Ice breaking and dredging device and system and offshore photovoltaic field area system
By designing a horizontally floating ice-breaker and an ice-breaker on a special-shaped structure, combined with a heating unit and a driving mechanism, the safety problem of offshore photovoltaic devices facing sea ice load is solved, and the effective breaking, interception and melting of sea ice is achieved, ensuring that Stable operation of offshore photovoltaic field.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323503194.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-21
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing offshore photovoltaic devices cannot effectively break and intercept sea ice when facing sea ice load, resulting in sea ice freezing and expanding, threatening the operational safety of the device.
An ice-breaking and ice-breaking device is designed, including a horizontally floating ice-breaker and an ice-breaker on a special-shaped structure. Combined with a heating unit and a driving mechanism, it can crush, intercept and melt sea ice, and prevent sea ice from being re-existed through rotation and wave action. Condensation.
Effective crushing and interception of sea ice is achieved, the threat of sea ice is reduced, the safe operation of the marine photovoltaic field area is ensured, and the generation of sea ice is temporarily suspended through heating units, improving the stability of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN222275571U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of offshore photovoltaic engineering, and in particular to an ice-breaking and ice-clearing device, a system and an offshore photovoltaic field system. Background Art
[0002] The offshore area is not only rich in wind energy resources, but also in light energy resources. With the gradual development and construction of offshore wind turbines in recent years, offshore photovoltaics have gradually entered people's field of vision. Offshore photovoltaics have the advantages of not occupying land, not disturbing people, and being closer to the power load. The development of offshore photovoltaics can not only meet the demand for electricity, but also accelerate the pace of clean energy development and promote the further development of the coastal economy. However, the marine environment in which offshore photovoltaic devices are located is complex. They not only bear the wind and wave loads from the ocean, but also bear the sea ice loads in some sea areas with higher latitudes in winter. When sea ice is first formed, it is generally small ice crystals in the shape of needles or flakes; if the temperature continues to drop, a large number of ice crystals condense to form sticky or spongy ice. After further freezing, ice skin or ice cakes floating on the sea surface will be formed, that is, lotus leaf ice. After the sea surface is covered with lotus leaf ice, it begins to extend in the thickness direction, forming gray ice and white ice covering the sea surface. Gray ice and white ice float on the sea surface, moving with the wind and current. Under the winter wind, sea ice can easily cause damage to offshore structures near the coast. It is estimated that a piece of drifting ice with an area of 6 square kilometers and a height of 1.5 meters can have a thrust of 40 meganewtons, enough to knock down huge offshore engineering structures.
[0003] The existing technology usually installs icebreakers and other structures on the offshore photovoltaic base to break ice. However, the icebreakers fixed on the base only have the function of breaking ice, but not the function of blocking ice. The current ice blocking method mainly uses ice blocking cables and ice blocking nets to intercept sea ice, but it is impossible to break the intercepted sea ice. When the low temperature continues, the intercepted sea ice may freeze together, resulting in further expansion of the scale, thus forming an extreme disaster, posing a greater threat to the operation safety of the equipment in the offshore photovoltaic field. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an ice-breaking and ice-clearing device, system and offshore photovoltaic field system, which can break and intercept sea ice and reduce the threat of sea ice.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the utility model provides an ice-breaking and ice-clearing device, including an ice-breaking cylinder and a plurality of special-shaped structures arranged on the outer surface of the ice-breaking cylinder; the surface of the special-shaped structure is provided with an ice-breaking knife; the ice-breaking cylinder is filled with a buoy, and the buoy is used to make the ice-breaking cylinder float horizontally on the sea surface.
[0006] The second aspect of the utility model provides an ice-breaking and ice-draining system, comprising a driving mechanism and a plurality of ice-breaking and ice-draining devices provided in the first aspect, wherein the ice-breaking and ice-draining devices are hinged to each other, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the ice-breaking and ice-draining device for driving the ice-breaking and ice-draining device to rotate.
[0007] The third aspect of the utility model provides an offshore photovoltaic field system, including an offshore photovoltaic device and an icebreaking and ice-dredging system provided by the second aspect. The icebreaking and ice-dredging system is arranged on the periphery of the offshore photovoltaic device, and the driving mechanism in the icebreaking and ice-dredging system is electrically connected to the offshore photovoltaic device.
[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0009] The utility model provides an ice-breaking and ice-dredging device, system and offshore photovoltaic field system. The ice-breaking cylinder floating horizontally on the sea surface can not only break the sea ice through the ice-breaking blades on the special-shaped structure, but also intercept the sea ice. The ice-breaking cylinder can rotate along the rotating axis and can cut and break sea ice in a large range and area. The horizontally rotating ice-breaking cylinder can not only break the ice, but also generate continuous waves to disturb the sea water and prevent the sea ice from re-condensing. A heating unit is also provided in the ice-breaking cylinder. On the basis of breaking and intercepting ice, it can also increase the surrounding water temperature. When the sea ice is first formed, the speed of sea ice generation can be temporarily slowed down to melt the generated thin ice.
[0010] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, and partially become apparent from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ice-breaking and ice-clearing device in Example 1;
[0013] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft ring;
[0014] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the setting of the driving mechanism;
[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an offshore photovoltaic field system in Example 3.
[0016] Among them, 1. Icebreaker; 2. Special-shaped structure; 3. Icebreaker; 4. Heating unit; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Floating cylinder; 7. Rotating shaft ring; 8. Offshore photovoltaic device; 9. Icebreaking and ice-clearing system; 10. Platform; 11. Driving mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0018] Embodiment 1
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, an ice breaking and ice clearing device comprises an ice breaking cylinder 1 and a plurality of special-shaped structures 2 arranged on the outer surface of the ice breaking cylinder 1. The surface of the special-shaped structure 2 is provided with ice breaking knives 3 for breaking sea ice; the ice breaking cylinder 1 is filled with a buoy 6, and the buoy 6 is used to make the ice breaking cylinder 1 float horizontally on the sea surface, thereby intercepting the sea ice.
[0020] For sea ice protection in offshore photovoltaic areas, simply setting up an ice-breaking structure on the offshore photovoltaic base can only break up some sea ice, but cannot block ice. Existing ice-blocking cables, ice-blocking nets and other structures only have the function of blocking ice, but cannot prevent the intercepted sea ice from freezing. Therefore, this embodiment proposes an ice-breaking and ice-clearing device, which has both ice-breaking and ice-blocking functions.
[0021] The icebreaker 1 is a cylindrical structure, and a buoy 5 is filled inside so that the icebreaker 1 can float horizontally on the sea surface. The horizontally floating icebreaker 1 can not only block ice, but also break ice through the special-shaped structure 2 on the surface. The special-shaped structure 2 is distributed on the outer surface of the icebreaker 1, and a plurality of ice-breaking knives 3 are also arranged on the surface of the special-shaped structure 2. Multiple rows of special-shaped structures can be arranged along the axial direction of the icebreaker 1, and each row of special-shaped structures is evenly distributed along the circumference of the icebreaker 1. Figure 1 The example of setting 3 rows with 6 special-shaped structures in each row is used for demonstration. In actual use, the number and arrangement of special-shaped structures can be flexibly selected according to needs.
[0022] The special-shaped structure 2 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, each of which is composed of two triangular plates, which are symmetrical on the left and right to form a spliced cone structure. The sizes of the upper and lower cone structures can be the same or different. There are multiple ice breakers distributed in an array on the triangular plates. The "special-shaped" shape of the special-shaped structure and the design of the ice breakers can not only effectively avoid the formation of local continuous ice pressure during the interaction between sea ice and the special-shaped structure, but also achieve large-area, multi-directional and wide-range ice crushing.
[0023] In some embodiments, the icebreaker 1 can not only break ice and block ice, but also has the function of melting ice. The buoy 5 is made of lightweight materials and filled inside the icebreaker. A heating unit 4 is arranged between the buoy 5 and the icebreaker 1. The heating unit 4 can use an electric heating structure (such as resistance heating, etc.), which is connected to an offshore photovoltaic device through a wire, and uses the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel of the offshore photovoltaic device as an energy source for heating. At this time, the barrel material of the icebreaker 1 needs to be a heat-conducting material so that heat can be transferred to the surrounding seawater or sea ice.
[0024] In some embodiments, the icebreaker cylinder 1 is also designed to rotate along its own axis. At this time, the icebreaker cylinder 1 also needs to be connected to a driving mechanism and rotate circumferentially under the drive of the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism can be a driving motor or other device that can drive the icebreaker cylinder to rotate. The icebreaker cylinder 1 has a rotating shaft 5 at the inner center axis, and the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the buoy 6 through a gear, and the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the output end of the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate, driving the icebreaker cylinder 1 to rotate horizontally, and breaking the sea ice through the special-shaped structure. The driving mechanism is connected to the circuit of the offshore photovoltaic device and placed on a pier or platform in the photovoltaic field area, and can directly use the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels.
[0025] The ice-breaking and ice-clearing device provided in this embodiment can be arranged outside the offshore photovoltaic field, and has multiple functions such as ice-breaking, ice-blocking and ice-melting. It can also use the electricity of the offshore photovoltaic field itself to break and melt ice. The horizontally placed ice-breaking cylinder can intercept sea ice to a certain extent; the special-shaped structure on the surface of the ice-breaking cylinder and the ice-breaking blades on the special-shaped structure can break the sea ice; when there is a lot of sea ice, it can also rotate horizontally along the central axis to bend and break the sea ice; at the same time, when the ice-breaking cylinder drives the special-shaped structure to rotate, it can also generate continuous waves. Under the action of the waves, it is extremely difficult for the broken sea ice to condense again; when the sea ice is just born, the ice-breaking cylinder does not rotate, but heats the water temperature of the surrounding seawater through the heating unit to melt the sea ice. At this time, the device is similar to a "little sun", which can temporarily slow down the sea ice generation speed when the sea ice is just born and melt the generated thin ice; when the sea ice in the field reaches a certain thickness, the ice-breaking cylinder starts to rotate and break the ice.
[0026] Embodiment 2
[0027] This embodiment provides an ice breaking and ice scavenging system, including a driving mechanism and several ice breaking and ice scavenging devices provided in Embodiment 1. The ice breaking and ice scavenging devices are hinged, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the ice breaking and ice scavenging device for driving the ice breaking and ice scavenging device to rotate.
[0028] The length of a single device is limited, and it is difficult to achieve range ice blocking. For offshore photovoltaic sites or other scenarios where ice blocking is required, several icebreakers can be connected together and arranged at the outermost side of the site to intercept sea ice. Figure 2As shown, the ice breaking cylinders are mutually hinged and limited by the rotating shaft ring 7. Several ice breaking cylinders connected together form an ice breaking and ice blocking belt, and the ice breaking cylinders located on both sides are respectively connected to a driving mechanism, and the whole body rotates under the drive of the driving mechanism.
[0029] The present embodiment provides an ice-breaking and ice-clearing system, which connects several ice-breaking cylinders together to form an ice-breaking and ice-blocking belt, and connects a driving mechanism to the ends of the ice-breaking cylinders on both sides, so as to block and break ice over a large range of sea ice in one direction. The ice-breaking cylinder is arranged at the outermost side of the photovoltaic field, so it can intercept drifting ice in the external sea area and realize the "ice-blocking" function. In actual use, when the sea ice is first formed, the surrounding water temperature can be raised by the heating unit to temporarily slow down the sea ice generation speed and melt the generated thin ice; when the sea ice reaches a certain thickness, the rotating ice-breaking work is started. The horizontally rotating ice-breaking cylinder may bring part of the broken sea ice into the photovoltaic field, and it is impossible to achieve 100% ice breaking, but because the impact force of the broken sea ice is extremely small, it is not very harmful to the photovoltaic pile foundation, and the rotation of the outer ice-breaking cylinder will generate waves. Under the action of the waves, the broken sea ice is extremely difficult to condense again. If the local sea ice conditions are severe, multiple ice-breaking cylinders can be arranged inside the photovoltaic plant.
[0030] Embodiment 3
[0031] This embodiment provides an offshore photovoltaic field system, including an offshore photovoltaic device and an ice-breaking and ice-dredging system provided in several embodiments. The ice-breaking and ice-dredging system is arranged at the periphery of the offshore photovoltaic device. The driving mechanism in the ice-breaking and ice-dredging system is electrically connected to the offshore photovoltaic device, and the power generation of the offshore photovoltaic device is directly used to perform a rotary ice-breaking operation. In addition, the heating unit in each ice-breaking cylinder can also be directly electrically connected to the offshore photovoltaic device, and the power of the offshore photovoltaic device is used to melt ice.
[0032] In actual use, it is necessary to arrange and use them reasonably according to the actual sea ice conditions. Generally speaking, icebreakers are arranged at least in the outermost circle of the offshore photovoltaic device, and the icebreakers are hinged to each other through rotating rings or other structures. In areas with more severe sea ice, multiple circles can also be set. Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, four ice-breaking and ice-clearing systems 9 can be arranged in a "mouth" shape around the outside of the offshore photovoltaic device 8 to provide sea ice protection in four directions. At the same time, platforms 10 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the "mouth" shape, and a driving mechanism 11 is arranged on the platform 10. In addition, in some embodiments, a trestle can also be directly extended from the offshore photovoltaic device 8 to arrange the driving mechanism 11.
[0033] The icebreaking and ice-dredging system can be set up in one or more circles around the offshore photovoltaic device according to actual needs. It can also be arranged in multiple circles in a specific direction according to the ice conditions and the direction of the ocean current to carry out ice blocking, ice breaking and ice melting operations to ensure the stable operation of the offshore photovoltaic field system.
[0034] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An ice breaking and ice clearing device, characterized in that: It includes an ice-breaking cylinder, several special-shaped structures arranged on the outer surface of the ice-breaking cylinder and a heating unit; the surface of the special-shaped structure is provided with an ice-breaking knife; the ice-breaking cylinder is filled with a buoy, and the buoy is used to make the ice-breaking cylinder float horizontally on the sea surface; a rotating shaft is arranged at the axis of the ice-breaking cylinder, and the rotating shaft is connected to the buoy; the heating unit is arranged between the buoy and the ice-breaking cylinder, and the heating unit is electrically connected to the offshore photovoltaic device.
2. The ice breaking and ice clearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special-shaped structures are arranged in a plurality of rows along the axial direction of the ice-breaking cylinder, and the special-shaped structures in each row are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ice-breaking cylinder.
3. The ice breaking and ice clearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism, wherein the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft.
4. An ice breaking and ice clearing system, characterized in that: It comprises a driving mechanism and a plurality of ice-breaking and ice-scavenging devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ice-breaking and ice-scavenging devices are hinged to each other, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the ice-breaking and ice-scavenging device for driving the ice-breaking and ice-scavenging device to rotate.
5. The ice breaking and ice clearing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating shaft ring, through which adjacent ice-breaking and ice-scavenging devices are hinged.
6. An offshore photovoltaic field system, characterized in that: It comprises an offshore photovoltaic device and several icebreaking and ice-dredging systems as described in any one of claims 4 to 5. The icebreaking and ice-dredging systems are arranged on the periphery of the offshore photovoltaic device, and the driving mechanism in the icebreaking and ice-dredging systems is electrically connected to the offshore photovoltaic device.
7. An offshore photovoltaic field system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a platform or a trestle, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the platform or the trestle.