Rapid construction structure for ecological revetment in mudflat area

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction of ecological revetments, in particular to a rapid construction structure of an ecological revetment in a mud flat area, which comprises revetment retaining walls arranged along a design line of a landscape revetment, and revetment entities formed by backfilling soil and solidified undisturbed soil in wall back areas of the retaining walls, the non-footpath area and the footpath area are arranged above the revetment entity; the revetment retaining wall comprises a plurality of mortise square piles assembled and arranged along the design line of the landscape revetment and a coping fixedly connected to the upper ends of the mortise square piles. The two ends of each mortise square pile are provided with a tenon and a mortise which are matched with each other respectively, and the adjacent mortise square piles are connected in a clamped mode through the tenons and the mortises. The coping is made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete and used for fixedly connecting the multiple mortise square piles into a whole. The revetment retaining wall in the structure adopts a plurality of mortise square piles, so that quick assembly can be realized; the assembled revetment retaining walls are arranged in order, and water and soil loss is not prone to occurring; the coping is arranged at the upper ends of the mortise square piles, so that the square pile retaining wall is further reinforced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of ecological revetment construction, in particular to a rapid construction structure of an ecological revetment in a tidal flat area. Background Art

[0002] Tidal flats are a very precious land resource, including beaches, river beaches, and lake beaches, which usually switch between submerged and exposed states. In order to make full use of idle tidal flat land resources, develop and fix tidal flat boundaries, and provide people with a good place for rest, entertainment, and walking, the construction of ecological revetments has become the only way for contemporary tidal flat development and utilization.

[0003] Early revetments were mostly mortar-laid rubble or dry-laid block stone retaining wall revetments. Later, imitation wood pile revetments, pine wood pile revetments, cast-in-place concrete revetments, prefabricated block revetments, etc. gradually appeared. According to the structural type, today's revetments are mainly divided into two categories: pile revetments and hard wall revetments. Pile revetments are represented by pine wood piles and imitation wood piles, which are arranged along the river channel or tidal flats. However, the durability of the part above the water surface of pine wood piles is poor, and the linear control of imitation wood piles is difficult, which can easily lead to uneven lines, poor bite between piles, and easy loss of soil between piles, resulting in an unsatisfactory overall appearance. Hard wall revetments are represented by stone retaining walls and prefabricated blocks. They require large-scale lifting machinery to assist in construction and installation. The foundation is located below the water surface, which is difficult to construct, time-consuming, and has a high overall cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat areas.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area comprises a revetment retaining wall arranged along the design line of landscape revetment, a revetment entity formed by backfilling soil and solidifying original soil in the wall back area of ​​the retaining wall, and a non-walkway area and a walkway area arranged above the revetment entity; the characteristics are as follows: the revetment retaining wall comprises a plurality of mortise and tenon square piles assembled and arranged along the design line of landscape revetment, and a capping fixed to the upper ends of the plurality of mortise and tenon square piles; the two ends of the mortise and tenon square piles are respectively constructed with matching tenons and tenons, and adjacent tenon and tenon square piles are connected by the tenons and tenons; the capping is cast-in-place reinforced concrete, which is used to fix the plurality of mortise and tenon square piles into one.

[0007] The utility model adopts the above technical solution, which relates to a rapid construction structure of ecological revetments in tidal flat areas. The revetment retaining wall in the structure is composed of multiple mortise and tenon square piles assembled and arranged along the design line of the landscape revetment. The mortise and tenon square piles are connected by the tenon and the tenon, which can be quickly assembled. The assembled revetment retaining wall is not only neatly arranged and linearly beautiful, but also interlocked with each other front and back, with good retaining performance and not prone to soil erosion. In a further solution, a cap is provided on the upper end of the multiple mortise and tenon square piles, which is cast-in-place reinforced concrete. The multiple mortise and tenon square piles are fixed together by an integrated casting method, thereby further strengthening the square pile retaining wall.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the mortise and tenon square pile is a pointed end for insertion into the tidal flat; the upper end thereof is constructed with a groove, a protrusion or a rough surface for a tighter fixation with the top when the top is cast in situ reinforced concrete.

[0009] The mortise and tenon square piles are precast reinforced concrete piles with a full-length mortise on one side and a full-length tenon on the other side. The pile length and embedding depth are determined according to the design requirements. The pile diameter is 300*300mm. They are driven into place according to the designed revetment line by pile-driving boats or artificial water flushing methods, and the mortise and tenon are connected to form a retaining wall.

[0010] Preferably, the revetment entity comprises a common fill layer and an original soil solidification layer. The common fill layer can be the original soil of the revetment after drying, or can be common soil that meets the requirements of building backfill.

[0011] The original soil solidification layer is the original soil near the revetment, which is solidified by adding cement and lime, and then backfilled to the back of the revetment wall. The amount of cement and lime should be determined by testing according to the water content and particle fineness of the original soil. The final solidified body has a 28-day uniaxial compressive strength of not less than 1MPa.

[0012] The large-scale backfill and original solidified soil in this plan aims to make full use of the original soil of the tidal flat, improve it through rolling, adding cement and lime, which helps to reduce the cost of transporting the abandoned soil.

[0013] Furthermore, the common fill layer is sloped near the square piles to maintain the stability of the side, with the foot of the slope being no less than 2m away from the square piles; the mortise and tenon square piles are protected from tilting by a safety distance of 2m.

[0014] Then the original soil solidification layer is laid between the common fill layer and the revetment retaining wall. Here, the original soil solidification layer is used to fit the square piles. Due to the solidification, the pressure on the mortise and tenon square piles is small, and it is not easy to make them tilt.

[0015] In a further solution, a crushed stone cushion layer is laid on the original soil solidification layer, the crushed stone cushion layer is 20 cm thick, the particle size is 16-30 mm, and a small roller is used to compact it. Curbstones are laid on the crushed stone cushion layer along the design line of the trail, and the curbstones are fixed on the crushed stone cushion layer through a cement mortar cushion layer.

[0016] Preferably, the side stones are made of granite, with a cross-sectional width of 120 mm and a height of 200 mm. The straight section of the trail design line uses 1 m long granite strips, and the arc section uses 0.2 m long granite strips.

[0017] A reinforced concrete base is poured on the gravel cushion between the side stone and the capping. The reinforced concrete base is 15cm thick and is cast with C25 concrete. The steel bars are φ10@200 steel mesh. The reinforced concrete base is constructed as a ramp with a low outside and a high inside. The concrete base has a horizontal slope of 2%, and the water flows toward the outside of the revetment.

[0018] Preferably, a colored permeable concrete surface layer is laid on the reinforced concrete base. The colored permeable concrete surface layer is a kind of concrete with a thickness of 5 cm. It is mainly made by mechanically mixing coarse aggregate, cementitious materials, pigments, etc., manually spreading, and finally using a concrete trowel to smooth the surface. After the surface is air-dried, it is covered and moisturized for maintenance. After the maintenance is completed, the colored permeable concrete surface layer has the properties of bright color, high permeability, good strength, durability and wear resistance.

[0019] Preferably, a planting soil layer is laid above the ordinary filling soil layer inside the curbstone, the planting soil layer is made of humus mixed with ordinary soil, meets the nutritional needs of plant growth and the requirements of the growth environment, and has a thickness of not less than 40 cm. Green vegetation is planted on the planting soil layer, and the green vegetation can be planted in a mixed manner of turf, shrubs, and trees.

[0020] Preferably, aquatic plants are planted on the outside of the revetment retaining wall. The aquatic plants can be one or more of the following: lily, canna, iris, and reed. Stone blocks are laid. The stone blocks are large stones with clear edges and corners or smooth pebbles. The maximum size is not less than 1m and the minimum size is not less than 0.5m. Placing stone blocks on the revetment side can reduce the scouring speed of water flow and improve the survival rate of aquatic plants.

[0021] Preferably, a railing is installed above the revetment retaining wall. The railing is a standard outdoor railing made of stainless steel or galvanized steel. The railing uprights are spaced 1.5m apart and are fixed to the upper surface of the top with stainless steel expansion bolts.

[0022] Installing wall washer lights on railings and retaining walls not only meets the illumination requirements at night, but also enhances the overall aesthetics of the revetment. Wall washer lights are strip-shaped LED long-life lighting fixtures.

[0023] Preferably, a drainage pipe is cast inside the capping; the drainage pipe is made of PVC, with an outer diameter of 5 cm and a length of 100 cm. After the capping steel bars are tied and the formwork is closed, a hole is opened on the side of the formwork for pre-embedding. Along the length of the revetment, the drainage pipe is buried every 2 m, and the pre-embedding angle of the drainage pipe is 24° to the horizontal plane. During installation, a double-layer glass fiber mesh with a size of 20*20 cm is used to cover the hole of the base PVC water pipe, and the four corners of the glass fiber mesh are fixed to the surface of the base with steel nails. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the revetment involved in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is the elevation drawing of the revetment involved in the invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is the plan view of the revetment involved in the invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a plan view of the mortise and tenon square pile.

[0028] Figure 5 It is an elevation view of the mortise and tenon square pile.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a cross-section of a mortise and tenon square pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment relates to a rapid construction structure of an ecological revetment in a tidal flat area, including a revetment retaining wall 7 arranged along the design line of the landscape revetment, and a revetment entity formed by backfilling soil and solidifying the original soil in the wall back area of ​​the retaining wall, and a non-walkway area and a walkway area arranged above the revetment entity. The revetment retaining wall 7 includes a plurality of mortise and tenon square piles 71 assembled and arranged along the design line of the landscape revetment, and a capping 5 fixed to the upper ends of the plurality of mortise and tenon square piles 71. The two ends of the mortise and tenon square piles 71 are respectively constructed with matching tenons 72 and tenons 73, and adjacent mortise and tenon square piles 71 are connected by the tenons 72 and the tenons 73. The capping 5 is cast-in-place reinforced concrete, which is used to fix the plurality of mortise and tenon square piles 71 into one body.

[0036] The revetment retaining wall 7 in this structure is composed of multiple mortise and tenon square piles 71 assembled and arranged along the design line of the landscape revetment. The mortise and tenon square piles 71 are connected by the tenon 72 and the mortise and tenon 73, which can be quickly assembled. The assembled revetment retaining wall 7 is not only neatly arranged, but also linearly beautiful. Moreover, the front and rear are interlocked with each other, with good retaining performance and less prone to soil and water loss. In a further scheme, a capping 5 is provided on the upper end of multiple mortise and tenon square piles 71. The capping 5 is cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Multiple mortise and tenon square piles 71 are fixed as one body by an integrated casting method, thereby further reinforcing the square pile retaining wall. A drainage pipe 6 is cast inside the capping 5. The drainage pipe 6 is made of PVC material, with an outer diameter of 5 cm and a length of 100 cm. After the steel bars of the capping 5 are tied and the template is closed, a hole is opened on the side of the template for pre-embedding. Along the length direction of the revetment, the drainage pipe 6 is buried every 2 m, and the pre-embedding angle of the drainage pipe 6 is 24° with the horizontal plane. During installation, a double-layer fiberglass mesh with a size of 20*20cm is used to cover the holes of the base PVC water pipe, and the four corners of the fiberglass mesh are fixed to the base surface with steel nails.

[0037] In such Figure 4 and 5 In the specific scheme shown in FIG6 , the lower end of the mortise and tenon square pile 71 is a pointed end for inserting into the tidal flat. A groove, a protrusion or a rough surface is constructed on the upper end thereof for more tightly fixing with the top 5 when the cast-in-place reinforced concrete top 5 is pressed. The mortise and tenon square pile 71 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete pile, with a full-length mortise and tenon 73 on one side and a full-length tenon 72 on the other side. The pile length and embedding depth are determined according to the design requirements, and the pile diameter is 300*300mm. It is driven into place according to the designed revetment line shape by a pile driving ship or artificial water flushing method, and the mortise and tenon 73 are connected to form a retaining wall.

[0038] In a specific scheme, the revetment entity includes a common backfill layer 16 and an original soil solidification layer 11. In this scheme, the large-scale backfill soil and original soil solidification soil are intended to make full use of the original soil of the tidal flat. By rolling, adding cement and lime, it is improved, which is conducive to reducing the cost of transporting abandoned soil. The common backfill layer 16 can be the original soil of the revetment after drying, or it can be ordinary soil that meets the requirements of building backfill. The common backfill layer 16 is sloped at a position close to the square piles, and the stability of the side is maintained by slope. The slope foot line is not less than 2m away from the square piles. The mortise and tenon square piles 71 are protected from tilting by a safety distance of 2m. Then the original soil solidification layer 11 is laid between the common backfill layer 16 and the revetment retaining wall 7. The original soil solidification layer 11 is the original soil near the revetment, which is stirred and solidified by adding cement and lime, and backfilled to the back of the revetment wall. The amount of cement and lime added needs to be determined by experiment according to the water content and particle fineness of the original soil. The final solidified body has a 28-day uniaxial compressive strength of not less than 1 MPa. Here, the original soil solidification layer 11 is used to fit the square piles. Due to the solidification process, the pressure on the mortise and tenon square piles 71 is relatively small, and it is not easy to tilt.

[0039] In a further solution, a crushed stone cushion layer 10 is laid on the original soil solidification layer 11. The crushed stone cushion layer 10 is 20 cm thick and has a particle size of 16-30 mm. It is compacted by a small roller. Curbstones 12 are laid on the crushed stone cushion layer 10 along the design line of the trail. The curbstones 12 are fixed on the crushed stone cushion layer 10 through a cement mortar cushion layer 13. The curbstones 12 are made of granite, with a cross-sectional width of 120 mm and a height of 200 mm. The straight section of the design line of the trail uses 1 m long granite strips, and the arc section uses 0.2 m long granite strips.

[0040] Next, a reinforced concrete base layer 9 is poured above the gravel cushion layer 10 between the curb 12 and the capping 5. The reinforced concrete base layer 9 is 15 cm thick and is made of C25 concrete. The steel bars are made of φ10@200 steel mesh. The reinforced concrete base layer 9 is constructed as a ramp with a low outside and a high inside. The concrete base layer has a horizontal slope of 2%, and the water flows toward the outside of the revetment. A colored permeable concrete surface layer 8 is laid above the reinforced concrete base layer 9. The colored permeable concrete surface layer 8 is a kind of concrete with a thickness of 5 cm. It is mainly made by mechanically mixing coarse aggregate, cementitious materials, pigments, etc., manually paving, and finally using a concrete trowel to smooth the surface. After the surface is air-dried, it is covered and maintained to retain moisture. After the maintenance is completed, the colored permeable concrete surface layer 8 has the properties of bright color, high permeability, good strength, durability and wear resistance.

[0041] In addition, a planting soil layer 15 is laid above the ordinary filling soil layer 16 inside the curb 12. The planting soil layer 15 is made of humus mixed with ordinary soil to meet the nutritional needs of plant growth and the requirements of the growth environment. The thickness is not less than 40 cm. Green vegetation 14 is planted on the planting soil layer 15. The green vegetation 14 can be planted in a mixture of turf, shrubs, and trees.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, aquatic plants 1 are planted on the outside of the revetment retaining wall 7. The aquatic plants 1 can be one or more of the following: hydrangea, canna, iris, and reed. Stone blocks 2 are laid. The stone blocks 2 are large stones 2 with clear edges and corners or overall smooth pebbles. The maximum dimension is not less than 1m, and the minimum dimension is not less than 0.5m. Placing stone blocks 2 on the side of the revetment can reduce the speed of water flow and improve the survival rate of aquatic plants 1. A railing 4 is installed above the revetment retaining wall 7. The railing 4 is a standard outdoor railing 4 made of stainless steel or galvanized steel. The distance between the railing 4 uprights is 1.5m, and it is fixed to the upper surface of the pressure top 5 with stainless steel expansion bolts. Wall washers 3 are installed on the railings 4 and the retaining wall for lighting, which not only meets the illumination requirements of night lights, but also enhances the overall beauty of the revetment. The wall washers 3 are strip-shaped LED long-life lighting fixtures.

[0043] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid construction structure for ecological revetments in tidal flat areas, comprising a revetment retaining wall (7) arranged along a design line of a landscape revetment, a revetment entity formed by backfilling soil and solidifying original soil in a back area of ​​the retaining wall, and a non-walkway area and a walkway area arranged above the revetment entity; characterized in that: The revetment retaining wall (7) comprises a plurality of mortise and tenon square piles (71) assembled and arranged along the design line of the landscape revetment, and a capping (5) fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of mortise and tenon square piles (71); the two ends of the mortise and tenon square piles (71) are respectively constructed with matching tenons (72) and tenons (73), and adjacent mortise and tenon square piles (71) are connected by snapping the tenons (72) and tenons (73); the capping (5) is cast-in-place reinforced concrete and is used to fix the plurality of mortise and tenon square piles (71) into one body.

2. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lower end of the mortise and tenon square pile (71) is a pointed end for inserting into the tidal flat; the upper end thereof is constructed with a groove, a protrusion or a rough surface for more tightly fixing to the top (5) when the top (5) is cast-in-place reinforced concrete.

3. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 1 is characterized by: The revetment entity comprises an ordinary fill layer (16) and an original soil solidification layer (11), wherein the ordinary fill layer (16) is sloped at a position close to the square piles, and the slope foot line is not less than 2m away from the square piles; the original soil solidification layer (11) is laid between the ordinary fill layer (16) and the revetment retaining wall (7).

4. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 3 is characterized by: A crushed stone cushion layer (10) is laid above the original soil solidification layer (11); curb stones (12) are laid above the crushed stone cushion layer (10) along the design line of the trail; a reinforced concrete base layer (9) is poured above the crushed stone cushion layer (10) between the curb stones (12) and the top pressure (5); the reinforced concrete base layer (9) is constructed as a ramp with a lower outer side and a higher inner side.

5. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 4 is characterized by: The side stones (12) are made of granite, with a cross-sectional width of 120 mm and a height of 200 mm; the straight section of the trail design line uses 1 m long granite strips, and the curved section uses 0.2 m long granite strips.

6. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 4 is characterized by: A colored permeable concrete surface layer (8) is laid on top of the reinforced concrete base layer (9).

7. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 4 is characterized by: A planting soil layer (15) is laid above the common filling soil layer (16) inside the curbstone (12), and green vegetation (14) is planted on the planting soil layer (15).

8. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 1 is characterized by: Aquatic plants (1) are planted on the outside of the revetment retaining wall (7), and blocks of stone (2) are laid.

9. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 1 is characterized by: A handrail (4) is installed above the revetment retaining wall (7), the handrail (4) has a vertical bar spacing of 1.5 m and is fixed to the upper surface of the capping (5) using stainless steel expansion bolts.

10. The rapid construction structure of ecological revetment in tidal flat area according to claim 1 is characterized by: A drainage pipe (6) is cast inside the pressure top (5); along the length direction of the revetment, the drainage pipe (6) is buried every 2m, and the pre-buried angle of the drainage pipe (6) is 24° with the horizontal plane.

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