Adjustable bidirectional ratchet wheel oil cylinder

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable two-way ratchet oil cylinder which comprises a shell, a main piston rod is arranged in the shell, a ratchet shaft is rotatably connected in the shell, a gear ring is arranged on the ratchet shaft, a pushing assembly is arranged on the main piston rod, the pushing assembly comprises a shell, an advancing piston rod and an advancing pawl are arranged in the shell, and the advancing piston rod and the advancing pawl are arranged in the shell. The advancing piston rod drives the advancing pawl to rotate periodically, so that the advancing pawl is meshed with or separated from the gear ring periodically along with the main piston rod. By means of the mode, the adjustable two-way ratchet wheel oil cylinder can accurately adjust the rotation direction at any time, pawl pushing and locking are safe and reliable, the structure is compact, and the requirement for the installation space is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of oil cylinders, in particular to an adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process of mechanical equipment, the size and weight of parts are constantly increasing, and mechanisms for realizing intermittent motion in mechanical equipment are emerging in an endless stream. Among them, the ratchet cylinder, as a hydraulically driven intermittent motion cylinder, has an expanding application market.

[0003] Ratchet cylinders or ratchet mechanisms all have the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. It is impossible to achieve bidirectional intermittent rotational motion. Although the one-way ratchet cylinder can achieve one-way intermittent rotational motion without angle restriction, when the working condition requires adjusting the rotational direction, the opposite rotational motion can only be achieved by removing the one-way ratchet cylinder and installing it in the reverse position. On the one hand, the one-way ratchet cylinder needs to be arranged with two mounting surfaces, which increases the processing cost and is not easy to operate. Moreover, the ratchet cylinder is mostly used in heavy-load working environments, and it is very difficult to remove the ratchet cylinder and turn the mounting surface.

[0005] 2. There is a problem that the pawl is easy to loosen when the pawl and ratchet are engaged; the engagement of the pawl and the ratchet of an ordinary ratchet cylinder is mostly achieved through elastic parts. When working for a long time, the elastic parts (springs) are prone to fatigue failure, resulting in the pawl being unable to fit tightly with the ratchet, resulting in the ratchet being unable to work continuously and the ratchet being unable to rotate.

[0006] 3. The follow-up locking pawl can only work passively. The pawl may not be able to lock due to friction during the operation of the ratchet cylinder. Relying solely on the elastic force of the elastic part poses a great safety hazard. The follow-up pawl works passively and cannot respond in time when the elastic force is insufficient.

[0007] 4. Low energy efficiency: To achieve bidirectional rotation, most of them need to add oil circuits to drive different parts to rotate. Electric drive will also increase different branch drive modes accordingly. Low energy efficiency increases safety risks.

[0008] 5. It takes up a large space. To realize the bidirectional rotatable function, it is often necessary to provide a large installation space for the device, which is a challenge for some working environments with limited installation space. Utility Model Content

[0009] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide an adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder, which can realize accurate adjustment of the rotation direction at any time, and the ratchet pawl propulsion and locking are safe and reliable, with a compact structure and small installation space requirement.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide an adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder, including an outer shell, a main piston rod is arranged in the outer shell, a pushing assembly is arranged on the main piston rod, the pushing assembly includes a shell, a ratchet shaft is rotatably connected in the shell, the ratchet shaft has a gear ring, a traveling piston rod and a traveling pawl are arranged in the shell, the traveling piston rod drives the traveling pawl to rotate periodically, so that the traveling pawl follows the main piston rod to periodically engage or disengage with the gear ring.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, oil enters the housing to cause the traveling piston rod to translate back and forth, thereby driving the traveling pawl to rotate back and forth, and the traveling piston rod is in a neutral position, and the traveling pawl is separated from the gear ring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the traveling piston rod is provided with external bevel teeth, and the traveling pawl is provided with internal bevel teeth, and the traveling piston rod moves through the external bevel teeth to drive the internal bevel teeth to rotate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the gear ring includes a spur gear ring and a reverse gear ring, and the travel pawl includes a positive pawl and a reverse pawl. The positive pawl engages with the spur gear ring to drive the ratchet shaft to rotate forward, and the reverse pawl engages with the reverse gear ring to drive the ratchet shaft to rotate reversely.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the main piston rod divides the shell into oil chamber A and oil chamber B, the travel piston rod divides the shell into oil chamber C and oil chamber D, the main piston rod is provided with oil circuit c and oil circuit d, the oil port a on the shell is connected with the oil chamber A, the oil port b is connected with the oil chamber B, the oil port a is connected with the oil chamber C through the oil circuit c, the oil port b is connected with the oil chamber D through the oil circuit d, and hydraulically controlled one-way valves are provided in the oil circuit c and the oil circuit d.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing is further provided with a control oil port communicating with the oil circuit c and the oil circuit d.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a locking assembly corresponding to the pushing assembly is provided on the housing, and the locking assembly has the same structure as the pushing assembly. The locking pawl of the locking assembly follows the main piston rod to periodically lock or unlock the gear ring, and the locking pawl is in opposite state to the traveling pawl.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking assembly includes a locking piston rod disposed in the housing, and the locking piston rod divides the housing into an oil chamber E and an oil chamber F, and the oil chamber E and the oil chamber F are respectively connected to the control oil port.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the ratchet shaft is located directly above the piston rod, the pushing assembly is arranged on the groove of the main piston rod, and the locking pawl is arranged in the groove of the housing.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the main piston rod is H-shaped, and the main piston rod and the housing are movably connected via a linear load-bearing bearing and an axial bearing.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder of the utility model controls the forward and reverse rotation of the ratchet shaft by engaging and disengaging the rotatable bidirectional traveling pawl with the ratchet shaft and cooperating with the translation of the main piston rod, and the bidirectional output has no angle limit.

[0021] The adjustable two-way ratchet oil cylinder of the utility model locks the ratchet shaft by locking the ratchet pawl, thereby preventing the ratchet shaft from synchronously retreating with the advancing ratchet pawl. The contact between the ratchet pawl and the ratchet is safer and more reliable, and the ratchet pawl will not be loosened. The retreat and advancement are stable, and the normal rotation of the ratchet shaft is guaranteed.

[0022] The adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder of the utility model adopts a built-in oil circuit, and the ratchet shaft is arranged inside the oil cylinder, which greatly reduces the volume of the ratchet oil cylinder, has a more compact structure, and has a small space requirement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable two-way ratchet cylinder;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustable two-way ratchet cylinder;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ratchet shaft rotating counterclockwise;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of an adjustable two-way ratchet cylinder;

[0031] The components in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. outer shell, 2. main piston rod, 3. hydraulically controlled one-way valve, 4. ratchet shaft, 41. positive gear ring, 42. negative gear ring, 5. pushing assembly, 51. shell, 52. travel piston rod, 53. travel pawl, 531. positive pawl, 532. negative pawl, 6. locking assembly, 61. locking piston rod, 62. locking pawl. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below. The structure, proportion, size, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions that can be implemented in the utility model, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that can be produced by the utility model and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of narration, and are not used to limit the scope that can be implemented. The change or adjustment of its relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope that can be implemented in the utility model without substantially changing the technical content.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 5 An adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder comprises a housing 1, in which a main piston rod 2 is arranged. The cross section of the main piston rod 2 is H-shaped, and the main piston rod 2 and the housing 51 are movably connected through a linear bearing and an axial bearing. The main piston rod 2 divides the housing 1 into an oil chamber A, an oil chamber B and a mounting chamber in the middle, and an oil port a and an oil port b are provided on the housing 1. When oil enters the oil port a, the main piston rod 2 moves to the right, and when oil enters the oil port b, the main piston rod 2 moves to the left.

[0034] The ratchet shaft 4 is rotatably connected in the housing 51. The ratchet shaft 4 is located in the middle mounting cavity, and the ratchet shaft 4 is located directly above the piston rod. The ratchet shaft 4 has a gear ring, which includes a spur gear ring 41 and a reverse gear ring 42. The spur gear ring 41 and the reverse gear ring 42 are arranged in parallel, and the teeth of the spur gear ring 41 and the reverse gear ring 42 face opposite directions. Preferably, the reverse gear ring 42 is a reverse ratchet sleeve, which is connected to the ratchet shaft 4 through a rectangular spline, and the spur gear ring 41 is integrally formed with the output shaft.

[0035] The main piston rod 2 is provided with a pushing assembly 5. The pushing assembly 5 is arranged on the groove of the main piston rod 2. The pushing assembly includes a housing 51, in which a traveling piston rod 52 and a traveling pawl 53 are arranged. The traveling piston rod 52 drives the traveling pawl 53 to rotate periodically, so that the traveling pawl 53 follows the main piston rod 2 to periodically engage or disengage with the gear ring. The traveling pawl 53 includes a positive pawl 531 and a negative pawl 532. The positive pawl 531 and the negative pawl 532 are arranged in parallel and face opposite directions. When the traveling piston rod 52 is in the middle position, the traveling pawl 53 does not contact the gear ring, and no power transmission occurs between the two. The traveling piston rod 52 divides the housing 51 into an oil chamber C and an oil chamber D. When oil is introduced into the oil chamber C, the piston rod moves to the right, the traveling pawl 53 rotates counterclockwise, and the negative pawl 532 engages with the negative gear ring 42. When oil enters the oil chamber D, the piston rod moves leftward, the travel pawl 53 rotates clockwise, and the positive pawl 531 meshes with the spur gear ring 41. The positive pawl 531 meshes with the spur gear ring 41 to drive the ratchet shaft 4 to rotate forward, and the reverse pawl 532 meshes with the reverse gear ring 42 to drive the ratchet shaft 4 to rotate reversely.

[0036] Since the traveling piston rod 52 has external helical teeth and the traveling pawl 53 has internal helical teeth, the external helical teeth mesh with or separate from the internal helical teeth to drive the traveling pawl 53 to reciprocate. When the traveling piston rod 52 translates, the external helical teeth mesh with the internal helical teeth, and the traveling piston rod 52 drives the traveling pawl 53 to rotate forward or reverse accordingly. The oil in the housing 51 causes the traveling piston rod 52 to translate back and forth, thereby driving the traveling pawl 53 to reciprocate, so that the traveling pawl drives the ratchet shaft 4 to rotate.

[0037] The main piston rod 2 is provided with an oil circuit c and an oil circuit d. The oil port a on the housing 1 is connected with the oil chamber A, and the oil port b is connected with the oil chamber B. The oil port a is connected with the oil chamber C through the oil circuit c, and the oil port b is connected with the oil chamber D through the oil circuit d. The oil circuit c and the oil circuit d are provided with a hydraulically controlled one-way valve 3. The housing 1 is also provided with a control oil port connected with the oil circuit c and the oil circuit d. The oil ports a and b are fed with hydraulic oil of the same pressure. At this time, the main piston rod 2 and the traveling piston rod 52 are both in the middle position. At this time, the oil flows into the oil circuit c through the control oil port k1, and the oil port b begins to slowly release pressure. The hydraulically controlled one-way valve 3 in the oil circuit c opens, and the oil in the oil port a enters the oil chamber C through the oil circuit c, while the oil in the oil chamber D flows out from the oil port b through the oil circuit d. At this time, the traveling piston rod 52 moves to the right synchronously, so that the anti-ratchet 532 is engaged with the anti-gear ring 42, the main piston rod 2 moves to the right synchronously, and the anti-gear ring 42 begins to rotate counterclockwise. The principle is the same for clockwise rotation.

[0038] The traveling piston rod 52 and the housing 51 form a structure similar to an oil cylinder. Both ends of the traveling piston rod 52 are inserted into (flexible) oil pipes, and the oil enters the oil chamber D and the oil chamber D through the oil pipes. At the same time, guide sleeves are arranged at both ends of the housing 51 to facilitate smooth translation of the traveling piston rod 52.

[0039] The housing 1 is provided with a locking assembly 6 corresponding to the pushing assembly 5, and the locking assembly 6 has the same structure as the pushing assembly 5. The locking pawl 62 of the locking assembly 6 follows the main piston rod 2 to periodically lock or unlock the gear ring, and the locking pawl 62 is in the opposite state to the traveling pawl 53. When the positive pawl 531 is engaged with the positive gear ring 41, the locking pawl 62 is engaged with the reverse gear ring 42, and vice versa. The locking pawl 62 is arranged in the groove of the housing 1. The locking assembly 6 includes a locking piston rod 61 arranged in the housing, and the locking piston rod 61 divides the housing into an oil chamber E and an oil chamber F, and the oil chamber E and the oil chamber F are respectively connected to the control oil port. The working principle of the locking assembly 6 is the same as that of the pushing assembly 5. When the main piston rod 2 retreats, in order to prevent the friction between the traveling pawl 53 and the ratchet shaft 4 from driving the ratchet shaft 4 to reverse, the ratchet shaft 4 is reversely locked by the locking pawl 62, thereby ensuring the unidirectional rotation output of the ratchet shaft 4.

[0040] The specific working principle of the adjustable bidirectional ratchet oil cylinder of the utility model is as follows:

[0041] When the ratchet shaft 4 needs to rotate counterclockwise, oil enters the oil port a, part of the oil enters the oil chamber A, and the other part of the oil enters the oil chamber C through the oil path c. At this time, the main piston rod 2 and the travel piston rod 52 move rightward synchronously. The rightward movement of the travel piston rod 52 pushes the travel pawl 53 to rotate counterclockwise, and the counter pawl will mesh with the counter gear ring 42. Figure 5 Then the main piston rod 2 drives the push assembly 5 to move to the right, whereby the teeth of the counter pawl push the counter gear ring 42 to reverse, until the teeth of the counter pawl disengage from the counter gear ring 42, and the ratchet shaft 4 completes a rotation of one angle. While the ratchet shaft 4 rotates, oil enters the oil chamber F, and the locking pawl 62 also rotates counterclockwise, and the ratchet shaft 4 will pass through the locking pawl 62. At this time, the locking pawl 62 does not lock the wheel shaft. Then oil enters the oil port b, the main piston rod 2 resets to the left, and the travel pawl 53 retreats to the left synchronously. The locking pawl 62 presses against the ratchet shaft 4 to prevent it from rotating and resetting due to friction, thus playing a locking role. When oil is introduced into the oil port b, the oil in the oil chamber D will not flow back, and the oil in the oil chamber C will decrease. At this time, the traveling piston rod 52 moves to the left (but the traveling piston rod will not move to the position that causes the traveling pawl 53 to rotate clockwise), the planetary piston rod is separated from the traveling pawl 53, and the counter pawl of the traveling pawl 53 can follow the main piston rod 2 to retreat and reset from the counter gear ring 42. Then repeat the oil introduction into the oil port a to complete another counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet shaft 4. The counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet shaft 4 can be achieved by the cyclic reciprocating oil introduction of the oil ports a and b.

[0042] When the ratchet shaft needs to rotate clockwise, hydraulic oil of the same pressure is injected into the oil port a and the oil port b at the same time. At this time, the main piston rod 2 and the travel piston rod 52 are both in the middle position, and the control oil port k2 is used to feed oil into the oil chamber D. The oil chamber A begins to release pressure, the travel piston rod 52 moves to the left, the travel pawl 53 rotates clockwise, and the positive pawl 531 meshes with the spur gear ring. At this time, the ratchet shaft starts to rotate clockwise. The principle of clockwise rotation is the same as that of counterclockwise rotation.

[0043] Different from the prior art, the adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder of the utility model can realize accurate adjustment of the rotation direction at any time, the pawl propulsion and locking are safe and reliable, the structure is compact and the installation space requirement is small.

[0044] The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation methods, which are not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder, comprising a housing (1), wherein a main piston rod (2) is arranged in the housing (1), characterized in that: The main piston rod (2) is provided with a pushing assembly, the pushing assembly comprising a housing (51), a ratchet shaft (4) being rotatably connected inside the housing (51), the ratchet shaft (4) having a gear ring, a traveling piston rod (52) and a traveling pawl (53) being provided inside the housing (51), the traveling piston rod (52) driving the traveling pawl (53) to rotate periodically, thereby causing the traveling pawl (53) to follow the main piston rod (2) and periodically engage with or disengage from the gear ring.

2. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil entering the housing causes the travel piston rod (52) to move back and forth, thereby pushing the travel pawl (53) to rotate back and forth. The travel piston rod (52) is in a neutral position, and the travel pawl (53) is separated from the gear ring.

3. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traveling piston rod (52) is provided with external bevel teeth, and the traveling pawl (53) is provided with internal bevel teeth. The traveling piston rod (52) moves through the external bevel teeth to drive the internal bevel teeth to rotate.

4. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear ring comprises a spur gear ring (41) and a reverse gear ring (42), the travel pawl (53) comprises a positive pawl (531) and a reverse pawl (532), the positive pawl (531) meshes with the spur gear ring (41) to drive the ratchet shaft (4) to rotate forward, and the reverse pawl (532) meshes with the reverse gear ring (42) to drive the ratchet shaft (4) to rotate reversely.

5. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main piston rod (2) divides the housing (1) into an oil chamber A and an oil chamber B, and the travel piston rod (52) divides the housing (51) into an oil chamber C and an oil chamber D. The main piston rod (2) is provided with an oil circuit c and an oil circuit d. The oil port a on the housing (1) is connected to the oil chamber A, and the oil port b is connected to the oil chamber B. The oil port a is connected to the oil chamber C through the oil circuit c, and the oil port b is connected to the oil chamber D through the oil circuit d. The oil circuit c and the oil circuit d are provided with hydraulically controlled one-way valves (3).

6. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The housing (1) is also provided with a control oil port k which is in communication with the oil circuit c and the oil circuit d.

7. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a locking assembly (6) corresponding to the pushing assembly (5); the locking assembly (6) and the pushing assembly (5) have the same structure; a locking pawl (62) of the locking assembly (6) follows the main piston rod (2) to periodically lock or unlock the gear ring, and the locking pawl (62) and the traveling pawl (53) are in opposite states.

8. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking assembly (6) comprises a locking piston rod (61) arranged in the housing (51), wherein the locking piston rod (61) divides the housing (51) into an oil chamber E and an oil chamber F, wherein the oil chamber E and the oil chamber F are respectively connected to the control oil port.

9. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratchet shaft (4) is located directly above the piston rod, the pushing assembly (5) is arranged on the groove of the main piston rod (2), and the locking pawl (62) is arranged in the groove of the housing (1).

10. The adjustable bidirectional ratchet cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross section of the main piston rod (2) is H-shaped, and the main piston rod (2) and the housing are movably connected via a linear bearing and an axial bearing.

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