Quartering hammer and excavator

Abstract

The utility model provides a breaking hammer and an excavator. The breaking hammer comprises a piston cavity, and a piston and hydraulic oil pushing the piston to move are contained in the piston cavity; the reversing valve is provided with a reversing cavity which is communicated with the piston cavity; the protection valve can be communicated with the reversing cavity; the hydraulic oil in the piston cavity enters the reversing cavity, and when the pressure in the reversing cavity reaches a set value, the hydraulic oil can push a valve element of the protection valve to move, so that the hydraulic oil in the reversing cavity enters the protection valve. Therefore, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the reversing cavity can be reduced through the protection valve, and the service life of the reversing valve and the sealing piece is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and specifically to a breaker hammer and an excavator. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic breaker is the most widely used excavator attachment in domestic mines. The hardness of stones in mines varies greatly. When a hydraulic breaker breaks stones with large differences in hardness, the rebound force it is subjected to varies greatly. When breaking rocks with relatively high hardness, the instantaneous pressure in the high and low pressure switching chamber of the reversing hydraulic valve can reach a maximum of about 600 bar. The high-pressure shock has a significant impact on the life of the breaker's reversing valve and hydraulic oil seal. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a breaker hammer, which can reduce the pressure in the reversing valve to extend the life of the reversing valve and the sealing member. In addition, the present application also provides an excavator including the breaker hammer. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] A breaker hammer, comprising:

[0005] A piston chamber containing a piston and hydraulic oil for driving the piston to move;

[0006] A reversing valve having a reversing cavity, wherein the reversing cavity is communicated with the piston cavity;

[0007] A protection valve, capable of communicating with the reversing chamber;

[0008] The hydraulic oil in the piston chamber enters the reversing chamber, and when the pressure in the reversing chamber reaches a set value, the hydraulic oil can push the valve core of the protection valve to move, so that the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber enters the protection valve.

[0009] Optionally, the above-mentioned breaker hammer further includes an accumulator for storing and releasing energy, and the protection valve is connected to the accumulator.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breaker, the protection valve comprises a valve body, the valve core, a first channel and a second channel, wherein:

[0011] One end of the first channel is communicated with the reversing chamber, and under the push of the hydraulic oil of set pressure, the through hole of the valve core is communicated with the other end of the first channel;

[0012] One end of the second channel is communicated with the accumulator, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the through hole.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breaker hammer, the first channel is blocked by the outer peripheral wall of the valve core, and the outer peripheral wall of the valve core is provided with a push surface, and the push surface is located within the opening range of the first channel.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breaker, the protection valve also includes a valve cover and an elastic member, a first groove is provided at one end of the valve core facing the valve cover, and a second groove is provided at one end of the valve cover facing the valve core, and the first groove and the second groove constitute an accommodating chamber for accommodating the elastic member.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breaker hammer, one end of the valve core is connected to the second channel to form a first annular surface, the other end of the valve core is provided with the groove to form a second annular surface, and the sum of the areas of the first annular surface and the push surface is equal to the area of ​​the second annular surface.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breaker hammer, the reversing valve is provided with a first hole, the protection valve is provided with a second hole, and the first hole is connected to the second hole to form the first channel.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breaker hammer, the reversing valve is provided with a third hole, the protection valve is provided with a fourth hole, and the third hole is connected to the fourth hole to form a part of the second channel.

[0018] An excavator comprises the breaker hammer described in any one of the above items.

[0019] The present application provides a breaker hammer, whose piston chamber is connected with the reversing chamber of the reversing valve, and the piston moves under the push of the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber, and the hydraulic oil is simultaneously present in the reversing chamber. When the hardness of the crushing object is relatively large, the piston is subjected to a relatively large reaction force, and more hydraulic oil in the piston enters the reversing chamber, and the pressure in the reversing chamber increases instantly until the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber reaches a set value, and the hydraulic oil can push the valve core of the protection valve to move, so that the protection valve is connected with the reversing chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber enters the protection valve. It can be seen that the setting of the protection valve can reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber, thereby extending the life of the reversing valve and the sealing component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protection valve provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protection valve and the reversing valve provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a breaker hammer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the push surface provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] exist Figure 1-Figure 4 middle:

[0026] 1. Piston; 2. Reversing valve; 21. Reversing chamber; 3. Protection valve; 31. Valve body; 32. Valve core; 321. First annular surface; 322. Second annular surface; 323. Push surface; 33. First channel; 34. Second channel; 35. Through hole; 36. Elastic member; 37. Valve cover; 4. Accumulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application provides a breaker hammer, which can reduce the pressure in the reversing valve to extend the service life of the reversing valve and the sealing element. In addition, the present application also provides an excavator including the breaker hammer.

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the prior art, when the breaker is breaking a harder object, the pressure in the reversing valve 2 rises instantly and reaches a certain high pressure value or peak value, which has a great impact on the internal structure of the breaker, especially on the life of the reversing valve 2 and the seal.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a breaker provided by the present application includes a piston chamber, a reversing valve 2 and a protection valve 3, wherein the piston chamber is connected to the reversing chamber 21 of the reversing valve 2, and when the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 reaches a set value, the reversing chamber 21 can be connected to the protection valve 3. More specifically, the piston 1 in the piston chamber works under the push of the hydraulic oil, and the reversing valve 2 can control the flow direction and pressure of the hydraulic oil to achieve the switching between different working states of the breaker. When the pressure of the crushing object is large, more hydraulic oil in the piston chamber flows into the reversing chamber 21, thereby increasing the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 until it reaches the set value, and the hydraulic oil pushes the valve core 32 of the protection valve 3 to move, so that part of the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 enters the protection valve 3, and the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 is reduced. It can be seen that the setting of the protection valve 3 reduces the impact on the seal and prolongs the life of the reversing valve 2 and the seal.

[0031] It should be noted that when the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 does not reach the set value, the protection valve 3 is not connected to the reversing chamber 21 .

[0032] In a certain example, when the breaker hammer breaks a target with a relatively high hardness, the instantaneous high pressure in the reversing chamber 21 can reach a maximum of 600 bar. A protection valve 3 is added on the basis of the original reversing valve 2. When the piston 1 is subjected to a large reaction force, the protection valve 3 can transfer the instantaneous high pressure to the accumulator 4 to store energy, thereby reducing the pressure in the reversing chamber 21 to 250 bar (i.e., the opening and closing setting of the protection valve 3 is at 350 bar). The setting of the protection valve 3 plays a role in overflow protection and prolongs the service life of the seal and the reversing valve 2.

[0033] In addition, Figure 3 As shown, it also includes an accumulator 4 for storing and releasing energy, and the protection valve 3 is connected to the accumulator 4. The accumulator 4 can store and release energy, balance the system pressure, improve work efficiency, and ensure that the breaker can stably and efficiently complete the task when crushing rocks or other hard materials. The high-pressure hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 enters the protection valve 3, and the protection valve 3 delivers more hydraulic oil to the accumulator 4, thereby storing the energy of the hydraulic oil. It can be seen from the connection between the protection valve 3 and the accumulator 4 that the energy of the hydraulic oil is stored, realizing the reuse of energy, and the stored energy can help the next crushing work and improve the crushing efficiency.

[0034] In addition, the protection valve 3 and the accumulator 4 may not be connected, but the protection valve 3 may be connected to other energy storage devices such as a hydraulic energy storage device to recover and utilize energy.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the protection valve 3 includes a valve body 31, a valve core 32, a first channel 33 and a second channel 34, wherein one end of the first channel 33 is connected to the reversing chamber 21, and under the push of the hydraulic oil of the set pressure, the through hole 35 of the valve core 32 is connected to the other end of the first channel 33; one end of the second channel 34 is connected to the accumulator 4, and the other end is connected to the through hole 35. The working principle of the protection valve 3 is that when the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber 21 suddenly rises, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first channel 33 connecting the reversing chamber 21 and the protection valve 3 reaches the set value, and the hydraulic oil reaching the set value pushes the valve core 32 to move, and the through hole 35 on the valve core 32 is connected to the hydraulic oil in the first channel 33, and the hydraulic oil passes through the through hole 35 and enters the second channel 34, and the hydraulic oil in the second channel 34 enters the accumulator 4 to store the energy of the hydraulic oil. It can be seen that the working principle of the protection valve 3 is simple, and the structure is also very simple, which is conducive to popularization and use.

[0036] Among them, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first channel 33 is blocked by the outer peripheral wall of the valve core 32, and the outer peripheral wall of the valve core 32 is provided with a push surface 323, and the push surface 323 is located within the opening range of the first channel 33. The valve core 32 has an outer peripheral wall, and has at least two outer peripheral walls with different diameters. The surface connecting the two outer peripheral walls with different diameters is the push surface 323, and the push surface 323 can be an inclined surface or a vertical surface, which can be set according to needs. The push surface 323 is located within the opening range of the first channel 33, so that the hydraulic oil can realize the movement of the valve core 32 by pushing the push surface 323. It can be seen that the structure for realizing the movement of the valve core 32 is simple, and the push surface 323 is firm and not easy to be damaged, which is conducive to the wide use of the protection valve 3.

[0037] It should be noted that Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the push surface, in which the dotted line is only for interruption and does not belong to the specific components of this application.

[0038] Furthermore, the protection valve 3 further includes a valve cover 37 and an elastic member 36, a first groove is provided at one end of the valve core 32 facing the valve cover 37, and a second groove is provided at one end of the valve cover 37 facing the valve core 32, and the first groove and the second groove constitute a receiving chamber for receiving the elastic member 36. It should be noted that, in combination with the above, the hydraulic oil can move the valve core 32 by pushing the push surface 323, and whether the valve core 32 can move is related to the elastic force of the elastic member 36 set at the end of the valve core 32, that is, when the pressure value of the hydraulic oil is greater than the elastic force of the elastic member 36, the hydraulic oil pushes the valve core 32 to move through the push surface 323, so that the valve core 32 is connected to the reversing chamber 21, so as to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the reversing valve 2.

[0039] The first groove and the second groove have a limiting effect on the elastic member 36 , thereby making the movement process of the valve core 32 smoother.

[0040] The pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first channel 33 decreases, the elastic member 36 recovers its deformation, and the connection between the reversing chamber 21 and the protection valve 3 is interrupted.

[0041] It should be noted that the elastic member 36 can be, but is not limited to, a spring.

[0042] At the same time, one end of the valve core 32 is connected to the second channel 34 to form a first annular surface 321, and the other end of the valve core 32 is provided with a groove to form a second annular surface 322, and the sum of the areas of the first annular surface 321 and the push surface 323 is equal to the area of ​​the second annular surface 322. That is, the two ends of the valve core 32 that are arranged opposite to each other are annular, and the sum of the areas of the first annular surface 321 and the push surface 323 is equal to the area of ​​the second annular surface 322, so that the hydraulic oil can be prevented from flowing back from the protection valve 3 to the reversing chamber 21, thereby improving the pressure relief function of the protection valve 3.

[0043] In addition, the sum of the areas of the first annular surface 321 and the push surface 323 may not be equal to the area of ​​the second annular surface 322, but the sum of the areas of the first annular surface 321 and the push surface 323 cannot differ too much from the area of ​​the second annular surface 322, on the premise that the hydraulic oil can push the valve core 32 so that the valve core 32 is connected to the reversing chamber 21.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the reversing valve 2 is provided with a first hole, the protection valve 3 is provided with a second hole, and the first hole and the second hole are connected to form a first channel 33. That is, the protection valve 3 is connected to the reversing valve 2 in abutment, and the first hole is a hole provided on the reversing valve 2, and the second hole is a hole provided on the valve body 31 of the protection valve 3. In this way, the first channel 33 is formed. Such a setting avoids the need to provide a pipeline between the protection valve 3 and the reversing valve 2, saves cost, and makes the structure compact and saves space.

[0045] In some other optional embodiments, a pipeline is arranged between the first hole of the reversing valve 2 and the second hole of the protection valve 3 for connecting the first hole and the second hole. The pipeline arranged between the first hole and the second hole can alleviate the direct impact of the high-pressure hydraulic oil on the protection valve 3, has a protective effect on the protection valve 3, and prolongs the life of the protection valve 3.

[0046] In addition, the reversing valve 2 is provided with a third hole, the protection valve 3 is provided with a fourth hole, and the third hole is connected with the fourth hole to form a part of the second channel 34. The second channel 34 includes a part, and a pipeline connecting the part and the accumulator 4. The formation of the second channel 34 fully utilizes the overall structural layout of the breaker in the prior art (that is, the accumulator 4 and the reversing valve 2 are not abutted). In this way, the hydraulic oil in the reversing valve 2 of the breaker is fully recovered on the basis of the original breaker, and the structure is compact.

[0047] In some other optional embodiments, the third hole and the fourth hole form the entire second channel 34 (i.e., the accumulator 4 is in contact with the protective valve 3). In this way, the setting of pipelines is avoided, and the waste of energy of high-pressure hydraulic oil entering the accumulator 4 in the pipeline is avoided, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0048] Alternatively, the reversing valve 2 may be provided with a third hole, the protection valve 3 may be provided with a fourth hole, and a pipeline may be provided between the third hole and the fourth hole to connect the reversing valve 2 and the protection valve 3 .

[0049] The embodiment of the present application further provides an excavator, which includes the above-mentioned breaker hammer. The beneficial effects of the excavator brought by the above-mentioned breaker hammer can be found in the above-mentioned description of the breaker hammer, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] The basic principles of the present application are described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, strengths, effects, etc. are required by each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustration and ease of understanding, not for limitation, and the above details do not limit the present application to being implemented by adopting the above specific details.

[0051] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in this application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagram. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open words, referring to "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them. The words "or" and "and" used here refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with them, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The words "such as" used here refer to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them.

[0052] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. Such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0053] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0054] It should be understood that the qualifiers "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" and "sixth" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only used to more clearly explain the technical solutions and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0055] The above description has been given for the purpose of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A breaker hammer, characterized in that: include: A piston chamber containing a piston and hydraulic oil for driving the piston to move; A reversing valve having a reversing cavity, wherein the reversing cavity is communicated with the piston cavity; A protection valve, capable of communicating with the reversing chamber; The hydraulic oil in the piston chamber enters the reversing chamber, and when the pressure in the reversing chamber reaches a set value, the hydraulic oil can push the valve core of the protection valve to move, so that the hydraulic oil in the reversing chamber enters the protection valve.

2. The breaker hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an accumulator for storing and releasing energy, and the protection valve is communicated with the accumulator.

3. The breaker hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protection valve comprises a valve body, the valve core, a first channel and a second channel, wherein: One end of the first channel is communicated with the reversing chamber, and under the push of the hydraulic oil of set pressure, the through hole of the valve core is communicated with the other end of the first channel; One end of the second channel is communicated with the accumulator, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the through hole.

4. The breaker hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first channel is blocked by the outer peripheral wall of the valve core, and the outer peripheral wall of the valve core is provided with a push surface, and the push surface is located within the opening range of the first channel.

5. The breaker hammer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protection valve also includes a valve cover and an elastic member. The valve core is provided with a first groove at one end facing the valve cover, and the valve cover is provided with a second groove at one end facing the valve core. The first groove and the second groove constitute an accommodating cavity for accommodating the elastic member.

6. The breaker hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the valve core is connected to the second channel to form a first annular surface, and the other end of the valve core is provided with the groove to form a second annular surface, and the sum of the areas of the first annular surface and the push surface is equal to the area of ​​the second annular surface.

7. The breaker hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reversing valve is provided with a first hole, the protection valve is provided with a second hole, and the first hole is connected with the second hole to form the first channel.

8. The breaker hammer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reversing valve is provided with a third hole, the protection valve is provided with a fourth hole, and the third hole is connected to the fourth hole to form a part of the second channel.

9. An excavator, characterized in that: A breaker hammer comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

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