Motor controller

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor controller which comprises a control panel and a radiator. Two strip-shaped protrusions are arranged at the bottom of the radiator, the space at the bottom of the radiator is divided into a first space, a second space and a third space, and devices on the control panel are arranged as follows: an upper bridge arm power MOS tube and a lower bridge arm power MOS tube form a row respectively and are attached to the outer side faces of the two strip-shaped protrusions; a direct-current filter capacitor on a direct-current input side and an alternating-current filter capacitor on an alternating-current output side are respectively distributed in a first space and a second space nearby. The motor controller provided by the utility model has the advantages that the cost and the heat dissipation effect can be considered, the structure is simple, the manufacturability is strong, the processing is simple, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, the parallel power MOS tubes of the motor controller have good current sharing characteristics, the expandability is very strong, and the application requirements of different scenes can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of motor controllers, and in particular to a motor controller for low-voltage, high-power, and high-current application scenarios. Background Art

[0002] Patent CN202334419U introduces a low-voltage, high-power brushless DC motor controller for electric vehicles. The control board of the motor controller is separated from the power board and adopts a stacked design with a relatively complex structure. In addition, the substrate of the drive board adopts an aluminum substrate, which is expensive. Patent CN212211815U introduces a low-voltage, high-power motor controller whose power module is heat-dissipated through the PCB after board mounting. This heat dissipation method has a large thermal resistance and poor heat dissipation effect. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a motor controller that can take both cost and heat dissipation effect into consideration, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0004] 1. A motor controller, characterized in that: it includes a control board and a heat sink;

[0005] On the control board, the upper bridge arm power MOS tube, the lower bridge arm power MOS tube, the DC filter capacitor, and the AC filter capacitor of the inverter circuit are arranged on the front of the control board, the DC power input terminal and the current transformer are arranged on both sides of the back of the control board, and the AC power output terminal is arranged in the middle of the back of the control board; the DC power input terminal is opposite to the DC filter capacitor, and the AC power output terminal is opposite to the AC filter capacitor;

[0006] The control board is fixed at the bottom of the radiator, with the front of the control board facing the radiator; two parallel strip-shaped protrusions are arranged at the bottom of the radiator, dividing the bottom space of the radiator into three spaces; the upper bridge arm power MOS tube and the lower bridge arm power MOS tube each form a row and are mounted on the outer side surfaces of the two strip-shaped protrusions; the DC filter capacitor is distributed in the first space, and the AC filter capacitor is distributed in the second space located between the two strip-shaped protrusions.

[0007] Furthermore, the AC filter capacitors are distributed in a row.

[0008] Furthermore, the DC filter capacitors are distributed in a dense array, which can improve the filtering effect of the DC power input.

[0009] Furthermore, the width of the control board is not greater than the width of the radiator.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper bridge arm power MOS tube and the lower bridge arm power MOS tube are fixed on the strip-shaped protrusion by screws.

[0011] Furthermore, the inverter circuit is a three-phase inverter circuit, the number of the AC power output terminals is 3, the number of the current transformers is 2, and two-phase AC output lines of the three-phase AC output line pass through the corresponding current transformers and are connected to the corresponding AC power output terminals.

[0012] Furthermore, a main controller is also provided on the control panel.

[0013] Furthermore, the DC power input terminal and the AC power input terminal are structured as binding posts to provide large current input and output capabilities.

[0014] Furthermore, the motor controller is installed and fixed by means of the radiator.

[0015] Furthermore, a DC fan is provided on the upper surface of the radiator, which can further improve the heat dissipation capacity of the motor controller.

[0016] The utility model achieves the following technical effects:

[0017] The utility model provides a motor controller which can take into account both cost and heat dissipation effect, and has a simple structure, strong manufacturability, simple processing, and high heat dissipation efficiency. The parallel power MOS tubes of the motor controller have good current sharing characteristics and strong scalability, which can meet the application requirements of different scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a product structure diagram of the motor controller of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of the U-phase inverter in the three-phase inverter circuit of the motor controller of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a front view of the motor controller of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a left view of the motor controller of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a top view of the motor controller of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention, which are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, a person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0024] The utility model is now further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the utility model provides an embodiment of a low-voltage high-power motor controller. The motor controller is composed of a control board 100 and a passive heat sink 200.

[0026] All driving circuits of the motor controller are integrated on a control board 100. The control board 100 is a three-phase inverter circuit integrated with a main control MCU 108. Figure 2 What is shown is a one-phase inverter circuit in a three-phase inverter circuit.

[0027] In the device layout of the control board 100, two terminals 105 for connecting the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply, three terminals 106 for U, V, and W three-phase AC output, a current transformer 107 for detecting the U and V output currents, and a main control MCU 108 are arranged on the back thereof.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the terminal 105 is arranged at the upper edge of the control board 100 to facilitate the access of the power line outside the board; the terminal 106 is arranged in the middle of the control board 100, and the current transformer 107 is arranged at the lower edge of the control board 100; the U and V output lines pass through the corresponding current transformers 107 respectively, and then are connected to the U and V terminals in the terminal 106.

[0029] On the front side thereof, there are arranged a plurality of filter capacitors 101 for DC power input filtering, a plurality of filter capacitors 102 for AC power output filtering, and upper bridge arm power MOS tubes 103 and lower bridge arm power MOS tubes 104 of a three-phase inverter circuit.

[0030] from Figure 2 It can be seen that in the present three-phase H-bridge inverter circuit, the driving capability of the H-bridge inverter circuit is enhanced by connecting multiple upper bridge arm power MOS tubes 103 in parallel and multiple lower bridge arm power MOS tubes 103 in parallel.

[0031] In this embodiment, the radiator 2 is a passive radiator, which is made of metal materials such as aluminum and copper and is manufactured through processes such as profile making. Its structure includes a fin-like structure 201 located at the top of the radiator and two strip-like protrusions 202 and 203 located at the bottom of the radiator, and fixations located on both sides of the radiator.

[0032] In this embodiment, the front surface of the control board 100 contacts the end surfaces of the strip-shaped protrusions 202 and 203 at the bottom of the heat sink 200 and are fixedly connected by screws.

[0033] The two strip-shaped protrusions 202 and 203 divide the space below the heat sink into three spaces, including a second space located between the two strip-shaped protrusions 202 and 203 , and a first space and a third space located on both sides of the two strip-shaped protrusions 202 and 203 .

[0034] In this embodiment, the upper bridge arm power MOS tube 103 and the lower bridge arm power MOS tube 104 adopt a pin-type packaging structure. All upper bridge arm power MOS tubes 103 form a row and are fixed to the outer side of the strip protrusion 202 of the heat sink 200 by screws; all lower bridge arm power MOS tubes 104 form a row and are fixed to the outer side of the strip protrusion 203 of the heat sink 200 by screws, thereby minimizing the thermal resistance of thermal conduction. After fixing, the upper bridge arm power MOS tube 103 and the lower bridge arm power MOS tube 104 are then welded to the control board 100.

[0035] At the DC power input end, the filter capacitor 101 is opposite to the terminal 105, and at the AC power output end, the filter capacitor 102 is opposite to the terminal 106. This layout can make the current path as short as possible and improve the input and output filtering effect. The above layout is conducive to optimizing the EMC characteristics of the motor controller.

[0036] In order to meet the application requirements of high power, multiple filter capacitors 101 used for DC power input filtering are arranged in a compact array. This layout makes each parallel power MOS tube have a nearly consistent power loop, which greatly improves the current sharing characteristics of the parallel power MOS tube. At the same time, filter capacitors 102 are added to the U, V, and W three-phase outputs respectively. The filter capacitors 102 are installed near the U, V, and W terminals 106, which is not only conducive to improving the current sharing characteristics of the parallel MOS tubes, but also greatly reduces the power loop of the U, V, and W three-phases, which has a significant effect on improving the performance of the controller.

[0037] Preferably, the main control MCU 108 is welded on the back of the control board 100 and is responsible for processing the algorithm and control logic of the motor controller and communicating with the outside.

[0038] The height of the radiator 200 can be adjusted according to different application scenarios to further optimize the cost and volume. Preferably, the width of the radiator 200 is not less than the width of the control board 100, so that the filter capacitors 101 and 102 on the control board 100 can be protected by the radiator 200.

[0039] Preferably, a DC fan may be installed on the surface of the radiator 200 to enhance the heat dissipation capability of the motor controller.

[0040] In addition, the motor controller is fixedly mounted on other devices through the radiator 200. For example, in this embodiment, ribs 204 for fixing and mounting holes on the ribs 204 are provided on both sides of the radiator 200. In specific applications, the radiator 200 can be provided with a structure or device for fixing the motor controller according to different application scenarios.

[0041] Although the present invention has been specifically demonstrated and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes may be made to the present invention in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor controller, characterized in that: Includes a control board and a heat sink; On the control board, the upper bridge arm power MOS tube, the lower bridge arm power MOS tube, the DC filter capacitor, and the AC filter capacitor of the inverter circuit are arranged on the front of the control board, the DC power input terminal and the current transformer are arranged on both sides of the back of the control board, and the AC power output terminal is arranged in the middle of the back of the control board; the DC power input terminal is opposite to the DC filter capacitor, and the AC power output terminal is opposite to the AC filter capacitor; The control board is fixed at the bottom of the radiator, with the front of the control board facing the radiator; two parallel strip-shaped protrusions are arranged at the bottom of the radiator, dividing the bottom space of the radiator into three spaces; the upper bridge arm power MOS tube and the lower bridge arm power MOS tube each form a row and are mounted on the outer side surfaces of the two strip-shaped protrusions; the DC filter capacitor is distributed in the first space, and the AC filter capacitor is distributed in the second space located between the two strip-shaped protrusions.

2. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC filter capacitors are distributed in a row.

3. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC filter capacitors are distributed in a dense array.

4. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the control board is not greater than the width of the radiator.

5. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bridge arm power MOS tube and the lower bridge arm power MOS tube are fixed on the strip-shaped protrusion by screws.

6. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter circuit is a three-phase inverter circuit, the number of the AC power output terminals is 3, the number of the current transformers is 2, and two-phase AC output lines of the three-phase AC output line pass through the corresponding current transformers and are connected to the corresponding AC power output terminals.

7. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control panel is also provided with a main controller.

8. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC power input terminal and the AC power output terminal are structured as binding posts.

9. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor controller is installed and fixed via the radiator.

10. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: A DC fan is also provided on the upper surface of the radiator.

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