Water-jet guided laser nozzle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water-jet guided laser processing, in particular to a water-jet guided laser nozzle, which comprises an optical module adapter flange, a first end of which is used for being connected to an optical module; the nozzle kit comprises a water path and light path structure, the second end of the nozzle kit is an outlet of the water path and light path structure, the axis direction of the outlet of the water path and light path is defined as a first direction, and the radial direction is defined as a second direction. The nozzle has the capability of being quickly disassembled and assembled and has high-precision axial and radial positioning, so that after different operators replace the nozzle under different operation habits, the position repetition precision of the nozzle is high; after self-suction positioning of the nozzle is replaced, a locking structure is provided, and the reliability of the nozzle structure is prevented from being affected by high-acceleration movement in the machining process; the operation is simple, and the nozzle can be quickly replaced without professional skills.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water-guided laser processing, in particular to a water-guided laser nozzle. Background Art

[0002] Water-guided laser processing technology is a new type of precision processing technology that is clean, efficient and non-destructive. The "precision" is mainly determined by precision machine tools, precision light-water coupling design, high-precision nozzles, stable laser water beams and other conditions. However, the high-precision nozzle determines the diameter of the "tool" for water-guided laser processing. For example, the nozzle specifications are 30μm, 50μm, 60μm, 80μm, etc. Users can choose different nozzles according to processing efficiency and process.

[0003] Since the water jet nozzle is continuously flushed by high-pressure water and impacted by scattered laser on the top and side walls, the working conditions are very harsh. When the tip of the nozzle becomes blunt due to fatigue wear, the roundness is lost, and the nozzle reaches the damage threshold of the material, the "water optical fiber" will be broken, the effective laser water beam will be shortened, and the laser energy in the water will decrease. Therefore, the water-guided laser nozzle is a consumable component.

[0004] The installation position of the nozzle is crucial in the design of water-guided laser light-water coupling parameters. An optimal light-water coupling setting is a balance between the comprehensive protection of the lens life, the nozzle life, and the stability of the laser coupling into water. It can also be said to be a mutual balance between the coupling factor and the focusing point, so that the nozzle is optimally protected.

[0005] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the water jet nozzle kit generally includes a water jet coupler chamber, a protective lens 01, a sapphire nozzle 02, an auxiliary gas chamber, a sealing element, etc. The laser beam 03 is focused on a predetermined area of ​​the sapphire nozzle 02 through an optical module, for example Figure 1 The central position of the sapphire nozzle 02 is the laser focus 05 , and the high-pressure water layer 04 flows downward from the sapphire nozzle 02 through the laser focus 05 to form a laser water beam 06 .

[0006] It should be understood that the protective lens 01 and the sapphire nozzle 02 are usually arranged in two detachable structures, for example, the protective lens 01 is connected to the optical module, and the sapphire nozzle 02 is arranged in the laser nozzle structure. At present, the laser nozzle and the optical module are mostly connected by screw fastening, snap fastening, clamping, etc., and there are problems such as assembly error or poor assembly consistency caused by replacing the nozzle, which will cause the position relationship between the laser focus 05 and the sapphire nozzle 02 to change. The redundancy of this installation error is generally only a dozen microns, so the repeatability error of the position after the nozzle is replaced will greatly affect the life of the nozzle. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the technical problems existing in the water-guided laser nozzle in the prior art, the first aspect of the utility model proposes a technical solution, a water-guided laser nozzle, comprising:

[0008] An optical module adapter flange, a first end of which is used to connect to the optical module;

[0009] A nozzle kit comprising a waterway and an optical path structure, wherein the second end of the nozzle kit is an outlet of the waterway and the optical path structure, and the axial direction of the outlet of the waterway and the optical path is defined as a first direction, and the radial direction is defined as a second direction;

[0010] A positioning component, comprising a first fastener and a second fastener, wherein the first fastener is assembled at a predetermined position of the optical module adapter flange, and the second fastener is assembled at a predetermined position of the nozzle kit;

[0011] Wherein, the first fastener and the second fastener are configured so that, when the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit are matched and connected, the connection interaction force between the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit is at a predetermined value along the first direction, and the connection interaction force between the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit is greater than the gravity of the nozzle kit.

[0012] Preferably, the first fastener and the second fastener apply the interaction force in a non-contact manner.

[0013] Preferably, the first fastener and the second fastener include magnetic components, and the magnetic poles of the opposite ends of the first fastener and the second fastener are opposite, so that the first fastener and the second fastener attract each other.

[0014] Preferably, the first fastener and the second fastener include a cylindrical magnet, the optical module adapter flange is provided with a first cylindrical hole for accommodating the cylindrical magnet, the nozzle kit is provided with a second cylindrical hole for accommodating the cylindrical magnet, and the cylindrical magnet is fixed in the second cylindrical hole by a limit member, so that the spacing between the two cylindrical magnets arranged in the first direction and attracting each other in the first cylindrical hole and the second cylindrical hole along the first direction is fixed.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between the two cylindrical magnets arranged along the first direction and attracting each other in the first cylindrical hole and the second cylindrical hole along the first direction is 0.6 mm.

[0016] Preferably, a through hole having a diameter smaller than that of the cylindrical magnet is provided at the bottom of the first cylindrical hole and the second cylindrical hole.

[0017] Preferably, the second end of the optical module adapter flange is provided with a hole structure, the first end of the nozzle kit is provided with an axis structure that cooperates with the hole structure, the first end of the nozzle kit is used to be connected to the second end of the optical module adapter flange, and the axis structure is inserted into the hole structure to constrain the relative position of the nozzle kit with respect to the optical module adapter flange in the second direction.

[0018] Preferably, the optical module adapter flange includes a non-closed annular hoop structure, the inner edge of the annular hoop structure forms the hole structure, and the annular hoop structure includes a relaxed state and a pre-tightened state. When the annular hoop structure is in the relaxed state, the shaft structure can extend into the hole structure, so that the nozzle kit is positioned relative to the optical module adapter flange along the second direction. When the annular hoop structure is tightened from the relaxed state to the pre-tightened state, the nozzle kit is positioned relative to the optical module adapter flange along the first direction and the second direction.

[0019] Preferably, the annular hoop structure includes an easily deformable area, and the first free end and the second free end of the annular hoop structure are tightened by a third fastener, so that the easily deformable area of ​​the annular hoop structure is deformed and tightened from a relaxed state to a pre-tightened state.

[0020] Preferably, the third fastener comprises a bolt, and the bolt is threadedly connected to the first free end and the second free end, and the first free end and the second free end of the annular hoop structure are moved closer to or farther away from each other by rotating the bolt.

[0021] The second aspect of the utility model provides a technical solution, a method for replacing a water-guided laser nozzle, using the water-guided laser nozzle, when removing the nozzle kit, first release the connection of the third fastener to the nozzle kit, and only maintain the connection between the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit by the first fastener and the second fastener, at this time, the connection force between the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit is F1, and a force F2 greater than F1 is applied to the nozzle kit to remove the nozzle kit;

[0022] When installing the nozzle kit, align the first end of the nozzle kit with the second end of the optical module adapter flange, and maintain the connection between the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit through the first fastener and the second fastener. At this time, the connection force between the optical module adapter flange and the nozzle kit is F3, and then the third fastener is used to tighten the nozzle kit to complete the replacement of the nozzle kit;

[0023] Among them, F3=F1.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are:

[0025] 1. The nozzle has the ability to be quickly disassembled and installed, and has high-precision axial and radial positioning. After the nozzle is replaced under different operating habits of different operators, the nozzle position repeatability is high;

[0026] 2. After the nozzle is replaced and self-priming and positioning is performed, it has a locking structure to prevent high acceleration movement during processing from affecting the reliability of the nozzle structure;

[0027] 3. Easy to operate, the nozzle can be quickly replaced without professional skills. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in various figures may be represented by the same reference numeral. For the sake of clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Now, embodiments of various aspects of the utility model will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the laser focus position in the water-guided laser nozzle shown in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the water-guided laser nozzle shown in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the optical module adapter flange shown in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the first fastener and the second fastener shown in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034]

A water-guided laser nozzle

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the first aspect of the utility model proposes a technical solution, a water-guided laser nozzle, including an optical module adapter flange 10, a nozzle kit 20 and a positioning component. The nozzle kit 20 includes a waterway and an optical path structure, and optionally, the waterway and optical path structure includes a water jet coupler chamber, a sapphire nozzle 02, an auxiliary gas chamber, a sealing element, etc. The laser beam 03 is focused on a predetermined area of ​​the sapphire nozzle 02 through the optical module, for example Figure 1 The central position of the sapphire nozzle 02 is the laser focus 05 , and the high-pressure water layer 04 flows downward from the sapphire nozzle 02 through the laser focus 05 to form a laser water beam 06 .

[0036] It should be understood that the protective lens 01 and the sapphire nozzle 02 are usually arranged in two detachable structures, for example, the protective lens 01 is connected to the optical module, and the sapphire nozzle 02 is arranged in the laser nozzle structure. At present, the laser nozzle and the optical module are mostly connected by screw fastening, snap fastening, clamping, etc. Taking the screw connection as an example, each time the screw is assembled, the number of turns of the screw is different, which will cause the connection force between the two structures to change, and the position of the laser focus 05 will also change accordingly, which is undesirable.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the first end of the optical module adapter flange 10 is used to connect to the optical module, a protective lens 01 is provided in the optical module adapter flange 10, and a hole structure 101 is provided at the second end of the optical module adapter flange 10. The hole structure 101 of the optical module adapter flange 10 is used to achieve radial pre-positioning when assembled with the nozzle kit 20.

[0038] Furthermore, the second end of the nozzle kit 20 is the outlet of the waterway and optical path structure, and the axial direction of the waterway and optical path outlet is defined as the first direction, and the radial direction is defined as the second direction. The first end of the nozzle kit 20 is provided with an axis structure 21 that cooperates with the hole structure 101. The first end of the nozzle kit 20 is used to connect to the second end of the optical module adapter flange 10, and the axis structure 21 is inserted into the hole structure 101 to constrain the relative position of the nozzle kit 20 relative to the optical module adapter flange 10 in the second direction.

[0039] Optionally, the nozzle kit 20 is provided with quick-disconnect connectors for high-pressure water and auxiliary gas.

[0040] In this way, by cooperating between the shaft structure 21 of the nozzle kit 20 and the hole structure 101 of the optical module adapter flange 10 , pre-positioning can be achieved when installing the nozzle kit 20 without generating additional force on the axial connection between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 .

[0041] Furthermore, the positioning component includes a first fastener 31 and a second fastener 32 , the first fastener 31 is assembled at a predetermined position of the optical module adapter flange 10 , and the second fastener 32 is assembled at a predetermined position of the nozzle assembly 20 .

[0042] Among them, the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 are configured so that when the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 are matched and connected, along the first direction, the connection interaction force between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 is at a predetermined value, and the connection interaction force between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 is greater than the gravity of the nozzle kit 20.

[0043] In this way, the connection between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 is achieved by the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32, which can ensure that the interaction force of the connection is a constant value after each disassembly. Therefore, after repeated replacement of the nozzle kit 20, it can be ensured that the position of the laser focus 05 is always in the predetermined position and does not change, thereby ensuring the mutual balance between the coupling factor and the focusing point.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the optical module adapter flange 10 includes a non-closed annular hoop structure, the inner edge of the annular hoop structure forms a hole structure 101, and the annular hoop structure includes a relaxed state and a pre-tightened state. When the annular hoop structure is in the relaxed state, the shaft structure 21 can extend into the hole structure 101, so that the nozzle kit 20 is positioned relative to the optical module adapter flange 10 along the second direction. When the annular hoop structure is tightened from the relaxed state to the pre-tightened state, the nozzle kit 20 is positioned relative to the optical module adapter flange 10 along the first direction and the second direction.

[0045] Specifically, the cylindricity of the hole structure 101 is less than 0.03 mm, and the size of the hole structure 101 is a positive deviation, and the cylindricity of the shaft structure 21 is less than 0.03 mm, and the size of the hole structure 101 is a negative deviation.

[0046] In this way, by inserting the shaft structure 21 into the hole structure 101, the radial positioning of the nozzle kit 20 to the optical module adapter flange 10 can be achieved, so that the nozzle kit 20 will not shake relative to the optical module adapter flange 10, and the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 can be accurately aligned.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the annular hoop structure includes an easily deformed area 11, and the first free end 12 and the second free end 13 of the annular hoop structure are tightened by a third fastener 40, so that the easily deformed area 11 of the annular hoop structure is deformed and tightened from a relaxed state to a pre-tightened state.

[0048] It should be understood that when the third fastener 40 brings the first free end 12 and the second free end 13 of the annular clamp structure closer to each other, the diameter of the hole structure 101 can be reduced, so that the hole structure 101 can tightly embrace the outer wall of the shaft structure 21, thereby realizing a tight connection between the nozzle kit 20 and the optical module adapter flange 10, and this connection will not cause a change in the axial connection force, so that the axial connection force between the nozzle kit 20 and the optical module adapter flange 10 is still the connection force between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the third fastener 40 includes a bolt, which is threadedly connected to the first free end 12 and the second free end 13, so that the first free end 12 and the second free end 13 of the annular hoop structure are moved closer to or farther away from each other by rotating the bolt.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 apply the interaction force in a non-contact manner, so as to avoid the interaction force between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 being difficult to control due to mutual contact.

[0051] Optionally, the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 include magnetic components, and the magnetic poles of the opposite ends of the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 are opposite, so that the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 attract each other.

[0052] In this way, non-contact interaction is achieved by using the interacting magnetic attraction as the interaction force between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32, and when the distance between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 is fixed, or a small range (millimeter range) movement occurs, it will not cause a significant impact on the magnetic attraction between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32.

[0053] Furthermore, the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 include a cylindrical magnet, the optical module adapter flange 10 is provided with a first cylindrical hole 102 for accommodating the cylindrical magnet, the nozzle kit 20 is provided with a second cylindrical hole 201 for accommodating the cylindrical magnet, and the cylindrical magnet is fixed in the second cylindrical hole 201 by a limiter 22, so that the distance between the two cylindrical magnets arranged along the first direction and attracting each other in the first cylindrical hole 102 and the second cylindrical hole 201 is fixed along the first direction.

[0054] The surface of the cylindrical magnet is nickel-plated, and the single attraction force is greater than 1.5N. Four cylindrical magnets are respectively arranged on the nozzle kit 20 and the optical module adapter flange 10. The total attraction force of the four cylindrical magnets is greater than 3 times the gravity of the nozzle kit 20.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, when the nozzle kit 20 and the optical module adapter flange 10 are matched together, the first fastener 31 is at the bottom of the first cylindrical hole 102, and the second fastener 32 is fixed by the limiter 22 and is at the top of the second cylindrical hole 201. The relative position between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 is fixed, and therefore, the mutual attraction between the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32 is fixed.

[0056] Specifically, the limiting member 22 is a screw. When the screw is tightened, the second fastener 32 is in a fixed position in the second cylindrical hole 201, especially when the second fastener 32 is pressed against the top of the second cylindrical hole 201 by the screw, the upper end surface of the second fastener 32 is in contact with the top wall of the second cylindrical hole 201.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the spacing between the two cylindrical magnets arranged along the first direction and attracting each other in the first cylindrical hole 102 and the second cylindrical hole 201 is 0.6 mm along the first direction. That is, the wall thickness between the first cylindrical hole 102 and the lower end surface of the optical module adapter flange 10 is 0.3 mm, and the wall thickness between the second cylindrical hole 201 and the upper end surface of the nozzle assembly 20 is 0.3 mm.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, a through hole having a diameter smaller than that of the cylindrical magnet is provided at the bottom of the first cylindrical hole 102 and the second cylindrical hole 201 .

[0059] In this way, the through hole can be used for the magnetic field to pass through without causing the cylindrical magnet to fall out.

[0060] [Water-guided laser nozzle replacement method]

[0061] The second aspect of the utility model provides a technical solution, a water-guided laser nozzle replacement method, using the above-mentioned water-guided laser nozzle, when removing the nozzle kit 20, first release the connection between the third fastener 40 and the nozzle kit 20, and only maintain the connection between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 through the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32, at this time, the connection force between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 is F1, and a force F2 greater than F1 is applied to the nozzle kit 20 to remove the nozzle kit 20;

[0062] When installing the nozzle kit 20, align the first end of the nozzle kit 20 with the second end of the optical module adapter flange 10, and maintain the connection between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 through the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32. At this time, the connection force between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 is F3, and then the third fastener 40 is used to tighten the nozzle kit 20 to complete the replacement of the nozzle kit 20;

[0063] Among them, F3=F1.

[0064] It is understandable that each time the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 are disassembled and reinstalled, the connecting force F3 between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 is always equal to the connecting force F1 between the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 in the initial state, which is a prerequisite for ensuring the repeatable positioning accuracy.

[0065] In this way, a first cylindrical magnet is provided on the optical module adapter flange 10, and a second cylindrical magnet is provided on the nozzle kit 20. When the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20 are matched with each other, the mutual attraction between the first cylindrical magnet and the second cylindrical magnet serves as the interaction force connecting the optical module adapter flange 10 and the nozzle kit 20. During repeated disassembly, the interaction force between the first cylindrical magnet and the second cylindrical magnet remains unchanged. Therefore, after each installation, the connection force between the nozzle kit and the adapter flange of the optical module is the same, thereby ensuring repeated positioning accuracy.

[0066] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A water-guided laser nozzle, characterized in that: include: An optical module adapter flange (10), a first end of which is used to connect to the optical module; A nozzle kit (20) comprising a waterway and light path structure, wherein the second end of the nozzle kit (20) is an outlet of the waterway and light path structure, and the axial direction of the waterway and light path outlet is defined as a first direction, and the radial direction is defined as a second direction; A positioning component, comprising a first fastener (31) and a second fastener (32), wherein the first fastener (31) is assembled at a predetermined position of the optical module adapter flange (10), and the second fastener (32) is assembled at a predetermined position of the nozzle kit (20); The first fastener (31) and the second fastener (32) are configured such that, when the optical module adapter flange (10) and the nozzle kit (20) are aligned and connected, along a first direction, the connection interaction force between the optical module adapter flange (10) and the nozzle kit (20) is at a predetermined value, and the connection interaction force between the optical module adapter flange (10) and the nozzle kit (20) is greater than the gravity of the nozzle kit (20).

2. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fastener (31) and the second fastener (32) apply interaction force in a non-contact manner.

3. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fastener (31) and the second fastener (32) comprise magnetic components, and the magnetic poles of the opposite ends of the first fastener (31) and the second fastener (32) are opposite, so that the first fastener (31) and the second fastener (32) attract each other.

4. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fastener (31) and the second fastener (32) include a columnar magnet, the optical module adapter flange (10) is provided with a first columnar hole (102) for accommodating the columnar magnet, the nozzle kit (20) is provided with a second columnar hole (201) for accommodating the columnar magnet, the columnar magnet is fixed in the second columnar hole (201) by a stopper (22), so that the spacing between the two columnar magnets arranged in the first direction and attracting each other in the first columnar hole (102) and the second columnar hole (201) along the first direction is fixed.

5. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the two columnar magnets arranged along the first direction and attracting each other in the first columnar hole (102) and the second columnar hole (201) along the first direction is 0.6 mm.

6. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottoms of the first columnar hole (102) and the second columnar hole (201) are provided with through holes with a diameter smaller than that of the columnar magnet.

7. The water-guided laser nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The second end of the optical module adapter flange is provided with a hole structure (101), the first end of the nozzle kit (20) is provided with an axis structure (21) that cooperates with the hole structure (101), the first end of the nozzle kit (20) is used to be connected to the second end of the optical module adapter flange (10), and the axis structure (21) is inserted into the hole structure (101) to constrain the relative position of the nozzle kit (20) relative to the optical module adapter flange (10) in the second direction.

8. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The optical module adapter flange (10) comprises a non-closed annular hoop structure, the inner edge of the annular hoop structure forms the hole structure (101), and the annular hoop structure comprises a relaxed state and a pre-tightened state. When the annular hoop structure is in the relaxed state, the shaft structure (21) can extend into the hole structure (101), so that the nozzle kit (20) is positioned relative to the optical module adapter flange (10) along the second direction. When the annular hoop structure is tightened from the relaxed state to the pre-tightened state, the nozzle kit (20) is positioned relative to the optical module adapter flange (10) along the first direction and the second direction.

9. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The annular hoop structure comprises an easily deformable region (11), and the first free end (12) and the second free end (13) of the annular hoop structure are tightened by a third fastener (40), so that the easily deformable region (11) of the annular hoop structure is deformed and tightened from a relaxed state to a pre-tightened state.

10. The water-guided laser nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third fastener (40) comprises a bolt, which is threadedly connected to the first free end (12) and the second free end (13). By rotating the bolt, the first free end (12) and the second free end (13) of the annular hoop structure are moved closer to or farther away from each other.

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