Receiving antenna on-line monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a receiving antenna on-line monitoring system, which comprises a signal switching device, an antenna testing device used for testing an antenna and an antenna feeder on-line monitoring terminal, and is characterized in that the signal switching device is used for being connected with an antenna feeder to be tested so as to carry out switching control on a testing signal and an external receiving signal; and the antenna feeder online monitoring terminal is used for controlling the signal switching equipment and the antenna testing equipment and acquiring and processing data information of the working state of the antenna feeder. The receiving antenna on-line monitoring system can automatically carry out rapid measurement, fault location and diagnosis on antenna feeder system parameters on line, can automatically carry out remote maintenance and measurement on an antenna system, saves time-consuming and labor-consuming manual maintenance and overhaul, and greatly improves the maintenance efficiency of an array antenna system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication, and in particular relates to an online monitoring system for a receiving antenna. Background Art

[0002] Shortwave and ultrashortwave array antenna receiving lines are usually composed of dozens or even dozens of antenna systems of the same or different types. These antenna systems usually cause various faults due to aging, corrosion, lightning strikes, physical damage or loose connectors, which leads to reduced communication efficiency or even inability to work. For example, the antenna radiator is damaged by rain, snow, salt spray corrosion or lightning strikes, causing the antenna system standing wave to deteriorate; the aging of the cable medium caused by ultraviolet radiation in the sun or changes in ambient temperature will cause the antenna's inherent working frequency to drift; poor cable contact or water corrosion caused by loose connectors will cause the leakage of RF power and affect the transmission or reception efficiency. The antenna feed line is an important component of wireless transmission equipment. In radio transmission technology, the equipment and technical requirements for the antenna feed line are very high, and the antenna feed line system needs to be effectively monitored and fault-maintained. The traditional maintenance method of the antenna system is still mainly based on manual regular inspections to find problems, which is passive, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has gradually failed to meet the maintenance needs of the increasingly large antenna positions. It is imperative to establish an intelligent and automated antenna feed line online monitoring system. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an online monitoring system for receiving antennas in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, so as to solve the problem of low efficiency of manual inspection required in the prior monitoring system.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide an online monitoring system for a receiving antenna, including a signal switching device, an antenna testing device for testing the antenna, and an antenna feed line online monitoring terminal, wherein the signal switching device is used to connect to the antenna feed line to be tested to switch and control the test signal and the external receiving signal, and the antenna feed line online monitoring terminal is used to control the signal switching device and the antenna testing device and collect data information on the working status of the antenna feed line for processing.

[0005] In another embodiment of the utility model, the antenna testing device includes a test signal source, a frequency domain reflectometer circuit, a signal detection circuit and a control circuit. The control end of the test signal source is connected to the control circuit, and its output end is connected to the signal input end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit. The test signal input end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit is used to connect to the antenna feed line to be tested through a signal switching device. The reference signal output end and the reflected signal output end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit are both connected to the input end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and the output end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit is connected to the control circuit.

[0006] In another embodiment of the present invention, the frequency domain reflectometer circuit uses a dual directional coupler.

[0007] In another embodiment of the utility model, the control circuit at least includes an A / D converter and a microprocessor, the input end of the A / D converter is connected to the output end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and the output end of the A / D converter is connected to the microprocessor.

[0008] In another embodiment of the present invention, the antenna testing device further comprises a filtering circuit, which is used to be connected in series between the test signal source and the reference signal input terminal of the dual directional coupler.

[0009] In another embodiment of the present invention, the antenna testing device further includes a calibration circuit connected to the control circuit.

[0010] In another embodiment of the present invention, the antenna testing device further includes a storage unit and a communication unit connected to the control circuit.

[0011] In another embodiment of the present invention, the test signal source is a swept frequency signal source.

[0012] In another embodiment of the present invention, the signal switching device is a high-performance radio frequency switch.

[0013] In another embodiment of the utility model, a main control module is provided in the antenna feed line online monitoring terminal, and the main control module is controlled and connected to a curve drawing module, a performance analysis module, a data management module and a communication module.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the online monitoring system for the receiving antenna of the utility model can automatically and quickly measure, locate and diagnose the parameters of the antenna feed line system online, can automatically perform remote maintenance and measurement of the antenna system, save time-consuming and labor-intensive manual maintenance and repair, and greatly improve the maintenance efficiency of the array antenna system.

[0015] The system has the following specific functions:

[0016] (1) Online monitoring of antenna performance: All-weather performance measurements of antennas can be completed remotely at the back end without climbing up the antenna tower or laying down the antenna pole to ensure that the antenna meets its design specifications. Basic antenna performance parameters such as voltage standing wave ratio, reflection coefficient, and return loss can be measured. Problems related to cables, connectors, and antennas can be discovered before antenna performance degrades, eliminating the need for time-consuming and labor-intensive antenna testing and troubleshooting.

[0017] (2) Online measurement of antenna receiving signal spectrum: By selecting the spectrum test module in the system, the antenna receiving signal spectrum can be measured to understand the changes in antenna performance and judge the antenna performance and the impact of the electromagnetic environment of the antenna position based on the data. (3) Cable fault point location: By processing the test data, the cable loss is calculated and the reflected signal size at different cable lengths is displayed to find the cable fault. According to the changes in the size of the cable insertion loss, problems such as cable aging and poor contact can also be found.

[0018] (4) Antenna fault diagnosis: Perform subtle characteristic analysis on the electrical performance parameters of the antenna within the operating frequency band to ultimately find out the location of the fault and identify the fault.

[0019] (5) Scheduled fully automatic antenna performance monitoring: The system can set the time and test items, automatically start various antenna performance tests, analyze the measurement data in real time and store it in the database, and issue timely alarms for abnormal situations.

[0020] (6) Historical maintenance: The characteristic graphs of the antenna system between maintenance cycles are compared, and the working status of the antenna system is judged by the slight changes in the antenna performance parameters, so that maintenance and repair can be carried out in a timely manner, and various losses caused by system crashes can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the receiving antenna online monitoring system of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the principle structure diagram of the antenna test equipment;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the control block diagram of the antenna feeder line online monitoring terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings provide preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of the present utility model. The terms used in the specification of the present utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "bottom", "top", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred parts must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated for a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection content of the present utility model.

[0026] like Figure 1 The receiving antenna online monitoring system of the utility model shown in the figure is mainly composed of three parts: a signal switching device, an antenna test device, and an antenna feed line online monitoring terminal. The signal switching device is used to connect to the antenna feed line to be tested to switch and control the test signal and the external receiving signal. The antenna feed line online monitoring terminal is used to control the signal switching device and the antenna test device and collect data information on the working status of the antenna feed line for processing.

[0027] Further optimization, such as Figure 2 The figure shows the principle structure diagram of an embodiment of the antenna testing device. As can be seen from the figure, the device includes a test signal source, a frequency domain reflectometer circuit, a signal detection circuit and a control circuit. The control end of the test signal source is connected to the control circuit, and its output end is connected to the signal input end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit. The test signal input end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit is used to connect to the antenna feed line to be tested through a signal switching device. The reference signal output end and the reflected signal output end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit are both connected to the input end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and the output end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit is connected to the control circuit.

[0028] Preferably, the signal switching device of this embodiment adopts a high-performance RF switch, and the RF switch is used to control whether the monitoring system is working. When the receiver is working normally, it receives an external receiving signal, and the antenna feeder line online monitoring terminal disconnects from the monitoring system through the RF switch. At this time, the monitoring system does not work. When the receiver does not need to receive an external signal, the antenna feeder line online monitoring terminal connects to the monitoring system through the RF switch and controls the antenna test equipment to work.

[0029] Preferably, the control circuit at least includes an A / D converter and a microprocessor, the input end of the A / D converter is connected to the output end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and the output end of the A / D converter is connected to the microprocessor.

[0030] Preferably, the frequency domain reflectometer circuit of this embodiment adopts a dual directional coupler, which uses two high directivity (D>35dB) directional couplers to form a four-port signal analysis circuit. Its working principle is based on the transmission line transformer principle. In the dual directional coupler, there is a straight-through channel and two coupling channels, and the outlets of the two coupling channels correspond to the coupling output port and the isolation output port respectively. Figure 2 As shown, when the signal of the test signal source enters from the input terminal A, it is divided into two parts, one part outputs the reference signal from the coupled output port C through the first coupling channel, and the other part is output from the B port through the straight-through channel, and is connected to the antenna feed line to be tested through the RF switch of the signal switching device. The signal reflected by the antenna feed line enters the coupler from the port B again, and the reflected signal is output from the isolated output port D through the second coupling channel. The reference signal and the reflected signal are simultaneously input to the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit for processing. The signal amplitude comparison detection circuit calculates the complex domain ratio of the two signals, and after the calculation is completed, it is input to the control circuit, converted by the A / D converter, and then input to the microprocessor for processing.

[0031] Preferably, the antenna test equipment of this embodiment also includes a filtering circuit, which is connected in series between the test signal source and the reference signal input end of the dual directional coupler, so as to filter the signal output by the test signal source, thereby effectively suppressing interference such as harmonics and mirror frequencies of the signal, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

[0032] Preferably, the antenna test device of this embodiment also includes a calibration circuit connected to the control circuit, which is used to complete the calibration of the antenna test device. During measurement, the measured load reflection parameters are compared with the calibration data in the memory to obtain the coefficients of each error term, thereby completing error elimination.

[0033] Preferably, the antenna testing device of this embodiment further includes a storage unit and a communication unit connected to the control circuit, so as to store the processed data and transmit the data to the back-end antenna feed line online monitoring terminal through the communication unit.

[0034] Preferably, the signal amplitude ratio detection circuit of this embodiment uses an integrated circuit chip to output the amplitude ratio and phase difference of two input signals in the form of voltage signals.

[0035] Preferably, the test signal source of this embodiment is a swept frequency signal source.

[0036] Furthermore, the antenna feeder line online monitoring terminal of this embodiment can remotely control the antenna test equipment and the antenna switching equipment to collect data on the working status of the antenna feeder line, and transmit the measured data to the terminal in real time for storage and query of the antenna working status, and can also perform detailed analysis and processing of antenna performance and automatically generate antenna working status reports. The monitoring terminal is used for collecting and parsing the working status data of the antenna feeder line, storing and analyzing the data, real-time status monitoring and fault diagnosis, such as Figure 3 As shown, a main control module is provided in the terminal, and the main control module controls and connects a curve drawing module, a performance analysis module, a data management module and a communication module.

[0037] Preferably, the receiving antenna online monitoring system of the present invention may also be configured with a spectrum testing module to measure the spectrum of the antenna receiving signal in real time and implement online spectrum analysis of the antenna receiving signal.

[0038] The main control module coordinates the operations between the modules and controls each module to realize the corresponding functions. Among them, the communication module uses the protocol agreed upon with the antenna test equipment to read the measurement curve data from the storage unit of the antenna test equipment. The data contains information such as the name, type, number of points and date of the curve; the curve drawing module displays the read data on the terminal screen, and can display the curve value or perform local amplification through the marking function; the performance analysis algorithm module mainly performs various conversions on the measured reflection parameters to obtain data such as reflection coefficient, return loss or standing wave ratio. The fault point location function can more conveniently obtain the fault point information in the cable, thereby further judging the performance status of the antenna system; the data management module can store the measurement data in the database, and can also print and archive it.

[0039] The receiving antenna online monitoring system of the utility model can realize the following functions:

[0040] (1) Online measurement of the working status of the antenna feeder line: The performance analysis module of the antenna feeder line online monitoring terminal can control the antenna test equipment to test the antenna feeder line. The test data is transmitted to the monitoring terminal for statistical analysis. The antenna test equipment can test the voltage standing wave ratio, reflection coefficient, return loss and other parameters of the antenna feeder line system.

[0041] (2) Cable fault point location: During the inspection and maintenance of the antenna feeder system, the antenna feeder cable often has loose joints, aging of the dielectric, or physical damage. These faults manifest as poor performance or even failure of the antenna system. At this time, it is necessary to measure the fault point of the antenna feeder to determine and repair the fault point of the cable. The fault point location technology uses the frequency domain measurement function of the antenna test equipment to convert the reflection parameters of the antenna system into the time domain, and obtain the information curve of the reflection parameters relative to the cable length, based on which the location and type of the fault point can be determined; the test data curve of the cable is stored and compared regularly, and the performance change trend of the tested cable can also be obtained, which is convenient for early maintenance and troubleshooting of the antenna system.

[0042] (3) Online measurement of single-port feeder insertion loss: Online measurement of single-port feeder insertion loss can be performed to understand the changes in antenna performance based on the antenna feeder cable loss and judge the antenna performance based on the data.

[0043] (4) Online measurement of antenna reception spectrum: It can realize online spectrum analysis of antenna reception signals. It can measure the spectrum of antenna reception signals, understand the changes in antenna performance, and judge the antenna performance and the impact of the electromagnetic environment of the antenna position based on the data.

[0044] (5) Storage, query and comparative analysis of antenna working status: The antenna performance analysis module can transmit the measurement data to the computer in real time to store and query the antenna working status, and can also perform detailed analysis and processing of antenna performance and automatically generate antenna working status reports. The antenna performance analysis module can store the long-term measurement data of the same antenna feeder system in the database for historical maintenance, and judge the working status of the antenna system through slight changes in antenna performance parameters, so that timely maintenance and repair can be carried out, and various losses caused by system crashes can be avoided.

[0045] (6) Intelligent diagnosis of antenna faults: After each pair of antennas is installed, the standing wave curve of the antenna is determined, which is generally called the antenna characteristic curve. The change of the characteristic curve can reflect the change of the antenna state. Common antenna faults include cable open circuit, short circuit, poor contact, absorption resistor damage, dipole line disconnection, impedance converter damage and other faults. When these fault phenomena occur, the signal spectrum and standing wave ratio of the test are different, which requires long-term antenna test data accumulation and experience for comprehensive judgment. The antenna feed line online monitoring terminal uses a remote antenna performance analysis module for analysis and calculation, eliminating the complex and arduous work of disconnecting cables and on-site testing on the battlefield. In addition, some new technologies and methods such as artificial intelligence, data mining, and data fusion can accumulate test data, perform historical maintenance and protection of antennas, and realize online monitoring, fault alarm and diagnosis of antenna performance.

[0046] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A receiving antenna online monitoring system, characterized in that: It includes a signal switching device, an antenna testing device for testing the antenna, and an antenna feed line online monitoring terminal. The signal switching device is used to connect to the antenna feed line to be tested to switch and control the test signal and the external receiving signal. The antenna feed line online monitoring terminal is used to control the signal switching device and the antenna testing device and collect data information on the working status of the antenna feed line for processing.

2. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna testing device comprises a test signal source, a frequency domain reflectometer circuit, a signal detection circuit and a control circuit. The control end of the test signal source is connected to the control circuit, and the output end thereof is connected to the signal input end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit. The test signal input end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit is used to be connected to the antenna feed line to be tested through a signal switching device. The reference signal output end and the reflected signal output end of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit are both connected to the input end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and the output end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit is connected to the control circuit.

3. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency domain reflectometer circuit adopts a dual directional coupler.

4. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The control circuit at least includes an A / D converter and a microprocessor. The input end of the A / D converter is connected to the output end of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and the output end of the A / D converter is connected to the microprocessor.

5. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna testing device also includes a filtering circuit, which is used for being serially connected between the testing signal source and the signal input end of the dual directional coupler.

6. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna testing device further includes a calibration circuit connected to the control circuit.

7. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antenna testing device further includes a storage unit and a communication unit connected to the control circuit.

8. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test signal source is a swept frequency signal source.

9. The receiving antenna online monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal switching device is a high-performance radio frequency switch.

Images