Pre-combustion chamber for fixed bed gasifier

Abstract

The utility model provides a precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasification furnace, which belongs to the technical field of gasification furnace equipment, the fixed bed gasification furnace is provided with a furnace chamber, the precombustion chamber comprises a shell, a main burner and an ignition burner, the main burner and the ignition burner are respectively arranged on the shell, the shell is provided with a shell cavity, and the main burner and the ignition burner are respectively communicated with the shell cavity. A pulverized coal pipe, an oxygen pipe and a waste liquid pipe are arranged on the main burner, pulverized coal, oxygen and waste liquid are added into the shell cavity through the pulverized coal pipe, the oxygen pipe and the waste liquid pipe respectively, an igniter, a fuel pipe and an air inlet pipe are arranged on the ignition burner, and fuel and oxygen are introduced into the ignition burner through the fuel pipe and the air inlet pipe respectively. The pre-combustion chamber can replace a traditional oxygen lance, the temperature of a combustion area of a fixed bed cannot be greatly changed, the purpose of protecting a furnace chamber is achieved, the phenomenon of ablation of the furnace chamber is avoided, and therefore the purpose of maintaining synthesis gas stability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of gasifiers, and in particular relates to a precombustion chamber used in a fixed bed gasifier. Background Art

[0002] The fixed-bed gasifier is the oldest coal gasification equipment. It has the characteristics of mature technology, reliable equipment, flexible production operation, and high thermal efficiency of the coal conversion process. Modern coal gasification technology is advanced in many aspects such as raw materials and environmental protection.

[0003] Traditional fixed-bed gasifiers have an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace to provide oxidant for the fixed bed. However, flow fluctuations in the oxygen lance can cause problems such as overheating at the furnace outlet, drastic fluctuations in the composition of the synthesis gas, and drastic fluctuations in the pressure difference of the molten pool. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasification furnace, which can replace the traditional oxygen lance and will not cause a large change in the temperature of the fixed bed combustion zone, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the furnace cavity and avoiding ablation in the furnace cavity, thereby maintaining the stability of the synthesis gas.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the utility model is:

[0006] A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier, the fixed bed gasifier having a furnace cavity, the precombustion chamber comprising a shell and a main burner and an ignition burner respectively arranged on the shell, the shell having a shell cavity, the main burner and the ignition burner being respectively connected to the shell cavity, the main burner being provided with a pulverized coal pipe, an oxygen pipe and a waste liquid pipe, so as to respectively add pulverized coal, oxygen and waste liquid into the shell cavity through the pulverized coal pipe, the oxygen pipe and the waste liquid pipe, and the ignition burner being provided with an igniter, a fuel pipe and an air intake pipe, so as to respectively introduce fuel and oxygen into the ignition burner through the fuel pipe and the air intake pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the shell cavity comprises a cylindrical section and an eccentric cone section which are interconnected, the large-diameter end of the eccentric cone section is connected to one end of the cylindrical section, and the small-diameter end of the eccentric cone section forms a discharge port of the shell cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the main burner and the ignition burner are respectively connected to the other end of the cylindrical section.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle between the axis of the cylindrical section of the shell cavity and the axis of the furnace cavity is an acute angle.

[0010] Furthermore, the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell sleeved outside the inner shell, a water cooling cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe respectively connected to the water cooling cavity are provided on the shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the pre-combustion chamber also includes a temperature sensor extending into the shell cavity, and the temperature sensor is fixed on the outer surface of the inner shell.

[0012] Furthermore, a stud is provided on the outer surface of the inner shell, the stud has a center hole connecting the shell cavity and the water cooling cavity, the temperature sensor extends into the shell cavity through the center hole, and the temperature sensor is provided with a nut threadedly connected to the stud.

[0013] Furthermore, a mounting shell is provided on the outer shell, and the mounting shell has a mounting channel connected with the water cooling chamber, and the temperature sensor can be installed and removed through the mounting channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the pre-combustion chamber also includes a monitoring tube fixed on the outer shell, the monitoring tube is provided with a sensor for monitoring the pressure in the shell cavity, and the monitoring tube is also provided with a monitor for monitoring the combustion condition in the shell cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, a fire-resistant layer is provided on the inner wall surface of the inner shell, and the fire-resistant layer is fixed to the inner shell by slag nails.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0017] In the pre-combustion chamber equipment of the utility model, coal powder, oxygen and waste liquid are added to the main burner through the coal powder pipe, oxygen pipe and waste liquid pipe respectively, the coal powder, oxygen and waste liquid are added into the shell cavity, and the fuel and oxygen are introduced into the ignition burner through the fuel pipe and the air inlet pipe, and the fuel and oxygen in the ignition burner are ignited by using an igniter. The flame in the ignition burner ignites the pulverized coal and oxygen added to the shell cavity, and the reaction produces high-temperature flue gas as a fixed bed oxidant, which can provide sufficient heat source for the molten pool at the bottom of the fixed bed, ensure the stability of the molten pool liquid level, and realize continuous liquid slag discharge. The high-temperature flue gas is mainly composed of carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the oxygen concentration is controlled within 20%, so that the fluctuation of the flue gas flow rate will not cause a significant change in the temperature of the fixed bed combustion zone, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the furnace cavity and avoiding ablation in the furnace cavity, thereby maintaining the stability of the synthesis gas.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, the same reference numerals may describe similar parts in different views. The same reference numerals with letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar parts. The accompanying drawings generally illustrate various embodiments by way of example and not limitation, and together with the specification and claims, are used to illustrate the disclosed embodiments. When appropriate, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts. Such embodiments are illustrative and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present apparatus or method.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the pre-combustion chamber device of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the pre-combustion chamber device of the utility model embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring tube according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. outer shell; 2. inner shell; 3. refractory layer; 4. slag nails; 5. main burner; 6. ignition burner; 7. monitoring tube; 8. blocking lens; 9. sensor; 10. water inlet pipe; 11. monitor; 12. mounting shell; 13. temperature sensor; 14. water outlet pipe; 15. cylindrical section; 16. eccentric cone section; 17. discharge port; 51. pulverized coal pipe; 52. waste liquid pipe; 53. oxygen pipe; 61. igniter; 62. fuel pipe; 63. air intake pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] The present invention provides a pre-combustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier, wherein the fixed bed gasifier has a furnace cavity. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pre-combustion chamber includes a shell and a main burner 5 and an ignition burner 6 respectively arranged on the shell.

[0027] The shell has a shell cavity, and the main burner 5 and the ignition burner 6 are respectively connected to the shell cavity. The main burner 5 is provided with a pulverized coal pipe 51, an oxygen pipe 53 and a waste liquid pipe 52, and the ignition burner 6 is provided with an igniter 61, a fuel pipe 62 and an air intake pipe 63. The pulverized coal pipe 51, the oxygen pipe 53 and the waste liquid pipe 52 can be respectively fed into the inside of the main burner 5, and the fuel and oxygen can be respectively fed into the inside of the ignition burner 6 through the fuel pipe 62 and the air intake pipe 63. The igniter 61 is used to quickly ignite the fuel and oxygen in the ignition burner 6.

[0028] When in use, pulverized coal, oxygen and waste liquid are added to the main burner 5 through the pulverized coal pipe 51, the oxygen pipe 53 and the waste liquid pipe 52 respectively, and the pulverized coal, oxygen and waste liquid are allowed to enter the shell cavity of the shell 2, and then the fuel and oxygen are introduced into the ignition burner 6 through the fuel pipe 62 and the air inlet pipe 63, and the fuel and oxygen in the ignition burner 6 are ignited by the igniter 61, and the flame in the ignition burner 6 will ignite the pulverized coal and oxygen in the inner shell 2, and the reaction will produce high-temperature flue gas, which can burn the waste liquid in the inner shell 2 to produce water vapor and decompose the organic matter in the waste liquid at high temperature, and the waste liquid is decomposed by high-temperature combustion in the pre-combustion chamber to achieve harmless treatment of the waste liquid. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the inner shell 2 is mainly carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the oxygen concentration is controlled within 20%. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the reaction in the inner shell 2 is added to the fixed bed gasifier as an oxidant, which can replace the traditional oxygen gun to provide an oxidant and heat source for the fixed bed.

[0029] The flue gas flow fluctuations generated in the shell of the pre-combustion chamber of this embodiment will not cause a significant change in the temperature of the fixed bed combustion zone, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the furnace chamber and avoiding ablation in the furnace chamber, thereby maintaining the stability of the synthesis gas.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the shell cavity includes a cylindrical section 15 and an eccentric cone section 16 which are interconnected, wherein the large-diameter end of the eccentric cone section 16 is connected to one end of the cylindrical section 15, and the small-diameter end of the eccentric cone section 16 forms a discharge port 17 of the shell cavity. It can be understood that the shell cavity is connected to the furnace chamber of the fixed bed gasifier through the eccentric cone section 16.

[0031] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the discharge port 17 of the shell cavity has a structure fixedly connected to the fixed bed gasifier (not shown in the figure), and when the precombustion chamber is fixed on the fixed bed gasifier, the entire shell cavity is inclined. That is, assuming that the axis of the furnace cavity is perpendicular to the ground, the angle between the axis of the cylindrical section 15 in the shell cavity and the axis of the ground or the furnace cavity is an acute angle, which can ensure that the slag generated in the shell cavity can be discharged smoothly by gravity and airflow.

[0032] Preferably, the aspect ratio of the cylindrical section 15 of the shell cavity of this embodiment should be controlled between 1.5-3.0, the angle between the two opposite side walls of the eccentric cone section 16 of the shell cavity should be controlled between 30°-45°, and the combustion time of the pulverized coal in the shell cavity should be controlled to be more than 1s, so as to ensure that the pulverized coal can be fully and completely burned.

[0033] Furthermore, the main burner 5 and the ignition burner 6 of this embodiment are respectively connected to the other end (ie, the free end) of the cylindrical section 15, so as to facilitate feeding into the shell cavity.

[0034] In some embodiments, the housing includes an inner housing 2 and an outer housing 1 sleeved outside the inner housing 2. A water cooling cavity is formed between the outer housing 1 and the inner housing 2. The housing is provided with a water inlet channel 10 and a water outlet channel 14 respectively connected to the water cooling cavity, so that cooling water can be introduced into the water cooling cavity, and the outer surface of the inner housing 2 can be cooled and protected by the cooling water.

[0035] Preferably, the water inlet channel 10 of this embodiment is located below the outer shell 1, and the water outlet channel 14 is located above the outer shell 1. The upward flowing water can enable the bubbles generated by heat exchange to be discharged smoothly, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0036] Furthermore, the inner surface of the inner shell 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a refractory layer 3, and the refractory layer 3 is fixed to the inner shell 2 by slag nails 4. The inner shell 2 has a water-cooling cavity outside for cooling and a refractory layer 3 inside for heat insulation, which can provide good thermal protection and reduce its deformation.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber further includes a temperature sensor 13 extending into the shell cavity, and the temperature sensor 13 is fixed on the outer surface of the inner shell 2, so that the temperature of the inner shell 2 can be easily monitored.

[0038] The temperature sensor 13 of this embodiment is arranged above the shell cavity, so as to avoid ash covering the temperature sensor 13 when it is arranged at the bottom of the shell cavity, thereby affecting the normal detection of the temperature sensor 139.

[0039] In some embodiments, a stud (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer surface of the inner shell 2, and the stud has a central hole connecting the shell cavity and the water cooling cavity.

[0040] The temperature sensor 13 of this embodiment extends into the shell cavity through the center hole of the stud. A nut threadedly connected to the stud is provided on the temperature sensor 13. The temperature sensor 13 can be fixed to the inner shell 2 through the threaded connection between the nut and the bolt. This structure facilitates the installation of the temperature sensor 13.

[0041] It is easy to know that a sealing mechanism can be provided between the nut and the stud to prevent the cooling water in the water-cooling cavity from flowing into the shell cavity.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the portion of the outer shell 1 opposite to the temperature sensor 13 protrudes outward to form a mounting shell 12, and the mounting shell 12 has a mounting channel connected to the water cooling chamber. The operator can install and remove the temperature sensor 13 through the mounting channel, and the operation is simple.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber also includes a monitoring tube 7 fixed on the outer shell 1, the monitoring tube 7, the ignition burner 6 and the main burner 5 are located on the same side of the outer shell 1, the monitoring tube 7 is located above the main burner 5, and the ignition burner 6 is located below the main burner 5, and the monitoring tube 7 is provided with a sensor 9 for monitoring the pressure in the shell cavity.

[0044] A blocking lens 8 is provided in the monitoring tube 7, and a monitor 11 is installed on the monitoring tube 7. The monitor 11 is opposite to the blocking lens 8. The operator can monitor the combustion condition in the shell cavity through the cooperation of the monitor 11 and the blocking lens 8. In this way, the combustion condition of the flame in the pre-combustion chamber can be monitored, and the pressure in the shell cavity can be measured at the same time, and then the pressure fluctuation can be used to determine whether there is a blockage in the discharge port of the shell cavity. As for the specific structure of the monitor 11 and the blocking lens 8, they belong to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier, the fixed bed gasifier having a furnace cavity, characterized in that: The pre-combustion chamber includes a shell and a main burner and an ignition burner respectively arranged on the shell. The shell has a shell cavity. The main burner and the ignition burner are respectively connected to the shell cavity. The main burner is provided with a coal powder pipe, an oxygen pipe and a waste liquid pipe, so that coal powder, oxygen and waste liquid can be added into the shell cavity respectively through the coal powder pipe, oxygen pipe and waste liquid pipe. The ignition burner is provided with an igniter, a fuel pipe and an air intake pipe, so that fuel and oxygen can be introduced into the ignition burner respectively through the fuel pipe and the air intake pipe.

2. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell cavity comprises a cylindrical section and an eccentric cone section which are interconnected. The large-diameter end of the eccentric cone section is connected to one end of the cylindrical section, and the small-diameter end of the eccentric cone section forms a discharge port of the shell cavity.

3. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main burner and the ignition burner are respectively communicated with the other end of the cylindrical section.

4. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the cylindrical section of the shell cavity and the axis of the furnace cavity is an acute angle.

5. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell sleeved outside the inner shell, a water cooling cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe respectively connected to the water cooling cavity are arranged on the shell.

6. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The pre-combustion chamber further comprises a temperature sensor extending into the shell cavity, and the temperature sensor is fixed on the outer surface of the inner shell.

7. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stud is provided on the outer surface of the inner shell, and the stud has a central hole connecting the shell cavity and the water cooling cavity. The temperature sensor extends into the shell cavity through the central hole, and the temperature sensor is provided with a nut threadedly connected to the stud.

8. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The outer shell is provided with a mounting shell, and the mounting shell has a mounting channel communicated with the water cooling cavity, and the temperature sensor can be installed and removed through the mounting channel.

9. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The pre-combustion chamber further comprises a monitoring tube fixed on the outer shell, the monitoring tube is provided with a sensor for monitoring the pressure in the shell cavity, and the monitoring tube is also provided with a monitor for monitoring the combustion condition in the shell cavity.

10. A precombustion chamber for a fixed bed gasifier according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fire-resistant layer is provided on the inner wall surface of the inner shell, and the fire-resistant layer is fixed to the inner shell by slag nails.

Images