Split spherical hinge with large swing angle and small vertical deflection rigidity

Abstract

A split spherical hinge with a large swing angle and small vertical deflection rigidity comprises a V-shaped ball head, a ball core, an elastic layer and an outer sleeve, the inner side of the elastic layer and the ball core are vulcanized together, and the outer side of the elastic layer and the outer sleeve are vulcanized together. A cavity is dug in the V-shaped ball head, and the ball core, the elastic layer and the outer sleeve are pressed in the cavity of the V-shaped ball head together, so that the spherical hinge deforms more easily when being subjected to vertical deflection acting force, and the vertical deflection rigidity of the spherical hinge is reduced. The V-shaped ball head, the elastic layer and the outer sleeve are obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, so that the vertical deflection angle of the spherical hinge is increased. Therefore, the spherical hinge has a large vertical deflection angle and also has small vertical deflection rigidity and large radial rigidity and vertical rigidity at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a ball joint, in particular to a petal-type ball joint which can realize a large swing angle and a small vertical deflection stiffness. Background Art

[0002] The ball joint is a commonly used rubber-metal composite vibration reduction and connection element. It is a component that can transmit force and provide multi-directional buffering. Metal parts and rubber are vulcanized into a whole through adhesive at a certain temperature and pressure. Its function is to use the vulcanized rubber to reduce vibration and buffer, and the metal parts serve as support and installation interfaces. The existing ball joint has the following defects: different operating conditions have different requirements for the stiffness of the ball joint during the load-bearing process. In order to better meet the dynamic requirements and safety of the vehicle, the ball joint is required to have radial, axial and deflection stiffness that meet the load-bearing requirements of the operating conditions. However, the structure of the existing ball joint makes it difficult to adjust these three stiffnesses of the ball joint according to the load-bearing requirements of the operating conditions.

[0003] Through domestic search, it was found that the following patents have similarities with this utility model:

[0004] CN106032832A discloses a ball-jointed rubber elastic element, comprising a core shaft, a rubber sleeved outside the core shaft, and an outer sleeve sleeved outside the rubber, wherein the length of the outer sleeve is greater than the length of the rubber, and the length of the rubber gradually increases from the side connected to the outer sleeve to the side connected to the core shaft. In this scheme, the length of the rubber gradually increases from the side connected to the outer sleeve to the side connected to the core shaft, and when compressed, wrinkles will not be formed on the side of the rubber layer, but will be closely attached to the outer sleeve to reduce cracking and wrinkles of the rubber layer.

[0005] The patent number is "201711076322.4", and the patent name is "A method for improving the fatigue reliability of the axle box positioning node and an axle box positioning node". The invention patent application, the axle box positioning node includes a core shaft, a rubber layer, a petal jacket and an integral jacket, which can increase the free surface of the rubber layer on the basis of ensuring the adhesion between the rubber layer and the core shaft and the petal jacket, so as to timely and significantly release the internal stress of the rubber layer when the axle box positioning node is loaded, avoid the concentration of rubber stress and the occurrence of cracks, and extend the service life of the product.

[0006] The invention patent with the patent number of "201410138755.8" and the patent name of "A large curvature spherical multi-layer petal rubber metal joint" includes a metal jacket, a metal spacer, an elastic rubber body and a metal core shaft vulcanized together. The elastic rubber body is divided into multiple layers and petals by the metal spacer during the vulcanization process. The petal cutting positions of the metal jacket, the metal spacer and the elastic rubber body are kept consistent. The rubber metal joint has good durability, large radial and axial stiffness, small deflection and torsional stiffness, and can be widely used in the suspension field of rail vehicles.

[0007] Although the above patents are all ball joints composed of metal and elastic rubber, they do not provide how to improve the three stiffness characteristics of the ball joint according to the load-bearing requirements. Therefore, although some existing ball joints have good stiffness characteristics, it is difficult for the ball joints to achieve a large swing angle in a specific direction in terms of vertical deflection angle, especially there is a lack of ball joints with large swing angles and small vertical deflection stiffness. Utility Model Content

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to make the ball joint have a large vertical deflection angle, a small vertical deflection stiffness and large radial and axial stiffness.

[0009] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the utility model is: a split-petal ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness, the ball joint comprising a V-shaped ball head, a ball core, an elastic layer and a jacket, the inner side of the elastic layer is vulcanized together with the ball core, and the outer side of the elastic layer is vulcanized together with the jacket; a cavity is dug inside the V-shaped ball head, and the ball core, elastic layer and jacket are press-fitted together in the cavity of the V-shaped ball head.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic layer is provided with an inner rubber layer, a spacer and an outer rubber layer, the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are respectively vulcanized on both sides of the spacer; the inner side of the inner rubber layer is vulcanized together with the core, and the outer cover is vulcanized on the outer side of the outer rubber layer.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic layer and the outer sleeve have a circle of petal holes in the circumferential direction, thereby dividing the elastic layer and the outer sleeve into upper and lower petal structures; the petal holes penetrate the spacer, the outer rubber layer and the outer sleeve, so that the spacer, the outer rubber layer and the outer sleeve are separated from each other up and down.

[0012] Preferably, the opening size of the outer side of the petal hole is set to be larger than the opening size of the inner side of the petal hole, and the petal hole is a blind hole opened on the inner rubber layer.

[0013] Preferably, the outer shell is divided into an upper lobe outer shell and a lower lobe outer shell by the lobe holes, the thickness of the upper end of the upper lobe outer shell is greater than the thickness of the lower end, and the thickness of the upper end of the lower lobe outer shell is less than the thickness of the lower end.

[0014] Preferably, an annular groove is formed at the upper end of the inner side of the V-shaped ball head, and a retaining ring is installed in the inner annular groove.

[0015] Preferably, an annular groove is formed at the upper end of the outer side of the V-shaped ball head, and an end cover is installed in the annular groove on the outer side.

[0016] The beneficial technical effect of the utility model is: by embedding the ball core, elastic layer and outer jacket together into the cavity of the V-shaped ball head, and making the V-shaped ball head, elastic layer and outer jacket tilted relative to the horizontal plane, the vertical deflection angle of the ball joint is increased. And by vulcanizing the elastic layer between the ball core and the outer jacket, and setting the elastic layer and the outer jacket into an upper and lower petal structure, the ball core, elastic layer and outer jacket vulcanized into a whole are pressed together into the cavity of the V-shaped ball head to reduce the vertical deflection stiffness of the ball joint. The ball joint has a large vertical deflection angle, a small vertical deflection stiffness, and a large radial stiffness and vertical stiffness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the core, elastic layer and outer cover in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of a V-shaped ball head, a ball core and a jacket in Example 1;

[0019] In the figure: mounting seat 1, V-shaped ball head 2, retaining ring 3, end cover 4, bolt 5, ball core 6, mounting shaft hole 7, inner rubber layer 9, spacer 10, outer rubber layer 11, outer sleeve 12, petal hole 13, outer arc hole 14, inner arc hole 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings: Embodiment 1

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ball joint includes a V-shaped ball head 2, a ball core 6, an elastic layer and a jacket 12. A cylindrical cavity is dug in the V-shaped ball head 2. The ball core 6, the elastic layer and the jacket 12 are first vulcanized into a whole. Specifically, the elastic layer is vulcanized on the outside of the ball core 6, and the jacket 12 is vulcanized on the outside of the elastic layer. The elastic layer and the jacket 12 are arranged in an upper and lower petal structure, and the ball core 6, the elastic layer and the jacket 12 are pressed together into the cavity of the V-shaped ball head 2. In the elastic layer, an inner rubber layer 9, a spacer 10 and an outer rubber layer 11 are arranged. The inner rubber layer 9 and the outer rubber layer 11 are vulcanized on the spacer 10, and the inner side of the inner rubber layer 9 is vulcanized together with the ball core 6. The jacket 12 is vulcanized on the outside of the outer rubber layer 11, so that the ball core 6, the elastic layer and the jacket 12 can be installed together as a whole.

[0022] When the ball joint of this embodiment is installed on the mounting seat 1, a vertical mounting shaft hole 7 is opened in the ball core 6, the upper end of the mounting seat 1 is embedded in the vertical mounting shaft hole 7 of the ball core 6, and an internal threaded hole is opened at the upper end of the mounting seat 1. Bolts 5 are tightened in the internal threaded hole at the upper end of the mounting seat 1, and the ball core 6 can be fixedly connected to the mounting seat 1 by the bolts 5, thereby hingedly connected to the mounting seat 1.

[0023] The ball core 6, the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 are embedded in the cavity of the V-shaped ball head 2, so that the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 are tilted in the same direction and at the same angle as the V-shaped ball head 2. In this embodiment, the V-shaped ball head 2, the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 are tilted relative to the horizontal plane, and the tilt angle is Figure 1 The ball joint can generate a larger swing angle in the direction in which the V-shaped ball head 2, the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 are tilted. This large swing angle structure in a specific direction can enable the vehicle to travel on a road with a large bump amplitude. When the wheel rises or sinks with a large amplitude relative to the vehicle body, the ball joint can generate a large vertical deflection in the corresponding direction. In particular, when the vehicle needs to lift the axle without load, the ball joint needs to generate a large vertical deflection in the corresponding direction.

[0024] A ring-shaped petal hole 13 is formed at the elastic layer and the outer shell 12 to divide the elastic layer and the outer shell 12 into an upper and lower petal structure, and the petal hole 13 penetrates the spacer 10, the outer rubber layer 11 and the outer shell 12, so that the spacer 10, the outer rubber layer 11 and the outer shell 12 are separated from each other. The opening size of the outer side of the petal hole 13 is set to be larger than the opening size of the inner side of the petal hole 13, and the petal hole 13 is a blind hole formed on the inner rubber layer 9, so that the inner side of the inner rubber layer 9 is still connected together, but the outer side of the inner rubber layer 9 is separated by the petal hole 13.

[0025] In this embodiment, the outer surface of the core 6 and the inner surface of the outer jacket 12 are both spherical, and the inner surface and outer surface of the elastic layer match the shape and size of the outer surface of the core 6 and the inner surface of the outer jacket 12 respectively; when the elastic layer is pressed, the elastic layer can be tightly attached to the core 6 and the outer jacket 12. Since the upper and lower halves of the outer jacket 12 are set to have a thickness greater than the middle thickness at the upper and lower ends, when the thickness of the two ends of the outer jacket 12 is brought closer to the middle during vertical press-fitting, the thickness of the two ends of the outer jacket 12 will be radially squeezed by the inner wall of the V-shaped ball head 2. Therefore, in the process of the upper and lower halves of the outer jacket 12 gradually approaching each other in the vertical direction, the outer jacket 12 is squeezed in the radial direction by the inner wall of the V-shaped ball head 2, and the elastic layer and the outer jacket 12 will be pressed tightly in the cavity of the V-shaped ball head 2 in the radial direction.

[0026] When the outer sleeve 12 is vertically pressed and the upper and lower elastic layers and the outer sleeve 12 gradually move closer vertically, the ends of the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner rubber layer 9 move closer to the middle petal hole 13, and the size of the petal hole 13 opening in the vertical direction is reduced. However, the ends of the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner rubber layer 9 will produce shear deformation in the process of moving closer to the middle, thereby pulling the ends of the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner rubber layer 9, which is easy to cause the rubber at the ends of the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner rubber layer 9 to be broken. In order to prevent this situation from occurring, in this embodiment, recessed outer arc holes 14 are opened at both ends of the outer rubber layer 11, and recessed inner arc holes 15 are opened at both ends of the inner rubber layer 9, so that when the outer arc holes 14 of the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner arc holes 15 of the inner rubber layer 9 are subjected to a vertical pulling force closing toward the middle, the rubber at the outer arc holes 14 and the inner arc holes 15 at both ends will produce a smooth vertical shear deformation, thereby preventing the rubber at both ends of the outer rubber layer 11 and the inner rubber layer 9 from being pulled apart.

[0027] The core 6, the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 are first installed in the cavity of the V-shaped ball head 2 in a clearance fit manner, and there is a gap between the outer cover 12 and the inner wall of the V-shaped ball head 2 before vertical press-fitting, so that the core 6, the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 can quickly enter the cavity of the V-shaped ball head 2 without causing friction and extrusion with the inner wall of the V-shaped ball head 2. After the core 6, the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 are installed in the cavity of the V-shaped ball head 2, the outer cover 12 is vertically press-fitted, so that the upper and lower petals of the elastic layer and the outer cover 12 separated by the petal hole 13 gradually move vertically closer.

[0028] An annular groove is opened at the upper end of the inner side of the V-shaped ball head 2. After the outer sleeve 12 is vertically pressed, a retaining ring 3 is installed in the inner annular groove to vertically limit the outer sleeve 12; an annular groove is opened at the upper end of the outer side of the V-shaped ball head 2, and an end cover 4 is installed in the outer annular groove.

[0029] The elastic layer is arranged between the ball core 6 and the outer sleeve 12, which can reduce the vertical deflection stiffness of the main ball seat of the V-type thrust rod, and the spacer 10 is arranged in the inner rubber layer 9 and the outer rubber layer 11 of the elastic layer, which improves the stiffness of the main ball seat in the radial and axial directions. The specific principle is as follows: the elastic layer is arranged between the ball core 6 and the outer sleeve 12, so that when the main ball seat is subjected to radial or vertical external forces, the deformation degree of the elastic layer is small due to the obstruction of the metal spacer 10, thereby improving the stiffness of the main ball seat in the radial or vertical direction.

[0030] Obviously, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements or modifications made should be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split-petal ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness, characterized in that: The ball joint includes a V-shaped ball head, a ball core, an elastic layer and a jacket. The inner side of the elastic layer is vulcanized with the ball core, and the outer side of the elastic layer is vulcanized with the jacket. A cavity is dug inside the V-shaped ball head, and the ball core, the elastic layer and the jacket are press-fitted into the cavity of the V-shaped ball head.

2. A split-petal type ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic layer is provided with an inner rubber layer, a spacer and an outer rubber layer, the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are respectively vulcanized on both sides of the spacer; the inner side of the inner rubber layer is vulcanized together with the core, and the outer cover is vulcanized on the outer side of the outer rubber layer.

3. A split-petal type ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic layer and the outer jacket are provided with a circle of petal holes in the circumferential direction, thereby dividing the elastic layer and the outer jacket into an upper and lower petal structure; the petal holes penetrate the spacer, the outer rubber layer and the outer jacket, so that the spacer, the outer rubber layer and the outer jacket are separated from each other up and down.

4. A split-petal type ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening size of the outer side of the petal hole is set to be larger than the opening size of the inner side of the petal hole, and the petal hole is a blind hole opened on the inner rubber layer.

5. A split-petal type ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer shell is divided into an upper-petal outer shell and a lower-petal outer shell by the petal holes. The thickness of the upper end of the upper-petal outer shell is greater than the thickness of the lower end, and the thickness of the upper end of the lower-petal outer shell is less than the thickness of the lower end.

6. A split-petal type ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular groove is formed at the upper end of the inner side of the V-shaped ball head, and a retaining ring is installed in the inner annular groove.

7. A split-petal type ball joint with large swing angle and small vertical deflection stiffness according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular groove is formed at the upper end of the outer side of the V-shaped ball head, and an end cover is installed in the annular groove of the outer side.

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