The invention discloses an electronic integration system of a multipurpose data acquisition transmitter and a data processing method and device. The electronic integration system of the multipurpose data acquisition transmitter comprises a high-stability clock source module, an FPGA, a DDS chip, a UHF power amplification module, a GPRS/CDMA DTU module, an antenna module, a power module and a peripheral interface circuit module. After a related spread spectrum algorithm is carried out on data sent by an external sensor inside the FPGA, one path of the data is sent to the DDS chip, is sent to a signal amplification module after forming a modulated carrier frequency through the DDS chip, and is sent out after power amplification is carried out through the UHF power amplification module. The other path of the data is sent to the GPRS/CDMA DTU module, conversion processing is carried out on the data, and then data is sent out. Due to the fact that new design concepts of a standardized platform, modularized components and a universal interface are adopted, the electronic integration system of the multipurpose data acquisition transmitter has the advantages of being good in anti-interference capacity, small in size, light in weight, low in cost, short in lead time, high in performance, high in openness of the system structure and fully programmable, and facilitating follow-up upgrade of software and hardware.