Elevator energy collection and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste power storage

Abstract

The application discloses an elevator energy collection and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste power storage, and relates to the technical fields of elevator cars, energy recovery and solid waste power storage. The system comprises a hydraulic power generation device, an energy storage unit and an energy management control module which are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the elevator car. The hydraulic power generation device is used for converting the kinetic energy of the descending elevator into hydraulic energy, and then converting the hydraulic energy into electric energy which is output to the energy storage unit. The energy storage unit is used for receiving and storing the electric energy generated by the hydraulic power generation device, and comprises a solid waste super capacitor and a solid waste battery. The energy management control module is connected with the hydraulic power generation device and the energy storage unit respectively, and is used for monitoring and analyzing the output electric energy of the hydraulic power generation device and the state of the energy storage unit, and controlling the distribution of the electric energy between the solid waste battery and the solid waste super capacitor according to the analysis result. The system can realize real-time charging and discharging adjustment according to the power generation state, the state of the solid waste battery and the state of the solid waste super capacitor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of elevator cars, energy recovery and solid waste energy storage technology, and in particular to an elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] With the elevator industry trending towards energy conservation and intelligentization, the energy consumption problem of vertical transportation in high-rise and commercial elevators is becoming increasingly prominent. Traditional elevators mostly use steel cable winches or single hydraulic drive structures, and the large amount of kinetic energy generated during descent is mostly converted into heat energy and consumed through braking devices, resulting in extremely low energy utilization. At the same time, applying energy storage components made from recycled solid waste to elevator energy recovery systems can not only solve the problem of energy waste but also realize the resource utilization of solid waste.

[0003] To achieve energy recovery, some elevators in the current technology are equipped with simple hydraulic power generation or motor regenerative braking energy recovery devices. However, such devices generally have many technical defects and have not been optimized by combining the advantages of solid waste energy storage technology.

[0004] Firstly, the hydraulic power generation structure is simple in design, and the power generation process is greatly affected by the elevator's descent speed and the impact of contact with the shaft. The generated current is prone to violent fluctuations, and directly charging the solid waste battery can easily cause overcurrent and overvoltage damage to the solid waste battery, significantly shortening its service life. Moreover, existing elevator energy recovery devices rarely incorporate energy storage elements made from solid waste materials, and cannot utilize the characteristics of solid waste's fast overcapacity charging and discharging speed and strong resistance to current fluctuations to buffer instantaneous fluctuation currents, resulting in a further reduction in power generation stability.

[0005] Secondly, there is a lack of targeted charging control strategies for solid waste batteries. The constant current and constant voltage charging modes are not matched according to the remaining power of the solid waste batteries, which easily leads to problems such as overcharging and insufficient charging, and cannot ensure that the solid waste batteries are in a healthy energy storage state. At the same time, the synergistic energy storage logic of solid waste supercapacitor and solid waste battery is not combined, and a composite energy storage structure of "solid waste supercapacitor as the main component and solid waste battery as the auxiliary component" is not formed. The advantages of solid waste supercapacitor rapid energy storage and solid waste battery long-term energy storage cannot be brought into play, resulting in low energy storage efficiency.

[0006] Third, the energy recovery system lacks an intelligent current distribution and diversion mechanism. When the power generation current exceeds the upper limit of the solid waste battery's reception capacity, the excess electrical energy cannot be effectively stored, resulting in a waste of recovered energy. Furthermore, the lack of energy storage units such as capacitors to buffer instantaneous fluctuations in current leads to poor stability of the energy storage system. Even if capacitors are installed in existing technologies, they do not employ solid waste overcapacity, thus failing to fully utilize the capacitor's role in capturing and buffering instantaneous electrical energy.

[0007] Fourth, the coordination between the hydraulic generator's mechanical structure and the elevator drive system is insufficient. Mechanical friction easily occurs during the contact and passage of the generator and elevator shaft, affecting both the continuity of power generation and reducing the smoothness and safety of elevator operation. Furthermore, the mechanical structure has not been optimized for the installation compatibility of the solid waste overcapacity generator, resulting in low coupling between the overcapacity generator and the existing hydraulic generator and elevator drive system, making modification difficult. Simultaneously, the existing energy recovery device has low coupling between its electrical control and mechanical structure, making it difficult to achieve real-time charging and discharging adjustments based on the power generation status and solid waste battery status. Overall, its adaptability is poor, modification is difficult, and it lacks monitoring and control logic related to solid waste energy storage. Therefore, it cannot achieve the multiple requirements of energy recovery efficiency, solid waste battery safety, and elevator operational stability through the coordinated control of the solid waste overcapacity generator and solid waste battery.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a hydraulic power generation and energy storage control system that can achieve efficient recovery of elevator descent kinetic energy, stable regulation of power generation current, safe energy storage of solid waste batteries, and high synergy with the original elevator drive system. This system would introduce supercapacitor solid waste as the core energy storage component and construct a composite energy storage system of "fast energy storage of supercapacitor solid waste + redundant energy storage of solid waste batteries" to solve the problems of energy waste, fragile solid waste batteries, poor system stability, and low adaptability in existing elevator energy recovery technologies, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency and operational reliability of elevators. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage, which solves the problem of low coupling between the electrical control and mechanical structure of existing energy recovery devices, making it difficult to achieve real-time charging and discharging regulation based on the power generation status and solid waste battery status.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage, including a hydraulic power generation device, an energy storage unit and an energy management and control module fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car;

[0011] The hydraulic power generation device is used to convert the kinetic energy of the elevator descending into hydraulic energy, and then convert the hydraulic energy into electrical energy and output it to the energy storage unit.

[0012] The energy storage unit is used to receive and store electrical energy generated by the hydraulic power generation device; the energy storage unit includes a solid waste capacitor and a solid waste battery, which work together; when the elevator needs to call for electrical energy, the solid waste capacitor is discharged first, and when the solid waste capacitor energy storage drops to a preset low threshold, it switches to solid waste battery power supply, so as to achieve coordinated adaptation between the fast response of the solid waste capacitor and the long-term energy storage of the solid waste battery.

[0013] The energy management and control module is connected to the hydraulic power generation device and the energy storage unit respectively. It is used to monitor and analyze the output power of the hydraulic power generation device and the status of the energy storage unit, and control the distribution of power between the solid waste battery and the solid waste overcapacity according to the analysis results.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic power generation device includes a turntable, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a hydraulic generator, a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, a rotary shaft, a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve, a throttle valve, and a two-position two-way solenoid directional valve.

[0015] Both the rotary hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic generator are fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car. The base of the rotary hydraulic cylinder can be fixedly connected to the crossbeam at the bottom of the elevator car by welding or bolting, so that the rotation axis of the rotary hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the moving direction of the elevator car in the elevator shaft. A turntable coaxial with the rotary shaft is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft of the rotary hydraulic cylinder. The outer wall of the turntable is provided with multiple supports that can extend horizontally toward the inner wall of the elevator shaft.

[0016] A hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the end of each bracket away from the turntable. The telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is set along the direction of the elevator car's descent. The telescopic end of each hydraulic telescopic rod can abut against the boss set on the inner wall of the elevator shaft between each floor of the elevator car's lifting track.

[0017] The hydraulic oil tank and hydraulic pump are also fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car. The hydraulic oil tank supplies oil to the rotary hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic telescopic rod through the hydraulic pump, a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve, and a two-position two-way solenoid directional valve. The hydraulic oil tank supplies oil to the hydraulic pump through the main oil supply pipe. The hydraulic pump supplies oil to the rotary hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic telescopic rod through two oil supply branch pipes and three-position four-way solenoid directional valves and two-position two-way solenoid directional valves installed on the two oil supply branch pipes. When the elevator car descends and the hydraulic telescopic rod is compressed, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic telescopic rod flows back to the oil inlet of the hydraulic generator through the return oil main pipe, driving the hydraulic generator to rotate and generate current. The oil outlet of the hydraulic generator is connected to the hydraulic oil tank to form a closed loop. The output end of the hydraulic generator is electrically connected to the energy storage unit, ultimately realizing the conversion of the kinetic energy of the elevator descent into hydraulic energy, and then the hydraulic energy into electrical energy.

[0018] Furthermore, the energy storage unit uses a solid waste battery as the main energy storage element and a solid waste supercapacitor as an auxiliary energy storage element. The solid waste battery and the solid waste supercapacitor are connected in parallel, and the energy flow control between the solid waste battery and the solid waste supercapacitor is realized through an energy management control module.

[0019] Furthermore, the energy management and control module includes a parameter monitoring terminal, a feature analysis terminal, and a diversion processing terminal;

[0020] The parameter monitoring terminal monitors the operating parameters of solid waste batteries and hydraulic generators in real time and transmits the monitored operating parameters to the feature analysis terminal.

[0021] The feature analysis end confirms whether the hydraulic generator is in a fluctuating state based on the real-time monitored operating parameters, and confirms whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator can be delivered to the solid waste battery based on the remaining power associated with the solid waste battery. If so, it generates an energy storage signal and transmits it to the current diversion and processing end.

[0022] At the current processing end, based on the energy storage signal generated by the feature analysis end, the power generation current generated by the hydraulic generator is preferentially delivered to the solid waste battery for charging. When the energy storage of the solid waste battery reaches the preset upper limit, the excess energy is delivered to the solid waste supercapacity for energy storage.

[0023] Furthermore, the operating parameter of the solid waste battery is the remaining power, and the operating parameter of the hydraulic generator is the power generation current.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific method by which the feature analysis terminal confirms whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator can be delivered to the solid waste battery is as follows:

[0025] The real-time remaining capacity of solid waste batteries is labeled as L. i Where i represents the corresponding time, if L i If L < 80%, a constant current charging signal is generated. i If the voltage reaches ≥80%, a constant voltage charging signal will be generated.

[0026] If the generated charging signal is a constant current charging signal, then assess whether the power generation current of the hydraulic generator is in a constant current state: mark the power generation current monitored at the current moment as D1, and mark the power generation current monitored at the other two moments before the current moment as D2 and D3, where the moment associated with D3 is before D2, and the moment associated with D2 is before D1. Use |D3-D2|÷|D2-D1|=PD to confirm the fluctuation assessment value PD, and identify whether the confirmed fluctuation assessment value PD is within the preset range [0.5, 2]. If yes, generate an energy storage signal to the current processing end. If no, continue monitoring until the hydraulic generator is in a stable power generation state, that is, when the fluctuation assessment value is within the preset range [0.5, 2], generate an energy storage signal to the current processing end.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific methods by which the feature analysis terminal confirms whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator can be delivered to the solid waste battery also include:

[0028] If the generated charging signal is a constant voltage charging signal, then assess whether the generated current produced by the hydraulic generator is in a constant decreasing state: Mark the generated current monitored at the current moment as L1, and mark the generated current monitored at the other two moments before synchronization as L2 and L3, where the moment associated with L3 is before L2, and the moment associated with L2 is before L1, and identify whether the three sets of generated currents L3, L2, and L1 are in a constant decreasing state:

[0029] If so, then use |L3-L2|÷|L2-L1|=constant evaluation value BD, and identify whether the confirmed BD is within the preset range [0.8, 1.2]. If so, then generate a storage signal to the current processing end. If not, then continue monitoring until the hydraulic generator is in a constant decreasing state, that is, when the constant evaluation value BD is within the preset range [0.8, 1.2], then generate a storage signal to the current processing end.

[0030] If not, continue monitoring until the power generation current is in a constant decreasing state for three consecutive sets of time points, then perform subsequent analysis, including continuously monitoring the power generation current of the hydraulic generator, confirming that it is in a stable and constant decreasing state, and determining whether to generate a storage signal to the current diversion processing end based on the remaining power of the solid waste battery, so as to complete the charging regulation of the solid waste battery or solid waste overcapacity.

[0031] Furthermore, the diversion processing end, based on the energy storage signal generated by the feature analysis end, prioritizes the delivery of the generated current from the hydraulic generator to the solid waste battery for charging. Specifically, the method is as follows:

[0032] Based on the charging signal confirmed by the solid waste battery, the maximum storage current preset by the solid waste battery is extracted. The maximum storage current associated with the constant current charging signal and the constant voltage charging signal are different, and both sets of maximum storage currents are preset values.

[0033] If the current generated by the hydraulic generator exceeds the preset maximum storage current, the current generated by the hydraulic generator is directly sent to the solid waste battery. If it exceeds the maximum storage current, the process of diversion is executed: the maximum storage current associated with the solid waste battery is extracted from the current generated by the hydraulic generator and sent to the solid waste battery, and the remaining current is diverted to the capacitor to complete the overall storage process of the solid waste battery.

[0034] When the remaining charge associated with the solid waste battery is at 100%, the energy storage process stops.

[0035] Furthermore, the parameter monitoring terminal includes a first current sensor, a second current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a temperature sensor, used to collect the output current of the hydraulic generator, the terminal current and terminal voltage during the charging and discharging process of the solid waste battery, and the temperature information of the energy storage unit, and to calculate the remaining capacity of the solid waste battery.

[0036] The feature analysis terminal includes an embedded controller, which is communicatively connected to the parameter monitoring terminal. It is used to determine the current power generation status of the hydraulic generator, the charging status of the solid waste battery, and the overcapacity energy storage status of the solid waste based on the collected data, and to generate a PWM control signal.

[0037] The current processing end includes a rectification and voltage regulation unit, a first DC / DC converter, a second DC / DC converter, and a power switching assembly; the output end of the hydraulic generator is connected to a DC bus; the DC bus is connected to the solid waste battery through the first DC / DC converter and to the solid waste supercapacitor through the second DC / DC converter; the embedded controller controls the power switching assembly through a PWM control signal to adjust the output current of the two DC / DC converters.

[0038] Furthermore, the energy storage unit uses solid waste supercapacitor as the main energy storage element and solid waste battery as the auxiliary energy storage element. The auxiliary energy storage element, solid waste battery, is connected in parallel with the solid waste supercapacitor, and the energy flow control between the solid waste supercapacitor and the solid waste battery is realized through the energy management control module.

[0039] The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0040] By utilizing the combined design of a turntable, a retractable hydraulic telescopic rod, and a raised platform in the elevator shaft, segmented hydraulic energy capture is achieved during the elevator's descent. Mechanical energy is stably converted into electrical energy through a hydraulic generator. Simultaneously, the coordinated braking of the PMLSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Synchronous Motor) and the hydraulic power generation device maximizes the recovery of descent kinetic energy, avoiding the problem of traditional elevators wasting kinetic energy as heat, and significantly improving the energy utilization rate of the elevator's lifting process.

[0041] Based on the remaining capacity of solid waste batteries, a two-stage charging mode of constant current and constant voltage is divided. A stability judgment standard for the generation current is specifically formulated to ensure that solid waste batteries receive stable constant current fast charging in the depleted stage and stable constant voltage float charging in the half-full stage. From the charging logic, this avoids damage to the solid waste battery cells caused by current fluctuations and overcurrent charging. At the same time, a threshold for stopping the storage of solid waste batteries when they are 100% fully charged is set to prevent overcharging, effectively extend the service life of solid waste batteries, and ensure that solid waste batteries are in a healthy storage state for a long time.

[0042] Based on the maximum storage current preset for solid waste batteries, the system automatically determines the power generation current allocation strategy. When the limit is not exceeded, the solid waste batteries are charged directly. When the limit is exceeded, the excess current is precisely diverted to the capacitor for storage. This ensures the safety of charging solid waste batteries and avoids the waste of power generation energy. At the same time, the capacitor can store instantaneous excess energy to provide energy support for high-power demand scenarios such as elevator start-up, realizing a closed-loop reuse of recycled energy.

[0043] Solid waste supercapacitors possess the core characteristics of fast charging and discharging speed and high charging and discharging efficiency. They can quickly receive instantaneous electrical energy generated by hydraulic generators. Even if the generating current of the hydraulic generator fluctuates in the short term, solid waste supercapacitors can respond quickly to avoid wasting electrical energy.

[0044] By replacing the main energy storage element in the original energy storage system with a solid waste supercapacitor and retaining the solid waste battery as an auxiliary energy storage element, a composite energy storage structure of "solid waste supercapacitor as the main element and solid waste battery as the auxiliary element" is formed. The key advantage of the solid waste supercapacitor's rapid charging and discharging is highlighted. At the same time, through a reasonable energy allocation logic, excess electrical energy is stored in the solid waste battery, achieving the dual goals of high-efficiency energy storage and energy redundancy backup, and further optimizing the energy storage efficiency, response speed and operational stability of the hydraulic power generation system. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the hydraulic power generation device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a bottom schematic diagram of the hydraulic power generation device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a hydraulic power generation device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the energy management control module provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Turntable; 2. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 3. Energy storage unit; 4. Hydraulic generator; 5. Hydraulic oil tank; 6. Hydraulic pump; 7. Piston; 8. Rotary hydraulic cylinder; 9. Rotary shaft; 10. Three-position four-way solenoid directional valve; 11. Throttle valve; 12. Two-position two-way solenoid directional valve. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] First embodiment:

[0052] Please see Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 In this embodiment, the elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage includes a hydraulic power generation device and an energy storage unit 3 fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car.

[0053] The hydraulic power generation device is used to convert the kinetic energy of the elevator descending into hydraulic energy, and then convert the hydraulic energy into electrical energy and output it to the energy storage unit 3.

[0054] The energy storage unit 3 is used to receive and store electrical energy generated by the hydraulic power generation device. The energy storage unit 3 includes a capacitor and a solid waste battery, which work together. The capacitor is a solid waste supercapacitor. The solid waste battery is used for long-term storage of electrical energy generated by the hydraulic power generation device. The solid waste supercapacitor is used to receive electrical energy exceeding the upper limit of the solid waste battery and perform rapid energy storage. When the elevator needs to call for electrical energy, the solid waste supercapacitor discharges first. When the energy stored in the solid waste supercapacitor drops to a preset low threshold, the power supply is switched to the solid waste battery, realizing the coordinated adaptation of the rapid response of the solid waste supercapacitor and the long-term energy storage of the solid waste battery.

[0055] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the hydraulic power generation device includes a turntable 1, a hydraulic telescopic rod 2, a hydraulic generator 4, a hydraulic oil tank 5, a hydraulic pump 6, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 8, a rotary shaft 9, a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 10, a throttle valve 11, and a two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 12.

[0056] The rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 and the hydraulic generator 4 are both fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car. The rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 is a prior art technology, which includes a base and a rotary shaft 9 that reciprocates within the base. In this embodiment, the base of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 can be fixedly connected to the crossbeam at the bottom of the elevator car by welding or bolting, so that the rotation axis of the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 is parallel to the moving direction of the elevator car in the elevator shaft.

[0057] Furthermore, a turntable 1 coaxial with the rotary shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8, so that the turntable 1 can be driven to rotate synchronously by the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8.

[0058] Around the rotation axis of turntable 1, multiple supports extending horizontally towards the inner wall of the elevator shaft are provided on the outer wall of turntable 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, four supports are provided on turntable 1;

[0059] A hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is fixedly connected to the end of each bracket away from the turntable 1. The cylinder of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet. When hydraulic oil enters the cylinder of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 from the oil inlet, the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 extends out. When the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is compressed, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is discharged from the oil outlet.

[0060] Furthermore, the telescopic ends of the four hydraulic telescopic rods 2 are arranged along the direction of the elevator car's descent. At the same time, the telescopic ends of the four hydraulic telescopic rods 2 can all abut against the four protrusions set on the inner wall of the elevator shaft and located between each floor of the elevator car's lifting track.

[0061] In this embodiment, the boss is fixedly mounted on a support member on the inner wall of the elevator shaft and located outside the safety envelope of the elevator car's normal vertical movement. The boss is only positioned at a predetermined location in the car's descent direction and achieves periodic contact through the extension and retraction control of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2. The side of the boss facing the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 forms a contact surface, and it only contacts the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 when the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is in a preset extended position. After the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 rotates with the turntable to the avoidance position, its telescopic end maintains a preset safety clearance with the boss in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby preventing the boss from interfering with the normal vertical movement of the elevator car.

[0062] Each hydraulic telescopic rod 2 has its outlet connected to the inlet of the hydraulic generator 4 via a return oil main. During the elevator's descent, multiple hydraulic telescopic rods 2 first contact corresponding bosses located on the inner wall of the elevator shaft at each floor of the elevator car's lifting track (one set between each floor). When the elevator car descends and compresses the hydraulic telescopic rods 2, the hydraulic oil inside flows back to the inlet of the hydraulic generator 4 via the return oil main, driving the hydraulic generator 4 to rotate and generate current. The outlet of the hydraulic generator 4 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 5, forming a closed loop. The output of the hydraulic generator 4 is electrically connected to the energy storage unit 3, ultimately converting the kinetic energy of the elevator's descent into hydraulic energy, and then into electrical energy.

[0063] When the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is compressed to the preset low position, it drives the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 to rotate, and drives multiple hydraulic telescopic rods 2 to rotate synchronously via the turntable 1, so that the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 avoids the protrusion in the elevator shaft of that floor, so that the elevator can continue to descend.

[0064] The hydraulic oil tank 5 and hydraulic pump 6 are also fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car. The hydraulic oil tank 5 is used to store and replenish hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic pump 6 is used to supply oil to the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 or the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 during the reset process of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 or the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8. Specifically, in this embodiment, the hydraulic oil tank 5 supplies oil to the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 through the hydraulic pump 6, the three-position four-way solenoid valve 10, and the two-position two-way solenoid valve 12. The two-position two-way solenoid valve 12 is set on the oil supply branch between the hydraulic pump 6 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 2, and is used to control the oil supply during the reset process of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2. When the elevator is in the descent energy recovery stage, the two-position two-way solenoid valve 12 is closed, so that the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 enters the hydraulic generator 4 only through the return oil main pipe to realize hydraulic energy recovery. When the elevator completes the descent or enters the ascent reset stage, the two-position two-way solenoid valve 12 is opened, so that the hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump 6 enters the hydraulic telescopic rod 2, pushing the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 to extend and reset.

[0065] When each hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is compressed, the hydraulic oil discharged from its outlet is collected in the return oil main pipe and introduced into the oil inlet of the hydraulic generator 4. The oil outlet of the hydraulic generator 4 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 5. The hydraulic oil tank 5 supplies oil to the hydraulic pump 6 through the oil supply main pipe. The hydraulic pump 6 supplies oil to the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 through two oil supply branch pipes and the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 10 and the two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 12 installed on the two oil supply branch pipes. The oil supply port of the two-position two-way solenoid directional valve 12 is connected to the hydraulic pump 6 through a pipeline, and the working oil port is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 through a pipeline. The oil outlet of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is connected to the return oil main pipe through a pipeline. The oil supply port of the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve 10 is connected to the hydraulic pump 6 through a pipeline, and the working oil port is connected to the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 through a pipeline, controlling the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 9 in the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8. The return oil port is connected to the return oil main pipe, thus forming a complete circulating oil circuit.

[0066] During the upward phase of the elevator car, the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 synchronously drives the turntable 1 to rotate, causing the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 to separate from the protrusions in the elevator shaft, eliminating any contact.

[0067] In this embodiment, the elevator car is preferably a counterweight-free elevator, and the motor used to drive the counterweight-free elevator is a PMLSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Synchronous Motor); that is, the elevator car descends slowly under the coordinated control of gravity and the PMLSM. The rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 passively extends, and when the elevator car descends to the set slot position on the track, the locking structure of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 engages with the slot, and the bottom of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 abuts against the protruding platform set on the track. The hydraulic telescopic rod 2 continues to descend and pushes the hydraulic generator 4 to rotate, thereby driving the hydraulic generator 4 to generate electricity and realize continuous energy recovery.

[0068] As the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 descends, the bottom of the elevator car gradually approaches the protrusion installed in the shaft. The protrusion contacts the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 and generates a compression effect, causing the piston 7 inside the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 to move and push the hydraulic oil to flow through the return oil main pipe. A throttle valve 11 is also installed on the return oil main pipe, which limits the hydraulic oil flow rate by adjusting the hydraulic oil flow area, so that the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 is subjected to a hydraulic damping force opposite to the compression direction, thereby buffering and decelerating the elevator car's descent. Simultaneously, the hydraulic oil flow drives the hydraulic generator 4 to operate, converting some of the mechanical energy during the elevator's descent into electrical energy, achieving energy recovery; the PMLSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Synchronous Motor) simultaneously enters reverse braking mode, achieving a smooth landing of the elevator car under the dual action.

[0069] The throttle valve 11 is installed on the return oil main pipe between the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 and the hydraulic generator 4. It is used to regulate the flow rate of hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic generator 4 so that the compression speed of the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 matches the working speed of the hydraulic generator 4. This ensures the stability of the elevator descent buffer while improving the stability of the mechanical energy to electrical energy conversion process.

[0070] During the upward phase of the elevator car, the energy management control module inside it starts the hydraulic pump 6, which causes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic telescopic rods 2 and the rotary hydraulic cylinder 8 to flow back into the hydraulic oil tank 5, and simultaneously drives the turntable 1 to rotate, so that the four sets of hydraulic telescopic rods 2 are separated from the four protruding platforms in the elevator shaft, and there is no contact between them.

[0071] Second embodiment:

[0072] The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage, in addition to the hydraulic power generation device and energy storage unit 3 in the first embodiment, also includes an energy management and control module, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the energy management control module includes a parameter monitoring terminal, a feature analysis terminal, and a diversion processing terminal, wherein the parameter monitoring terminal, the feature analysis terminal, and the diversion processing terminal are electrically connected sequentially from the output node to the input node;

[0073] In this embodiment, the energy storage unit 3 uses a solid waste battery as the main energy storage element and a solid waste supercapacitor as an auxiliary energy storage element. The solid waste battery and the solid waste supercapacitor are connected in parallel, and the energy flow control between the solid waste battery and the solid waste supercapacitor is realized through the energy management control module.

[0074] The energy management and control module is connected to the hydraulic power generation device and the energy storage unit 3 respectively. It is used to collect the output current and voltage parameters of the hydraulic power generation device and the operating status of the energy storage unit 3, and control the distribution of generated electricity between the solid waste battery and the solid waste overcapacity according to the collected data.

[0075] Among them, the parameter monitoring terminal monitors the operating parameters of the solid waste battery and the hydraulic generator 4 in real time. The operating parameter of the solid waste battery is the remaining power, and the operating parameter of the hydraulic generator 4 is the power generation current. The real-time monitored operating parameters are transmitted to the feature analysis terminal.

[0076] In this embodiment, the parameter monitoring terminal includes a first current sensor, a second current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a temperature sensor, which are used to collect the output current of the hydraulic generator 4, the terminal current and terminal voltage during the charging and discharging process of the solid waste battery, and the temperature information of the energy storage unit 3.

[0077] The remaining power of the solid waste battery is obtained through a combined calculation of voltage and current. Specifically, the cumulative charge and discharge capacity is obtained by integrating the terminal current data collected during the charging and discharging process of the solid waste battery, and then corrected by combining the state of charge curve corresponding to the terminal voltage of the solid waste battery to obtain the real-time remaining power.

[0078] The feature analysis end confirms whether the hydraulic generator 4 is in a fluctuating state based on the real-time monitored operating parameters, and confirms whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator 4 can be delivered to the solid waste battery based on the remaining power associated with the solid waste battery. Specifically, when the hydraulic generator 4 is in a fluctuating state during the charging process, the charging current associated with the charging process will fluctuate too much, which will lead to damage to the solid waste battery during the charging process. Therefore, in order to achieve the best charging effect for the solid waste battery, it is necessary to effectively adjust the corresponding charging process so that the solid waste battery can be effectively charged.

[0079] In this embodiment, the feature analysis end includes an embedded controller, which is communicatively connected to the parameter monitoring end. It is used to determine the current power generation status of the hydraulic generator 4, the charging status of the solid waste battery, and the overcapacity energy storage status of the solid waste based on the collected data, and to generate a PWM control signal.

[0080] The specific operation method of the feature analysis terminal is as follows:

[0081] The remaining power of the solid waste batteries monitored in real time is labeled as L. i Where i represents the corresponding time, if L i If L < 80% (its battery level is displayed as a percentage), a constant current charging signal is generated. i If the current reaches ≥80%, a constant voltage charging signal will be generated (in the constant voltage charging state, in order to keep the solid waste battery in a constant voltage state, the charging current needs to be continuously reduced to comprehensively ensure the safety of the solid waste battery and avoid the solid waste battery from being in an overcharged state).

[0082] If the determined charging signal is a constant current charging signal, then assess whether the power generation current generated by the hydraulic generator 4 is in a constant current state: mark the power generation current monitored at the current moment as D1, and simultaneously mark the power generation current monitored at the other two moments before the current moment as D2 and D3, where the moment associated with D3 is before D2, and the moment associated with D2 is before D1. Use |D3-D2|÷|D2-D1|=PD to confirm the fluctuation assessment value PD, and identify whether the confirmed fluctuation assessment value PD is within the preset range [0.5, 2]. If so, it means that the hydraulic generator 4 is in a stable power generation state. The system generates a storage signal and sends it to the current processing end. If not, it means that the current hydraulic generator 4 is in a fluctuating power generation state. The system will continue to monitor until the hydraulic generator 4 is in a stable power generation state, at which point a storage signal will be generated and sent to the current processing end. Specifically, when the solid waste battery power is below 80%, it needs to be in a constant current charging state. By analyzing whether the hydraulic generator 4 is in a constant current power generation state during the power generation process, it is necessary to comprehensively confirm the comprehensive power generation state of the hydraulic generator 4 based on the different power generation characteristics associated with the current time and the previous time. This will help to comprehensively confirm whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator 4 can replenish the solid waste battery.

[0083] If the determined charging signal is a constant voltage charging signal, then assess whether the generated current produced by the hydraulic generator 4 is in a constant decreasing state: mark the generated current monitored at the current moment as L1, and simultaneously mark the generated current monitored at the other two moments before the current moment as L2 and L3, where the moment associated with L3 is before L2, and the moment associated with L2 is before L1, and identify whether the three sets of generated currents L3, L2, and L1 are in a continuously decreasing state:

[0084] If yes, then use: |L3-L2|÷|L2-L1|=constant evaluation value BD, and identify whether the confirmed BD is within the preset range [0.8, 1.2]. If yes, it means that the current generating current of the hydraulic generator 4 is in a constant decreasing state, and generate a storage signal to the current processing end. If no, it means that the current generating current of the hydraulic generator 4 is not in a constant decreasing state, and continue monitoring until the hydraulic generator 4 is in a constant decreasing state, then generate a storage signal to the current processing end.

[0085] If not, continue monitoring until the power generation current is in a continuous decreasing state for three consecutive time periods, then proceed with the subsequent analysis process.

[0086] Specifically, during the monitoring process of power generation current, the power generation current associated with different times is different. If the monitoring current of three consecutive times continues to decrease, it means that the corresponding hydraulic generator 4 is in a state of reduced speed. Then the subsequent power generation current should also be in this state. Therefore, in order to effectively charge the solid waste battery, it is necessary to complete the effective charging process of the corresponding solid waste battery according to the corresponding monitoring process.

[0087] In this embodiment, the current-generating end, based on the generated energy storage signal, delivers the generated current from the hydraulic generator 4 to the solid waste battery. If the current exceeds the receiving limit of the solid waste battery, the current is diverted to the capacitor, thus completing the energy storage process of the solid waste battery.

[0088] Based on the charging signal confirmed by the solid waste battery, the maximum storage current preset by the solid waste battery is extracted. The maximum storage current associated with the constant current charging signal and the constant voltage charging signal are different, and both sets of maximum storage currents are preset values, which are determined in advance by the operator based on experience.

[0089] If the current generated by the hydraulic generator 4 exceeds the preset maximum storage current, the current generated by the hydraulic generator 4 is directly sent to the solid waste battery. If it exceeds the maximum storage current, the current is extracted from the current generated by the hydraulic generator 4 and sent to the solid waste battery. The remaining current is then diverted to the capacitor to complete the overall storage process of the solid waste battery.

[0090] When the remaining charge associated with the solid waste battery is at 100%, the energy storage process stops.

[0091] In this embodiment, the current processing end includes a rectification and voltage regulation unit, a first DC / DC converter, a second DC / DC converter, and a power switching assembly; the output end of the hydraulic generator 4 is connected to the DC bus; the DC bus is connected to the solid waste battery through the first DC / DC converter and to the solid waste supercapacitor through the second DC / DC converter; the embedded controller controls the power switching assembly through the PWM control signal to adjust the output current of the two DC / DC converters.

[0092] Third embodiment:

[0093] In this embodiment, compared to the first and second embodiments described above, the core improvement lies in replacing the solid waste battery, which is the main energy storage element in the original energy storage unit 3, with a solid waste supercapacitor. The solid waste battery serves as an auxiliary energy storage element, forming an energy storage unit 3 with "solid waste supercapacitor as the main element and solid waste battery as the auxiliary element." This emphasizes the core advantage of the solid waste supercapacitor's rapid charging and discharging. Simultaneously, through a reasonable energy allocation logic, excess electrical energy is stored in the solid waste battery, achieving the dual goals of efficient energy storage and energy redundancy backup. This further optimizes the energy storage efficiency, response speed, and operational stability of the energy storage unit 3. The core protection of this embodiment lies in the solid waste energy storage technology and its supporting energy storage unit 3. This energy storage unit 3 possesses universal adaptability; the energy harvesting method is not limited to the hydraulic power generation method described in the first embodiment. Electrical energy generated by various elevator operation-related energy harvesting methods can be connected to this energy storage unit 3 for storage, allocation, and utilization. The core technology of solid waste energy storage is not limited by the front-end energy harvesting method. Furthermore, when the solid waste energy storage mode is not used, the electrical energy generated by the hydraulic power generation device can also be stored in other energy storage units 3 that combine supercapacitors and solid waste batteries.

[0094] In terms of specific structural adaptation, in this embodiment, the solid waste battery and capacitor assembly at the bottom of the mechanical turntable 1 are adjusted to be arranged in the following order: "solid waste supercapacitor, auxiliary solid waste battery, hydraulic generator 4, hydraulic oil tank 5, and hydraulic pump 6". The solid waste supercapacitor serves as the primary receiving and storage carrier of electrical energy, and the auxiliary solid waste battery is connected in parallel with the solid waste supercapacitor. The energy flow control between the two is realized through the energy management control module. At the same time, the monitoring and control logic of the parameter monitoring end, feature analysis end, and diversion processing end are all adapted and optimized for the characteristics of the solid waste supercapacitor to ensure precise matching with the working mode of the energy storage unit 3.

[0095] The specific working mode of this embodiment revolves around "fast charging and discharging of solid waste with high capacity and storing excess electrical energy in solid waste batteries", and the detailed process is as follows:

[0096] 1. Power Generation Stage Adaptation: During the elevator's descent, the hydraulic telescopic rod 2 contacts and is compressed against the small protruding platform in the elevator shaft, causing hydraulic oil to flow back and drive the hydraulic generator 4 to rotate and generate electricity. At this time, the energy management control module prioritizes delivering the electrical energy to the solid waste supercapacitor. Because the solid waste supercapacitor possesses the core characteristics of fast charging and discharging speed and high charging and discharging efficiency, it can quickly receive the instantaneous electrical energy generated by the hydraulic generator 4. Even if the generating current of the hydraulic generator 4 experiences short-term fluctuations, the solid waste supercapacitor can respond quickly, avoiding energy waste and solving the problems of slow response and inefficient capture of instantaneous electrical energy in traditional single solid waste battery energy storage.

[0097] 2. Solid Waste Overcapacity Charging and Discharging Control: The parameter monitoring terminal monitors the energy storage status of the solid waste overcapacity (including energy storage voltage and energy storage capacity) and the generating current of the hydraulic generator 4 in real time, and transmits the monitoring data to the feature analysis terminal. The feature analysis terminal determines whether the solid waste overcapacity has reached the preset full-capacity threshold based on the energy storage parameters (the preset threshold can be determined by the operator based on the solid waste overcapacity specifications and elevator operating conditions).

[0098] (1) When the solid waste overcapacity does not reach the full capacity threshold, the energy management control module maintains the solid waste overcapacity priority charging state, and all the electrical energy generated by the hydraulic generator 4 is delivered to the solid waste overcapacity to achieve rapid energy storage; at this time, the auxiliary solid waste battery is in standby state and does not participate in energy storage. Only the parameter monitoring terminal synchronously monitors its remaining power to ensure that it is in normal standby state.

[0099] (2) When the solid waste overcapacity reaches the full capacity threshold, the feature analysis end immediately generates a diversion signal and sends it to the diversion processing end. After receiving the diversion signal, the diversion processing end starts the energy distribution mechanism to divert the electrical energy subsequently generated by the hydraulic generator 4—prioritizing the maintenance needs of the solid waste overcapacity (if there is a slight leakage in the solid waste overcapacity, a small amount of electrical energy is added to maintain its full capacity state), and all the remaining excess electrical energy is diverted to the auxiliary solid waste battery for storage to avoid energy overflow and waste.

[0100] 3. Discharge Phase Adaptation: During elevator operation, when stored electrical energy needs to be accessed (such as auxiliary drive during elevator ascent, emergency power supply, power supply from the energy management control module, etc.), the energy management control module prioritizes the discharge of the solid waste battery, utilizing its rapid discharge advantage to quickly output electrical energy to meet instantaneous power supply needs and ensure smooth elevator operation. When the stored energy of the solid waste battery drops to a preset low capacity threshold, the energy management control module automatically switches to the auxiliary solid waste battery discharge mode, where the solid waste battery continuously outputs electrical energy until the solid waste battery replenishes its power through hydraulic power generation, forming a coordinated discharge mode of "instantaneous response of the solid waste battery and continuous power supply from the solid waste battery".

[0101] 4. Operational Parameter Optimization and Protection: In this invention, the output current of the hydraulic generator 4 is adjusted through the current-draining processing end. When the power generation current of the hydraulic generator 4 exceeds the maximum withstand threshold of the solid waste overcapacity, the current-draining processing end limits the power generation current to ensure safe charging of the solid waste overcapacity. The specific operation of the current-draining processing end is as follows: the output of the hydraulic generator 4 is connected to the DC bus via a rectifier and voltage regulator unit; the DC bus is connected to the solid waste battery through a first DC / DC converter and to the solid waste overcapacity battery through a second DC / DC converter; the embedded controller controls the power switching components via PWM control signals to adjust the duty cycle of the first and second DC / DC converters. The feature analysis end optimizes the fluctuation monitoring and energy adaptation logic for the characteristics of solid waste supercapacitors. Since solid waste supercapacitors are more tolerant of current fluctuations than traditional solid waste batteries, there is no need to strictly limit the power generation current fluctuation range of the hydraulic generator 4. It is only necessary to monitor whether the current exceeds the maximum tolerance threshold of the solid waste supercapacitor. If it does, it is first adjusted through the current diversion processing end before being sent to the solid waste supercapacitor to avoid damage to the solid waste supercapacitor due to excessive current. At the same time, the parameter monitoring end monitors the remaining power and charging current of the auxiliary solid waste battery. When the solid waste battery power reaches 100%, the current diversion processing end stops sending power to the solid waste battery and only processes the excess power through the voltage stabilization module before feeding it back to the elevator drive system to further improve energy utilization.

[0102] This embodiment uses a supercapacitor made from solid waste as the main energy storage element, which has significant advantages over the first embodiment mentioned above: First, it has a faster energy storage rate, which can quickly capture the instantaneous electrical energy generated during the elevator descent, and the energy storage efficiency is more than 30% higher than that of a single solid waste battery; Second, it has a longer charge-discharge cycle life, with the supercapacitor having a much higher number of charge-discharge cycles than traditional solid waste batteries, which can reduce the replacement frequency of energy storage components and reduce maintenance costs; Third, it has a more reasonable energy distribution, which solves the problem of efficient capture of instantaneous electrical energy by using a "fast energy storage of supercapacitor made from solid waste + redundant storage of solid waste batteries" model, while storing excess electrical energy through solid waste batteries and realizing emergency power backup, thus improving the reliability of system operation; Fourth, the supercapacitor made from solid waste recycled materials has less pollution and higher resource utilization rate compared to traditional solid waste batteries.

[0103] Furthermore, the energy management control module of this embodiment also has an adaptive adjustment function, which can automatically adjust the energy distribution ratio between the solid waste supercapacity and the solid waste battery according to the elevator's operating frequency and the power generation of the hydraulic generator 4, ensuring that the optimal energy storage effect and power utilization efficiency can be achieved under different working conditions (such as high-frequency operation of the elevator, low-frequency operation, emergency power supply, etc.), adapting to the elevator operation needs in different scenarios; to further reiterate, the solid waste energy storage technology of this application, as the core protection point, is compatible with multiple energy harvesting forms such as hydraulic power generation, elevator braking kinetic energy recovery, counterweight potential energy recovery, and traction machine regeneration power generation. Regardless of the energy recovery method used at the front end, the efficient storage and reuse of electrical energy can be achieved by relying on this solid waste energy storage system, fully highlighting the core value and wide applicability of solid waste energy storage technology.

[0104] Some of the data in the above formulas are numerical calculations with dimensions removed, and the contents not described in detail in this specification are all prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0105] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical methods of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical methods of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage, characterized in that, It includes a hydraulic power generation device, an energy storage unit (3), and an energy management control module, all fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car; The hydraulic power generation device is used to convert the kinetic energy of the elevator descending into hydraulic energy, and then convert the hydraulic energy into electrical energy and output it to the energy storage unit (3); The energy storage unit (3) is used to receive and store the electrical energy generated by the hydraulic power generation device; the energy storage unit (3) includes a solid waste capacitor and a solid waste battery, which work together; when the elevator needs to call for electrical energy, the solid waste capacitor is discharged first, and when the solid waste capacitor energy storage drops to a preset low threshold, it switches to solid waste battery power supply, so as to realize the coordinated adaptation of the solid waste capacitor fast response and the solid waste battery long-term energy storage. The energy management control module is connected to the hydraulic power generation device and the energy storage unit (3) respectively. It is used to monitor and analyze the output power of the hydraulic power generation device and the status of the energy storage unit (3), and control the distribution of power between the solid waste battery and the solid waste overcapacity according to the analysis results.

2. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic power generation device includes a turntable (1), a hydraulic telescopic rod (2), a hydraulic generator (4), a hydraulic oil tank (5), a hydraulic pump (6), a rotary hydraulic cylinder (8), a rotary shaft (9), a three-position four-way solenoid valve (10), a throttle valve (11), and a two-position two-way solenoid valve (12). The rotary hydraulic cylinder (8) and the hydraulic generator (4) are both fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car. The base of the rotary hydraulic cylinder (8) can be fixedly connected to the crossbeam at the bottom of the elevator car by welding or bolting, so that the rotation axis of the rotary shaft (9) of the rotary hydraulic cylinder (8) is parallel to the moving direction of the elevator car in the elevator shaft. A turntable (1) coaxial with the rotary shaft (9) is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft (9) of the rotary hydraulic cylinder (8). The outer wall of the turntable (1) is provided with multiple supports that can extend horizontally towards the inner wall of the elevator shaft. A hydraulic telescopic rod (2) is fixedly connected to the end of each bracket located away from the turntable (1). The telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (2) is set along the direction of the elevator car's descent. The telescopic end of each hydraulic telescopic rod (2) can abut against the boss set on the inner wall of the elevator shaft between each floor of the elevator car's lifting track. The hydraulic oil tank (5) and hydraulic pump (6) are also fixedly installed at the bottom of the elevator car. The hydraulic oil tank (5) supplies oil to the rotary hydraulic cylinder (8) and hydraulic telescopic rod (2) through the hydraulic pump (6), three-position four-way solenoid directional valve (10), and two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (12). The hydraulic oil tank (5) supplies oil to the hydraulic pump (6) through the main oil supply pipe. The hydraulic pump (6) supplies oil to the rotary hydraulic cylinder (8) through two oil supply branch pipes and the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve (10) and two-position two-way solenoid directional valve (12) installed on the two oil supply branch pipes. The cylinder (8) and the hydraulic telescopic rod (2) are supplied with oil. When the elevator car descends and the hydraulic telescopic rod (2) is compressed, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic telescopic rod (2) flows back to the oil inlet of the hydraulic generator (4) through the return oil main pipe, drives the hydraulic generator (4) to rotate and generate power current. The oil outlet of the hydraulic generator (4) is connected to the hydraulic oil tank (5) to form a closed loop. The output end of the hydraulic generator (4) is electrically connected to the energy storage unit (3), and finally realizes the conversion of the kinetic energy of the elevator descent into hydraulic energy, and then converts the hydraulic energy into electrical energy.

3. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage unit (3) uses solid waste battery as the main energy storage element and solid waste supercapacitor as the auxiliary energy storage element; the solid waste battery as the auxiliary energy storage element is connected in parallel with the solid waste supercapacitor, and the energy flow control between the solid waste battery and the solid waste supercapacitor is realized through the energy management control module.

4. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy management and control module includes a parameter monitoring terminal, a feature analysis terminal, and a diversion and processing terminal. The parameter monitoring terminal monitors the operating parameters of the solid waste battery and the hydraulic generator (4) in real time and transmits the real-time monitored operating parameters to the feature analysis terminal. The feature analysis end confirms whether the hydraulic generator (4) is in a fluctuating state based on the real-time monitored operating parameters, and confirms whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) can be transmitted to the solid waste battery based on the remaining power associated with the solid waste battery. If it can, the storage signal is generated and transmitted to the current processing end. At the diversion processing end, based on the energy storage signal generated by the feature analysis end, the power generation current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) is preferentially delivered to the solid waste battery for charging. When the energy storage of the solid waste battery reaches the preset upper limit, the excess energy is delivered to the solid waste overcapacity for energy storage.

5. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operating parameter of the solid waste battery is the remaining power, and the operating parameter of the hydraulic generator (4) is the power generation current.

6. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method by which the feature analysis terminal confirms whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) can be delivered to the solid waste battery is as follows: The real-time remaining capacity of solid waste batteries is labeled as L. i Where i represents the corresponding time, if L i If L < 80%, a constant current charging signal is generated. i If the voltage reaches ≥80%, a constant voltage charging signal will be generated. If the generated charging signal is a constant current charging signal, then assess whether the power generation current of the hydraulic generator (4) is in a constant current state: mark the power generation current monitored at the current moment as D1, and mark the power generation current monitored at the other two moments before the current moment as D2 and D3, where the moment associated with D3 is before D2, and the moment associated with D2 is before D1. Use |D3-D2|÷|D2-D1|=PD to confirm the fluctuation assessment value PD, and identify whether the confirmed fluctuation assessment value PD is within the preset range [0.5, 2]. If yes, generate a storage signal to the current processing end. If no, continue monitoring until the hydraulic generator (4) is in a stable power generation state, that is, when the fluctuation assessment value is within the preset range [0.5, 2], generate a storage signal to the current processing end.

7. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific methods for confirming whether the current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) can be delivered to the solid waste battery by the feature analysis terminal also include: If the generated charging signal is a constant voltage charging signal, then assess whether the generated current produced by the hydraulic generator (4) is in a constant decreasing state: mark the generated current monitored at the current moment as L1, and mark the generated current monitored at the other two moments before synchronization as L2 and L3, where the moment associated with L3 is before L2, and the moment associated with L2 is before L1, and identify whether the three sets of generated currents L3, L2 and L1 are in a constant decreasing state: If so, then use: |L3-L2|÷|L2-L1|=constant evaluation value BD, and identify whether the confirmed BD is within the preset range [0.8, 1.2]. If so, generate a storage signal to the drain processing end. If not, continue monitoring until the hydraulic generator (4) is in a constant decreasing state, that is, when the constant evaluation value BD is within the preset range [0.8, 1.2], generate a storage signal to the drain processing end. If not, continue monitoring until the power generation current is in a constant decreasing state for three consecutive sets of time. Then perform subsequent analysis, including continuously monitoring the power generation current of the hydraulic generator (4), confirming that it is in a stable and constant decreasing state, and judging whether to generate a storage signal to the current-draining end based on the remaining power of the solid waste battery, so as to complete the charging regulation of the solid waste battery or solid waste overcapacity.

8. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current-generating terminal, based on the energy storage signal generated by the feature analysis terminal, prioritizes the delivery of the power generation current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) to the solid waste battery for charging. The specific method is as follows: Based on the charging signal confirmed by the solid waste battery, the maximum storage current preset by the solid waste battery is extracted. The maximum storage current associated with the constant current charging signal and the constant voltage charging signal are different, and both sets of maximum storage currents are preset values. If the current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) exceeds the preset maximum storage current, the current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) is directly delivered to the solid waste battery. If it exceeds the limit, the current diversion process is executed: the maximum storage current associated with the solid waste battery is extracted from the current generated by the hydraulic generator (4) and delivered to the solid waste battery, and the remaining current is diverted to the capacitor to complete the overall storage process of the solid waste battery. When the remaining charge associated with the solid waste battery is at 100%, the energy storage process stops.

9. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parameter monitoring terminal includes a first current sensor, a second current sensor, a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor, used to collect the output current of the hydraulic generator (4), the terminal current and terminal voltage during the charging and discharging process of the solid waste battery and the temperature information of the energy storage unit, and to calculate the remaining capacity of the solid waste battery. The feature analysis terminal includes an embedded controller, which is connected to the parameter monitoring terminal for judging the current power generation status of the hydraulic generator (4), the charging status of the solid waste battery, and the overcapacity energy storage status of the solid waste based on the collected data, and generating a PWM control signal. The current processing end includes a rectifier and voltage regulator unit, a first DC / DC converter, a second DC / DC converter, and a power switch assembly; the output end of the hydraulic generator (4) is connected to the DC bus; the DC bus is connected to the solid waste battery through the first DC / DC converter and to the solid waste supercapacitor through the second DC / DC converter; the embedded controller controls the power switch assembly through the PWM control signal to adjust the output current of the two DC / DC converters.

10. The elevator energy harvesting and storage system based on hydraulic power generation and solid waste energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage unit (3) uses solid waste supercapacitor as the main energy storage element and solid waste battery as the auxiliary energy storage element; the auxiliary energy storage element solid waste battery is connected in parallel with solid waste supercapacitor, and the energy flow control between solid waste supercapacitor and solid waste battery is realized through the energy management control module.

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