Hydraulic breaking hammer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydraulic breaking hammer, and belongs to the technical field of breaking hammers. The hydraulic cylinder comprises a front shell, a middle cylinder, a rear shell and four penetrating bolts used for connecting the front shell, the middle cylinder and the rear shell, and further comprises a first locking assembly arranged at the rod end of at least one penetrating bolt. The first locking assembly comprises a first nut and a first gasket, wherein the first nut is in threaded connection with the rod end of the penetrating bolt, the portion, between the first nut and the rear shell, of the penetrating bolt is sleeved with the first gasket, and the first nut is in spherical face fit with the first gasket. A spherical revolute pair capable of generating rotation is formed between the nut and the gasket; when the penetrating bolt vibrates, the penetrating bolt and the first nut have a rotatable freedom degree between a spherical revolute pair formed by the penetrating bolt and the first nut and the first gasket. The first nut can rotate to a certain degree along with vibration of the through bolt, so that the amplitude of a micro-vibration part and a non-micro-vibration part of the through bolt is reduced, and the risk of fatigue fracture is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a hydraulic breaker hammer and belongs to the technical field of breaker hammers. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic breaker is also called breaker hammer. Its power comes from the pressure provided by excavators, loaders or pump stations. It includes a cylinder body, a piston and a drill rod arranged in the cylinder body. The cylinder body includes a lower cylinder, a middle cylinder and an upper cylinder. The lower cylinder, the cylinder and the upper cylinder are connected by through bolts. The breaker hammer uses the static pressure of the liquid as the power to drive the piston to reciprocate. The piston hits the drill rod at high speed during the stroke, and the drill rod breaks ore, concrete, rock and other solids. It can carry out crushing operations more effectively in engineering construction and improve engineering construction efficiency.

[0003] When the breaker hammer is performing a crushing operation, each time the piston impacts, the rear shell of the breaker hammer will generate huge pulling force on the through bolt, and the through bolt will undergo elastic deformation in the length direction. The rear shell and the front shell of the breaker hammer will also transmit the huge vibration of the breaker hammer itself to the through bolt, resulting in a certain shear force in the radial direction of the through bolt, which will cause the through bolt to produce micro-vibration in the radial direction. The free end of the existing through bolt is locked by a nut, specifically, a plane-matched nut and gasket are fixed on the rear shell without radial freedom, the positions of the nut and the gasket are fixed, the through bolt has radial micro-movement, and the matching position of the through bolt and the nut has almost no micro-vibration due to the action of the nut. After a long period of action, the through bolt will produce fatigue fracture due to fatigue at the dividing point between micro-vibration and no micro-vibration of the through bolt. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a hydraulic breaker.

[0005] The utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problem with the following technical solution: A hydraulic breaker comprises a front shell, a middle cylinder, a rear shell and four through bolts for connecting the front shell, the middle cylinder and the rear shell, and also comprises a first locking assembly arranged at at least one through bolt rod end, the first locking assembly comprising a first nut threadedly connected to the rod end of the through bolt and a first gasket mounted on the through bolt between the first nut and the rear shell, the first nut and the first gasket being spherically matched.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: a spherical fit is adopted between the first nut and the first gasket, so that a spherical rotation pair capable of generating rotation is formed between the first nut and the first gasket; when the through-bolt vibrates, the through-bolt and the first nut have a degree of freedom of rotation between the spherical rotation pair formed with the first gasket; the first nut will also generate a certain degree of rotation to a certain extent along with the vibration of the through-bolt, thereby reducing the amplitude of the micro-vibration part and the non-micro-vibration part of the through-bolt caused by the existing nut, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, a spherical structure is provided on the front end of the first nut, and a spherical groove structure matched with the spherical structure is provided on the rear end of the first gasket.

[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the first nut and the first spherical surface are matched, specifically, a spherical structure is provided on the end face of the first nut in contact with the first gasket, and a spherical groove is provided on the end face of the first gasket in contact with the first nut. The first nut will rotate to a certain extent with the vibration of the through bolt, thereby reducing or even avoiding fatigue fracture of the through bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, a first positioning ring groove is provided on the rear end surface of the rear shell, and a first positioning convex ring matched with the first positioning ring groove is provided on the front end of the first gasket.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the first gasket is further positioned stably through the cooperation between the first positioning protruding ring and the first positioning ring groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a vibration-damping sleeve is provided between the rod of the through bolt and the rear shell and the middle cylinder respectively, and a vibration-damping positioning groove for positioning the vibration-damping sleeve is provided on the through bolt.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that there is a vibration-damping sleeve between the through-bolt and the rear shell; there is a vibration-damping sleeve between the through-bolt and the middle cylinder; when the through-bolt vibrates, the vibration-damping sleeve will be squeezed by the through-bolt to absorb the vibration, which can reduce the amplitude of the through-bolt, reduce the fatigue strength of the through-bolt and the risk of breakage of the through-bolt.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a second locking assembly arranged at at least one through-bolt rod end, the second locking assembly includes a second nut threadedly connected to the rod end of the through-bolt, a second gasket on the through-bolt between the second nut and the rear shell, and an elastic gasket located between the second nut and the second gasket, the elastic gasket being provided with a gasket hole for the through-bolt to pass through.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the locking of the through bolt of the hydraulic breaker not only has the first locking method of the first locking component, but also has a second locking method, in which at least one through bolt adopts the second locking component; an elastic gasket is added between the second nut and the second gasket, and when the pulse tensile force peak and the vibration force peak exceed the deformation resistance of the elastic gasket, the elastic gasket undergoes elastic deformation, so that the pulse force and the vibration force are converted into the deformation of the elastic gasket, reducing the pulse tensile force peak and the vibration force peak, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture.

[0016] Furthermore, a positioning ring stop for positioning the elastic gasket is provided on the rear end surface of the second gasket.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the positioning ring block is located at the periphery of the elastic gasket, which can position and limit the outer periphery of the elastic gasket.

[0018] Furthermore, a second positioning ring groove is provided on the rear end surface of the rear shell, and a second positioning convex ring matched with the second positioning ring groove is provided on the front end surface of the second gasket.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the second gasket can be further positioned stably through the cooperation between the second positioning protruding ring and the second positioning ring groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the front end surface of the second nut is a planar structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the rear end surface of the second gasket is a planar structure.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that when an elastic gasket is added between the second nut and the second gasket, a planar structure can be adopted between the contact end faces of the second nut and the second gasket, and the elastic deformation of the elastic gasket can be used to meet the requirements of the second nut to vibrate micro-following the through bolt, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture of the through bolt.

[0023] Furthermore, the elastic gasket is made of spring steel.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the elastic gasket maintains good elastic deformation and is not easy to break, while also having good toughness and plasticity, and can withstand a certain deformation without cracking or deformation; the high strength can resist greater bending and torsional forces, so that the spring has better resilience and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first nut of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first nut of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first nut of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first gasket of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the first gasket of the utility model at an angle 1;

[0032] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the first gasket of the utility model at angle 2;

[0033] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0034] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second nut of the utility model;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic gasket of the utility model;

[0037] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second gasket of the utility model;

[0038] Fig.14 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the second gasket of the utility model;

[0039] In the figure, 1, front shell; 2, middle cylinder; 3, rear shell; 31, first positioning ring groove; 32, second positioning ring groove; 4, through bolt; 5, first nut; 51, spherical structure; 6, first gasket; 61, spherical groove structure; 62, first positioning convex ring; 7, second nut; 8, second gasket; 81, positioning ring stop; 82, second positioning convex ring; 9, elastic gasket; 10, vibration damping sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, a hydraulic breaker includes a front shell 1, a middle cylinder 2, a rear shell 3, and four through bolts 4 for connecting the front shell 1, the middle cylinder 2 and the rear shell 3, and also includes a first locking assembly arranged at the rod end of at least one through bolt 4, the first locking assembly includes a first nut 5 threadedly connected to the rod end of the through bolt 4 and a first gasket 6 sleeved on the through bolt 4 between the first nut 5 and the rear shell 3, and the first nut 5 and the first gasket 6 are spherically matched. Further, at least one pair of through bolts is provided with a first locking assembly.

[0042] The front end of the first nut 5 is provided with a spherical structure 51, and the rear end of the first gasket 6 is provided with a spherical groove structure 61 matched with the spherical structure 51. The spherical fit between the first nut 5 and the first gasket 6 is that the first nut 5 is provided with a spherical structure 51 on the end face in contact with the first gasket 6, and the first gasket 6 is provided with a spherical groove on the end face in contact with the first nut 5. The first nut 5 will rotate to a certain extent with the vibration of the through bolt 4 to reduce or even avoid fatigue fracture of the through bolt 4.

[0043] The rear end surface of the rear shell 3 is provided with a first positioning ring groove 31, and the front end of the first gasket 6 is provided with a first positioning convex ring 62 adapted to the first positioning ring groove 31. The first gasket 6 is further stably positioned by the cooperation between the first positioning convex ring 62 and the first positioning ring groove 31.

[0044] A vibration-damping sleeve 10 is provided between the rod of the through bolt 4 and the rear shell 3 and the middle cylinder 2, respectively. A vibration-damping positioning groove for positioning the vibration-damping sleeve 10 is provided on the through bolt 4. A vibration-damping sleeve 10 is provided between the through bolt 4 and the rear shell 3; a vibration-damping sleeve 10 is provided between the through bolt 4 and the middle cylinder 2; when the through bolt 4 vibrates, the vibration-damping sleeve will be squeezed by the through bolt 4 to absorb the vibration, which can reduce the amplitude of the through bolt 4, reduce the fatigue strength of the through bolt 4 and the risk of fracture of the through bolt 4.

[0045] Embodiment 2, as Figure 1-Figure 14As shown, on the basis of embodiment 1, it also includes a second locking assembly arranged at the rod end of at least one through bolt 4, the second locking assembly includes a second nut 7 threadedly connected to the rod end of the through bolt 4, a second gasket 8 sleeved on the through bolt 4 between the second nut 7 and the rear shell 3, and an elastic gasket 9 located between the second nut 7 and the second gasket 8, and the elastic gasket 9 is provided with a gasket hole for the through bolt 4 to pass through. The locking of the through bolt 4 of the hydraulic breaker not only has the first locking method of the first locking assembly, but also adds a second locking method, in which at least one through bolt 4 adopts the second locking assembly; an elastic gasket 9 is added between the second nut 7 and the second gasket 8, and when the peak value of the pulse tensile force and the peak value of the vibration force exceed the deformation resistance of the elastic gasket 9, the elastic gasket 9 undergoes elastic deformation, so that the pulse force and the vibration force are converted into the deformation of the elastic gasket 9, reducing the peak value of the pulse tensile force and the peak value of the vibration force, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture.

[0046] For example, a first locking assembly is used on a pair of through bolts of a hydraulic breaker, and a second locking assembly is used on another pair of through bolts. The first locking assembly can be installed on a pair of through bolts arranged diagonally.

[0047] A positioning ring stopper 81 for positioning the elastic gasket 9 is provided on the rear end surface of the second gasket 8. The positioning ring stopper 81 is located at the periphery of the elastic gasket 9 and can position and limit the periphery of the elastic gasket 9.

[0048] The rear end surface of the rear shell 3 is provided with a second positioning ring groove 32, and the front end surface of the second gasket 8 is provided with a second positioning convex ring 82 adapted to the second positioning ring groove 32. The second gasket 8 is further stably positioned by the cooperation between the second positioning convex ring 82 and the second positioning ring groove 32.

[0049] The front end face of the second nut 7 is a planar structure; and / or the rear end face of the second gasket 8 is a planar structure. When an elastic gasket 9 is added between the second nut 7 and the second gasket 8, a planar structure can be adopted between the contact end faces of the second nut 7 and the second gasket 8, and the elastic deformation of the elastic gasket 9 can meet the requirement of the second nut 7 to vibrate slightly with the through bolt 4, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture of the through bolt 4.

[0050] The elastic gasket 9 is made of spring steel, which allows the elastic gasket 9 to maintain good elastic deformation and not be easily broken, and also has good toughness and plasticity, and can withstand certain deformation without cracks or deformation; high strength can resist greater bending and torsion forces, so that the spring has better resilience and stability.

[0051] The front and rear indication position relationship in the front shell and the rear shell is based on the attached Figure 1The orientation relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0052] The four through bolts 4 of the utility model can all adopt the first locking assembly. Of course, under the premise of adopting the locking assembly, at least one through bolt 4 second locking assembly can be provided. The first nut 5 of the first locking assembly and the first washer 6 adopt a spherical fit, so that a spherical rotation pair that can generate rotation is formed between the first nut 5 and the first washer 6; when the through bolt 4 vibrates, the through bolt 4 and the first nut 5 have a degree of freedom to rotate between the spherical rotation pair formed with the first washer 6 under the condition of overcoming the friction between the first nut 5 and the first washer 6; the first nut 5 will also generate a certain degree of rotation to a certain extent with the vibration of the through bolt 4, reducing the friction caused by the existing nut The amplitude of the micro-vibration part and the non-micro-vibration part of the through-bolt 4 is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture of the through-bolt 4; after a long period of time, under the dual effects of the huge pulse tension of the rear shell 3 and the huge vibration force of the breaker, the through-bolt 4 and the second nut 7 are prone to fracture at the maximum load position, and a second locking component is adopted. When the peak value of the pulse tension and the peak value of the vibration force exceed the deformation resistance of the elastic gasket 9, the elastic gasket 9 undergoes elastic deformation, so that the pulse tension and vibration force are converted into the deformation of the elastic gasket 9, reducing the peak value of the pulse tension and the peak value of the vibration force, and through the elastic deformation of the elastic gasket 9 between the second nut 7 and the second gasket 8, the risk of fatigue fracture of the through-bolt 4 is reduced.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker, comprising a front shell (1), a middle cylinder (2), a rear shell (3), and four through bolts (4) for connecting the front shell (1), the middle cylinder (2) and the rear shell (3), It is characterized in that It also includes a first locking assembly arranged at the rod end of at least one through bolt (4), the first locking assembly including a first nut (5) threadedly connected to the rod end of the through bolt (4) and a first gasket (6) sleeved on the through bolt (4) between the first nut (5) and the rear shell (3), the first nut (5) and the first gasket (6) being spherically matched.

2. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first nut (5) is provided with a spherical structure (51), and the first gasket (6) is provided with a spherical groove structure (61) that matches the spherical structure (51).

3. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The rear shell (3) is provided with a first positioning ring groove (31), and the first gasket (6) is provided with a first positioning convex ring (62) matched with the first positioning ring groove (31).

4. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A vibration-damping sleeve (10) is provided between the rod of the through bolt (4) and the rear shell (3) and the middle cylinder (2), respectively, and a vibration-damping positioning groove for positioning the vibration-damping sleeve (10) is provided on the through bolt (4).

5. The hydraulic breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The invention also comprises a second locking assembly arranged at the rod end of at least one through bolt (4), the second locking assembly comprising a second nut (7) threadedly connected to the rod end of the through bolt (4), a second gasket (8) sleeved on the through bolt (4) between the second nut (7) and the rear shell (3), and an elastic gasket (9) located between the second nut (7) and the second gasket (8), the elastic gasket (9) being provided with a gasket hole for the through bolt (4) to pass through.

6. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 5, It is characterized in that A positioning ring stop (81) for positioning the elastic gasket (9) is provided on the rear end surface of the second gasket (8).

7. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The rear shell (3) is provided with a second positioning ring groove (32), and the second gasket (8) is provided with a second positioning convex ring (82) matched with the second positioning ring groove (32).

8. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The front end surface of the second nut (7) is a planar structure; and / or the rear end surface of the second gasket (8) is a planar structure.

9. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The elastic gasket (9) is made of spring steel.

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