Power supply circuit capable of improving surge current impact resistance
The power supply circuit addresses surge current protection inefficiencies by using a surge impact protection module with switch units and capacitors to manage surge currents, ensuring effective protection and low power consumption, suitable for industries with strict requirements.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323346213.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing surge current protection methods using NTC thermistors are ineffective during short restart intervals, consume energy when not in use, and cannot accurately adjust surge current peak values or recovery times, failing to meet the needs of industries with strict power consumption and performance requirements.
A power supply circuit incorporating a surge impact protection module with a first and second switch unit, resistors, capacitors, and voltage stabilizing units, utilizing MOS tubes and diodes to manage surge currents, allowing adjustable peak current and recovery time settings.
The circuit effectively prevents surge impacts under varying conditions, reduces power consumption, and occupies minimal space, meeting the requirements of industries with strict power and performance standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN222234678U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a power supply circuit, in particular to a power supply circuit with improved surge current impact protection performance. Background Art
[0002] At present, the technical solution for surge current protection is to connect the positive and negative electrodes of the input NTC thermistor in series. When the whole machine is powered on, the NTC is in a high-resistance state. In this way, the current at the moment of power-on becomes very small due to the high resistance of the NTC. When the NTC is powered on and heated, the resistance value decreases rapidly, so the power consumption of the NTC is reduced and the normal operation of the whole machine is not affected. Due to the unique characteristics of the NTC thermistor, it can only protect against surge impact after the NTC thermistor is completely cooled down and restarted. If the interval time between the restart of the whole machine is very short, the NTC thermistor is not completely cooled down. In this way, the NTC thermistor is still in a low-resistance state and has no good surge current protection function. At the same time, when the whole machine is working normally, the NTC thermistor will still consume some energy due to the existence of resistance, which is very unfavorable for situations with strict requirements on power consumption. At the same time, the NTC thermistor surge current protection solution cannot accurately adjust the peak value of the surge current and the recovery time of the rated current, and cannot be used for special industries. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a power supply circuit with improved surge current impact protection performance.
[0004] The utility model provides a power supply circuit with improved surge current impact protection performance, including a surge impact protection module, wherein the surge impact protection module includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a first resistor, a second resistor and a second capacitor, wherein two ends of the second switch unit are connected in series to the negative electrode line of the power supply, a control end is connected to one end of the first switch unit, one end of the first switch unit is also connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the first switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the control end of the first switch unit is connected between the second switch unit and the negative electrode output end of the power supply through the first resistor, and the second resistor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the second switch unit.
[0005] Furthermore, the surge protection module also includes a first capacitor, which is connected in parallel with a first resistor.
[0006] Furthermore, the surge protection module further includes one or more third resistors connected in parallel, one end of the third resistor is connected to the control end of the first switch unit, and the other end is connected to the power output end of the second switch unit.
[0007] Furthermore, the surge protection module further includes a first voltage stabilizing unit, and the first voltage stabilizing unit is connected in series between the control end of the first switch unit and the third resistor.
[0008] Furthermore, the first switch unit is a triode, and the second switch unit is a MOS tube or a switch tube.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-reverse connection module arranged at the input end of the surge protection module.
[0010] Furthermore, the anti-reverse connection module is a diode.
[0011] Furthermore, the anti-reverse connection module includes a fourth resistor and a third switch unit connected in series to the negative electrode line of the power supply, and the control end of the third switch unit is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the fourth resistor.
[0012] Furthermore, the anti-reverse connection module also includes a fifth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor is connected between the control end of the third switch unit and the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output end of the third switch unit.
[0013] Furthermore, the anti-reverse connection module also includes a third capacitor and a second voltage stabilizing unit, and the third capacitor and the second voltage stabilizing unit are respectively connected in parallel at both ends of the fourth resistor.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the surge protection module of the utility model can resist surge impact, and under high and low temperature working conditions, the circuit can be continuously switched on and off in a short period of time and still effectively prevent surge;
[0015] The utility model does not contain temperature sensitive components and can still effectively play a protective role even if it is restarted repeatedly in a short period of time;
[0016] By setting the first resistor, the second resistor and the second capacitor, the surge peak current and the rated current recovery time of the utility model are adjustable, and the parameters can be adjusted to meet the technical requirements of different industries;
[0017] The internal resistance of the second switch unit of the utility model is very small, which is at the mΩ level, so the power consumption of this circuit is very small, and can also meet the requirements under strict power consumption requirements;
[0018] The power supply circuit of the utility model is basically a patch component, and the overall occupied space is limited, so the limited space can be reasonably utilized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the power supply circuit of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention; the terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.
[0023] Reference to "embodiments" in the present invention means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present invention may be combined with other embodiments.
[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit includes a power input module, which provides a stable power supply to the load through an isolated power supply. In order to improve the safety of the isolated power supply, this example sets an anti-surge impact module at the front end of the isolated power supply, and sets an anti-reverse connection module between the input end of the anti-surge impact module and the output end of the power input module.
[0026] In this example, the power supply is input through the reverse polarity protection module. The circuit can only work normally when the input polarity is correct. When the positive and negative polarities are reversed, the subsequent circuit will not be turned on, effectively protecting the safety of the subsequent circuit components and preventing the board from burning. When the normal positive and negative polarity input is restored, the circuit can effectively resume normal operation.
[0027] The surge protection module in this example can effectively suppress surge impact at the moment of power startup, further protecting the safety of subsequent circuit components.
[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, as an embodiment of the utility model, the anti-reverse connection module of this example includes a fourth resistor and a third switch unit connected in series to the negative pole line of the power supply, and the control end of the third switch unit is connected to the positive pole of the power supply through the fourth resistor. It also includes a fifth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor is connected between the control end of the third switch unit and the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output end of the third switch unit. The anti-reverse connection module also includes a third capacitor and a second voltage stabilizing unit, and the third capacitor and the second voltage stabilizing unit are respectively connected in parallel to both ends of the fourth resistor.
[0029] In this example, the fourth resistor is resistor R1, the fifth resistor is resistor R4, the unit of the third switch is NMOS tube Q2, the gate of the NMOS tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the resistor R1, the drain of the resistor R4 is connected between the control end of the NMOS tube Q2 and the resistor R1, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q2.
[0030] The resistors R1 and R4 in this example can together form a gate voltage divider circuit of the NMOS tube Q2. The third capacitor is the capacitor C2, which is a filter capacitor. The second voltage stabilizing unit is the voltage stabilizing tube ZD2, which plays a voltage stabilizing role and provides a stable working voltage for the NMOS tube Q2.
[0031] As another embodiment of the utility model, the anti-reverse circuit of this example can be replaced by a diode, but the diode has a large voltage drop, high power consumption, and relatively large heat generation. The third switch unit of this example can be replaced by a switch tube, and the NMOS tube can also be replaced by a PMOS tube.
[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the surge protection module of this example includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a first resistor, a second resistor and a second capacitor, wherein the two ends of the second switch unit are connected in series to the negative pole line of the power supply, the control end is connected to one end of the first switch unit, one end of the first switch unit is also connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the other end of the first switch unit is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, the control end of the first switch unit is connected between the second switch unit and the negative pole output end of the power supply through the first resistor, and the second resistor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the second switch unit.
[0033] The surge protection module further includes a first capacitor connected in parallel with the first resistor. The surge protection module further includes one or more third resistors connected in parallel, one end of the third resistor is connected to the control end of the first switch unit, and the other end is connected to the power output end of the second switch unit.
[0034] The surge protection module further includes a first voltage stabilizing unit, which is connected in series between the control end of the first switch unit and the third resistor.
[0035] In this example, the first resistor is R6, the second resistor is R5, the third resistor includes resistors R2 and R3, the first capacitor is capacitor C3, the second capacitor is capacitor C1, and the first voltage-stabilized power supply in this example is voltage-stabilized tube ZD1. In this example, the first switch unit is transistor Q1, the second switch unit is NMOS tube Q3, and transistor Q1 controls the on-off of NMOS tube Q3 to suppress the surge current at the moment of startup and the time to restore the rated current.
[0036] Of course, the second switch unit in this example may adopt a PMOS tube solution, or may be replaced by other types of switch tubes.
[0037] This example works like this:
[0038] When the positive and negative polarities are correctly input into the circuit, the gate (G pole) of the NMOS tube Q2 is at a high level, the NMOS tube Q2 is turned on, and the circuit is powered on and works normally. Since the internal resistance of the NMOS tube is at the mΩ level, the power consumption of the NMOS tube is very small and does not affect the power consumption of the entire machine.
[0039] When the positive and negative polarities are reversed, the gate (G pole) of the NMOS tube Q2 is at a low level, the NMOS tube Q2 is turned off, and the circuit is turned off, which can effectively protect the safety of the subsequent circuit components and prevent the subsequent circuit from burning out. When the normal positive and negative inputs are restored, the circuit can promptly and effectively resume normal operation.
[0040] At the moment of circuit startup, the surge current charges the capacitor C3 through the high-power resistor R6, and the resistor R5 will get a voltage difference. At this time, the base of the transistor Q1 is at a high level, and the transistor Q1 is turned on. After the transistor Q1 is turned on, the G of the NMOS tube Q3 is at a low level, and the NMOS tube Q3 is turned off, and the entire circuit has no output, so that the surge current will not be fed back to the power input.
[0041] After the surge current impacts, capacitors C1 and C3 will discharge through resistors R5 and R6 respectively. When there is no voltage difference on resistor R5, the base of transistor Q1 is at a low level, and transistor Q1 enters the off state. After the transistor is turned off, the G of NMOS tube Q3 is at a high level, and NMOS tube Q3 enters the on state, so that the circuit enters the normal working state. At this time, the components of the surge protection module (transistor Q1, capacitor C1, resistor R5, resistor R6, capacitor C3, voltage regulator diode ZD1, resistor R2, resistor R3) will not consume current, effectively reducing the power consumption of the normal operation of the circuit.
[0042] Through the above principle, it can be known that in the inrush current impact suppression circuit of the utility model, the peak value of the inrush current has nothing to do with the amplitude of the input voltage, and the time of the inrush current has nothing to do with the capacity of the input capacitor. By adjusting the values of capacitor C1, capacitor C3 and resistor R5, the time to restore the rated current can be adjusted, and by adjusting the resistance value of resistor R6, the peak value of the inrush current can be adjusted. It plays an extremely important role in industries with special inrush current peak values and strict restrictions on the time to restore the rated current.
[0043] In addition, the peak value of the surge current and the time to restore the rated current of the utility model are controllable. The controllable time is related to the corresponding resistance and capacitance and has nothing to do with the parameters of the NMOS tube. Therefore, the relative discreteness is low, and a reasonable surge current peak value and recovery time can be designed according to actual technical requirements.
[0044] In summary, the utility model has the following innovations and advantages:
[0045] 1. It can resist surge impact. Under high and low temperature working conditions, the circuit can be continuously switched on and off in a short period of time and still effectively prevent surge;
[0046] 2. The utility model does not contain temperature sensitive components and can still effectively protect the device even if it is restarted repeatedly in a short period of time;
[0047] 3. The surge peak current and the rated current recovery time of the utility model are adjustable, and the parameters can be adjusted to meet the technical requirements of different industries;
[0048] 4. The internal resistance of the utility model is very small, at the mΩ level, so the power consumption of this circuit is very small, and it can also meet the strict power consumption requirements;
[0049] 5. The power supply circuit of the utility model is basically a patch component, and the overall space occupied is limited, so the limited space can be reasonably utilized.
[0050] The specific implementation methods described above are preferred implementation methods of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation scope of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model includes but is not limited to the specific implementation methods. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A power supply circuit with improved surge current protection performance, characterized in that: It includes a surge protection module, which includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a first resistor, a second resistor and a second capacitor, wherein: The two ends of the second switch unit are connected in series to the negative electrode line of the power supply, the control end is connected to one end of the first switch unit, one end of the first switch unit is also connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the first switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the control end of the first switch unit is connected between the second switch unit and the negative electrode output end of the power supply through a first resistor, and the second resistor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the second switch unit.
2. The power supply circuit for improving surge current impact protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surge protection module further includes a first capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the first resistor.
3. The power supply circuit for improving surge current impact protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surge protection module further includes one or more third resistors connected in parallel, one end of the third resistor is connected to the control end of the first switch unit, and the other end is connected to the power output end of the second switch unit.
4. The power supply circuit for improving surge current impact protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surge protection module further includes a first voltage stabilizing unit, which is connected in series between the control end of the first switch unit and the third resistor.
5. The power supply circuit for improving surge current impact protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch unit is a triode, and the second switch unit is a MOS tube or a switch tube.
6. The power supply circuit for improving surge current impact protection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-reverse connection module arranged at the input end of the surge protection module.
7. The power supply circuit for improving surge current protection performance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anti-reverse connection module is a diode.
8. The power supply circuit for improving surge current protection performance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anti-reverse connection module includes a fourth resistor and a third switch unit connected in series to the negative electrode line of the power supply, and the control end of the third switch unit is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the fourth resistor.
9. The power supply circuit for improving surge current impact protection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anti-reverse connection module further includes a fifth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor is connected between the control end of the third switch unit and the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output end of the third switch unit.
10. The power supply circuit with improved surge current protection performance according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anti-reverse connection module further includes a third capacitor and a second voltage stabilizing unit. The third capacitor and the second voltage stabilizing unit are respectively connected in parallel at both ends of the fourth resistor.