High-voltage electric connector and radar traveling wave tube outer circulation testing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-voltage electric connector and a radar traveling wave tube outer circulation testing device, and belongs to the technical field of radar emission. The device comprises a traveling wave tube, a radio frequency test subsystem, a low-voltage box, a high-voltage oil tank and a cooling subsystem, the radio frequency test subsystem outputs a radio frequency signal to a traveling wave tube, and the traveling wave tube outputs a signal to a load through a directional coupler; a pre-amplifier, a control and protection circuit and a frequency converter are arranged in the low-voltage box; a high-voltage power supply, a filament and a modulation power supply are arranged in the high-voltage The high-voltage power supply supplies multiple paths of high voltage to the cathode of the traveling wave tube, the collector, the filament and the modulation power supply respectively; the filament and modulation power supply floats on the high voltage to generate a traveling wave tube grid voltage and a filament voltage; the high-voltage box is a sealed case filled with silicone oil and is connected with the traveling wave tube through a high-voltage electric connector. The device can be used for independent function test, debugging and acceptance inspection of the traveling wave tube; and the method can also be used for debugging a high-voltage circuit, a filament and a modulation power supply which take the traveling wave tube as a load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of radar emission, and in particular relates to a high-voltage electric connector and a radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device. Background Art

[0002] The traveling wave tube is the core device of the radar centralized transmitting unit, which realizes the amplification of low-power signals. In the radar system, the output of the traveling wave tube is transmitted to the antenna unit through the feeder. It usually has 4 to 6 poles: cathode (K), filament pole (F), collector (C), grid (G), titanium pump pole (T). Among them, the grid or collector is sometimes set to two; the titanium pump can be removed in a traveling wave tube with good sealing. When the filament heats the cathode to 1000℃~1200℃, the cathode begins to emit electrons. The grid is used to control the working mode of the traveling wave tube. When the grid is turned on, the cathode begins to emit an electron beam, and the collector receives the electron beam. The electron beam exchanges energy with the high-frequency small signal on the way to form a high-frequency and high-power output.

[0003] There are usually two types of traveling wave tube structures: cylindrical bare tube (without heat dissipation base plate) and rectangular parallelepiped (with built-in heat dissipation base plate). There are also two corresponding installation methods of traveling wave tubes in radar centralized transmitters:

[0004] (1) The traveling wave tube is inserted into the oil tank through a sealing ring. Except for the RF input and output, the power supply and control terminals are concentrated on one side of the traveling wave tube. They are connected to the connection terminals of the high-voltage power supply, filament and modulation power supply in the oil tank to achieve high-voltage power supply, grid modulation, filament pressure difference, etc.

[0005] (2) The traveling wave tube is not in the oil tank. The terminal is led out and connected to the high-voltage power supply, filament and modulation power supply through the high-voltage electrical connector. However, the high-voltage power supply, filament and modulation power supply are placed in the oil tank. The high-voltage electrical connector realizes the transmission of high-voltage DC and gate pulses.

[0006] In the past, the TWT test in radars required a fully assembled transmitter. After the TWT was installed in the transmitter, power, waveform, and spectrum anomalies often occurred, which urgently required an independent TWT test system for isolation testing and fault confirmation. The high high-voltage isolation and silicone oil insulation requirements of the transmitter also limited the development of independent TWT test systems to a certain extent.

[0007] According to the working requirements of the traveling wave tube, the normal operation of the traveling wave tube requires a filament power supply, a cathode power supply, a grid power supply, and a collector power supply. The working state of the traveling wave tube is controlled by the grid. When the grid voltage is the rated negative voltage, the traveling wave tube does not work. When the grid voltage is the rated positive grid voltage, the traveling wave tube works.

[0008] At present, the test equipment used by TWT manufacturers is huge, and its power supply voltage is not convenient to adjust. The cooling system environment is cooled by industrial fans, and the RF output is tested by the test cabinet. The high-voltage connection surface and high-voltage lead of the TWT are completely placed in silicone oil, the connection is complicated, and the high-voltage waveform cannot be tested in real time. The entire test system cannot be moved, and the equipment is large. This test method cannot provide a convenient and feasible means of debugging and testing after the delivery of the transmission system. If the TWT is installed in the transmitter for testing each time, the TWT is indirectly tested by testing the relevant indicators of the transmitter, there will be problems such as incomplete indicator coverage and repeated assembly work. Summary of the invention

[0009] The utility model aims to provide a high-voltage electrical connector and a radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device, which can be used for independent function test, debugging and acceptance of traveling wave tubes; and can also be used for debugging high-voltage circuits, filaments and modulation power supplies that use traveling wave tubes as loads.

[0010] Specifically, on the one hand, the utility model provides a high-voltage electrical connector, including a tail accessory, a circular groove is provided in the center of the tail accessory, and a sealing ring is embedded in the circular groove for sealing; a plurality of connection terminal mounting holes are provided in the middle of the circular groove, and a connection terminal and a corresponding high-voltage lead are led out of each connection terminal mounting hole, and the connection terminals are isolated and insulated from each other; an internal docking thread is provided on one side of the tail accessory, and a plurality of the connection terminals and a plurality of high-voltage leads are provided on the other side.

[0011] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a high-voltage electrical connector, including a fixed flange and a tail accessory that are fixedly connected, the tail accessory is provided with a circular groove in the center, and a sealing ring is embedded in the circular groove for sealing; a plurality of connection terminal mounting holes are provided in the middle of the circular groove, and a connection terminal and a corresponding high-voltage lead are led out of each connection terminal mounting hole, and the connection terminals are isolated and insulated from each other; an external docking thread is provided on one side of the tail accessory, and a plurality of the connection terminals and a plurality of high-voltage leads are provided on the other side; a fastener or a through hole for inserting a fastener is provided on the fixed flange.

[0012] Furthermore, the core wire terminal of the high-voltage electrical connector is made of copper alloy, the surface is coated with gold, and the shell is made of engineering plastic.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealing ring is made of fluorosilicone rubber.

[0014] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device, including a traveling wave tube, a radio frequency test subsystem, a low-pressure box, a high-pressure oil tank, and a cooling subsystem;

[0015] The RF test subsystem includes a signal source, a preamplifier, a directional coupler, an output matching load, a spectrum analyzer, a power meter, and an oscilloscope; the preamplifier pre-amplifies the low-power RF signal provided by the RF signal source to obtain a RF signal that meets the excitation of the traveling wave tube, and the RF signal is output to the RF input port of the traveling wave tube through the RF cable, and the output signal of the traveling wave tube is sent out from the RF output window of the traveling wave tube and sent to the output matching load through the directional coupler; the output signal of the directional coupler is provided to the control protection circuit for detection, and is connected to the spectrum analyzer, power meter, and oscilloscope through the RF cable for related tests;

[0016] The low-voltage box outputs a high-voltage on or off control signal, which is used to control the on and off of the high voltage, receive the temperature and current feedback signals of the traveling wave tube, and output the radio frequency input signal required by the traveling wave tube; a preamplifier, a control and protection circuit, and a frequency converter are placed in the low-voltage box; the control and protection circuit is used for the on and off of the high-voltage power supply and the fault detection and / or power detection of the traveling wave tube. When the current of the traveling wave tube body is too large, the high voltage is over-voltage or the high voltage is under-voltage, the protection circuit is started and the high-voltage power supply is automatically shut down to protect the traveling wave tube; the frequency converter converts the AC power supply into high-voltage DC power and provides it to the high-voltage power supply in the high-voltage box, and converts the AC power supply into low-voltage DC power and provides it to the control and protection circuit;

[0017] The high-voltage box contains a high-voltage power supply, a filament and a modulation power supply, and a high-voltage lead; the high-voltage power supply boosts the high-voltage direct current through a high-voltage transformer, and then obtains multiple high voltages after voltage doubling, rectification and filtering, which are respectively supplied to the cathode, collector, filament and modulation power supply of the traveling wave tube; the filament and modulation power supply float on the high voltage to generate the grid voltage and filament voltage required by the traveling wave tube; the high-voltage box is a sealed box filled with silicone oil, and is connected to the traveling wave tube through the above-mentioned high-voltage electrical connector; the high-voltage power supply, the filament and the modulation power supply, and the leads of the high-voltage electrical connector are all completely immersed in silicone oil; the internal butt thread of the above-mentioned high-voltage electrical connector is butt-jointed with the external butt thread of the above-mentioned high-voltage electrical connector;

[0018] The cooling subsystem includes a cold plate which is closely fitted to the bottom of the traveling wave tube.

[0019] Furthermore, a heat conducting plate is provided at the bottom of the traveling wave tube, and thermal grease is evenly applied to the bottom of the heat conducting plate, which is mounted on a cold plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the cooling subsystem also includes a fan and an axial flow fan. The fan sends air from the cathode side of the traveling wave tube and flows toward the collector side. The axial flow fan is installed on the left and right sides of the collector of the traveling wave tube.

[0021] Furthermore, an equalizer or a controllable attenuator is provided between the pre-amplifier and the traveling wave tube for adjusting the power input to the traveling wave tube.

[0022] Furthermore, various high voltages generated in the high-pressure oil tank are transmitted to the traveling wave tube through a docked high-voltage electrical connector; wherein the high-voltage electrical connector is fixed to the oil tank through a flange, and the high-voltage lead is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the filament and the output end of the modulation power supply; the high-voltage lead of the high-voltage electrical connector is connected to the lead-out terminal of the traveling wave tube.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the high-voltage electrical connector and the radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device of the utility model are as follows:

[0024] The problem of high-voltage power supply outside the traveling wave tube tank was solved, reducing the workload of traveling wave tube batch testing; the power supply, control, cooling and radio frequency subsystems of the traveling wave tube were built; isolation and insulation measures for the male and female docking of the high-voltage connector outside the tank were designed; and a system-level external loop debugging and testing system for independent operation of the radar traveling wave tube was realized.

[0025] The utility model of the radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device realizes the circulation of the traveling wave tube outside the transmitter box, which is similar to the extracorporeal heart circulation system in medicine. The external circulation test puts forward high requirements on the design of the high-pressure oil tank, the pressure resistance of the high-pressure electrical connector, the cooling of the traveling wave tube, etc. The traveling wave tube is fixed on the cold plate, and the heat is dissipated by blowing air from a table fan, or the axial flow fan is fixed on the edge of the cold plate to exhaust air. The control circuit, the preamplifier, etc. are placed in the low-voltage box. The high-voltage power supply, the filament and the modulation power supply are placed in the oil tank. The high-voltage connection between the low-voltage box and the oil tank is realized through the high-voltage electrical connector. The external circulation system can be used for independent function testing, debugging and acceptance of the traveling wave tube; it can also be used for debugging the high-voltage circuit, filament and modulation power supply that use the traveling wave tube as a load; it solves the problem of convenient testing of the traveling wave tube for delivery to the system after leaving the factory. The traveling wave tube external circulation test system is small in size and light in weight, with adjustable power supply voltage, adjustable working ratio, adjustable radio frequency input, and can test the high-voltage waveform in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system framework of this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the radio frequency subsystem of the traveling wave tube of this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the directional coupler of this embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of the traveling wave tube of this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inverter input terminal of this embodiment being inserted into the fuse board.

[0031] Figure 6 4 is a front view of the high voltage connector of this embodiment.

[0032] Figure 7 4 is a side view of the female high voltage connector of this embodiment.

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the docking of the high-voltage connector of this embodiment.

[0034] Markings in the figure: 101-electric fan, 102-cold plate, 2-traveling wave tube, 201-traveling wave tube power input terminal, 202-filament, 203-grid, 204-RF input port, 205-RF output window, 3-high voltage electrical connector, 3A1-high voltage lead of male high voltage connector, 3A2-tail accessory of male high voltage connector, 3A3-butt thread of male high voltage connector, 3B1-connection terminal, 3B2-tail accessory of female high voltage connector, 3B3-high voltage lead of female high voltage connector, 3B4-butt thread of female high voltage connector, 3B5-fixing flange, 3B51-annular sealing groove, 3B52-sealing ring, 3B53-through hole, 4-high-pressure oil tank, 401-part of the side wall of the high-pressure oil tank, 501-signal source, 502-RF cable 1, 503-RF cable 2, 504-output matching load, 505-directional coupler, 5051-upper end surface of the directional coupler, 5052-SMA coupling port, 5053-lower end surface of the directional coupler, 506-oscilloscope, 507-spectrum analyzer, 508-power meter, 601-preamplifier or equalizer, 602-negative output terminal of the inverter, 603-positive output terminal of the inverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0036] One embodiment of the utility model is a radar traveling wave tube external circulation testing device.

[0037] 1. External circulation test system framework of traveling wave tube

[0038] In terms of electrical performance, the traveling wave tube external circulation test system consists of four subsystems: power supply, control, radio frequency, and cooling. In terms of structural layout, the traveling wave tube external circulation test system includes traveling wave tube, radio frequency test subsystem, low-pressure box, high-pressure oil tank, cooling subsystem, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0039] The RF test subsystem consists of a signal source, a preamplifier, a directional coupler, an output matching load, a spectrum analyzer, a power meter, an oscilloscope, etc. The preamplifier is placed in a low-voltage box, and the signal source provides the input signal. The directional coupler and the output matching load are installed on the outside of the output window of the traveling wave tube. The preamplifier pre-amplifies the low-power RF signal provided by the RF signal source to obtain an RF signal that meets the excitation of the traveling wave tube. The RF signal is output to the RF input port of the traveling wave tube through an RF cable, and the output signal of the traveling wave tube is sent out from the RF output window of the traveling wave tube through a directional coupler to the output matching load; the RF coupling signal output by the directional coupler is a low-power signal coupled to the output of the traveling wave tube, which is provided to the control protection circuit for detection, and is connected to the spectrum analyzer, power meter, and oscilloscope through an RF cable for related tests;

[0040] The low-voltage box outputs a control signal (controls the opening and closing of the high voltage), receives the temperature and current feedback signals of the traveling wave tube, and outputs the RF input signal required by the traveling wave tube. A preamplifier, a control and protection circuit, and a frequency converter are placed in the low-voltage box. The preamplifier pre-amplifies the low-power RF signal provided by the signal source to obtain an RF signal that meets the excitation requirements of the traveling wave tube. 400Hz / 115V is used as the source input AC power, which is converted into high-voltage DC power (for example, DC 300V) in the frequency converter of the low-voltage box and provided to the high-voltage power supply in the high-voltage box. The AC power is converted into low-voltage DC power (for example, DC 28V) and provided to the control and protection circuit. The control and protection circuit is an analog and digital hybrid circuit, which is mainly responsible for the switching of the high-voltage power supply and the fault detection and / or power detection of the traveling wave tube. The protection items include overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, etc. The control and protection circuit can also detect power. The circuit design adopts single-chip microcomputer control protection technology. When the current of the traveling wave tube body is too large, the high voltage is overvoltage or undervoltage, the protection circuit starts and automatically shuts down the high-voltage power supply to protect the traveling wave tube.

[0041] The high voltage box provides high voltage for the cathode, filament, grid, and collector. The high voltage box contains a high voltage power supply, a filament and a modulating power supply, and high voltage leads. The high voltage power supply boosts the high voltage DC (e.g. 300V DC) through a high voltage transformer, and then obtains multiple high voltages after voltage doubling, rectification, and filtering, which are respectively supplied to the cathode and collector, filament, and modulating power supply of the traveling wave tube. The filament modulating power supply floats on the high voltage to generate the grid voltage and filament voltage required by the traveling wave tube.

[0042] The high-voltage oil tank is a sealed box filled with silicone oil, which is connected to the traveling wave tube through a high-voltage electrical connector. The high-voltage power supply, filament, modulation power supply, and leads of the high-voltage electrical connector are all completely immersed in silicone oil.

[0043] The cooling subsystem includes a cold plate that fits tightly to the bottom of the traveling wave tube. The traveling wave tube is installed from the top. If the bottom of the traveling wave tube has its own heat conduction plate, the bottom of the heat conduction plate needs to be evenly coated with thermal grease to increase the heat conduction area before installing it on the cold plate base. If the traveling wave tube is a bare tube, it can be placed stably on the cold plate and a prohibited area is set.

[0044] Preferably, the cooling subsystem further includes a fan, and the fan blows air from the cathode side of the traveling wave tube and flows to the collector side. Considering that when the traveling wave tube works at a larger working ratio, the collector generates a large amount of heat, the cooling subsystem further includes an axial flow fan, which is installed on the left and right sides of the collector of the traveling wave tube to further enhance the cooling effect.

[0045] 2. Construction of the RF test subsystem of the traveling wave tube:

[0046] The RF test subsystem of the traveling wave tube is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the preamplifier pre-amplifies the low-power RF signal provided by the signal source to obtain an RF signal that meets the excitation requirements of the traveling wave tube. The RF signal is output to the RF input port of the traveling wave tube through the RF cable. The output signal of the traveling wave tube is sent out from the glass window (i.e., the RF output window) and sent to the output matching load through the directional coupler. The output matching load converts microwave energy into heat energy. Figure 3 As shown, the upper end face of the directional coupler is connected to the load, the lower end face is connected to the RF output window of the traveling wave tube, and the SMA connector in the middle couples and outputs a small portion of the power for power detection or connection to a test instrument (spectrum analyzer, power meter and oscilloscope).

[0047] Preferably, in the design process of the RF link, in order to adapt to the broadband excitation requirements of the traveling wave tube, an equalizer or controllable attenuator is also provided between the preamplifier and the traveling wave tube to facilitate the adjustment of the power input to the traveling wave tube; the traveling wave tube is the main amplifying microwave tube of the high-frequency link and outputs high peak power. The directional coupler couples a part of the transmitted RF power and provides it to the control protection circuit for detection, and also serves as the input of instruments such as the spectrum analyzer and the power meter; the waveguide cavity and the coaxial cable are RF transmission elements. The output matching load has its own heat sink fins. When the traveling wave tube works at a large working ratio, the load also needs to be air-cooled.

[0048] 3. Power supply circuit of traveling wave tube

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the power supply circuit of the traveling wave tube includes a low-voltage power supply, a high-voltage power supply, and a filament modulation power supply.

[0050] The low voltage power supply includes a fuse board and a frequency converter. The low voltage power supply provides power to low voltage components such as the control and protection circuit, the power auxiliary control circuit, and the pre-amplifier.

[0051] The high voltage power supply and the filament modulation power supply are collectively referred to as the modulation high voltage assembly, which provides the floating power supply for the cathode power supply and the filament modulation power supply of the traveling wave tube. The inverter and the high voltage power supply together realize the conversion from 400Hz / 115V to the 10~20KV DC high voltage required by the traveling wave tube. During the test, a 1000 times high voltage probe can be used to connect the oscilloscope for measurement (note that the oscilloscope uses a two-core power supply, which is isolated from the ground end).

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the AC 400Hz / 115V is first supplied to the inverter through the fuse, and the inverter realizes the function of converting 400Hz / 115V into 300V DC, also known as rectification or inversion. The DC 300V is used for high-voltage power supply. When the back-end load is overloaded, the fuse will automatically blow to prevent short circuit and overheating.

[0053] 4. High voltage electrical connector

[0054] In the existing traveling wave tube test system, the high-voltage lead wire, high-voltage power supply, modulation power supply, and the connecting end face of the traveling wave tube are all placed in silicone oil, which makes the wiring operation complicated and the test inconvenient. In the radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device of the utility model, the high-voltage connection realizes that only the necessary section is placed in silicone oil, and the other section is placed in the air, so the high-voltage connector and lead wire need to consider safety, insulation, sealing, etc.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the utility model, various high voltages generated in the high-voltage oil tank are transmitted to the traveling wave tube through the butted male-end high-voltage electrical connector and the female-end high-voltage electrical connector; wherein the female-end high-voltage electrical connector is fixed to the oil tank through a flange, and the high-voltage lead is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the filament and the output end of the modulation power supply; the high-voltage lead of the male-end high-voltage electrical connector is connected to the lead-out terminal of the traveling wave tube. The internal butt thread of the male-end high-voltage electrical connector and the external butt thread of the female-end high-voltage electrical connector are butt-jointed and tightened, and the core wires are in close contact to achieve butt joint. Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, the leads at both ends are respectively connected to the high voltage circuit and the traveling wave tube to achieve high voltage transmission, and can be disconnected for testing when necessary.

[0056] like Figure 6-Figure 8As shown, the male high-voltage electrical connector 3A includes a tail accessory 3A2, the center of which is provided with an annular groove, in which a sealing ring is embedded for sealing; a plurality of connection terminal mounting holes are provided in the middle of the annular groove, each of which leads out a connection terminal and a corresponding high-voltage lead 3A1, and the connection terminals are isolated and insulated from each other; an internal docking thread 3A3 is provided on one side of the tail accessory, and a plurality of the connection terminals and a plurality of high-voltage leads are provided on the other side. The male high-voltage connector does not have a flange, and it is docked and tightened with the docking thread 3B4 of the female high-voltage connector through the docking thread 3A3, and a cap similar to toothpaste is tightened on the toothpaste mouth, so that the male high-voltage connector and the female high-voltage connector are fixed together. The high-voltage lead 3A1 of the male high-voltage connector is connected to the power input terminal 201 of the traveling wave tube.

[0057] The female high-voltage electrical connector 3B includes a fixedly connected fixing flange 3B5 and a tail accessory 3B2. The center of the tail accessory is provided with a circular groove 3B51, and a sealing ring 3B52 is embedded in the circular groove for sealing to prevent silicone oil leakage; a plurality of connection terminal mounting holes are provided in the middle of the circular groove, and a connection terminal and a corresponding high-voltage lead wire 3B3 are led out of each connection terminal 3B1 mounting hole, and the connection terminals are isolated and insulated from each other; an external docking thread 3B4 is provided on one side of the tail accessory, and a plurality of the connection terminals and a plurality of high-voltage leads are provided on the other side, which are connected to the high-voltage power supply, the filament and the modulation power supply; the fixing flange is provided with fasteners or through holes 3B53 for inserting fasteners. For example, bolts are inserted into the through holes 3B53 at the four corners of the female high-voltage electrical connector 3B, and fixed to the side wall 401 of the high-voltage oil tank to achieve fastening with the chassis.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, the high-voltage connector installed and fixed on the side wall 401 of the high-pressure oil tank is a female high-voltage connector 3B; the high-voltage connector connected to the power input terminal 201 of the traveling wave tube is a male connector 3A; the female high-voltage connector 3B is connected to the male high-voltage electrical connector 3A.

[0059] Preferably, the core wire terminal of the high-voltage electrical connector is made of copper alloy, the surface is coated with gold, and the shell is made of engineering plastic. The sealing ring material is fluorosilicone rubber. The default high-voltage lead is AFG1822 type fluoroplastic high-voltage wire, and it can also be equipped with AGG and KCS series high-voltage wires. The high-voltage electrical connector can realize high-voltage signal transmission below 20kV, meeting the rated requirements of the traveling wave tube.

[0060] 5. Precautions for using traveling wave tubes

[0061] When the traveling wave tube is powered on, special attention should be paid to safety issues, including: setting up isolation zones and prohibited areas, fire alarm devices, high-voltage insulation protection, personal microwave protection, etc. Other precautions include:

[0062] a) Overcurrent and undervoltage problems. Excessive excitation power will cause the traveling wave tube amplifier to operate in the saturation region, increase the traveling wave tube body current, and may cause the electron beam to defocus. During use, attention should be paid to the comprehensive trade-off between operating frequency, output power, and tube body current.

[0063] b) Matching problem: When the traveling wave tube is working, the gain of the amplifier chain is high (greater than 30dB), and the input and output connections should be well matched without power leakage to prevent self-excitation and damage to the device.

[0064] c) Cooling problem: Ensure good heat dissipation of the transmitter and ensure that the traveling wave tube has good working ability under various environmental conditions such as high and low temperatures.

[0065] d) Protection issues. A good protection circuit is very important for the protection of the system. It requires that the DC power input from the inverter to the high-voltage power supply can be cut off instantly within 1ms, and the high-voltage power supply output can cut off the high voltage within 6 to 10ms.

[0066] e) Filament cold state problem. The initial unpowered state of the filament is called the cold state. In the cold state, the filament power supply circuit needs to set the current slow-down delay technology, and the surge of the filament current is less than 2 times or less of the normal filament current.

[0067] By building the traveling wave tube interface environment and configuring the corresponding test instruments according to Table 1 and Table 2, the typical parameters of the traveling wave tube, such as output power, waveform, and phase noise, can be tested.

[0068] Table 1 Traveling wave tube interface environmental requirements

[0069] Table 2 List of test instruments and devices

[0070] The utility model of the radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device realizes the circulation of the traveling wave tube outside the transmitter box, which is similar to the extracorporeal heart circulation system in medicine. The external circulation test puts forward high requirements on the design of the high-pressure oil tank, the withstand voltage of the high-pressure electrical connector, the cooling of the traveling wave tube, etc. The traveling wave tube is fixed on the cold plate, and the heat is dissipated by blowing air from a table fan, or the axial flow fan is fixed on the edge of the cold plate to exhaust air. The control circuit, the preamplifier, etc. are placed in the low-voltage box. The high-voltage power supply, the filament modulation power supply, etc. are placed in the oil tank. The high-voltage connection between the low-voltage box and the oil tank is realized through the high-voltage electrical connector. The external circulation system can be used for independent function testing, debugging and acceptance of the traveling wave tube; it can also be used for debugging the high-voltage circuit, filament and modulation power supply that use the traveling wave tube as a load; it solves the problem of convenient testing of the traveling wave tube for delivery to the system after leaving the factory. The traveling wave tube external circulation test system is small in size and light in weight, with adjustable power supply voltage, adjustable duty ratio, adjustable radio frequency input, and can test the high-voltage waveform in real time.

[0071] Although the utility model has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, the embodiment is not intended to limit the utility model. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model also belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the content defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A high voltage electrical connector, characterized in that: It comprises a tail accessory, wherein a circular groove is provided at the center of the tail accessory, and a sealing ring is embedded in the circular groove for sealing; a plurality of connection terminal mounting holes are provided in the middle of the circular groove, and a connection terminal and a corresponding high-voltage lead are led out of each connection terminal mounting hole, and the connection terminals are isolated and insulated from each other; an internal docking thread is provided on one side of the tail accessory, and a plurality of the connection terminals and a plurality of high-voltage leads are provided on the other side.

2. A high voltage electrical connector, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed flange and a tail accessory which are fixedly connected. The center of the tail accessory is provided with a circular groove, in which a sealing ring is embedded for sealing. A plurality of connection terminal mounting holes are provided in the middle of the circular groove, and a connection terminal and a corresponding high-voltage lead are led out of each connection terminal mounting hole, and the connection terminals are isolated and insulated from each other. One side of the tail accessory is provided with an external butt thread, and the other side is provided with a plurality of the connection terminals and a plurality of high-voltage leads. The fixed flange is provided with a fastener or a through hole for inserting a fastener.

3. The high voltage electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The core wire terminal of the high-voltage electrical connector is made of copper alloy, the surface is coated with gold, and the shell is made of engineering plastic.

4. The high voltage electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the sealing ring is fluorosilicone rubber.

5. A radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device, characterized in that: Including traveling wave tube, RF test subsystem, low-pressure box, high-pressure oil tank, cooling subsystem; The RF test subsystem includes a signal source, a preamplifier, a directional coupler, an output matching load, a spectrum analyzer, a power meter, and an oscilloscope; the preamplifier pre-amplifies the low-power RF signal provided by the RF signal source to obtain a RF signal that meets the excitation of the traveling wave tube, and the RF signal is output to the RF input port of the traveling wave tube through the RF cable, and the output signal of the traveling wave tube is sent out from the RF output window of the traveling wave tube and sent to the output matching load through the directional coupler; the output signal of the directional coupler is provided to the control protection circuit for detection, and is connected to the spectrum analyzer, power meter, and oscilloscope through the RF cable for related tests; The low-voltage box outputs a high-voltage on or off control signal, which is used to control the on and off of the high voltage, receive the temperature and current feedback signals of the traveling wave tube, and output the radio frequency input signal required by the traveling wave tube; a preamplifier, a control and protection circuit, and a frequency converter are placed in the low-voltage box; the control and protection circuit is used for the on and off of the high-voltage power supply and the fault detection and / or power detection of the traveling wave tube. When the current of the traveling wave tube body is too large, the high voltage is over-voltage or the high voltage is under-voltage, the protection circuit is started and the high-voltage power supply is automatically shut down to protect the traveling wave tube; the frequency converter converts the AC power supply into high-voltage DC power and provides it to the high-voltage power supply in the high-voltage box, and converts the AC power supply into low-voltage DC power and provides it to the control and protection circuit; The high-voltage box contains a high-voltage power supply, a filament and a modulation power supply, and a high-voltage lead; the high-voltage power supply boosts the high-voltage direct current through a high-voltage transformer, and then obtains multiple high voltages after voltage doubling, rectification and filtering, and supplies the cathode, collector, filament and modulation power supply of the traveling wave tube respectively; the filament and modulation power supply float on the high voltage to generate the grid voltage and filament voltage required by the traveling wave tube; the high-voltage box is a sealed box filled with silicone oil, and is connected to the traveling wave tube through the high-voltage electrical connector according to claims 1 and 2; the high-voltage power supply, the filament and the modulation power supply, and the leads of the high-voltage electrical connector are all completely immersed in the silicone oil; The internal butt thread of the high-voltage electrical connector according to claim 1 is butted with the external butt thread of the high-voltage electrical connector according to claim 2; The cooling subsystem includes a cold plate which is closely fitted to the bottom of the traveling wave tube.

6. The radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat conducting plate is arranged at the bottom of the traveling wave tube, and heat conducting silicone grease is evenly applied to the bottom of the heat conducting plate, which is mounted on a cold plate.

7. The radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling subsystem also includes a fan and an axial flow fan. The fan sends air from the cathode side of the traveling wave tube and flows toward the collector side. The axial flow fan is installed on the left and right sides of the collector of the traveling wave tube.

8. The radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An equalizer or a controllable attenuator is also provided between the pre-amplifier and the traveling wave tube for adjusting the power input to the traveling wave tube.

9. The radar traveling wave tube external circulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The various high voltages generated in the high-voltage oil tank are transmitted to the traveling wave tube through the docked high-voltage electrical connector; wherein the high-voltage electrical connector according to claim 2 is fixed to the oil tank through a flange, and the high-voltage lead is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the filament and the output end of the modulation power supply; The high-voltage lead of the high-voltage electrical connector according to claim 1 is connected to the lead-out terminal of the traveling wave tube.

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