The invention relates to the technical field of single levitation chassis testing for a maglev train, in particular to an electromechanical coupling vibration test device for the maglev train. The device comprises a primary platform for simulating ground support, a secondary platform which is positioned above the primary platform and simulates a track beam, and a track beam rigidity adjusting system for connecting the primary platform and the secondary platform, wherein the track beam rigidity adjusting system and the secondary platform supported by the track beam rigidity adjusting system form simulated maglev train track beam characteristics; and a hydraulic shock excitation system which applies excitation to the primary platform so as to simulate geometrical irregularity of track ground is fixed under the primary platform. The defects of the simplified single-point test or complete-vehicle debugging test for the conventional maglev train are overcome, the complex laboratory simulation of levitation control, elastic beam and coupling vibration environment of a levitation chassis mechanism for the maglev train is realized, the gap in research of key technology for domestic and overseas maglev trains is filled, and a scientific test means is provided for design of a levitation control system of the maglev train, the track beam characteristics and design of the mechanical structure of the levitation chassis.