Ratchet wheel intermittent oil cylinder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ratchet wheel intermittent oil cylinder which comprises a shell, a piston rod assembly capable of horizontally moving in a reciprocating mode is arranged in the shell, a ratchet wheel shaft is connected in the shell in a rotating mode, a pawl assembly is movably connected to the piston rod assembly and comprises a pawl, and the pawl is connected with the piston rod assembly through an elastic piece. The piston rod assembly moves forwards and pushes the pawl to move upwards through the elastic piece so that the pawl can be meshed with teeth of the ratchet shaft, and the piston rod assembly moves backwards and presses the pawl downwards through the ratchet shaft so that the pawl can retreat from the teeth of the ratchet shaft. By means of the mode, the ratchet wheel intermittent oil cylinder is large in output torque, the intermittent rotation angle can be adjusted and controlled, output can be achieved by rotating at any angle, and the synchronous dual-output efficiency of the torque of the ratchet wheel shaft is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of oil cylinders, in particular to a ratchet intermittent oil cylinder. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process of mechanical equipment, the volume and weight of parts are constantly increasing, and ratchet mechanisms are also very common in mechanical equipment. However, ordinary ratchet mechanisms not only have a large overall layout area, but also have very limited torque. In particular, intermittent rotation is often required. Common mechanisms that can achieve this function include swing cylinders and hydraulic motors. Although the swing cylinder can realize the rotation of the workpiece, the maximum rotation angle of the swing cylinder is ≤360°, and the built-in gears and output screws of the swing cylinder are difficult to process. Although the hydraulic motor can also realize the rotation function, the hydraulic motor has low precision, small output torque, and low efficiency, which makes it not a good choice.

[0003] To complete this type of intermittent rotational motion, the traditional ratchet pawl external structure design first requires a power source to provide power, and the ordinary connecting rod connecting the pawl drives the ratchet to rotate. Since the ultimate strength of the connecting rod is generally not large, the load that can be provided is relatively small, and the realization of the power mechanism + connecting rod + ratchet mechanism requires a large installation space on the frame. The overall weight is bulky and the reliability is not high. Since the ratchet mechanism is usually external to the frame and has a special working principle, it cannot be used in some working environments that require silence. Use a swing cylinder to drive the workpiece to rotate an angle of ≤360°. When the workpiece needs to rotate a larger angle, the swing cylinder cannot be realized and the swing cylinder can only achieve rotational motion but not intermittent motion. Using a hydraulic motor to complete intermittent motion has the disadvantages of being unable to accurately control the rotation angle, low energy utilization, limited output torque, and high manufacturing cost. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a ratchet intermittent oil cylinder with large output torque, adjustable and controllable intermittent rotation angle, and outputtable rotation at any angle, and the ratchet shaft torque synchronous dual output has higher efficiency.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a ratchet intermittent cylinder, including a shell, a piston rod assembly that reciprocates and translates is arranged in the shell, a ratchet shaft is rotatably connected in the shell, a pawl assembly is movably connected to the piston rod assembly, the pawl assembly includes a pawl, and the pawl and the piston rod assembly are connected by an elastic member. When the piston rod assembly moves forward, the elastic member pushes the pawl upward so that the pawl engages with the teeth of the ratchet shaft, and when the piston rod assembly moves backward, the ratchet shaft presses the pawl downward so that the pawl withdraws from the teeth of the ratchet shaft.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the pawl is rotatably connected to a pin screw, and the pin screw is fixed to the piston rod assembly through a locking nut.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, planar thrust bearings are provided on both sides of the pawl.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a groove is provided on the piston rod, and the pawl assembly is arranged in the groove.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a locking assembly corresponding to the pawl assembly is provided in the groove of the housing, and the locking assembly has the same structure as the pawl assembly.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a left cavity, a right cavity and a middle cavity are formed between the housing and the piston rod assembly, and the ratchet shaft is arranged in the middle cavity. Oil entering the left cavity causes the piston rod assembly to move forward, and oil entering the right cavity causes the piston rod assembly to move backward.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the piston rod assembly includes a T-shaped piston rod and a piston, a left chamber is formed between the left side of the piston and the shell, a right chamber is formed between the right side of the T-shaped piston rod and the shell, and an intermediate chamber is formed between the right side of the piston, the left side of the T-shaped piston rod and the shell.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the teeth are located in the middle circumference of the ratchet shaft, and both ends of the ratchet shaft extend out of the housing as output ends.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a linear bearing is further provided between the piston rod assembly and the housing.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a displacement sensor extending into the interior of the piston rod assembly is provided on the housing, and a muffler is also provided on the housing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the ratchet intermittent oil cylinder of the utility model adopts hydraulic oil for energy supply, so the force input by the power source is greater, the ratchet is directly connected to the piston rod assembly, the ratchet size is adjustable, the output torque is large, and the energy loss can be greatly reduced, and it can cope with the intermittent motion requirements under heavy load conditions.

[0016] The ratchet intermittent oil cylinder of the utility model, the piston rod assembly, the pawl and the ratchet shaft cooperate to form a structure for rotating at any angle. While the ratchet rotating shaft completes the intermittent motion, it is matched with a displacement sensor to control the displacement of the piston, so that the rotation angle can be accurately controlled according to the scene requirements, and is not limited to a straight rotation fixed angle.

[0017] The ratchet intermittent oil cylinder of the utility model has a higher efficiency in synchronous dual output of ratchet shaft torque, greatly improves the utilization rate of energy, reduces the arrangement space of the overall mechanism, occupies a small space, and has a larger output torque. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the ratchet intermittent oil cylinder of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Left view of

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0022] The components in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Shell, 11. Left chamber, 12. Right chamber, 13. Middle chamber, 2. Piston rod assembly, 21. Piston, 22. Piston rod, 23. Groove, 3. Ratchet shaft, 4. Pawl assembly, 41. Pawl, 42. Elastic part, 43. Pin screw, 44. Locking nut, 45. Plane thrust bearing, 5. Locking assembly, 6. Linear bearing, 7. Displacement sensor, 8. Muffler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below. The structure, proportion, size, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions that can be implemented in the utility model, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that can be produced by the utility model and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of narration, and are not used to limit the scope that can be implemented. The change or adjustment of its relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope that can be implemented in the utility model without substantially changing the technical content.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 3A ratchet intermittent oil cylinder comprises a housing 1, in which a piston rod assembly 2 is arranged for reciprocating translation. A ratchet shaft 3 is rotatably connected in the housing 1. A left chamber 11, a right chamber 12 and a middle chamber 13 are formed between the housing 1 and the piston rod assembly 2. The ratchet shaft 3 is arranged in the middle chamber 13. The piston rod assembly 2 is advanced by oil entering the left chamber 11, and the piston rod assembly 2 is retreated by oil entering the right chamber 12. Oil ports are provided on the end covers on the left and right sides of the housing 1. Hydraulic oil is used as a power source, and the rotation of the ratchet shaft 3 is realized by the piston rod assembly 2.

[0025] The piston rod assembly 2 includes a T-shaped piston rod 21 and a piston 22. A left cavity 11 is formed between the left side of the piston 21 and the housing 1, a right cavity 12 is formed between the right side of the T-shaped piston rod and the housing 1, and an intermediate cavity 13 is formed between the right side of the piston 21, the left side of the T-shaped piston rod and the housing 1. A sealing ring is provided on the piston 21 and the piston rod 21 to isolate the left cavity 11 and the right cavity 12 from the intermediate cavity 13 to prevent oil leakage. The piston 21 and the piston rod 21 are connected by screws.

[0026] The piston rod assembly 2 is movably connected with a pawl assembly 4, and a groove 23 is provided on the piston rod 21, and the pawl assembly 4 is arranged in the groove 23. The pawl assembly 4 includes a pawl 41, and the pawl 41 and the piston rod assembly 2 are connected by an elastic member 42 (preferably a spring). When the piston rod assembly 2 moves forward, the elastic member 42 pushes the pawl 41 upward to mesh with the teeth of the ratchet shaft 3, and when the piston rod assembly 2 moves backward, the ratchet shaft 3 presses the pawl 41 downward to withdraw the pawl 41 from the teeth of the ratchet shaft 3. The teeth are located in the middle circumference of the ratchet shaft 3, and the two ends of the ratchet shaft 3 extend out of the housing 1 as output ends. The pawl 41 is rotatably connected to the pin screw 43, and the pin screw 43 is fixed to the piston rod assembly 2 through a locking nut 44.

[0027] When the left chamber 11 is filled with oil, the left chamber 11 is filled with high-pressure oil, and the piston 21 drives the piston rod 21 and the pawl 41 to move rightward at the same time under the action of the oil pressure. At the same time, the pawl 41 is fixed to the piston rod 21 by the action of the pin screw 43 and the lock nut 44. A spring is installed in the space inside the pawl 41 that contacts the piston rod 21. Under the action of the spring reaction force, the pawl 41 is pushed tightly against the ratchet wheel, and when the piston rod 21 moves to the right, the pawl 41 will be tightly meshed with the teeth on the ratchet shaft 3. Under the meshing of the gears, the ratchet wheel drives the ratchet shaft 3 to start rotating clockwise at a certain angle, until the pawl 41 moves over the ratchet shaft 3 following the piston rod 21. Then the right chamber 12 starts to take in oil, the left chamber 11 starts to return oil, and the piston rod 21 drives the pawl 41 to start moving to the left. At this time, the pawl 41 and the ratchet shaft 3 are in a state of being fitted and followed. Since the ratchet shaft 3 will press down the pawl 41, the pawl 41 and the ratchet shaft 3 are unlocked, and the ratchet shaft 3 will not rotate. The pawl 41 follows the piston rod 21 to reset, and a movement cycle is completed. As long as the left chamber 11 and the right chamber 12 are cyclically supplied with oil, the ratchet shaft 3 can perform intermittent motion without angle restrictions, and both ends of the ratchet shaft 3 can output torque. In some specific cases, the bidirectional output of the ratchet shaft 3 can better improve efficiency.

[0028] Planar thrust bearings 45 are provided on both sides of the pawl 41. To prevent the pawl 41 from being unable to rebound due to dry friction between the mounting surfaces of the piston rod 21 and the pawl 41, a planar thrust bearing 45 is installed on both sides of the pawl 41 to reduce the friction between the pawl 41 and the piston rod 21.

[0029] The number of teeth on the ratchet shaft 3 and the size of the ratchet 41 can be adjusted. As the ratchet 41 becomes larger, its strength also increases, the torque that can be output will also be greater, and the energy loss can be greatly reduced, which can meet the intermittent motion requirements under heavy load conditions. The number of ratchet teeth can change the angle of each rotation of the ratchet shaft 3 to achieve the adjustment of the rotation angle.

[0030] A locking assembly 5 corresponding to the pawl assembly 4 is provided in the recess of the housing 1, and the locking assembly 5 has the same structure as the pawl assembly 4. In order to prevent the ratchet shaft 3 from rotating in the opposite direction due to excessive friction between the ratchet shaft 3 and the ratchet during the resetting process of the piston rod 21 moving leftward, the same locking assembly 5 is used. When the piston rod 21 moves leftward, the pawl 41 of the locking assembly 5 meshes with the teeth of the ratchet shaft 3 to prevent the ratchet shaft 3 from rotating. When the piston rod 21 moves rightward, the pawl 41 separates from the teeth of the ratchet shaft 3 to achieve unlocking.

[0031] A linear bearing 6 is also provided between the piston rod assembly 2 and the housing 1, and the linear bearing 6 is mounted on the linear bearing seat of the housing 1. The linear bearing 6 ensures that when the piston rod 21 is subjected to the reaction force of the advancing pawl 41, it can provide reliable support force and bear part of the load, which can solve the problem that the piston rod 21 is insufficient in strength due to high load.

[0032] The housing 1 is provided with a displacement sensor 7 extending into the piston rod 21. The displacement sensor 7 detects the lateral stroke of the piston rod assembly 2, and controls the lateral displacement of the piston to accurately control the rotation angle of the ratchet shaft 3, and can also control the movement displacement of the piston in real time to control different rotation angles.

[0033] The housing 1 is also provided with a muffler 8, which is mounted on the end cover and the pressure cover of the housing 1, so as to ensure that the noise emitted by the ratchet cylinder when working is smaller and more environmentally friendly.

[0034] Different from the prior art, the ratchet intermittent oil cylinder of the utility model is simple, practical and reliable. It is a new type of ratchet oil cylinder which integrates intermittent motion and rotational motion and can accurately control and adjust the angle. It replaces the mechanism on the market that completes intermittent motion, especially the mechanism that completes heavy-load intermittent motion. Moreover, this new type of ratchet hydraulic cylinder has reliable action, stable performance, fast frequency response, lower overall cost and smaller operating noise.

[0035] The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation methods, which are not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ratchet intermittent oil cylinder, comprising a housing (1), wherein a piston rod assembly (2) is arranged in the housing (1) and capable of reciprocating translation, characterized in that: The housing (1) is rotatably connected to a ratchet shaft (3), and the piston rod assembly (2) is movably connected to a pawl assembly (4), the pawl assembly (4) comprising a pawl (41), the pawl (41) and the piston rod assembly (2) being connected via an elastic member (42), when the piston rod assembly (2) moves forward, the elastic member (42) pushes the pawl (41) upward so that the pawl (41) engages with the teeth of the ratchet shaft (3), and when the piston rod assembly (2) moves backward, the ratchet shaft (3) presses the pawl (41) downward so that the pawl (41) withdraws from the teeth of the ratchet shaft (3).

2. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet pawl (41) is rotatably connected to a pin screw (43), and the pin screw (43) is fixedly connected to the piston rod assembly (2) via a locking nut (44).

3. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: Planar thrust bearings (45) are provided on both sides of the ratchet pawl.

4. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston rod assembly (2) is provided with a groove, and the pawl assembly (4) is arranged in the groove.

5. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: A locking assembly (5) corresponding to the ratchet assembly (4) is provided in the recess of the housing (1); the locking assembly (5) and the ratchet assembly (4) have the same structure.

6. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A left chamber (11), a right chamber (12) and a middle chamber (13) are formed between the housing (1) and the piston rod assembly (2); the ratchet shaft (3) is arranged in the middle chamber (13); oil flows into the left chamber (11) to cause the piston rod assembly (2) to move forward, and oil flows into the right chamber (12) to cause the piston rod assembly (2) to move backward.

7. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The piston rod assembly (2) comprises a T-shaped piston rod (22) and a piston (21); a left chamber (11) is formed between the left side of the piston (21) and the housing (1); a right chamber (12) is formed between the right side of the piston rod (22) and the housing (1); and an intermediate chamber (13) is formed between the right side of the piston, the left side of the piston rod (22) and the housing (1).

8. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The teeth are located in the middle circumferential direction of the ratchet shaft (3), and both ends of the ratchet shaft (3) extend out of the housing (1) as output ends.

9. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: A linear bearing (6) is also provided between the piston rod assembly (2) and the housing.

10. The ratchet intermittent cylinder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The housing is provided with a displacement sensor (7) extending into the interior of the piston rod assembly (2), and the housing is also provided with a muffler (8).

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