Low-temperature dry distillation furnace
By designing a layered dislocation low-temperature distillation furnace, the misalignment setting of the dislocation tube and the heat exchange tube is used to solve the problem of poor drying effect of pulverized coal, and the low-temperature distillation and cooling of pulverized coal are achieved, ensuring the retention of pulverized coal's characteristics , provides suitable conditions for high-temperature dry distillation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420992599.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-08
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult for existing dry distillation furnaces to effectively dry the pulverized coal, resulting in poor drying effect of the pulverized coal and cannot be directly distilled. It needs to be dried first and then distilled.
A low-temperature distillation furnace is designed, including a layered distillation tube and a heat exchange tube, and two adjacent layers are misaligned, equipped with a gas collector, a discharge spray cooling device and a discharge spray cooling device to ensure the energy of the pulverized coal. Dry distillation and cooling under low temperature conditions to avoid poor drying caused by small pulverized coal gap.
Low-temperature dry distillation of pulverized coal is achieved to ensure that the characteristics of pulverized coal are not destroyed, crystal water and volatile components are precipitated, and appropriate conditions are provided for subsequent high-temperature dry distillation.
Smart Images
Figure CN222250594U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pulverized coal drying, in particular to a low-temperature dry distillation furnace. Background Art
[0002] The dry distillation furnace can only dry distill the coal that meets the requirements, such as clean coal, etc. Low-grade coal needs to be dried before dry distillation. Conventional drying furnaces can only dry low-grade lump coal. If pulverized coal is put into the drying furnace for drying, the gap between the pulverized coal is small, so the pulverized coal inverted in the center of the coal pile in the furnace has a poor drying effect, so the pulverized coal can only be used as fuel for other furnaces or burners. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a low-temperature dry distillation furnace capable of drying pulverized coal.
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a low-temperature retorting furnace, which comprises a furnace body and a gas collector, a retorting tube, a heat exchange tube, a discharge spray cooling device and a discharge spray cooling device arranged in the furnace body. The retorting tube, the heat exchange tube, the discharge spray cooling device and the discharge spray cooling device are distributed in the furnace body from top to bottom. The retorting tube is arranged in layers, and multiple layers of retorting tubes are arranged. The retorting tubes of two adjacent layers are staggered. A gas collector is arranged above each layer of retorting tubes. The heat exchange tube is arranged in layers, and multiple layers of the heat exchange tubes are arranged. The heat exchange tubes of two adjacent layers are staggered. A gas collector is arranged above each layer of heat exchange tubes. The discharge spray cooling device cools and removes dust from the pulverized coal after retorting. A gas collector is arranged above the discharge spray cooling device. The discharge spray cooling device is located at the outlet of the furnace body. The gas collector is used to collect the oil-gas mixed gas generated in the furnace body. The discharge spray cooling device is used to assist in cooling the pulverized coal.
[0005] Furthermore, the furnace body has a first inner cavity, a second inner cavity, a third inner cavity, a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, the first inner cavity, the second inner cavity and the third inner cavity are connected in sequence, the pulverized coal moves in the first inner cavity, the second inner cavity and the third inner cavity to complete low-temperature carbonization, the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are independent of each other, and the oil and gas collected by the collector are sent to the corresponding first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber.
[0006] Further, the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are all interlayers of the furnace body, or the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are all inner chambers of an integrated box of the furnace body provided with the first inner chamber, the second inner chamber and the third inner chamber.
[0007] Furthermore, the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are each provided with a baffle for changing the flow direction.
[0008] Furthermore, the gas collector includes a gas collecting pipe and a gas collecting hood, and each gas collecting pipe is provided with a plurality of gas collecting hoods.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an oil and gas suction device, an oil and gas spray cooling device, a low-temperature dry distillation purification device and an oil and gas buffer tank which are connected in sequence through pipelines, the gas collector is connected to the oil and gas suction device directly or through the furnace body, the oil and gas suction device is used to suck out the oil and gas mixed gas and send it to the oil and gas spray cooling device, the oil and gas spray cooling device cools the oil and gas mixed gas, the low-temperature dry distillation purification device is used to purify the oil and gas to remove particulate matter, the oil and gas storage tank is used to store oil and gas for use by the oil and gas suction device, and the oil and gas suction device uses the purified oil and gas for backblowing to avoid dust accumulation in the pipeline between the oil and gas suction device and the furnace body.
[0010] Furthermore, the oil and gas suction device includes a first suction fan, a second suction fan and a boosting device, the first suction fan is connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device and the furnace body through a pipeline, the pipeline between the first suction fan and the furnace body is connected to a boosting device, the second suction fan is connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device and the furnace body through a pipeline, the pipeline between the second suction fan and the furnace body is connected to a boosting device, the boosting device is connected to the oil and gas buffer tank through a pipeline, and the boosting device is used to pressurize the oil and gas in the oil and gas buffer tank and blow it toward the furnace body.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature compensation device, which is connected to the distillation pipe through a pipeline, and the oil and gas spray cooling device is connected to the temperature compensation device through a pipeline to supply oil and gas to the temperature compensation device, and the temperature compensation device burns the oil and gas to increase the temperature of the distillation gas.
[0012] Furthermore, both ends of the heat exchange tube are connected to a cold water storage device and a hot water storage device, and the hot water storage device is connected to a circulating water cooling device.
[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a powder removal device for opening the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber, and the powder removal device is a dust removal door or a double-chamber double-gate structure arranged on the furnace body.
[0014] The low-temperature retorting furnace of the utility model utilizes the retorting tubes and the heat exchange tubes arranged in layers to carry out retorting and cooling. Meanwhile, the retorting tubes and the heat exchange tubes of two adjacent layers are staggered, so that even if it is pulverized coal, the central area of the pulverized coal can be retorted and cooled, and the low-temperature retorting is completed, and the crystal water and the volatile matter are precipitated without destroying the characteristics of the pulverized coal. Thus, the product after the low-temperature retorting can be used to make molded coke in the high-temperature retorting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the low-temperature retort furnace of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the furnace body.
[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the staggered arrangement of the distillation tubes.
[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the unloading spray cooling device.
[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the discharge spray cooling device.
[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oil and gas suction device.
[0021] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the furnace body.
[0022] The meanings of the symbols in the accompanying drawings are:
[0023] Furnace body 1, first inner cavity 11, second inner cavity 12, third inner cavity 13, first chamber 14, second chamber 15, third chamber 16, preheating section 17, dry distillation section 18, cooling section 19, unloading section 10, discharge port 1011, smoke outlet 1012, hopper 102, gas collector 103, gas collecting pipe 1031, gas collecting hood 1032, dry distillation pipe 104, heat exchange pipe 105, unloading device 106, unloading spray cooling device 107, discharge Material spray cooling device 108, integrated box 109, baffle 1091, flue gas treatment device 2, oil and gas suction device 3, first suction fan 31, second suction fan 32, first back blower 33, second back blower 34, powder removal device 4, oil and gas spray cooling device 51, low-temperature dry distillation purification device 52, oil and gas buffer tank 53, cold water storage device 61, circulating water cooling device 62, hot water storage device 63, temperature compensation device 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0025] It should be noted that the low-temperature retort of the utility model can be adapted not only to pulverized coal but also to other types of coal such as lump coal. This embodiment is described by taking pulverized coal as an example.
[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the preferred embodiment of the low-temperature dry distillation furnace of the utility model includes a furnace body 1, a flue gas treatment device 2, an oil and gas suction device 3, a powder removal device 4, an oil and gas spray cooling device 51, a low-temperature dry distillation purification device 52, an oil and gas buffer tank 53, a cold water storage device 61, a circulating water cooling device 62, a hot water storage device 63 and a temperature compensation device 8. The furnace body 1 is used for low-temperature dry distillation of pulverized coal. The furnace body 1 produces pulverized coal after low-temperature dry distillation, and at the same time, produces flue gas and oil and gas mixed gas. The smoke outlet 1012 of the furnace body 1 is connected to the flue gas treatment device 2. The flue gas treatment device 2 purifies the flue gas to ensure that the discharged flue gas meets the emission standards. The flue gas treatment device 2 is an existing device, and its specific structure and working principle are not repeated here. The oil and gas suction device 3 is connected to the furnace body 1 to suck out the oil and gas mixed gas. The oil-gas suction device 3 sends the sucked oil-gas mixture to the oil-gas spray cooling device 51, and the oil-gas spray cooling device 51 cools the oil-gas mixture. The oil-gas spray cooling device 51 is an existing device, and its specific structure and working principle are not repeated here. A part of the oil-gas mixture purified by the oil-gas spray cooling device 51 is sent to the low-temperature dry distillation purification device 52, and the remaining part of the oil-gas mixture is sent to the temperature compensation device 8 and external use. The low-temperature dry distillation purification device 52 is used to purify oil and gas to filter out particulate matter in the oil and gas; the low-temperature dry distillation purification device 52 is a filter that can filter particulate matter. The powder removal device 4 is used to discharge dust from the furnace body 1. The temperature compensation device 8 is connected to the furnace body 1 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is connected to the gas source of the dry distillation gas. The temperature compensation device 8 is a burner, which burns the oil and gas to increase the temperature of the dry distillation gas, ensure the dry distillation temperature of the furnace body 1, and usually maintain the temperature of the furnace body 1 at 350-400°C, so that the moisture, crystal water and volatiles in the pulverized coal can be separated out. The pulverized coal is put into the furnace body 1 for low-temperature dry distillation, and the water gas generated during the dry distillation process is sucked out from the furnace body 1 through the oil and gas suction device 3. The sucked oil and gas mixed gas is sent to the oil and gas spray cooling device 51 for cooling, and then the low-temperature oil and gas are sent to the low-temperature dry distillation purification device 52 to remove impurities such as dust in the oil and gas mixed gas. The oil and gas after impurities are removed are sent to the oil and gas storage tank for storage, which is convenient for the use of the oil and gas suction device 3. The oil and gas suction device 3 uses the purified oil and gas for backwashing to avoid dust accumulation in the pipeline and pipeline port between the oil and gas suction device 3 and the furnace body 1, which can ensure the long-term use of the oil and gas suction device 3.
[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the furnace body 1 is provided with a hopper 102, a furnace body 1, a gas collector 103, a carbonization tube 104, a heat exchange tube 105, a discharge device 106, a discharge spray cooling device 107 and a discharge spray cooling device 108. The hopper 102 is arranged at the top of the furnace body 1, and the hopper 102 is arranged to facilitate feeding. The carbonization tube 104, the gas collector 103, the heat exchange tube 105, the discharge device 106, the discharge spray cooling device 107 and the discharge spray cooling device 108 are all arranged in the furnace body 1, and the carbonization tube 104, the heat exchange tube 105, the discharge device 106, the discharge spray cooling device 107 and the discharge spray cooling device 108 are distributed from top to bottom in the furnace body 1. The smoke outlet 1012 is arranged on the furnace body 1, and the smoke outlet 1012 is used to discharge smoke. The dry distillation tube 104 is used for dry distillation of pulverized coal. The dry distillation tube 104 is connected to the temperature compensation device 8 through a pipeline. The dry distillation tube 104 is arranged in layers, and multiple layers of dry distillation tubes 104 are arranged. The dry distillation tubes 104 of two adjacent layers are staggered so that the pulverized coal can contact the dry distillation tubes 104 in all directions, thereby ensuring the dry distillation effect of the pulverized coal; a gas collector 103 is arranged above each layer of the dry distillation tube 104. The gas collector 103 located above the dry distillation tube 104 is connected to the furnace body 1, and the gas collector 103 is used to collect the oil-gas mixed gas generated by the dry distillation of the pulverized coal, and transmit the collected gas to the corresponding oil-gas suction device 3 through the furnace body 1. The heat exchange tube 105 is used to absorb the heat of the pulverized coal, so as to reduce the temperature of the pulverized coal after dry distillation. The water inlet end of the heat exchange tube 105 is connected to the cold water storage device 61, and the water outlet end of the heat exchange tube 105 is connected to the hot water storage device 63. The hot water storage device 63 can also be connected to the external water for use outside the dry distillation system of the present invention. The hot water storage device 63 is connected to the circulating water cooling device 62 through a pipeline, and the circulating water cooling device 62 is connected to the cold water storage device 61 through a pipeline; the heat exchange tube 105 is arranged in layers, and multiple layers of the heat exchange tube 105 are arranged. The heat exchange tubes 105 of the adjacent two layers are staggered, so that the pulverized coal after dry distillation can contact the heat exchange tube 105 in all directions, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect of the pulverized coal after dry distillation; a gas collector 103 is arranged above each layer of heat exchange tube 105. The unloading device 106 sends the cooled dry distilled pulverized coal to the bottom to ensure the uniformity of the discharge. The gas collector 103 located above the heat exchange tube 105 is connected to the furnace body 1. The gas collector 103 is used to collect the oil-gas mixture generated by the pulverized coal during the cooling process, and transmit the collected gas to the corresponding oil-gas suction device 3 through the furnace body 1. The unloading spray cooling device 107 cools the pulverized coal after dry distillation discharged by the unloading device 106 and removes the floating dust in the furnace, ensuring that the dust in the furnace will not float again but settle on the pulverized coal and flow with the pulverized coal; the gas collector 103 is arranged above and below the unloading spray cooling device 107, and the gas collector 103 is connected to the furnace body 1, and transmits the collected gas to the corresponding oil-gas suction device 3 through the furnace body 1.The discharge spray cooling device 108 is located at the outlet of the furnace body 1, and is used to assist in cooling the pulverized coal. At the same time, the discharge spray device forms a separation wall at the discharge port 1011, and the separation wall can prevent oil and gas from overflowing from the discharge port 1011, while the pulverized coal can pass through the separation wall under the action of gravity, so that the pulverized coal can pass through but the oil and gas cannot. In other embodiments, the gas collector 103 can also be directly connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device 51.
[0028] The furnace body 1 comprises a first inner cavity 11 , a second inner cavity 12 , a third inner cavity 13 , a first chamber 14 , a second chamber 15 and a third chamber 16 . The first inner cavity 11, the second inner cavity 12 and the third inner cavity 13 are connected in sequence, and the pulverized coal moves in the first inner cavity 11, the second inner cavity 12 and the third inner cavity 13 to complete low-temperature carbonization. The carbonization pipe 104 and the corresponding gas collector 103 are arranged in the first inner cavity 11, the heat exchange pipe 105 and the corresponding gas collector 103 are arranged in the second inner cavity 12, and the unloading device 106, the unloading spray cooling device 107 and the corresponding gas collector 103 are arranged in the third inner cavity 13; the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 are independent of each other, and the oil and gas collected by the collector are sent to the corresponding first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16, and the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 are respectively connected to an oil and gas suction device and a powder removal device 4, and the powder removal device 4 discharges the dust in the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16. The furnace body 1 is divided into a preheating section 17, a dry distillation section 18, a cooling section 19 and a discharge section 10, and the preheating section 17, the dry distillation section 18, the cooling section 19 and the discharge section 10 are connected in sequence. The preheating section 17 is integrated with the dry distillation section 18, the first chamber 14 and the first inner cavity 11 are both arranged on the preheating section 17 and the dry distillation section 18, the hopper 102 is installed on the preheating section 17, the preheating section 17 is used to preheat the pulverized coal, the smoke outlet 1012 is arranged on the preheating section 17, the top of the preheating section 17 is provided with an oil and gas through hole, and the oil and gas through hole connects the working chamber with the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the second inner cavity 12 are arranged in the cooling section 19, and the third chamber 16 and the third inner cavity 13 are arranged in the discharge section 10.
[0029] The first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 are all interlayers of the furnace body 1. In other embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 can also be integrated boxes 109 respectively arranged in the first inner chamber 11, the second inner chamber 12 and the third inner chamber 13, and the dust collecting box is provided with a connecting hole with the first inner chamber 11, the second inner chamber 12 and the third inner chamber 13. The dust collecting box has a chamber, and the chambers of the three dust collecting boxes are respectively used as the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16. The first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 are all provided with a baffle 1091, and the baffle 1091 is fixed on the top of the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16. The height of the baffle 1091 is less than the height of the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16, ensuring that the interior of the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 are connected to ensure that the gas can flow smoothly, thereby entering the oil and gas suction device outside the furnace body 1. When dust enters the first chamber 14, it must pass through the bottom of the first chamber 14 due to the obstruction of the deflector 1091, so that most of the dust is deposited at the bottom of the first chamber 14, and only a small amount of dust is discharged with the oil and gas; the same applies to the oil and gas mixture in the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16.
[0030] The dust removal device is an ash removal door or a double-chamber double-gate structure arranged on the furnace body 1. When it is an ash removal door, it is usually in a closed state. During the maintenance period, the ash removal door is opened to clean the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16; the double-chamber double-gate structure can be cleaned online, that is, it can be cleaned at any time during the operation of the furnace body 1. The double-chamber double-gate structure is an existing conventional technology and will not be repeated here.
[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the gas collector 103 includes a gas collecting pipe 1031 and a gas collecting cover 1032. Each gas collecting pipe 1031 is provided with a plurality of gas collecting covers 1032. The gas collecting covers 1032 are used to increase the area for collecting oil and gas.
[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the unloading spray cooling device 107 is a plurality of spray pipes, each of which is provided with a spray hole 1071. The spray hole 1071 sprays cold water to cool the pulverized coal in the unloading section 10 and deposits dust on the pulverized coal.
[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, the discharge spray cooling device 108 includes two rows of nozzles arranged opposite to each other, both rows of nozzles are oriented toward the middle of the discharge port 1011, and the nozzles spray cooling water, and the temperature of the pulverized coal discharge can be controlled by adjusting the amount of sprayed water.
[0034] like Figure 6As shown, the oil and gas suction device 3 includes a first suction fan 31, a second suction fan 32, a first back-blowing fan 33, and a second back-blowing fan 34. The first suction fan 31 and the second suction fan 32 are connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device 51 and the furnace body 1 through pipelines. The first back-blowing fan 33 is connected to the pipeline between the first suction fan 31 and the furnace body 1. The first back-blowing fan 33 is connected to the oil and gas buffer tank 53 through a pipeline. The first back-blowing fan 33 is used to pressurize the oil and gas in the oil and gas buffer tank 53 and blow it into the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 or the third chamber 16 of the furnace body 1. The second suction fan 31 and the second suction fan 32 are connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device 51 and the furnace body 1 through pipelines. A second back-blowing fan 34 is connected to the pipeline between the air fan 32 and the furnace body 1 to pressurize the oil and gas in the oil and gas buffer tank 53 and send it into the pipeline between the first suction fan 31 and the furnace body 1, thereby removing dust in the pipeline and at the pipeline opening; the second back-blowing fan 34 is connected to the oil and gas buffer tank 53 through a pipeline, and the second back-blowing fan 34 is used to pressurize the oil and gas in the oil and gas buffer tank 53 and blow it toward the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 or the third chamber 16 of the furnace body 1, so as to pressurize the oil and gas in the oil and gas buffer tank 53 and send it into the pipeline between the second suction fan 32 and the furnace body 1, thereby removing dust in the pipeline and at the pipeline opening. When in use, taking the first chamber 14 as an example, when the oil-gas mixture needs to be sucked out, the first suction fan 31 or the second suction fan 32 can be started, and either one of them can be selected; when the first suction fan 31 inhales air, the first anti-blowing fan 33 stops working, and the second anti-blowing fan 34 is started according to demand, which can be started intermittently, or for a certain period of time, or always until the second blower is started; when the second suction fan 32 inhales air, the second anti-blowing fan 34 stops working, and the first anti-blowing fan 33 is also started according to demand. In other embodiments, other boosting equipment that can increase pressure, such as a booster pump, can also be used to replace the first anti-blowing fan 33 and the second anti-blowing fan 34; of course, the first anti-blowing fan 33 and the second anti-blowing fan 34 are also unnecessary.
[0035] After the pulverized coal enters the furnace body 1 from the hopper 102, it is preheated in the preheating section 17 and then enters the dry distillation section 18 for dry distillation. The temperature of the dry distillation section 18 is controlled at 350-400°C to ensure that the crystal water, moisture and volatility in the pulverized coal can be analyzed out while retaining the characteristics of the pulverized coal, which is convenient for subsequent high-temperature dry distillation. The multi-layer dry distillation tube 104 and the heat exchange tube 105 are set up so that the gap between the pulverized coal is small and the middle of the pulverized coal can be dry distilled and cooled. In this way, even pulverized coal can be dry distilled using this system. At the same time, a gas collector 103 is set in the furnace body 1, so that the oil and gas precipitated from the pulverized coal can be well collected, and the oil and gas suction device 3 is used to suck it out, so that the oil and gas can be well collected. The collected oil and gas can also be back-blown to the first chamber 14, the second chamber 15 and the third chamber 16 to avoid clogging the pipeline, which can ensure that the oil and gas suction device 3 can operate for a long time.
[0036] The above are only implementation methods of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present utility model, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A low temperature retort furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body and a gas collector, a dry distillation tube, a heat exchange tube, a discharge spray cooling device and a discharge spray cooling device arranged in the furnace body, wherein the dry distillation tube, the heat exchange tube, the discharge spray cooling device and the discharge spray cooling device are distributed in the furnace body from top to bottom, the dry distillation tube is arranged in layers, and multiple layers of dry distillation tubes are arranged, and the dry distillation tubes of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and a gas collector is arranged above each layer of dry distillation tubes, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in layers, and multiple layers of heat exchange tubes are arranged, and the heat exchange tubes of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and a gas collector is arranged above each layer of heat exchange tubes, the discharge spray cooling device cools and removes dust from the pulverized coal after dry distillation, the discharge spray cooling device is arranged above the gas collector, the discharge spray cooling device is located at the outlet of the furnace body, the gas collector is used to collect the oil-gas mixed gas generated in the furnace body, and the discharge spray cooling device is used to assist in cooling the pulverized coal.
2. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body comprises a first inner cavity, a second inner cavity, a third inner cavity, a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber. The first inner cavity, the second inner cavity and the third inner cavity are connected in sequence. The pulverized coal moves in the first inner cavity, the second inner cavity and the third inner cavity to complete low-temperature carbonization. The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are independent of each other. The oil and gas collected by the collector are sent to the corresponding first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber.
3. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are all interlayers of the furnace body, or the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are all inner chambers of an integrated box of the furnace body arranged in the first inner chamber, the second inner chamber and the third inner chamber.
4. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are all provided with baffles for changing the flow direction.
5. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collector comprises a gas collecting pipe and a gas collecting cover, and each gas collecting pipe is provided with a plurality of gas collecting covers.
6. The low temperature retort furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes an oil and gas suction device, an oil and gas spray cooling device, a low-temperature dry distillation purification device and an oil and gas buffer tank which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The gas collector is connected to the oil and gas suction device directly or through the furnace body. The oil and gas suction device is used to suck out the oil and gas mixed gas and send it to the oil and gas spray cooling device. The oil and gas spray cooling device cools the oil and gas mixed gas. The low-temperature dry distillation purification device is used to purify the oil and gas to remove particulate matter. The oil and gas storage tank is used to store oil and gas for use by the oil and gas suction device. The oil and gas suction device uses the purified oil and gas for backblowing to avoid dust accumulation in the pipeline between the oil and gas suction device and the furnace body.
7. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil and gas suction device includes a first suction fan, a second suction fan and a boosting device, the first suction fan is connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device and the furnace body through a pipeline, the pipeline between the first suction fan and the furnace body is connected to a boosting device, the second suction fan is connected to the oil and gas spray cooling device and the furnace body through a pipeline, the pipeline between the second suction fan and the furnace body is connected to a boosting device, the boosting device is connected to the oil and gas buffer tank through a pipeline, and the boosting device is used to pressurize the oil and gas in the oil and gas buffer tank and blow it toward the furnace body.
8. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature compensation device, which is connected to the distillation pipe through a pipeline. The oil and gas spray cooling device is connected to the temperature compensation device through a pipeline to supply oil and gas to the temperature compensation device. The temperature compensation device burns the oil and gas to increase the temperature of the distillation gas.
9. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the heat exchange tube are connected with a cold water storage device and a hot water storage device, and the hot water storage device is connected with a circulating water cooling device.
10. The low temperature retort furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a powder removal device for opening the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber. The powder removal device is a dust removal door or a double-chamber double-gate structure arranged on the furnace body.