duplicate message sequence number.

[0067] In one example, the device also includes a recovery module for stopping the search for autonomous reflective markers that are in an upright state within a preset distance range and stopping the alarm when the state of the manhole cover autonomous device changes from open to closed.

[0068] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for collaborative verification and security alarm of autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment.

[0069] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (SSD)).

[0070] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device embodiments are described simply because they are similar to the method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0072] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collaborative verification and security alarm of the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, characterized in that, The method includes: Define an autonomous state data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including protocol version, identity field, state field, and processing rule field; the identity field stores the device type, device number, and state model number in sequence; When the state of the manhole cover autonomous device changes from closed to open, it periodically sends verification request messages to locate autonomous devices of reflective markers that are upright within a preset distance range. The verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current state in the state field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated state model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and the first verification value. The common message header includes the protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. When the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own device type and state model, it returns a state response message. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the state response message is a normal marker in an upright state within a preset distance range, based on the current state in the state response message and the fact that the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the state response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The state response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and state sequence number in the state field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. If at least one normal marker is present, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The state field stores the current state, state number, set of allowed states, and set of normal states in sequence; the processing rule field stores the local trigger state, associated device type, associated state model, set of associated normal states, minimum number of associated devices, first verification time, inspection cycle, and expiration time in sequence.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the status of the reflective marker autonomous device that has sent a status response message changes, a status change message is sent to the manhole cover autonomous device. The status change message is generated based on the common message header, the current status and status sequence number in the status field, and the third check value. If the manhole cover autonomous device determines that the reflective marker autonomous device is in the latest state based on the state sequence number in the state change message, it will recount the number of normal markers. If there is at least one normal marker, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound an alarm.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The common message header uses a one-byte protocol version, a one-byte message type, a one-byte device type, a four-byte device number, a one-byte status model number, and a two-byte message sequence number in sequence. The device status uses one byte. The verification sequence number and status sequence number each use two bytes. The received signal strength uses one signed byte. The response time window uses two bytes. The end of the message uses a two-byte CRC16-CCITT check value. Multi-byte fields use a fixed order with the most significant byte first. The verification request message is nineteen bytes, the status response message is eighteen bytes, and the status change message is fifteen bytes.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the status response message is a normal marker that is upright within a preset distance range, the process also includes: For status response messages that enter the response time window, check their protocol version, second check value, corresponding verification sequence number and message sequence number, and discard status response messages with mismatched protocol version, verification error, mismatched verification sequence number, and duplicate message sequence number.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The autonomous state data structure also includes a communication parameter field and an action field. The communication parameter field stores the transmit power, initial confirmation signal threshold, sustained signal threshold, bidirectional signal difference, number of samples, minimum number of qualified signals, and range of qualified signal variation in sequence. The action field stores the satisfied action, unsatisfied action, and restored satisfied action in sequence. The preset stability condition is determined through the following steps: Obtain the first signal strength of the verification request message and the second signal strength of the status response message; When the reflective marker autonomous device is detected for the first time, it is determined whether the first signal strength and the second signal strength are not lower than the first confirmation signal threshold. When the reflective marker autonomous device has been confirmed, it is determined whether the first signal strength and the second signal strength are not lower than the continuous holding signal threshold. The continuous holding signal threshold is lower than the first confirmation signal threshold. If the signal strength of the first signal and the signal strength of the second signal meet the requirements and the difference between the first signal strength and the second signal strength is within the range of the bidirectional signal difference, the weaker of the two shall be taken as the qualified signal for this verification. In the most recent sample quantity group verification results, if at least the minimum qualified quantity group is qualified and the change range of the qualified signal does not exceed the change range of the qualified signal, then the preset stability condition is determined to be met.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the self-regulating device for manhole covers changes from open to closed, it stops searching for self-regulating devices for reflective markers that are upright within a preset distance range and stops issuing alarms.

8. A collaborative verification and security alarm device for the autonomous status of airport facilities and equipment, characterized in that, The device includes: The data structure module is used to define the autonomous state data structure applicable to autonomous manhole cover devices and autonomous reflective marker devices, including protocol version, identity field, state field, and processing rule field; the identity field stores the device type, device number, and state model number in sequence. The verification module is used to periodically send verification request messages when the state of the manhole cover autonomous device changes from closed to open, and to locate autonomous devices of reflective markers that are in an upright state within a preset distance range. The verification request message is generated based on a common message header, the current state in the state field, the verification sequence number, the associated device type and associated state model in the processing rule field, the response time window, and the first verification value. The common message header includes the protocol version, message type, identity field, and message sequence number. The status response module is used to return a status response message when the reflective marker autonomous device receives a verification request that matches its own equipment type and status model. The manhole cover autonomous device determines whether the reflective marker autonomous device that sent the status response message is a normal marker with an upright state within a preset distance range when the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions based on the current state in the status response message and when the bidirectional received signal strength of the verification request message and the status response message meets a preset stability condition in multiple consecutive interactions. If so, the normal marker count is incremented by 1. The status response message is generated based on a common message header, a corresponding verification sequence number, the current state and status sequence number in the status field, the received verification request signal strength, and a second verification value. The result module is used to prevent alarms if at least one normal marker is present, and otherwise drive an LED to flash or a buzzer to sound an alarm.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The device further includes: The status change module is used to send a status change message to the manhole cover autonomous device when the status of the reflective marker autonomous device that has sent a status response message changes. The status change message is generated based on the common message header, the current status and status sequence number in the status field, and the third check value. The update module is used to recount the number of normal markers when the manhole cover autonomous device determines that the reflective marker autonomous device is in the latest state based on the state sequence number in the state change message. If there is at least one normal marker, no alarm will be triggered; otherwise, the LED will flash or a buzzer will sound an alarm.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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