Novel relay structure
The novel relay structure with interlocking switches and PLC control addresses contact wear and spring fatigue, stabilizing operation and enhancing functionality through automatic circuit switching, thus extending relay life and improving efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420862417.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing relays suffer from frequent mechanical wear of contacts and spring fatigue, leading to reduced service life, complex circuit requirements for alternating control, and limited functional diversity, with existing solutions failing to address these issues effectively.
A novel relay structure incorporating a moving contact plate, fixed contact plates, and control coils with interlocking switches, utilizing a PLC controller to alternate coil energization, eliminating the need for springs and enabling automatic repeated switching through programmable logic control.
The solution stabilizes relay operation, reduces failure rates, extends product life, and enhances functional diversity by allowing automatic circuit switching, thereby improving reliability and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222214067U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrical control and its components. More specifically, the utility model relates to a novel relay structure. Background Art
[0002] The working principle of the relay is to control the switch of the circuit through mechanical contacts. Generally, the coil on the control circuit is energized to attract or disconnect the contacts to make the main circuit on and off, and the reset of the contacts is achieved by springs. However, ordinary relays in the prior art have the following problems and defects:
[0003] 1. Frequent switching actions will cause wear between mechanical contacts, thus reducing the service life of the relay; after the contacts are closed, the pressure between the contacts is very high, which aggravates the wear, causes circuit failure and shortens the product life;
[0004] 2. Due to long-term working pressure and vibration, the spring may become fatigued, resulting in weakened elasticity or breakage; this will slow down the action of the relay or make it unable to close or reset normally; when the relay is impacted or overloaded, the spring may deform, affecting its elasticity, which will cause the working performance of the relay to decline or even fail, also affecting the life of the product;
[0005] 3. General relays can only control the on and off of the circuit, but in actual circuits, there is often such a demand: two circuits need to be energized and de-energized alternately, usually multiple relays are required to form a circuit for alternating on and off power for control; the circuit is complex and prone to failure; and if the function of an ordinary relay needs to be changed or restored, the circuit needs to be changed, which is quite troublesome, affecting production progress and reducing work efficiency.
[0006] Spring damage and contact wear are the two main failure modes that affect the service life of relays. Therefore, it is urgent to solve these two problems in electrical control systems. At the same time, it is also necessary to achieve the diversification of relay functions without significantly increasing costs.
[0007] Using keywords such as "relay; fault; contact wear" to search existing public technical literature, the following results were obtained:
[0008] 1. Chinese patent document: "A bridge-type double-break structure with one-way switching contact balanced force sealed relay"; the patent (application) number is: 201921306804.9; the technical solution recorded is:
[0009] "A one-way switching contact balanced force sealed relay with a bridge-type double-break structure comprises an electromagnet assembly, an outer cover assembly, a bearing, an armature, a gasket, a moving spring assembly, a contact, a contact seat plate assembly, a support plate assembly, a pressing plate, a fixing block, an additional pole and a magnet; the contact and the moving spring constitute a moving spring assembly, which is riveted and fixed with the fixing block and the pressing plate, and then connected and fixed with the armature and the gasket to form an armature moving spring assembly; the armature moving spring assembly and the electromagnet assembly are fixed together through a bearing, and then spot welded together with the magnet and the additional pole on the support plate assembly to form a drive assembly; the drive assembly is fixedly welded to the contact seat plate assembly, and then sealed with the outer cover assembly by laser sealing welding";
[0010] The technical effects recorded are:
[0011] "The bridge-type double-break contacts have a higher volt-ampere characteristic. When high voltage or large current passes between the contacts, it can effectively reduce electrical wear between the contacts, making the contacts less likely to have adhesion failures, thereby improving the reliability of the relay."
[0012] 2. Chinese patent document: "A new type of electrical circuit thermal relay reset circuit"; the patent (application) number is: 201920421629.1; the technical solution recorded is:
[0013] "A new type of electrical circuit thermal relay reset circuit includes a start-stop circuit, a reset circuit, and a reset signal circuit connected between one phase of a power supply and a neutral line of a power supply. One phase of a power supply is connected to the start-stop circuit, the reset circuit, and the reset signal circuit through a switch and a fuse; the start-stop circuit includes a start button, a start button, an AC contactor coil, a thermal relay normally closed contact, and an intermediate relay normally closed contact connected in sequence; the AC contactor normally open contacts are connected on both sides of the start button; the reset circuit includes a start button, a thermal relay normally open contact, and an intermediate relay coil connected in sequence, and the normally open contacts of the intermediate relay are also connected on both sides of the thermal relay normally open contact";
[0014] The technical effects recorded are:
[0015] "It can reduce the number of times the thermal relay is pulled out to reset the drawer-type switch cabinet, avoiding wear, poor contact, and heat generation of the primary and secondary dynamic and static plugs of the drawer-type switch, which may cause busbar discharge, phase short circuit, and damage to the primary and secondary dynamic and static plugs."
[0016] However, the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned public technical documents have not been able to solve the problems and defects of the relay in the prior art, such as "the spring is prone to failure; the pressure between the contacts is too large; and the function is single". Utility Model Content
[0017] The utility model provides a novel relay structure, the purpose of which is to reduce the faults of the relay, prolong the product life and realize the diversification of its functions.
[0018] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0019] The novel relay structure of the utility model comprises a moving contact plate, a fixed contact plate and a control coil; the fixed contact plate comprises an upper fixed contact plate and a lower fixed contact plate, and the moving contact plate is arranged between the upper fixed contact plate and the lower fixed contact plate; the moving contact plate contacts on the upper and lower surfaces of the moving contact plate respectively contact with the upper fixed contact on the upper fixed contact plate and the lower fixed contact on the lower fixed contact plate under different power-on states; a first coil is arranged below the moving contact plate; a second coil is arranged on the upper fixed contact plate; the first coil and the second coil are respectively connected to a control power supply through a first switch and a second switch;
[0020] Alternatively, the first coil and the second coil are respectively connected to a PLC controller; the PLC controller is provided with input wiring terminals respectively connected to the lower contact sensor signal contact and the upper contact sensor signal contact; the closing or opening of the lower contact sensor signal contact and the upper contact sensor signal contact respectively energizes or de-energizes the first coil and the second coil.
[0021] The movable contact plate is connected to the movable touch plate bracket via a hinge shaft; the movable touch plate bracket is fixedly mounted on the movable touch plate base.
[0022] A lower contact plate limiting protrusion is arranged on the lower fixed contact plate.
[0023] An armature is arranged at a position of the moving contact plate corresponding to the first coil.
[0024] An iron sheet is arranged at a position of the upper fixed contact plate corresponding to the second coil.
[0025] The first coil is fixed on the movable touch plate base through the electromagnet in the middle of the coil.
[0026] The PLC controller is provided with input wiring terminals which are respectively connected with the start button and the stop button.
[0027] The PLC controller adopts CPU1214C AC / DC / RLY.
[0028] The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, avoids the two failure modes of spring damage and contact wear in the relay, no longer uses spring reset, reduces the failure rate, makes its working state more stable, and prolongs the service life of electrical components; adds PLC program control, not only can realize the traditional relay function, but also adds a new function, that is, the function of automatic repeated switching of circuits can be realized through PLC program design, thereby realizing the diversification of electrical control functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] The contents shown in the attached drawings and the symbols in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coil and switch in the utility model connected to the control power supply;
[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coil and switch in the utility model connected to the PLC controller;
[0033] Figure 4 This is a PLC control program diagram of the utility model.
[0034] The markings in the figure are:
[0035] 1. Moving contact plate, 2. Moving touch plate bracket, 3. Moving touch plate base, 4. Moving touch plate contact, 5. First coil, 6. Second coil, 7. Upper fixed contact plate, 8. Upper fixed contact, 9. Lower fixed contact plate, 10. Lower fixed contact, 11. Lower contact plate limiting protrusion, 12. Iron sheet, 13. First switch, 14. Second switch, 15. Control power supply, 16. PLC controller (circuit board), 17. Start button, 18. Stop button, 19. Armature, 20. Hinge shaft, 21. Electromagnet, 22. Lower contact sensor signal contact, 23. Upper contact sensor signal contact. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The specific implementation methods of the utility model are further explained in detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the utility model.
[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the utility model is a novel relay structure, comprising a moving contact plate 1, a fixed contact plate, and a control coil.
[0038] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art and overcome its defects, and to achieve the invention purpose of reducing the failure of the relay, extending the product life and realizing the diversification of its functions, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the novel relay structure of the utility model, the fixed contact plate comprises an upper fixed contact plate 7 and a lower fixed contact plate 9, the movable contact plate 1 is arranged between the upper fixed contact plate 7 and the lower fixed contact plate 9; the movable contact plate contacts 4 on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable contact plate 1, in different power-on states, respectively contact with the upper fixed contact 8 on the upper fixed contact plate 7 and the lower fixed contact 10 on the lower fixed contact plate 9; a first coil 5 is arranged below the movable contact plate 1; a second coil 6 is arranged on the upper fixed contact plate 7; the first coil 5 and the second coil 6 are respectively connected to the control power supply 15 through the first switch 13 and the second switch 14;
[0040] The first switch 13 controls the first coil 5. When the first switch 13 is closed, the second switch 14 is opened, the first coil 5 is energized, the electromagnet generates a magnetic field, the armature is attracted downward, the movable contact plate 1 rotates downward, the movable contact plate contact 4 on the lower surface of the movable contact plate 1 contacts the lower fixed contact 10; the movable contact plate contact 4 on the upper surface of the movable contact plate 1 is disconnected from the upper fixed contact 8.
[0041] The second switch 14 controls the second coil 6. The second coil 6 is wound on the ferromagnetic body of the upper fixed contact plate 7; when the second switch 14 is closed, the first switch 13 is disconnected, the second coil 6 is energized, the iron sheet 12 is adsorbed with the ferromagnetic body on the second coil 6, the moving contact plate contact 4 on the upper surface of the moving contact plate 1 is in contact with the upper fixed contact 8, and the moving contact plate contact 4 on the lower surface of the moving contact plate 1 is disconnected from the lower fixed contact 10. At the same time, the ferromagnetic body prevents the moving contact plate contact 4 on the upper surface of the moving contact plate 1 from being worn out with the upper fixed contact 8.
[0042] Therefore, the first switch 13 and the second switch 14 use interlocking contacts, that is, when the first switch 13 is turned on, the second switch 14 is turned off, and vice versa.
[0043] Based on the above technical solution, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first coil 5 and the second coil 6 are respectively connected to the PLC controller 16; the PLC controller 16 is provided with input wiring terminals respectively connected to the lower contact sensor signal contact 22 and the upper contact sensor signal contact 23; the closing or opening of the lower contact sensor signal contact 22 and the upper contact sensor signal contact 23 respectively energizes or de-energizes the first coil 5 and the second coil 6.
[0044] The PLC program is used to control the on and off of the electromagnet and the coil on the ferromagnetic body, so that the upper and lower contacts are switched back and forth, and the first coil 5 and the second coil 6 are energized alternately. It can not only realize the function of the traditional relay controlling two circuits, but also realize the function of automatically switching the circuit repeatedly when the relay works in a special environment.
[0045] In the PLC program design, the lower contact sensor signal contact 22 and the upper contact sensor signal contact 23 can also be made into an interlocking relationship.
[0046] The movable contact plate 1 is connected to the movable touch plate bracket 2 via a hinge shaft 20 ; the movable touch plate bracket 2 is fixedly mounted on the movable touch plate base 3 .
[0047] The movable contact plate 1 is connected to the movable contact plate bracket 2 via the hinge shaft 20 , and the movable contact plate 1 can rotate around the hinge shaft 20 .
[0048] The first coil 5 is fixed on the moving touch plate base 3 via the electromagnet 21 in the middle of the coil.
[0049] An armature 19 is disposed at a position of the moving contact plate 1 corresponding to the first coil 5 .
[0050] The electromagnet 21 is fixed on the movable touch plate base 3; the first coil 5 is wound around the electromagnet 21. The armature 19 is located directly above the electromagnet 21.
[0051] The lower fixed contact plate 9 is provided with a lower contact plate limiting protrusion 11 .
[0052] When the moving contact plate contact 4 on the lower surface of the moving contact plate 1 contacts the lower fixed contact 10 , the lower contact plate limiting protrusion 11 fits with the iron sheet 12 , which reduces the wear of the moving contact plate contact 4 and the lower fixed contact 10 .
[0053] The ferromagnetic body also plays a role in reducing contact wear, and the elevated portion of the contact support plate also plays a role in reducing contact wear.
[0054] An iron sheet 12 is provided at a position of the upper fixed contact plate 7 corresponding to the second coil 6 .
[0055] A ferromagnet is added to the support plate of the contact, a coil is wound on the ferromagnet, and a part of the support plate of the contact B is replaced with an iron sheet 12. When the electromagnet is powered off, the coil on the ferromagnet is powered on, generating a magnetic field to close the contact, replacing the role of the spring.
[0056] The specific scheme of the utility model using PLC controller:
[0057] The PLC controller 16 is provided with input terminals connected to a start button 17 and a stop button 18 respectively.
[0058] After adding the PLC program, when this function is needed, press the start button 17, the relay point is set, the first coil 5 is energized, the second coil 6 is de-energized, the electromagnet generates a magnetic field to attract the armature downward, the armature is attracted downward, the moving contact plate 1 rotates downward, and the moving contact plate contact 4 on the lower surface of the moving contact plate 1 contacts the lower fixed contact 10; the moving contact plate contact 4 on the upper surface of the moving contact plate 1 is disconnected from the upper fixed contact 8.
[0059] When the moving touch plate contact 4 contacts the lower fixed contact 10, the first coil 5 is de-energized, the second coil 6 is energized, the armature rises, and the moving touch plate contact 4 contacts the upper fixed contact 8; when the moving touch plate contact 4 contacts the upper fixed contact 8, the first coil 5 is energized, the second coil 6 is de-energized, and the cycle repeats in sequence to achieve the function of automatically and repeatedly switching the circuit.
[0060] When this function is not needed, the stop button 18 is pressed, the relay point is reset, and this function is turned off.
[0061] The PLC controller 16 adopts CPU1214C AC / DC / RLY.
[0062] Beneficial effects achieved by the utility model:
[0063] The technical solution of the utility model avoids two failure modes of spring damage and contact wear in the relay, and no longer uses spring reset to reduce the failure rate, making its working state more stable; the addition of PLC program can not only realize the traditional relay function, but also add another function, which can realize the function of automatic repeated switching of circuits, making it multifunctional.
[0064] The utility model is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the utility model, or the concept and technical solution of the utility model are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A novel relay structure, comprising a moving contact plate (1), a fixed contact plate, and a control coil, characterized in that: The fixed contact plate comprises an upper fixed contact plate (7) and a lower fixed contact plate (9); the movable contact plate (1) is arranged between the upper fixed contact plate (7) and the lower fixed contact plate (9); the movable contact plate contacts (4) on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable contact plate (1) respectively contact with the upper fixed contact (8) on the upper fixed contact plate (7) and the lower fixed contact (10) on the lower fixed contact plate (9) in different power-on states; a first coil (5) is arranged below the movable contact plate (1); a second coil (6) is arranged on the upper fixed contact plate (7); the first coil (5) and the second coil (6) are connected to a control power supply (15) through a first switch (13) and a second switch (14), respectively.
2. A novel relay structure, comprising a moving contact plate (1), a fixed contact plate, and a control coil, characterized in that: The fixed contact plate comprises an upper fixed contact plate (7) and a lower fixed contact plate (9), and the movable contact plate (1) is arranged between the upper fixed contact plate (7) and the lower fixed contact plate (9); the movable contact plate contacts (4) on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable contact plate (1) respectively contact with the upper fixed contact (8) on the upper fixed contact plate (7) and the lower fixed contact (10) on the lower fixed contact plate (9) in different power-on states; a first coil (5) is arranged below the movable contact plate (1); a second coil (6) is arranged on the upper fixed contact plate (7); the first coil (5) and the second coil (6) are respectively connected to a PLC controller (16); the PLC controller (16) is provided with input wiring terminals respectively connected to a lower contact sensor signal contact (22) and an upper contact sensor signal contact (23); the closing or opening of the lower contact sensor signal contact (22) and the upper contact sensor signal contact (23) respectively causes the first coil (5) and the second coil (6) to be powered on or powered off.
3. The novel relay structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable contact plate (1) is connected to the movable touch plate bracket (2) via a hinge shaft (20); the movable touch plate bracket (2) is fixedly mounted on the movable touch plate base (3).
4. The novel relay structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A lower contact plate limiting protrusion (11) is provided on the lower fixed contact plate (9).
5. The novel relay structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An armature (19) is arranged at a position of the moving contact plate (1) corresponding to the first coil (5).
6. The novel relay structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An iron sheet (12) is arranged at a position of the upper fixed contact plate (7) corresponding to the second coil (6).
7. The novel relay structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first coil (5) is fixed on the movable touch plate base (3) via an electromagnet (21) in the middle of the coil.
8. The novel relay structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The PLC controller (16) is provided with input wiring terminals respectively connected to a start button (17) and a stop button (18).
9. The novel relay structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The PLC controller (16) adopts CPU1214C AC / DC / RLY.