Upright carbonization furnace with adjustable volume
The vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume addresses mechanical equipment constraints by altering the coke discharge direction and gas distribution, enhancing production capacity to one million tons per year with improved efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420234693.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-31
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing vertical carbonization furnaces have limited production capacity due to mechanical equipment constraints, specifically the coke discharge system, which restricts the expansion and scalability of lignite production equipment.
A vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume that changes the parallel connection mode and coke discharge direction, allowing the coke discharge system to be arranged parallel to the discharge port, combined with a secondary uniform gas distribution system to ensure uniform air intake and distribution, thereby increasing production capacity to one million tons per year.
The solution enables the furnace to overcome mechanical limitations, allowing for infinite expansion in the parallel direction, ensuring uniform gas distribution and dry distillation, thus significantly increasing production capacity while reducing equipment investment and improving thermal efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222205118U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal dry distillation, in particular to a vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume. Background Art
[0002] At present, low-rank coal pyrolysis in my country mostly adopts vertical carbonization furnace technology. This furnace type has a large cavity structure. Due to the uneven airflow distribution, the length and width of a single carbonization chamber are maintained at about 4 meters. In addition, due to the limitation of the coke discharge method, the parallel connection of carbonization chambers can only be expanded along the length of the coke discharge port.
[0003] The publication number CN111748361B discloses a vertical carbonization furnace for gas coal coking. The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and specifically is a vertical carbonization furnace for gas coal coking, comprising a furnace body, a feeding port is provided at the top of the furnace body, a carbonization chamber is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom inner surface wall of the furnace body, the carbonization chamber is connected to a combustion chamber arranged on one side of the horizontal end of the furnace body through an exhaust pipe, a discharge plate is rotatably connected to the bottom inner surface wall of the furnace body through a rotating shaft, a preheating box is embedded between the horizontal inner surface walls of the furnace body and located at the top of the carbonization chamber, and a plurality of heat conducting pipes are welded on the bottom inner surface wall of the water tank; the present invention can utilize the heat inside the carbonization chamber to heat the water tank through the arrangement of the connecting pipe, and through the arrangement of the water tank, the heat inside the carbonization chamber can be more evenly transferred to the preheating box, so that the drying effect of the gas coal is better, and through the arrangement of the heat conducting pipe, the heat can be transferred to the preheating box more quickly.
[0004] When multiple carbonization chambers are connected in parallel, the mechanical strength of the bottom scraper and coke pusher cannot meet the requirements, limiting the production capacity of a single furnace. At present, the maximum annual production capacity of this type of furnace can reach 250,000 tons. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the problem of low existing single-furnace production capacity, which restricts the scale and large-scale production of lignite production equipment, the utility model provides a vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume. Without changing the original process principle and production method, the utility model solves the problem of mechanical equipment capacity limitation by changing the parallel connection mode and coking mode of the single-hole lignite furnace, and can increase the single-furnace production capacity to one million tons per year.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0007] A volume-adjustable upright carbonization furnace comprises a blue charcoal furnace body, a furnace top coal feeding system, a branch pipe mixer, a furnace top gas collecting device and a coke discharging system, wherein the upper end of the blue charcoal furnace body is connected to the furnace top coal feeding system via the furnace top gas collecting device, the branch pipe mixer is arranged at one side of the lower part of the blue charcoal furnace body, a material guiding device is arranged at the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body, the coke discharging system is arranged at one side of the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body and is connected to the material guiding device; a coke collecting bin is arranged at the lower end of the material guiding device, and a furnace wall is arranged in the blue charcoal furnace body; a mixed gas channel is formed in the middle and lower part of the furnace wall, and the mixed gas channel is connected to the branch pipe mixer; a waste heat recovery system is arranged at the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body.
[0008] The coal feeding system on the furnace top includes a large furnace top bunker, an intermediate coal bunker and an auxiliary coal box. The lower end of the large furnace top bunker is connected to the intermediate coal bunker, and the lower end of the intermediate coal bunker is connected to the auxiliary coal box. Upper and lower coal feeding valves are arranged at the bottom of the large furnace top bunker.
[0009] The mixed air passage adopts a secondary uniform distribution structure.
[0010] The furnace top gas collecting device includes a bridge pipe, a gas collecting trough and a gas collecting hood. The gas collecting hood is connected to the gas collecting trough through the bridge pipe. The gas collecting trough is arranged on the outer wall of the blue charcoal furnace body. The gas collecting hood is located below the middle coal bunker. A bridge pipe explosion-proof cover is arranged on the top of the bridge pipe.
[0011] The furnace body of the blue charcoal furnace body is expanded side by side in the length direction 。
[0012] The coke discharge system comprises a coke pusher, a scraper, an upper coke discharge bin and a lower coke discharge bin. The coke pusher is arranged outside the blue coke furnace body, the scraper is connected to the upper coke discharge bin, a plurality of lower coke discharge bins are arranged at the lower end of the upper coke discharge bin, and the coke discharge ports of the upper coke discharge bin and the lower coke discharge bin are both provided with coke discharge plug valves; the upper coke discharge bin is connected to the lower coke discharge bin through the corresponding coke discharge plug valve.
[0013] The coke discharging lower bin is connected with a coke discharging belt below.
[0014] The material guiding device is connected to the coke pusher in the coke discharge system through a waste heat recovery system, and the material guiding device is located at the bottom of the waste heat recovery system.
[0015] The furnace wall comprises clay bricks, red bricks and refractory fiber felt. The clay bricks form the outer layer of the furnace wall, the red bricks form the outer layer of the furnace wall, a mixing air passage is formed between the outer layers of the furnace wall, and refractory fiber felt is provided at each middle expansion joint between the outer layers of the furnace wall.
[0016] The material guiding device comprises a main body and a triangular wall protrusion. A plurality of triangular wall protrusions are arranged in the main body, and the space between adjacent triangular wall protrusions is a material unloading position.
[0017] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0018] The utility model changes the coke discharge direction of the furnace bottom by setting a material guide device at the bottom of the waste heat recovery system, and realizes that the coke discharge system such as the coke pusher and scraper, which originally had to be perpendicular to the coke discharge port, can be arranged parallel to the coke discharge port, so that the coke discharge port of the vertical carbonization furnace can be infinitely expanded in the parallel direction, breaking the bottleneck that the output of the vertical carbonization furnace cannot be increased due to the mechanical capacity limitation of the coke pusher and scraper. Through the redistribution of the mixed gas channel in the utility model, it can ensure uniform air intake along the vertical direction of the coke discharge port, combined with the uniform air collection function of the gas collecting hood on the top of the furnace, it can ensure uniform gas distribution and dry distillation in the furnace, and increase the output.
[0019] The utility model has mature technology, simple principle and high reliability. In the actual production process, the utility model changes the parallel connection mode of the furnace body, so that the expansion of the furnace body is no longer limited by the capacity of the coke pusher and scraper equipment, so that the production capacity of a single furnace can reach one million tons per year. The application of the utility model increases the production capacity of a single furnace, reduces equipment investment and improves the thermal efficiency of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] Figure 1 It is the elevation layout drawing of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 This is the layout diagram of the carbonization furnace body.
[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction of the mixed airway.
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the material guiding device.
[0025] In the figure, the reference numerals are: 1. Large silo on the furnace top; 2. Upper and lower valves for adding coal; 3. Intermediate coal silo; 4. Auxiliary coal box; 5. Bridge pipe explosion-proof cover; 6. Bridge pipe; 7. Gas collecting trough; 8. Gas collecting hood; 9. Carbonization furnace body; 10. Mixing gas duct; 11. Branch pipe mixer; 12. Waste heat recovery system; 13. Coke pusher; 14. Coke collecting bin; 15. Scraper; 16. Coke discharge upper bin; 17. Coke discharge plug valve; 18. Coke discharge lower bin; 19. Coke discharge belt; 20. Material guiding device; 21. Clay brick; 22. Refractory fiber felt; 23. Red brick. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0027] The accompanying drawings show various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the utility model. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.
[0028] Embodiment 1:
[0029] In order to overcome the problem of low production capacity of existing single furnaces, which restricts the large-scale production of blue carbon production equipment, the utility model provides Figure 1-4 The utility model shows a vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume. Without changing the original process principle and production method, the utility model solves the problem of mechanical equipment capacity limitation by changing the parallel mode and coke discharge mode of the single-hole blue charcoal furnace, and can increase the single-furnace production capacity to one million tons per year.
[0030] A volume-adjustable upright carbonization furnace comprises a blue charcoal furnace body 9, a furnace top coal feeding system, a branch pipe mixer 11, a furnace top gas collecting device and a coke discharge system, wherein the upper end of the blue charcoal furnace body 9 is connected to the furnace top coal feeding system through the furnace top gas collecting device, the branch pipe mixer 11 is arranged on one side of the lower part of the blue charcoal furnace body 9, a material guiding device 20 is arranged on the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body 9, and the coke discharge system is arranged on one side of the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body 9 and is connected to the material guiding device 20; a coke collecting bin 14 is arranged on the lower end of the material guiding device 20, and a furnace wall is arranged inside the blue charcoal furnace body 9; a mixed gas duct 10 is formed in the middle and lower part of the furnace wall, and the mixed gas duct 10 is connected to the branch pipe mixer 11; a waste heat recovery system is arranged on the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body.
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the raw coal passes through the coal feeding system on the top of the furnace, and is evenly distributed by the gas collecting device on the top of the furnace for multiple times and enters the blue charcoal furnace body 9. In the blue charcoal furnace body 9, it contacts with the high-temperature flue gas after the air-gas mixture enters the furnace through the branch pipe mixer 11 and is dry-distilled. After dry-distillation, the blue charcoal enters the waste heat recovery system 12 at the bottom of the furnace through the coke discharge port, and enters the coke discharge system perpendicular to the coke discharge port through the material guide device 20 under the waste heat recovery system 12, and is sent to the subsequent process section. The raw coal gas composed of the coal gas and flue gas generated by dry distillation is evenly collected by the gas collecting device on the top of the furnace and sent to the subsequent coal gas purification system.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model changes the coke discharge direction of the furnace bottom by arranging a material guide device 20 at the bottom of the waste heat recovery system 12, so that the coke discharge system such as the coke pusher and scraper, which originally had to be perpendicular to the coke discharge port, can be arranged parallel to the coke discharge port, so that the coke discharge port of the vertical carbonization furnace can be infinitely expanded in the parallel direction, breaking the bottleneck that the output of the vertical carbonization furnace cannot be increased due to the mechanical capacity limitations of the coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15. Through the redistribution effect of the mixed gas channel 10 in the utility model, uniform air intake along the vertical direction of the coke discharge port can be guaranteed, and combined with the uniform air collection function of the furnace top gas collecting hood 8, uniform gas distribution and dry distillation in the furnace can be guaranteed, thereby increasing the output.
[0033] In the present invention, the waste heat recovery system 12 is an existing mature technology, and will not be further described in the present invention. By expanding the capacity in this way, the annual output of the carbonization furnace can reach one million tons of blue carbon.
[0034] The utility model changes the parallel connection mode of the furnace body, so that the expansion of the furnace body is no longer limited by the capacity of the coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15, so that the production capacity of a single furnace can reach one million tons per year. The application of the utility model increases the production capacity of a single furnace, reduces equipment investment, and improves the thermal efficiency of the equipment.
[0035] Embodiment 2:
[0036] Based on Example 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the furnace top coal loading system includes a furnace top large bin 1, an intermediate coal bin 3 and an auxiliary coal box 4, the lower end of the furnace top large bin 1 is connected to the intermediate coal bin 3, and the lower end of the intermediate coal bin 3 is connected to the auxiliary coal box 4.
[0037] Preferably, upper and lower coal adding valves 2 are provided at the bottom of the furnace top bin 1.
[0038] In the utility model, the furnace top coal feeding system is a furnace top double-chamber double-gate feeding system, and there are two furnace top large bin 1, middle coal bin 3 and auxiliary coal box 4. Each furnace top large bin 1, middle coal bin 3 and auxiliary coal box 4 form an independent system. The two independent systems do not interfere with each other and are both arranged on the top of the blue charcoal furnace body 9.
[0039] In the utility model, there are two upper and lower valves 2 for adding coal, and the two valves are switched alternately to prevent air from being sucked into the blue charcoal furnace body 9 and the coal gas on the furnace top from escaping into the air.
[0040] Preferably, the mixing air passage 10 adopts a secondary uniform distribution structure.
[0041] In the present invention, the arrangement of the mixing air passage 10 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the uniform distribution of gas in the furnace is ensured when the furnace body is widened.
[0042] Preferably, the furnace top gas collecting device includes a bridge pipe 6, a gas collecting trough 7 and a gas collecting hood 8, the gas collecting hood 8 is connected to the gas collecting trough 7 through the bridge pipe 6, the gas collecting trough 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the lignite furnace body 9, and the gas collecting hood 8 is located below the middle coal bunker 3.
[0043] Preferably, a bridge pipe explosion-proof cover 5 is provided on the top of the bridge pipe 6 .
[0044] In the utility model, the bridge pipe explosion-proof cover 5 can be automatically restored.
[0045] Preferably, the coke discharge system includes a coke pusher 13, a scraper 15, an upper coke discharge bin 16 and a lower coke discharge bin 18, the coke pusher 13 is arranged outside the blue coke furnace body 9, the scraper 15 is connected to the upper coke discharge bin 16, a plurality of lower coke discharge bins 18 are arranged at the lower end of the upper coke discharge bin 16, and the coke discharge ports of the upper coke discharge bin 16 and the lower coke discharge bin 18 are both provided with coke discharge gate valves 17; the upper coke discharge bin 16 is connected to the lower coke discharge bin 18 through the corresponding coke discharge gate valves 17.
[0046] Preferably, the coke outlet lower bin 18 is connected to a coke outlet belt 19 below.
[0047] Preferably, the material guiding device 20 is connected to the coke pusher 13 in the coke removal system via the waste heat recovery system 12 , and the material guiding device 20 is located at the bottom of the waste heat recovery system 12 .
[0048] Preferably, the furnace wall includes clay bricks 21, red bricks 23 and refractory fiber felt 22, the clay bricks 21 form the outer layer of the furnace wall, the red bricks 23 form the outer layer of the furnace wall, a mixing gas duct 10 is formed between the outer layers of the furnace wall, and refractory fiber felt 22 is provided at each middle expansion joint between the outer layers of the furnace wall.
[0049] In the utility model, the arrangement method of the furnace wall is as follows Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the carbonization furnace body 9 is distributed with various coke discharge ports. The gas uniform distribution device in the carbonization furnace body 9 is a secondary distribution device, which can ensure that the gas is evenly distributed along the length direction of the coke discharge port.
[0050] In the utility model, Figure 3The direction of the arrow is the direction of the mixed gas flow. Figure 2 In Figure 2 The X direction is the vertical direction of the focus discharge port. Figure 2 The Y direction is the length direction of the focus discharge port.
[0051] Preferably, the furnace body of the blue charcoal furnace body 9 is expanded side by side in the length direction. 。
[0052] In the utility model, the parallel connection mode of the carbonization furnace body 9 is parallel connection along the vertical direction of the coke discharge port, which is not limited by the capacity of mechanical equipment. The parallel expansion mode of the furnace body is changed from the width direction of the coke discharge port to the length direction, getting rid of the influence of the original limitation of the capacity of mechanical equipment on the output of a single furnace. The output of the carbonization furnace provided by the utility model can reach one million tons.
[0053] Preferably, the material guiding device 20 comprises a main body and a triangular wall protrusion, a plurality of triangular wall protrusions are arranged in the main body, and the space between adjacent triangular wall protrusions is a material unloading position.
[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, in the utility model, the material guiding device 20 can convert the blue coke in the furnace from a parallel direction to a vertical direction with respect to the coke discharge port, so that the coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15 at the bottom of the furnace change their directions, thereby making the expansion of the furnace body not limited by the capacity of the mechanical equipment.
[0055] The original length of the material guide device 20 is 4000mm and the width is 590mm. The material can be discharged along the length direction. Now, due to the adjustment of the coke discharge direction, the coke discharge box is added with casting materials such as Figure 4 The large pediment shown is raised so that material can only be cut along three fixed places.
[0056] According to the original coke discharge direction, if the furnace is expanded, the coke pusher 13 and the furnace bottom scraper 15 need to be lengthened synchronously with the furnace direction. However, due to the requirements of mechanical strength and flatness, the lengthening of the scraper 15 and the coke pusher 13 is limited, and the furnace can only be about 27 meters long. If it is expanded in another direction, it is impossible to ensure uniform air intake. After the utility model changes the coke discharge direction, the scraper 15 and the coke pusher 13 are increased side by side with the same length, which does not involve the requirements of mechanical strength and flatness, and can be expanded infinitely in theory.
[0057] The utility model is provided with a material guide device 20, so that the coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15 can adjust the direction. The coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15 adjust the direction so that the furnace can expand in the vertical direction of the coke discharge box without being restricted by mechanical strength, etc. The mixed gas channel 10 is secondary distributed from below, so that the furnace can reach the length of the original two coke discharge boxes in the length direction of the coke discharge box, reducing the floor space of the furnace and making the mechanical equipment configuration more reasonable.
[0058] The working process of the utility model is:
[0059] The raw coal passes through the coal feeding system on the top of the furnace, and is evenly divided into the blue charcoal furnace body 9 by the gas collecting device on the top of the furnace for multiple times. In the blue charcoal furnace body 9, it contacts with the high-temperature flue gas after the air-gas mixture enters the furnace from the branch pipe mixer 11 and is dry-distilled. After dry distillation, the blue charcoal enters the waste heat recovery system 12 at the bottom of the furnace through the coke discharge port, and enters the coke discharge system perpendicular to the coke discharge port through the material guide device 20 under the waste heat recovery system 12, and is sent to the subsequent process section. The raw coal gas composed of the coal gas and flue gas generated by dry distillation is evenly collected by the gas collecting device on the top of the furnace and sent to the subsequent coal gas purification system. After dry distillation, the blue charcoal comes out of the material guide device 20, passes through the coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15, enters the upper coke discharge bin 16, and then enters the lower coke discharge bin 18 and is transported away by the coke discharge belt 19.
[0060] The utility model changes the coke discharge direction of the furnace bottom by setting a material guide device 20 at the bottom of the waste heat recovery system 12, and realizes that the coke discharge system such as the coke pusher and scraper, which originally must be perpendicular to the coke discharge port, can be arranged parallel to the coke discharge port, so that the coke discharge port of the vertical carbonization furnace can be infinitely expanded in the parallel direction, breaking the bottleneck that the output of the vertical carbonization furnace cannot be increased due to the mechanical capacity limitations of the coke pusher 13 and the scraper 15. Through the redistribution effect of the mixed gas channel 10 in the utility model, it can ensure uniform air intake along the vertical direction of the coke discharge port, combined with the uniform air collection function of the furnace top gas collecting hood 8, it can ensure uniform gas distribution and dry distillation in the furnace, and increase production.
[0061] The utility model solves the problem of mechanical equipment capacity limitation by changing the parallel connection mode and coke discharge mode of the single-hole blue charcoal furnace without changing the original process principle and production mode, and can increase the single-furnace production capacity to one million tons per year.
[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0063] It should also be understood that the terms used in the utility model specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the utility model. As used in the utility model specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.
[0064] The above examples are merely examples of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any design that is the same or similar to the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. The device structures and method steps that are not described in detail in the present invention are all prior art and will not be further described in the present invention.
Claims
1. A vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume, characterized in that: The invention comprises a blue charcoal furnace body (9), a furnace top coal feeding system, a branch pipe mixer (11), a furnace top gas collecting device and a coke discharge system. The upper end of the blue charcoal furnace body (9) is connected to the furnace top coal feeding system via the furnace top gas collecting device. The branch pipe mixer (11) is arranged on one side of the lower part of the blue charcoal furnace body (9). A material guide device (20) is arranged on the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body (9). The coke discharge system is arranged on one side of the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body (9) and is connected to the material guide device (20). A coke collecting bin (14) is arranged on the lower end of the material guide device (20). A furnace wall is arranged inside the blue charcoal furnace body (9). A mixed gas channel (10) is formed in the middle and lower part of the furnace wall. The mixed gas channel (10) is connected to the branch pipe mixer (11). A waste heat recovery system (12) is arranged on the lower end of the blue charcoal furnace body (9).
2. The vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace top coal feeding system comprises a furnace top large bin (1), an intermediate coal bin (3) and an auxiliary coal box (4); the lower end of the furnace top large bin (1) is connected to the intermediate coal bin (3), the lower end of the intermediate coal bin (3) is connected to the auxiliary coal box (4), and the bottom of the furnace top large bin (1) is provided with upper and lower coal feeding valves (2).
3. The vertical carbonization furnace with adjustable volume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing air passage (10) adopts a secondary uniform distribution structure.
4. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace top gas collecting device comprises a bridge pipe (6), a gas collecting trough (7) and a gas collecting hood (8); the gas collecting hood (8) is connected to the gas collecting trough (7) via the bridge pipe (6); the gas collecting trough (7) is arranged on the outer wall of the semi-coke furnace body (9); the gas collecting hood (8) is located below the middle coal bunker (3); and a bridge pipe explosion-proof cover (5) is arranged on the top of the bridge pipe (6).
5. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body of the blue charcoal furnace body (9) is expanded side by side in the length direction. 。 6. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coke discharge system comprises a coke pusher (13), a scraper (15), an upper coke discharge bin (16) and a lower coke discharge bin (18); the coke pusher (13) is arranged outside the blue coke furnace body (9); the scraper (15) is connected to the upper coke discharge bin (16); a plurality of lower coke discharge bins (18) are arranged at the lower end of the upper coke discharge bin (16); coke discharge ports of the upper coke discharge bin (16) and the lower coke discharge bin (18) are both provided with coke discharge plug valves (17); and the upper coke discharge bin (16) is connected to the lower coke discharge bin (18) via the corresponding coke discharge plug valves (17).
7. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coke outlet lower bin (18) is connected to a coke outlet belt (19) below.
8. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material guiding device (20) is connected to the coke pusher (13) in the coke removal system via the waste heat recovery system (12), and the material guiding device (20) is located at the bottom of the waste heat recovery system (12).
9. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace wall comprises clay bricks (21), red bricks (23) and refractory fiber felt (22), wherein the clay bricks (21) form the outer layer of the furnace wall, the red bricks (23) form the outer layer of the furnace wall, a mixing gas passage (10) is formed between the outer layers of the furnace wall, and refractory fiber felt (22) is provided at each middle expansion joint between the outer layers of the furnace wall.
10. The volume-adjustable vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material guiding device (20) comprises a main body and a triangular wall protrusion, a plurality of triangular wall protrusions are arranged in the main body, and the space between adjacent triangular wall protrusions is a material unloading position.