Explosion-proof valve structure, battery device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery protection, and discloses an anti-explosion valve structure, a battery device and a vehicle. The anti-explosion valve structure comprises an anti-explosion valve and an inner cover, the anti-explosion valve is provided with an exhaust port, a containing cavity is formed in the inner cover, the anti-explosion valve is contained in the containing cavity, the inner cover is provided with a through hole opposite to the exhaust port of the anti-explosion valve, the through hole is communicated with the exhaust port, and the through hole is covered with a hydrophobic breathable film. By covering the explosion-proof valve with the inner cover and the hydrophobic breathable film, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery pack can be discharged through the exhaust port, the through hole and the hydrophobic breathable film in sequence, but muddy water splashed in the running process of a vehicle cannot be attached to or condensed on the hydrophobic breathable film, so that the hydrophobic breathable film can be kept clean. The hydrophobic breathable film has a good isolation protection effect on the anti-explosion valve, muddy water, silt and the like are prevented from being sprayed to the anti-explosion valve, the anti-explosion valve can be normally opened in time when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the safety of the battery pack is improved, and therefore the safety performance of a vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to an explosion-proof valve structure, a battery device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The battery pack is the power source of new energy vehicles, and its safety is related to the safety performance of new energy vehicles. The battery pack will generate heat during operation. If the heat cannot be discharged in time, it will cause thermal runaway of the battery pack. In order to discharge the heat in time, explosion-proof valves are set on both sides of the battery box, and the high-temperature and high-speed gas generated when thermal runaway occurs is discharged from the explosion-proof valves.

[0003] Because the battery pack is located at the bottom of the vehicle with a ground clearance of generally 100mm-140mm, mud and water splashed during driving will spray onto the surface of the explosion-proof valve, covering or blocking the gap between the valve body and the valve core, making it impossible for the explosion-proof valve to open normally. As a result, a large amount of gas generated by the battery pack during thermal runaway cannot be discharged in time, and accumulates in the battery pack, causing risks of fire and explosion of the battery pack.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an explosion-proof valve structure, a battery device and a vehicle to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an explosion-proof valve structure, a battery device and a vehicle, which can wrap the explosion-proof valve and effectively prevent splashing mud and water from spraying onto the surface of the explosion-proof valve, so that the explosion-proof valve can be opened normally and in time when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, ensuring that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery pack can be discharged in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and thus improving the safety performance of the vehicle.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The explosion-proof valve structure includes:

[0008] An explosion-proof valve, wherein the explosion-proof valve is provided with an exhaust port;

[0009] An inner cover is provided with a containing cavity inside, the explosion-proof valve is contained in the containing cavity, the inner cover is provided with a through hole facing the exhaust port, the through hole is connected with the exhaust port, and the through hole is covered with a hydrophobic breathable film.

[0010] As an optional solution, a plurality of through holes are provided, and the plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals.

[0011] As an optional solution, a gap is reserved between the through hole and the exhaust port.

[0012] As an optional solution, a fusible welding boss is further provided on the side of the inner cover where the through hole is provided, and the welding boss is welded to the hydrophobic breathable membrane as a whole.

[0013] As an optional solution, the explosion-proof valve structure further includes:

[0014] The outer cover is arranged outside the inner cover, and the outer cover is provided with an outlet, which is communicated with the through hole.

[0015] As an option, the outlet is arranged on the lower side of the outer cover.

[0016] As an optional solution, the inner cover is connected to the inner side surface of the outer cover.

[0017] As an optional solution, the inner cover and the outer cover are connected by riveting.

[0018] A battery device includes a battery pack and also includes the explosion-proof valve structure as described above, wherein the explosion-proof valve structure is arranged at the explosion-proof port of the battery pack.

[0019] A vehicle comprises a chassis and also comprises the battery device as described above, wherein the battery device is arranged on the chassis.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] The explosion-proof valve structure proposed in the utility model is provided with an inner cover which is arranged on the explosion-proof valve, a through hole which is connected to the exhaust port is arranged on the inner cover, and a hydrophobic breathable membrane is arranged on the through hole. The hydrophobic breathable membrane is breathable but impermeable to mud, cement and sand, and has a hydrophobic function, and cannot be combined with water, thereby preventing moisture from adhering or condensing. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated when the battery pack has thermal runaway can be discharged in sequence through the exhaust port, the through hole, and the hydrophobic breathable membrane, but the mud and water splashed during the driving of the vehicle will not adhere to or condense on the hydrophobic breathable membrane, thereby keeping the hydrophobic breathable membrane clean. The hydrophobic breathable membrane forms a good isolation and protection effect on the explosion-proof valve, preventing mud, cement and sand from being sprayed onto the explosion-proof valve, so that the explosion-proof valve can be opened normally and in time when the battery pack has thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and thus improving the safety performance of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided by the embodiment of the utility model when the inner cover and the outer cover are removed;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the battery device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a battery device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hot melt welding device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hot melt rod provided in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 100, protective cover; 1, inner cover; 10, accommodating cavity; 11, through hole; 12, hollow side; 121, welding boss; 13, hot riveting column; 2, hydrophobic breathable membrane; 3, outer cover; 31, outlet; 32, connecting hole; 33, hot riveting hole;

[0030] 200, explosion-proof valve; 210, exhaust port; 220, valve body; 230, valve core;

[0031] 300, battery pack;

[0032] 400, hot melt welding device; 410, base; 411, receiving groove; 412, positioning hole; 420, pressing block; 421, positioning column; 430, hot melt rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0036] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery device for a new energy vehicle is provided on the chassis of the vehicle. The battery device includes a battery pack 300 ( Figure 1 The figure shows the body of the battery pack 300, and the cell structure is omitted). In order to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack 300 and to promptly discharge a large amount of gas generated by the battery when thermal runaway occurs, the battery pack 300 is generally provided with an explosion-proof valve 200. The explosion-proof valve 200 is generally arranged on the front side of the battery pack 300. When thermal runaway occurs, the high-temperature and high-speed gas generated is ejected horizontally.

[0038] The explosion-proof valve 200 includes a valve body 220 and a valve core 230. The valve body 220 is fixed to the outer surface of the battery pack 300, and the valve core 230 is elastically arranged in the valve body 220. Under normal circumstances, the battery pack 300 is locked; when the battery pack 300 has thermal runaway, the valve core 230 is bounced open under the impact of the high-pressure gas in the battery pack 300, and an exhaust port 210 is formed between the valve body 220, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery pack 300 can be discharged through the exhaust port 210. The specific structure of the explosion-proof valve 200 is not limited here, and the commonly used explosion-proof valve 200 structure in the prior art can be adopted.

[0039] One end of the explosion-proof valve 200 forming the exhaust port 210 is exposed to the outside. Mud, cement, sand, etc. splashed during the driving of the vehicle will be sprayed onto the surface of the explosion-proof valve 200, covering or blocking the exhaust port 210, resulting in the explosion-proof valve 200 being unable to open normally when the battery pack 300 has thermal runaway. In addition, mud, cement, and sand entering the explosion-proof valve 200 may cause corrosion to the valve core 230, causing the valve core 230 to lose its rebound function, resulting in failure of the explosion-proof valve 200.

[0040] To solve the above problems, Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment proposes an explosion-proof valve structure, which includes the above-mentioned explosion-proof valve 200 and a protective cover 100. The protective cover 100 includes an inner cover 1, and a receiving chamber 10 is arranged inside the inner cover 1. The explosion-proof valve 200 can be accommodated in the receiving chamber 10. The inner cover 1 is provided with a through hole 11 facing the exhaust port 210 of the explosion-proof valve 200. The through hole 11 is connected to the exhaust port 210, and the through hole 11 is covered with a hydrophobic breathable membrane 2.

[0041] By setting the inner cover 1 to cover the explosion-proof valve 200, setting the through hole 11 connected to the exhaust port 210 on the inner cover 1, and covering the through hole 11 with a hydrophobic breathable membrane 2, the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 is breathable but impermeable to mud, cement and sand, and has a hydrophobic function, cannot be combined with water, and can prevent moisture from adhering or condensing. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated when the battery pack 300 has thermal runaway can be discharged through the exhaust port 210, the through hole 11, and the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 in sequence, but the mud and water splashed during the vehicle driving will not adhere to or condense on the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2, so that the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 can be kept clean. The hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 forms a good isolation and protection effect on the explosion-proof valve 200, preventing mud, cement and sand from being sprayed on the explosion-proof valve 200, so that the explosion-proof valve 200 can be opened normally and in time when the battery pack 300 has thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 300 and thus improving the safety performance of the vehicle.

[0042] Alternatively, if Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure the ventilation effect, a plurality of through holes 11 are provided on the side of the inner cover 1 facing the exhaust port 210 of the explosion-proof valve 200, and the plurality of through holes 11 are arranged at intervals. The plurality of through holes 11 are distributed all over the side to form a gas flow channel as large as possible, thereby accelerating the gas discharge. The sizes of the plurality of through holes 11 can be the same or different, and the diameter of the through holes 11 is generally set to be between 1 mm and 10 mm.

[0043] Specifically, a gap is reserved between the through hole 11 and the exhaust port 210 of the explosion-proof valve 200 , so that the exhaust port 210 can be connected with each through hole 11 , and the gas exhausted from the exhaust port 210 can be quickly discharged through each through hole 11 .

[0044] Optionally, the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 is connected to the inner cover 1 by hot-melt welding. Figure 3As shown, a fusible welding boss 121 is also provided on the side of the inner cover 1 provided with the through hole 11, and the welding boss 121 is welded to be one body with the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2. The hot melt welding method is convenient to operate and has good connection strength.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the welding boss 121 is arranged along the hollow side surface 12 of the inner cover 1 in a whole circle, and forms a good sealing effect after hot-melt welding with the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 to prevent muddy water from entering the explosion-proof valve 200 from the connection between the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 and the inner cover 1.

[0046] Optionally, the height of the welding boss 121 can be set to 0.5 mm, and the width can be set to 1.5 mm. Of course, the size of the welding boss 121 is not limited thereto, and can be set as required in actual situations.

[0047] Optionally, the inner cover 1 can be made of polyester materials, such as PC+ABS, or PA66+30% glass fiber, and is preferably processed by injection molding, which is convenient to mold and has high processing efficiency.

[0048] When the battery pack 300 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-speed gas generated by the explosion-proof valve 200 will be ejected horizontally and forward, which may burn or scald nearby personnel. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the protective cover 100 also includes an outer cover 3, which is arranged on the outside of the inner cover 1. An outlet 31 is arranged on the outer cover 3, and the outlet 31 is connected to the through hole 11. The high-temperature and high-speed gas ejected through the inner cover 1 is first ejected into the outer cover 3, and then discharged into the air environment through the outlet 31 on the outer cover 3. By setting the direction of the outlet 31, the flow path of the high-temperature gas can avoid nearby personnel, thereby avoiding harm to personnel.

[0049] Optionally, the outlet 31 is arranged on the lower side of the outer cover 3, so that the high-temperature and high-speed gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve 200 is ejected vertically downward to the ground, which can fully avoid causing personal injury. Of course, the outlet 31 on the outer cover 3 can also be arranged obliquely so that the gas discharge direction is inclined downward, which can also play a certain protective role.

[0050] Optionally, the outer cover 3 is connected to the box body of the battery pack 300 by fasteners such as bolts or screws. Figure 3 As shown, a connection hole 32 is provided on each side of the outer cover 3, and the fastener passes through the connection hole 32 for connection.

[0051] Optionally, the outer cover 3 is configured as a curved surface molding part, and can be made of steel, aluminum, or high temperature resistant non-metallic materials. During processing, it can be processed by casting, which is convenient for processing a curved surface.

[0052] In order to quickly install the protective cover 100 on the battery pack 300, the inner cover 1 and the outer cover 3 may be configured as an integral structure. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner cover 1 is connected to the inner side of the outer cover 3 , so that the inner cover 1 and the outer cover 3 are assembled into one piece before installation, and then installed as a whole in the battery pack 300 .

[0053] Optionally, the inner cover 1 and the outer cover 3 are connected by riveting, and the riveting connection is firm and easy to operate.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, two hot riveting posts 13 are arranged on the upper side of the inner cover 1, and two hot riveting holes 33 are correspondingly arranged on the upper side of the outer cover 3. During assembly, the inner cover 1 is placed inside the outer cover 3, and the hot riveting posts 13 are inserted into the hot riveting holes 33 to complete the pre-assembly. Then, the hot riveting posts 13 are heated and melted, and the hot riveting posts 13 are deformed under the pressure of the tool, and then stretched out and attached to the outer cover 3 to form a mechanical connection, so that the outer cover 3 and the inner cover 1 are connected as a whole.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a battery device, including a battery pack 300 and the explosion-proof valve structure 100 as described above, wherein the explosion-proof valve structure 100 is arranged at the explosion-proof port of the battery pack 300. The gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve 200 can be discharged through the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2, and the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 can prevent external liquid from entering the explosion-proof valve 200, thereby forming a good protective effect for the explosion-proof valve 200, so that the explosion-proof valve 200 can be opened normally and in time when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 300, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 300.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, including a chassis and the battery device as described above, wherein the battery device is arranged on the chassis. By adopting the high-safety battery device, the safety performance of the vehicle is improved.

[0057] In order to realize the assembly of explosion-proof valve structure, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a hot melt welding device 400, which includes a base 410 and a pressing block 420. The base 410 is provided with a receiving groove 411, and the receiving groove 411 is used to receive the inner cover 1. When the inner cover 1 is placed in the receiving groove 411, the welding boss 121 protrudes from the upper surface of the base 410, such as 0.2 mm higher. The pressing block 420 can adsorb the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2, the pressing block 420 is buckled with the base 410, and the welding boss 121 is heated to melt the welding boss 121, so as to achieve the connection between the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 and the inner cover 1.

[0058] In order to position the pressing block 420 and the base 410 when they are molded together, four positioning holes 412 are provided on the base 410, and four positioning posts 421 are correspondingly provided on the pressing block 420. When the pressing block 420 and the base 410 are molded together, the positioning posts 421 are inserted into the corresponding positioning holes 412 one by one.

[0059] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the hot melt welding device 400 further includes a hot melt rod 430, which is used to heat and melt the hot rivet stud 13. After the hydrophobic breathable membrane 2 and the inner cover 1 are assembled to form a semi-finished product, the semi-finished product is pre-assembled with the outer cover 3, so that the hot rivet stud 13 on the inner cover 1 is inserted into the hot rivet hole 33 on the outer cover 3, and then the hot melt rod 430 is used to heat and melt the riveted point, and the hot rivet stud 13 is deformed under the pressure of the hot melt rod 430, and then stretched out and attached to the outer cover 3 to form a mechanical connection, so that the outer cover 3 and the inner cover 1 are connected as a whole.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Explosion-proof valve structure, characterized in that: include: An explosion-proof valve (200), wherein the explosion-proof valve (200) is provided with an exhaust port (210); An inner cover (1), wherein a receiving chamber (10) is arranged inside the inner cover (1), the explosion-proof valve (200) is accommodated in the receiving chamber (10), the inner cover (1) is provided with a through hole (11) facing the exhaust port (210), the through hole (11) is connected to the exhaust port (210), and the through hole (11) is covered with a hydrophobic breathable membrane (2).

2. The explosion-proof valve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (11) are provided, and the plurality of through holes (11) are arranged at intervals.

3. The explosion-proof valve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is reserved between the through hole (11) and the exhaust port (210).

4. The explosion-proof valve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fusible welding boss (121) is also provided on the side of the inner cover (1) where the through hole (11) is provided, and the welding boss (121) is welded to the hydrophobic breathable membrane (2) as a whole.

5. The explosion-proof valve structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The explosion-proof valve structure also includes: An outer cover (3), the outer cover (3) being arranged outside the inner cover (1), the outer cover (3) being provided with an outlet (31), the outlet (31) being connected to the through hole (11).

6. The explosion-proof valve structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outlet (31) is arranged on the lower side of the outer cover (3).

7. The explosion-proof valve structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cover (1) is connected to the inner side surface of the outer cover (3).

8. The explosion-proof valve structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner cover (1) and the outer cover (3) are connected by riveting.

9. A battery device, comprising a battery pack (300), characterized in that: The battery device further comprises an explosion-proof valve structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the explosion-proof valve structure is arranged at the explosion-proof port of the battery pack (300).

10. A vehicle, including a chassis, characterized in that It also includes a battery device as described in claim 9, wherein the battery device is arranged on the chassis.

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