The invention belongs to the aircraft strength test technology, and relates to a chuck-type wing loading device, which includes a pulling plate bolt, a pulling plate, a loading chuck, a loading wood block, a square rubber pad, a chuck compression bolt, a chuck connecting bolt, a bush, a spring washer, a rear spar, a wing profile, a rear spar actuator cylinder, a front spar and a front spar actuator cylinder. The invention is solid in mounting, the test load is accurately applied, the front spar load applying and the rear spar load applying are not influenced by each other, the device weight is accurately deducted, and the device does not increase the vertical stiffness of the wing profile.