Deep hole blasting structure for open-cast mining near side slope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep hole blasting structure for open-cast mining close to a side slope, which relates to the field of side slope deep hole blasting, and comprises a side slope, a protection mechanism is arranged at the step of the side slope, and the protection mechanism is used for blocking and protecting shock waves or broken stones generated during side slope blasting. According to the utility model, the protection mechanism is arranged, so that the explosion-proof plate in a mounting state can block shock waves or broken stones generated during slope explosion, and the hole grooves of the honeycomb-shaped net structure can dispersedly bear the pressure when the explosion-proof plate is stressed, so that the explosion-proof plate has certain resistance when being impacted by external force; and the blast holes for blasting in the side slope are all in a vertical state, the vertical depth of the blast holes is gradually shortened when the blast holes are close to the side slope, the size of the angle of the side slope is controlled through the lengths of the blast holes, and the purposes of saving the rock drilling work amount and reducing disturbance of blasting to the side slope are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of deep hole blasting of slopes, in particular to a deep hole blasting structure used for slopes adjacent to open-pit mining. Background Art

[0002] In the process of open-pit mining, mining companies pursue high-efficiency and high-intensity mining. During normal step blasting mining, the large amount of single blasting causes great disturbance to the mine slopes. At the same time, due to the differences in slope geology, the slopes of the mining area often have over- or under-excavation, which poses a great safety hazard to later production. At the same time, slope management is also a construction problem in the process of open-pit mining.

[0003] There are two methods for deep hole blasting near the slope of open-pit mining. One is to control the stability of the slope by constructing inclined holes in a row of blastholes near the slope. The inclination angle is consistent with the slope surface angle. The final slope angle is directly formed after blasting to less disturb the slope. However, this method of constructing inclined blastholes has great difficulty in drilling the blastholes, low drilling efficiency and a large amount of drilling process. The other is to construct all vertical blastholes on the steps. However, this method has low difficulty in drilling the blastholes, high drilling efficiency and small drilling workload, but it causes great disturbance to the step slope, is prone to over-excavation and under-excavation, and requires a large amount of subsequent slope repair work. In addition, during the slope blasting process, shock waves or gravel will be generated, which will cause harm to the surrounding environment, operators and buildings. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near the slope in order to solve the problems that deep hole blasting in open-pit mining near the slope causes great disturbance to the slope and a large amount of slope repair, and that the shock waves or crushed stones generated during the slope blasting process cause harm to the surrounding environment, operators, and buildings.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near a slope, comprising a slope, wherein a plurality of blast holes are opened inside the slope, the blast holes are in a vertical state, and the vertical depths of the plurality of blast holes gradually decrease with the inclination angle of the slope;

[0006] A protective mechanism is installed at the step of the slope, and the protective mechanism is used to block and protect the shock wave or gravel generated when the slope is blasted;

[0007] The protection mechanism includes a splicing assembly, an explosion-proof plate assembly, and a supporting assembly;

[0008] The splicing assembly is used to splice and install two adjacent explosion-proof panel assemblies;

[0009] The explosion-proof plate assembly in the installed state is used to block the shock wave or gravel generated when the slope is blasted;

[0010] The support assembly is used to improve the stability of the explosion-proof panel assembly in an installed state.

[0011] As a further solution of the utility model: the explosion-proof plate assembly includes an explosion-proof plate, a cement layer, and a plurality of holes and grooves;

[0012] The explosion-proof plate is disassembled and installed at the step of the slope, the cement layer is poured on the inner side of the explosion-proof plate, the holes and grooves are opened on the outer side of the explosion-proof plate, and a plurality of the holes and grooves form a honeycomb mesh structure.

[0013] As a further solution of the utility model: the splicing assembly includes a "T"-shaped plug-in and a "T"-shaped slot;

[0014] The "T"-shaped plug-in is integrally formed at the end of the explosion-proof plate, and the "T"-shaped slot is opened at the other end of the explosion-proof plate.

[0015] As a further solution of the utility model: the "T"-shaped slot is used for the "T"-shaped plug-in to be completely inserted into the interior thereof from top to bottom, and the "T"-shaped plug-in and the "T"-shaped slot in the engaged state are used for splicing and installing two adjacent explosion-proof panels.

[0016] As a further solution of the utility model: the support assembly includes a bracket, a torsion spring, a connecting shaft, a support frame, and a base;

[0017] The bracket is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof plate, the connecting shaft is formed at both ends of the support frame, and the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket, the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the bracket and the support frame, and the torsion spring in a twisted state is used to drive the support frame to rotate inward and reset, and the base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame.

[0018] As a further solution of the utility model: fixing piles are installed at the bottom of the explosion-proof plate and the base, and the fixing piles are used to be inserted into the steps of the slope to limit and fix the positions of the explosion-proof plate and the base.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] By setting up a protective mechanism, the installed explosion-proof plate can block the shock wave or gravel generated by the blasting of the slope, and the holes and grooves of the honeycomb mesh structure can disperse the pressure of the explosion-proof plate when it is under stress, so that the explosion-proof plate has a certain resistance when facing external force impact, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the surrounding environment, operators and buildings. The blasting holes inside the slope are all vertical. The vertical depth of the blasting holes gradually shortens when the blasting holes are close to the slope. The length of the blasting holes is used to control the angle of the slope, thereby saving the amount of rock drilling work and reducing the disturbance of the slope caused by blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the blasthole structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection mechanism of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Slope; 2. Blast hole; 3. Protective mechanism; 301. Explosion-proof plate; 302. Cement layer; 303. Hole groove; 304. "T"-shaped plug-in; 305. "T"-shaped slot; 306. Bracket; 307. Torsion spring; 308. Connecting shaft; 309. Support frame; 3010. Base; 4. Fixed pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 3 In an embodiment of the utility model, a deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near a slope comprises a slope 1, a plurality of blast holes 2 are opened inside the slope 1, the blast holes 2 are in a vertical state, and the vertical depths of the plurality of blast holes 2 gradually decrease with the inclination angle of the slope 1;

[0027] A protection mechanism 3 is installed at the step of the slope 1, and the protection mechanism 3 is used to block and protect the shock wave or gravel generated when the slope 1 is blasted;

[0028] The protection mechanism 3 includes a splicing assembly, an explosion-proof plate assembly, and a supporting assembly;

[0029] The splicing assembly is used to splice and install two adjacent explosion-proof panel assemblies;

[0030] The explosion-proof plate assembly in the installed state is used to block the shock wave or gravel generated when the slope 1 is blasted;

[0031] The support assembly is used to improve the stability of the explosion-proof panel assembly in the installed state.

[0032] In this embodiment: before the slope 1 needs to be blasted, a protective mechanism 3 is installed at the step of the slope 1, and a fixed pile 4 at the bottom of an explosion-proof panel 301 is inserted into the inside of the step of the slope 1, so that the position of the explosion-proof panel 301 is fixed, and then a support frame 309 on the explosion-proof panel 301 is rotated outward, so that the support frame 309 rotates around the connecting shaft 308, and the torsion spring 307 is squeezed, and the torsion spring 307 is twisted by force, and the support frame 309 in the outward rotation state is tilted, and another fixed pile 4 at the bottom of the support frame 309 is inserted into the inside of the step of the slope 1, so that the position of the support frame 309 is fixed, so that the support frame 309 in the tilted state and the explosion-proof panel 301 in the vertical state form a right triangle structure, and the support frame 309 improves the stability of the explosion-proof panel 301 in the installed state;

[0033] At this time, another explosion-proof panel 301 is installed, so that the "T"-shaped plug-in 304 on the other explosion-proof panel 301 is completely inserted into the "T"-shaped slot 305 on one explosion-proof panel 301 from top to bottom, and the "T"-shaped plug-in 304 and the "T"-shaped slot 305 in the engaged state splice and install the two adjacent explosion-proof panels 301, so that the installation of the two adjacent explosion-proof panels 301 is completed, and the plurality of holes and grooves 303 of the honeycomb mesh structure opened on the explosion-proof panel 301 enable the holes and grooves 303 of the honeycomb mesh structure to disperse the pressure of the explosion-proof panel 301 when it is stressed, so that the explosion-proof panel 301 has a certain resistance when facing external force impact;

[0034] When the explosion-proof plate 301 is installed, the slope 1 is blasted to blast multiple blast holes 2 on the surface of the slope 1, and the multiple blast holes 2 are all in a vertical state. When the blast hole 2 is close to the slope 1, the vertical depth of the blast hole 2 gradually becomes shorter. The length of the blast hole 2 is used to control the angle of the slope 1, thereby saving the amount of rock drilling engineering and reducing the disturbance of the blasting to the slope 1.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 , the explosion-proof plate assembly includes an explosion-proof plate 301, a cement layer 302, and a plurality of holes and grooves 303;

[0036] The explosion-proof plate 301 is disassembled and installed at the step of the slope 1, the cement layer 302 is poured on the inner side of the explosion-proof plate 301, the holes and grooves 303 are opened on the outer side of the explosion-proof plate 301, and the plurality of holes and grooves 303 form a honeycomb mesh structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof plate 301 blocks the shock wave or gravel generated by the blasting of the slope 1, so that the holes 303 of the honeycomb mesh structure can disperse the pressure of the explosion-proof plate 301 when it is stressed, so that the explosion-proof plate 301 has a certain resistance when facing external force impact.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3 , the splicing assembly includes a “T”-shaped plug-in 304 and a “T”-shaped slot 305;

[0039] The “T”-shaped plug-in 304 is integrally formed at one end of the explosion-proof plate 301 , and the “T”-shaped slot 305 is provided at the other end of the explosion-proof plate 301 .

[0040] In this embodiment: the "T"-shaped plug-in 304 on another explosion-proof panel 301 is completely inserted from top to bottom into the "T"-shaped slot 305 on one explosion-proof panel 301, and the engaged "T"-shaped plug-in 304 and "T"-shaped slot 305 splice and install two adjacent explosion-proof panels 301.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 The “T”-shaped slot 305 is used for the “T”-shaped plug-in 304 to be completely inserted into the interior thereof from top to bottom. The “T”-shaped plug-in 304 and the “T”-shaped slot 305 in the engaged state are used for splicing and installing two adjacent explosion-proof panels 301 .

[0042] In this embodiment, two adjacent explosion-proof panels 301 are spliced ​​and installed by means of the “T”-shaped plug-in 304 and the “T”-shaped slot 305 in a snap-fit ​​state, so that the installation of the two adjacent explosion-proof panels 301 is completed.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 3 , the support assembly includes a bracket 306, a torsion spring 307, a connecting shaft 308, a support frame 309, and a base 3010;

[0044] The bracket 306 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof plate 301, the connecting shaft 308 is formed at both ends of the support frame 309, and the connecting shaft 308 is rotatably connected to the bracket 306, the two ends of the torsion spring 307 are respectively connected to the bracket 306 and the support frame 309, and the twisted torsion spring 307 is used to drive the support frame 309 to rotate inward and reset, and the base 3010 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 309.

[0045] In this embodiment: a support frame 309 on an explosion-proof panel 301 is rotated outwardly so that the support frame 309 rotates around the connecting shaft 308, and the torsion spring 307 is squeezed, and the torsion spring 307 is twisted by force, and the support frame 309 in the outwardly rotated state is tilted, and another fixed pile 4 at the bottom of the support frame 309 is inserted into the step of the slope 1 to fix the position of the support frame 309, so that the support frame 309 in the tilted state and an explosion-proof panel 301 in the vertical state form a right triangle structure, and the support frame 309 improves the stability of the explosion-proof panel 301 in the installed state.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 3 The bottom of the explosion-proof plate 301 and the base 3010 are both installed with fixing piles 4, which are used to be inserted into the steps of the slope 1 to limit and fix the positions of the explosion-proof plate 301 and the base 3010.

[0047] In this embodiment: a fixing pile 4 at the bottom of an explosion-proof panel 301 is inserted into the inside of the step of the slope 1 to fix the position of the explosion-proof panel 301, and another fixing pile 4 at the bottom of the support frame 309 is inserted into the inside of the step of the slope 1 to fix the position of the support frame 309.

[0048] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention according to the technical scheme and the utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near a slope, comprising a slope (1), characterized in that: A plurality of blast holes (2) are provided inside the slope (1), the blast holes (2) are in a vertical state, and the vertical depths of the plurality of blast holes (2) gradually decrease as the inclination angle of the slope (1); A protective mechanism (3) is installed at the step of the slope (1), and the protective mechanism (3) is used to block and protect the shock wave or gravel generated when the slope (1) is blasted; The protection mechanism (3) comprises a splicing assembly, an explosion-proof plate assembly, and a supporting assembly; The splicing assembly is used to splice and install two adjacent explosion-proof panel assemblies; The explosion-proof plate assembly in the installed state is used to block the shock wave or gravel generated when the slope (1) is blasted; The support assembly is used to improve the stability of the explosion-proof panel assembly in an installed state.

2. A deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near the slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof plate assembly comprises an explosion-proof plate (301), a cement layer (302), and a plurality of holes and grooves (303); The explosion-proof plate (301) is disassembled and installed at the step of the slope (1), the cement layer (302) is poured on the inner side of the explosion-proof plate (301), the holes (303) are opened on the outer side of the explosion-proof plate (301), and a plurality of holes (303) form a honeycomb mesh structure.

3. A deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near the slope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The splicing assembly comprises a "T"-shaped plug-in (304) and a "T"-shaped slot (305); The "T"-shaped plug-in (304) is integrally formed at the end of the explosion-proof plate (301), and the "T"-shaped slot (305) is opened at the other end of the explosion-proof plate (301).

4. A deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near the slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The "T"-shaped slot (305) is used for the "T"-shaped plug-in (304) to be completely inserted therein from top to bottom, and the "T"-shaped plug-in (304) and the "T"-shaped slot (305) in a locked state are used for splicing and installing two adjacent explosion-proof panels (301).

5. The deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near the slope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a bracket (306), a torsion spring (307), a connecting shaft (308), a support frame (309), and a base (3010); The bracket (306) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof plate (301); the connecting shaft (308) is formed at both ends of the support frame (309), and the connecting shaft (308) is rotatably connected to the bracket (306); both ends of the torsion spring (307) are respectively connected to the bracket (306) and the support frame (309); the torsion spring (307) in a twisted state is used to drive the support frame (309) to rotate inwardly and reset; and the base (3010) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame (309).

6. A deep hole blasting structure for open-pit mining near the slope according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottoms of the explosion-proof plate (301) and the base (3010) are both installed with fixing piles (4), and the fixing piles (4) are used to be inserted into the inside of the step of the slope (1) to limit and fix the positions of the explosion-proof plate (301) and the base (3010).

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