Solid hazardous waste salt regeneration device

Abstract

The utility model provides a solid hazardous waste salt regeneration device which comprises a solid hazardous waste salt refining system, a potassium sulfate preparation system, a baking soda reaction system and an ammonium chloride preparation system, and the solid hazardous waste salt refining system comprises a waste salt cracking furnace, a waste salt dissolving tank, a plate and frame filter and a mirabilite system. The potassium sulfate preparation system comprises a mirabilite liquid preparation kettle, a first-stage conversion kettle, a centrifugal machine, a second-stage conversion kettle and a multi-effect evaporation unit, the baking soda reaction system comprises a multi-channel reactor, a two-way reactor, a baking soda refining system and a baking soda drying machine, and the ammonium chloride preparation system comprises a cold precipitation crystallizer and a salting-out crystallizer. The device is high in recovery rate and low in recovery cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid and hazardous waste salt treatment, and particularly relates to a solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device. Background Art

[0002] Industrial waste salt is waste generated during industrial production, mainly from various production processes in industry, such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, fertilizers, etc. According to statistics: fine chemical industry, high-concentration wastewater, printing and dyeing, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, metallurgical industry, phosphorus chemical industry, new energy industry lithium iron phosphate, ternary cathode materials, coal chemical industry, coal chemical solid hazardous waste salt annually produces more than 30 million tons / year. These waste salts contain a large amount of harmful substances, such as heavy metals, toxic organic matter and radioactive substances. Some heavy metal elements such as lead, mercury, cadmium, etc. can cause serious damage to the human nervous system, immune system and reproductive system; some organic pollutants such as benzene and toluene are carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic, etc. Due to their complex composition and high harmfulness, how to safely and effectively dispose of these waste salts has become an important issue in the field of environmental protection. The disposal methods of waste salt usually include landfill, incineration, chemical method and biological method. The landfill method is to transport the waste salt to a designated landfill site, and isolate it from the environment after layered landfill, covering, compaction and other steps. Incineration is a high-temperature treatment method, that is, waste salt is mixed with fuel and then sent to an incinerator for combustion. At high temperatures, harmful substances in waste salt are oxidized, decomposed, and finally converted into harmless substances. Chemical method is a method of converting harmful substances in waste salt into harmless or low-toxic substances through chemical reactions. Biological method is a method of converting harmful substances in waste salt into harmless or low-toxic substances by using the metabolism of microorganisms. The disposal of waste salt is a complex and important environmental issue. In order to ensure the safe disposal of waste salt, we need to choose a suitable treatment method according to the actual situation. Of course, waste salt also contains many valuable chemical resources, which can be reused through a series of treatment methods, thereby reducing resource waste and environmental pollution. For example, copper can be extracted by leaching copper, and iron oxide can be obtained after precipitation treatment. The salt in the waste salt is converted into organic acids, biomass and gas by using bacterial flora. Chinese patent application CN 105293531 A discloses a refining treatment method for by-product industrial salt, which obtains pure white salt crystals by the method of "dissolution-adsorption-spray drying-medium temperature calcination-dissolution-ultrafiltration-concentration". The above waste salt recovery process is long and can only produce one by-product, with a low recovery rate and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the utility model is the low recycling rate and high cost in the existing waste salt treatment technology.

[0004] The utility model provides a solid hazardous waste salt regeneration device, including a solid hazardous waste salt refining system, a potassium sulfate preparation system, a baking soda reaction system, and an ammonium chloride preparation system. The solid hazardous waste salt refining system includes a waste salt cracking furnace, a waste salt dissolving tank, a plate-frame filter, and a mirabilite system which are sequentially connected through pipelines. The waste salt cracking furnace is provided with a waste salt connection pipe, the plate-frame filter is provided with an impurity discharge pipe, the mirabilite system is provided with a mirabilite solid output pipe, the potassium sulfate preparation system includes a mirabilite liquid preparation kettle, a primary conversion kettle, a centrifuge, a secondary conversion kettle, and a multi-effect evaporation unit. The thenardite liquid preparation kettle, the primary conversion kettle, the centrifuge, and the secondary conversion kettle are connected in sequence through pipelines. The thenardite liquid preparation kettle is connected to the thenardite solid output pipe. The primary conversion kettle is also provided with a first potassium chloride solid input pipe and a first water input pipe. The centrifuge is provided with a potassium glauberite solid output pipe and a potassium glauberite mother liquor output pipe. The multi-effect evaporation unit is connected to the potassium glauberite mother liquor output pipe. The multi-effect evaporation unit is provided with a sodium chloride solid output pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is connected to the potassium glauberite solid output pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is provided with a second potassium chloride input pipe, a second water input pipe, and a conversion agent. The secondary conversion kettle is also provided with a potassium sulfate solid output pipe. The baking soda reaction system includes a multi-channel reactor, a two-way reactor, a baking soda refining system, and a baking soda dryer. The multi-channel reactor is connected to the sodium chloride solid output pipe. The multi-channel reactor is also provided with a carbon ammonium solid input pipe, a single-way solid output pipe and a single-way mother liquor output pipe. The two-way reactor is respectively connected to the single-way mother liquor output pipe and the sodium chloride solid output pipe. The two-way reactor is also provided with a promoter input pipe, a two-way solid output pipe, a two-way mother liquor output pipe, and a baking soda refining system. They are respectively connected to the single-pass solid output pipe and the double-pass solid output pipe, the baking soda refining system is connected to the baking soda dryer, the baking soda dryer is provided with a baking soda output pipe, the ammonium chloride preparation system comprises a cold precipitation crystallizer and a salting-out crystallizer which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the cold precipitation crystallizer is connected to the double-pass mother liquor output pipe, the cold precipitation crystallizer is provided with a particle growth agent input pipe and an ammonium chloride solid output pipe, the salting-out crystallizer is connected to the sodium chloride solid output pipe, the salting-out crystallizer is provided with an ammonium chloride slurry output pipe, and the ammonium chloride slurry output pipe is connected to the cold precipitation crystallizer.

[0005] Furthermore, the mirabilite system is also provided with a refrigerated mother liquor reflux pipe, which is connected to the waste salt dissolution tank.

[0006] Furthermore, the secondary conversion kettle is also provided with a potassium mother liquor reflux pipe, and the potassium mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the mirabilite preparation kettle.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple-effect evaporation system is provided with a salt mother liquor reflux pipe and an evaporation condensate output pipe, the salt mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the mirabilite liquid preparation kettle, and the evaporation condensate output pipe is respectively connected to the primary conversion kettle and the secondary conversion kettle.

[0008] Furthermore, the salting-out crystallizer is also provided with an overflow mother liquor reflux pipe, and the overflow mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the multi-channel reactor.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-channel reactor and the dual-pass reactor are equipped with multiple separate reaction units.

[0010] Furthermore, the baking soda dryer is a fluidized bed dryer, which uses hot air heated by steam to dry the baking soda in the fluidized bed so that its water content meets the standard requirements of industrial baking soda.

[0011] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device of the utility model utilizes the solid and hazardous waste salt refining system, potassium sulfate preparation system, baking soda reaction system, and ammonium chloride preparation system to regenerate industrial-grade baking soda for sale, and obtains agricultural potassium sulfate and ammonium chloride as byproducts, which can be sold as agricultural fertilizers to improve the economic benefits of the enterprise, reduce the operating costs of the enterprise, realize the comprehensive utilization of waste salt resources, and solve the problem of waste salt treatment in the industry. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device of the utility model is equipped with a frozen mother liquor reflux pipe, a potassium mother salt reflux pipe, a salt mother salt reflux pipe, an evaporation condensate reflux pipe, and a salting-out crystallizer overflow mother liquor reflux pipe, which realizes the recycling and reuse of multiple raw materials, maximizes the optimal utilization of waste salt, thereby reducing resource waste and environmental pollution, and the regeneration process is smooth and low-cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 , Schematic diagram of the solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the solution is described below through specific implementation methods and in combination with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0014] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, a solid and hazardous waste mixed salt regeneration device includes a solid and hazardous waste salt refining system 1, a potassium sulfate preparation system 2, a baking soda reaction system 3, and an ammonium chloride preparation system 4.

[0016] The solid and hazardous waste salt refining system 1 includes a waste salt cracking furnace, a waste salt dissolving tank, a plate and frame filter, and a Glauber's salt system which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The waste salt cracking furnace is provided with a waste salt receiving pipe, the plate and frame filter is provided with an impurity discharge pipe, the Glauber's salt system is provided with a Glauber's salt solid output pipe, and the Glauber's salt system is also provided with a frozen mother liquor reflux pipe, which is connected to the waste salt dissolving tank.

[0017] The potassium sulfate preparation system 2 comprises a sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle, a primary conversion kettle, a centrifuge, a secondary conversion kettle, and a multiple-effect evaporation unit. The sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle, the primary conversion kettle, the centrifuge, and the secondary conversion kettle are connected in sequence through pipelines. The sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle is connected to a sodium sulfate solid output pipe. The primary conversion kettle is also provided with a first potassium chloride solid input pipe and a first water input pipe. The centrifuge is provided with a potassium sulfate solid output pipe and a potassium sulfate mother liquor output pipe. The multiple-effect evaporation unit is connected to the potassium sulfate mother liquor output pipe. The multiple-effect evaporation unit is provided with a sodium chloride solid output pipe. The multiple-effect evaporation system is also provided with a salt mother liquor reflux pipe and an evaporation condensate output pipe. The salt mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle. The evaporation condensate output pipe is respectively connected to the primary conversion kettle and the secondary conversion kettle. The secondary conversion kettle is connected to the potassium sulfate solid output pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is provided with a second potassium chloride input pipe, a second water input pipe, and a conversion agent input pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is also provided with a potassium sulfate solid output pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is also provided with a potassium mother liquor reflux pipe, and the potassium mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the sodium sulfate preparation kettle.

[0018] The baking soda reaction system 3 includes a multi-channel reactor, a two-way reactor, a baking soda refining system, and a baking soda dryer. The multi-channel reactor and the two-way reactor are equipped with multiple separate reaction units to make the reaction more uniform and sufficient. The multi-channel reactor is connected to the sodium chloride solid output pipe. The multi-channel reactor is also provided with a carbon ammonium solid input pipe, a single-way solid output pipe and a single-way mother liquor output pipe. The two-way reactor is respectively connected to the single-way mother liquor output pipe and the sodium chloride solid output pipe. The two-way reactor is also provided with a promoter input pipe, a two-way solid output pipe, and a two-way mother liquor output pipe. The baking soda refining system is respectively connected to the single-way solid output pipe and the two-way solid output pipe. The baking soda refining system is connected to the baking soda dryer, and the baking soda dryer is provided with a baking soda output pipe.

[0019] The ammonium chloride preparation system 4 includes a cold crystallizer and a salting-out crystallizer which are connected in sequence by pipelines. The cold crystallizer is connected to a two-way mother liquor output pipe. The cold crystallizer is provided with a particle growth agent input pipe and an ammonium chloride solid output pipe. The salting-out crystallizer is connected to a sodium chloride solid output pipe. The salting-out crystallizer is provided with an ammonium chloride slurry output pipe, which is connected to the cold crystallizer. The salting-out crystallizer is also provided with an overflow mother liquor reflux pipe, which is connected to a multi-channel reactor.

[0020] The solid-hazardous waste mixed salt regeneration method using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0021] In the first step, solid and hazardous waste salt enters the waste salt cracking furnace through the waste salt receiving pipe, and the COD in the waste salt is treated by high-temperature anaerobic cracking. The waste salt cracking furnace cracks the large molecular organic matter in the solid and hazardous waste salt into small molecular organic gas. The gas containing small molecular organic matter passes through the bag dust collector to remove large dust particles, and then enters the interlayer of the waste salt cracking furnace as fuel, and serves as a supplementary heat source for the cracking of solid and hazardous waste salt. The cracked waste salt enters the waste salt dissolution tank, and after dissolution, reagents and carbon-based adsorbents are added, and then it enters the plate and frame filter to remove impurities and obtain a sodium sulfate mixed salt solution. The sodium sulfate mixed salt solution enters the Glauber's salt system, is cooled by refrigeration water, and then the Glauber's salt solid is precipitated.

[0022] In the second step, the Glauber's salt solid enters the Glauber's salt liquid preparation kettle to be prepared into Glauber's salt solution. The Glauber's salt solution enters the primary conversion kettle, potassium chloride solid and water are added, and the slurry generated by the reaction enters the centrifuge to separate the potassium glauber's salt solid and the separation mother liquor. The separation mother liquor enters the multi-effect evaporation system, evaporates and crystallizes to obtain sodium chloride solid, and the separated salt mother liquor returns to the Glauber's salt liquid preparation kettle and is recycled for the continued preparation of Glauber's salt solution. The potassium glauber's salt solid enters the secondary conversion kettle, potassium chloride solid and water are added, and the reaction generates potassium sulfate solid. The separated potassium mother liquor returns to the Glauber's salt liquid preparation system and is recycled for the continued preparation of potassium sulfate.

[0023] In the third step, the sodium chloride solid enters the multi-channel reactor, and the ammonium carbonate solid is added to react and centrifuge to obtain a single-pass sodium bicarbonate solid and a single-pass mother liquor. The single-pass solid enters the baking soda refining system, and the single-pass mother liquor enters the double-pass reactor, and sodium chloride and a promoter are added to react. After centrifugation, a double-pass solid and a double-pass mother liquor are obtained. The double-pass sodium bicarbonate solid also enters the baking soda refining system, and ammonium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, and sodium chloride in the single-pass solid and the double-pass solid are removed, so that the refined product baking soda meets the industrial-grade baking soda standard, and enters the baking soda dryer after refining. The baking soda dryer adopts a fluidized bed dryer, and uses steam-heated hot air to dry the baking soda in the fluidized bed, so that its water content meets the industrial baking soda standard requirements. The above-mentioned promoter is used to improve the conversion rate of ammonium bicarbonate and sodium chloride in the single-pass mother liquor, and the promoter component is one or two of organic amines, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.

[0024] In the fourth step, the double-pass mother liquor enters the cold crystallizer, a particle growth agent is added, and the ammonium chloride solid product, the centrifugal mother liquor, and the cold crystallization overflow liquid are separated by cooling and crystallization. The cold crystallization overflow liquid and the centrifugal mother liquor enter the salting-out crystallizer, sodium chloride solid is added, and the ammonium chloride slurry is precipitated by reaction. The ammonium chloride slurry is refluxed into the cold crystallizer to continue to produce ammonium chloride solid, and the salting-out crystallizer overflow mother liquor is refluxed into the multi-channel reactor to continue to produce baking soda. The above-mentioned particle growth agent is used to promote the formation of ammonium chloride solid with more uniform particles and larger grains in the cold crystallizer, and the particle growth agent is one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate.

[0025] Other parts of the present invention not described in detail belong to the prior art and will not be described here.

[0026] It is understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and those skilled in the art are aware that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device, characterized in that: Including solid and hazardous waste salt refining system, potassium sulfate preparation system, baking soda reaction system, ammonium chloride preparation system, The solid hazardous waste salt refining system comprises a waste salt cracking furnace, a waste salt dissolving tank, a plate-frame filter, and a sodium sulfate system which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The waste salt cracking furnace is provided with a waste salt receiving pipe, the plate-frame filter is provided with an impurity discharge pipe, and the sodium sulfate system is provided with a sodium sulfate solid output pipe. The potassium sulfate preparation system comprises a sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle, a primary conversion kettle, a centrifuge, a secondary conversion kettle, and a multi-effect evaporation unit. The sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle, the primary conversion kettle, the centrifuge, and the secondary conversion kettle are connected in sequence through pipelines. The sodium sulfate liquid preparation kettle is connected to a sodium sulfate solid output pipe. The primary conversion kettle is also provided with a first potassium chloride solid input pipe and a first water input pipe. The centrifuge is provided with a potassium sulfate solid output pipe and a potassium sulfate mother liquor output pipe. The multi-effect evaporation unit is connected to the potassium sulfate mother liquor output pipe. The multi-effect evaporation unit is provided with a sodium chloride solid output pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is connected to the potassium sulfate solid output pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is provided with a second potassium chloride input pipe, a second water input pipe, and a conversion agent input pipe. The secondary conversion kettle is also provided with a potassium sulfate solid output pipe. The baking soda reaction system comprises a multi-channel reactor, a two-way reactor, a baking soda refining system, and a baking soda dryer. The multi-channel reactor is connected to a sodium chloride solid output pipe, the multi-channel reactor is also provided with a carbon ammonium solid input pipe, a single-way solid output pipe, and a single-way mother liquor output pipe, the two-way reactor is respectively connected to the single-way mother liquor output pipe and the sodium chloride solid output pipe, the two-way reactor is also provided with a promoter input pipe, a two-way solid output pipe, and a two-way mother liquor output pipe, the baking soda refining system is respectively connected to the single-way solid output pipe and the two-way solid output pipe, the baking soda refining system is connected to the baking soda dryer, and the baking soda dryer is provided with a baking soda output pipe, The ammonium chloride preparation system comprises a cold precipitation crystallizer and a salting-out crystallizer which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The cold precipitation crystallizer is connected to a two-way mother liquor output pipe. The cold precipitation crystallizer is provided with a particle growth agent input pipe and an ammonium chloride solid output pipe. The salting-out crystallizer is connected to a sodium chloride solid output pipe. The salting-out crystallizer is provided with an ammonium chloride slurry output pipe, and the ammonium chloride slurry output pipe is connected to the cold precipitation crystallizer.

2. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mirabilite system is also provided with a refrigerated mother liquor reflux pipe, which is connected to the waste salt dissolution tank.

3. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The secondary conversion kettle is also provided with a potassium mother liquor reflux pipe, and the potassium mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the mirabilite preparation kettle.

4. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-effect evaporation unit is provided with a salt mother liquor reflux pipe and an evaporation condensate output pipe, the salt mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the mirabilite liquid preparation kettle, and the evaporation condensate output pipe is respectively connected to the primary conversion kettle and the secondary conversion kettle.

5. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The salting-out crystallizer is also provided with an overflow mother liquor reflux pipe, and the overflow mother liquor reflux pipe is connected to the multi-channel reactor.

6. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-channel reactor and the dual-pass reactor are equipped with a plurality of separate reaction units.

7. The solid and hazardous waste salt regeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The baking soda dryer is a fluidized bed dryer, which dries baking soda in a fluidized bed using hot air heated by steam.

Images