Hydraulic system of excavator
By using the combination of shunt and bus pipelines and one-way valves in the hydraulic excavator system and combining multiple reversing valves, the throttling losses and cost increase caused by pipelines and reversing valves in the hydraulic system are solved, and the problem of throttling losses and cost increase is achieved. More efficient and low-cost hydraulic system design.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323495133.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-20
AI Technical Summary
In the existing hydraulic excavator system, the cost increases when the efficiency is increased due to pipeline pressure loss and the flow demand of each actuator is different, resulting in an increase in the diameter of the hydraulic reversing valve, which increases the cost. .
Use a shunt pipeline and a bus line to combine with a check valve, and connect it to the actuator through a multi-way reversing valve to form a bypass bus oil line under the influence of high flow, and use a low-cost shunt valve block (median normally closed ) to reduce oil flow and throttling losses in the connecting valve.
It reduces the throttling loss of the connecting valve, reduces costs, and improves the efficiency of the hydraulic system, and realizes the dynamic adjustment of the flow distribution of the hydraulic system according to the flow demand.
Smart Images
Figure CN222227425U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to a hydraulic system for an excavator. Background Art
[0002] Hydraulic excavators are essential equipment for construction projects such as infrastructure construction and mining, and their efficiency and fuel economy have long been key performance indicators. A hydraulic excavator's hydraulic system typically includes at least one main pump, at least one multi-way directional control valve (including a travel directional control valve, a swing directional control valve, and a boom directional control valve), multiple actuators, including but not limited to the following: a swing drive unit, a travel drive unit, a boom cylinder, an arm cylinder, and a bucket cylinder; a servo control system, and other hydraulic accessories such as a fuel tank and oil radiator. Each actuator's hydraulic circuit consists of a main pump and a hydraulic directional control valve, as exemplified by the excavator hydraulic system and excavator disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN 219298323U. Hydraulic systems inevitably experience pressure losses, such as pressure loss along the pipeline and throttling pressure loss from the directional control valve's spool. These pressure losses are directly related to flow rate and flow area.
[0003] As excavator operating efficiency requirements continue to increase, traditional hydraulic systems typically increase pump flow to improve efficiency, but this also increases pressure loss. To reduce pressure loss, the first approach is to use larger pipe diameters to reduce pipeline pressure loss, and the second approach is to use larger hydraulic reversing valve diameters to reduce throttling pressure loss.
[0004] However, in the hydraulic system of the excavator, the flow required by each actuator is different, and the hydraulic reversing valve is often an integration of multiple hydraulic circuit reversing valves. Therefore, increasing the specifications of the hydraulic reversing valve often increases the hydraulic valve diameters of all circuits at the same time, resulting in increased costs. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a hydraulic system for an excavator.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A hydraulic system for an excavator includes a hydraulic pump and an actuator. The hydraulic pump is connected to the actuator via a multi-way reversing valve. A diverter line is provided at the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump. The diverter line is connected to the oil inlet of a diverter valve block. The oil outlet of the diverter valve block is connected to the oil inlet of the actuator via a converging line. A one-way valve is provided on the diverter line and / or the converging line.
[0008] Preferably, the oil inlet of the one-way valve is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve is connected to the oil inlet of the diverter valve block.
[0009] Preferably, the oil inlet of the one-way valve is connected to the oil outlet of the diverter valve block, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve is connected to the oil inlet of the actuator.
[0010] Preferably, the actuator is one or two of a boom cylinder, a bucket cylinder, an arm cylinder, a slewing motor, and a travel motor.
[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic pump is a first plunger pump and / or a second plunger pump.
[0012] Preferably, the diverter valve block is a two-position, two-way valve that is normally closed in the middle position.
[0013] Preferably, the multi-way reversing valve includes a right walking coupling valve, a boom coupling valve, a bucket coupling valve, an arm coupling valve, an arm coupling valve, a arm coupling valve, a swing coupling valve, an arm coupling valve and a left walking coupling valve. The right walking coupling valve and the left walking coupling valve are respectively connected to the walking motor, the boom coupling valve and the boom coupling valve are respectively connected to the boom cylinder, the bucket coupling valve is connected to the bucket cylinder, the arm coupling valve and the arm coupling valve are respectively connected to the arm cylinder, and the swing coupling valve is connected to the swing motor.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0015] According to the flow demand, under the influence of large flow, the utility model connects a bypass oil circuit in parallel to the circuit where the connecting valve produces a large throttling loss, and at the same time uses a low-cost diverter valve block (a two-position two-way valve) to connect it to the hydraulic pump and the actuator through a pipeline, so as to form a bypass converging circuit for a connecting valve circuit with a large throttling pressure loss, thereby reducing the oil flow rate of the connecting valve. Compared with the existing technology, the cost is lower and the throttling loss of the connecting valve can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 This is the hydraulic principle diagram of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a hydraulic principle diagram of Example 3 of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a hydraulic principle diagram of Example 5 of the present utility model.
[0019] In the figure: 1. First plunger pump; 2. Second plunger pump; 3. Diverter pipeline; 4. One-way valve; 5. Diverter valve block; 6. Converging pipeline; 7. Boom cylinder; 8. Bucket cylinder; 9. Arm cylinder; 10. Rotary motor; 11. Travel motor; 12. Multi-way reversing valve; 13. Right travel coupling valve; 14. Boom primary valve; 15. Bucket coupling valve; 16. Arm secondary valve; 17. Arm primary valve; 18. Rotary coupling valve; 19. Boom secondary valve; 20. Left travel coupling valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] Example 1:
[0022] A hydraulic system for an excavator includes a hydraulic pump and an actuator. The hydraulic pump is connected to the actuator via a multi-way reversing valve 12. A diverter line 3 is provided at the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump. The diverter line 3 is connected to the oil inlet of a diverter valve block 5. The oil outlet of the diverter valve block 5 is connected to the oil inlet of the actuator via a converging line 6. A one-way valve 4 is provided on the diverter line 3 and / or the converging line 6.
[0023] Example 2:
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, an excavator hydraulic system is different from Example 1 in that the oil inlet of the one-way valve 4 is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve 4 is connected to the oil inlet of the diverter valve block 5.
[0025] Example 3:
[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, an excavator hydraulic system is different from Example 2 in that the oil inlet of the one-way valve 4 is connected to the oil outlet of the diverter valve block 5, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve 4 is connected to the oil inlet of the actuator.
[0027] Example 4:
[0028] An excavator hydraulic system is different from Example 1 in that the actuator is one or two of the boom cylinder 7, bucket cylinder 8, arm cylinder 9, slewing motor 10, and travel motor 11.
[0029] In this embodiment, the actuator is the boom cylinder 7, and the hydraulic pump is the first plunger pump 1. Figure 1 shown.
[0030] Example 5:
[0031] like Figure 3As shown, an excavator hydraulic system is different from Example 1 in that the actuators are the boom cylinder 7 and the dipper cylinder 9, and the hydraulic pumps are the first plunger pump 1 and the second plunger pump 2.
[0032] Furthermore, the diverter valve block 5 is a two-position, two-way valve that is normally closed in the middle position. The use of a two-position, two-way valve can reduce production costs.
[0033] Furthermore, the multi-way reversing valve 12 includes a right travel coupling valve 13, a boom coupling valve 14, a bucket coupling valve 15, an arm coupling valve 16, an arm coupling valve 17, a rotary coupling valve 18, an arm coupling valve 19 and a left travel coupling valve 20. The right travel coupling valve 13 and the left travel coupling valve 20 are respectively connected to the travel motor 11, the boom coupling valve 14 and the boom coupling valve 19 are respectively connected to the boom cylinder 7, the bucket coupling valve 15 is connected to the bucket cylinder 8, the arm coupling valve 17 and the arm coupling valve 16 are respectively connected to the arm cylinder 9, and the rotary coupling valve 18 is connected to the rotary motor 10.
[0034] The present invention takes embodiment 4 as an example, and its working principle is as follows:
[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a bypass is implemented for the hydraulic circuit of the boom cylinder 7. When the large cavity of the boom cylinder 7 is filled with oil, according to the actual working conditions, when the hydraulic oil discharged by the first plunger pump 1 exceeds the rated flow of the multi-way reversing valve 12, the hydraulic oil discharged by the second plunger pump 2 and a part of the hydraulic oil discharged by the first plunger pump 1 enter the large cavity of the boom cylinder 7 through the boom first valve 14 and the boom second valve 19 of the multi-way reversing valve 12, and under the control of the servo system, a part of the hydraulic oil discharged by the first plunger pump 1 passes through the boom first valve 14 and the boom second valve 19 of the multi-way reversing valve 12. The left position of the diverter pipeline 3, the one-way valve 4, and the diverter valve block 5 is connected to the large chamber inlet of the boom cylinder 7 through the converging pipeline 6; when the hydraulic oil discharged by the first plunger pump 1 is lower than the rated flow of the multi-way reversing valve 12, under the control of the servo system, the diverter valve block 5 is in the right closed position, and all the hydraulic oil discharged by the first plunger pump 1 and the second plunger pump 2 only passes through the boom first valve 14 and the boom second valve 19 of the multi-way reversing valve 12 to enter the large chamber of the boom cylinder 7, which reduces the oil flow through the valves and has lower costs.
Claims
1. An excavator hydraulic system, comprising a hydraulic pump and an actuator, wherein the hydraulic pump is connected to the actuator via a multi-way reversing valve (12), characterized in that: A diverter pipeline (3) is provided at the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump, the diverter pipeline (3) is connected to the oil inlet of the diverter valve block (5), the oil outlet of the diverter valve block (5) is connected to the oil inlet of the actuator via a converging pipeline (6), and a one-way valve (4) is provided on the diverter pipeline (3) and / or the converging pipeline (6).
2. The hydraulic system for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet of the one-way valve (4) is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve (4) is connected to the oil inlet of the diverter valve block (5).
3. The hydraulic system for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet of the one-way valve (4) is connected to the oil outlet of the diverter valve block (5), and the oil outlet of the one-way valve (4) is connected to the oil inlet of the actuator.
4. The hydraulic system for an excavator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The actuator is one or two of a boom cylinder (7), a bucket cylinder (8), an arm cylinder (9), a slewing motor (10), and a travel motor (11).
5. The hydraulic system for an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic pump is a first plunger pump (1) or / and a second plunger pump (2).
6. The hydraulic system for an excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diverter valve block (5) is a two-position, two-way valve that is normally closed in the middle position.
7. The hydraulic system for an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-way reversing valve (12) comprises a right travel valve (13), a boom valve (14), a bucket valve (15), a dipper arm valve (16), a dipper arm valve (17), a swing valve (18), a dipper arm valve (19) and a left travel valve (20). The right travel valve (13) and the left travel valve (20) are respectively connected to the travel motor (11), the boom valve (14) and the dipper arm valve (19) are respectively connected to the boom cylinder (7), the bucket valve (15) is connected to the bucket cylinder (8), the dipper arm valve (17) and the dipper arm valve (16) are respectively connected to the dipper arm cylinder (9), and the swing valve (18) is connected to the swing motor (10).