Dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for ternary lithium battery recovery device

Abstract

The dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for the ternary lithium battery recycling device comprises a supporting structure, a conveying mechanism, a stock bin mechanism and a PLC control unit, the conveying mechanism is located on the upper portion of the supporting structure, and the stock bin mechanism is located on the lower portion of the supporting structure; the conveying mechanism comprises a lifting device and a ton bag opening frame. The lifting device can slide along a track of the monorail beam; the stock bin mechanism comprises a pneumatic aperture valve, a transition hopper, a main hopper and a feeding mechanism which are fixedly arranged in the supporting frame body and are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The bottom of the transition hopper is connected with the top of the main hopper in a sealed mode through a flexible connector, and a discharging port of the feeding mechanism is connected with a pipe fitting in a sealed mode through a flexible connector. According to the utility model, the dust pollution in the black powder feeding process is obviously reduced, the fire explosion risk in the ternary lithium battery recycling operation is greatly reduced, and the resource waste can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a conveying device for solid powder and particles, in particular to a dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for a ternary lithium battery recycling device. Background Art

[0002] Ternary lithium battery is a kind of battery that uses lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (LiNi x Co y Mn 1-x-y Lithium-ion batteries with O2 as positive electrode material and carbon as negative electrode material are widely used in the field of new energy vehicle power batteries due to their high energy density, high number of cycles, high safety, and no memory characteristics. In recent years, more and more retired waste ternary lithium batteries have been retired. Recycling waste ternary lithium batteries can significantly alleviate the resources of precious metals (nickel, cobalt, lithium, etc.) and reduce the environmental pressure caused by waste lithium batteries. At present, the "wet process" is the mainstream in the recycling of waste ternary lithium batteries. The device uses the "black powder" mainly composed of ternary battery active materials obtained by the upstream waste battery pretreatment device as raw material, and carries out acid leaching, impurity removal, precious metal separation and other processes to recover the precious metals as raw materials for ternary lithium batteries. Black powder is mainly transported in ton bags, and its main components are lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and graphite, as well as a small amount of impurities such as copper, iron, aluminum, fluorine, conductive agent, adhesive, etc. Its particle size is very small, averaging about 50 microns, and it has conductive, flammable and explosive properties. At present, the recycling equipment of ternary lithium batteries generally raises a lot of dust during the feeding process. The raised dust not only wastes black powder resources, pollutes the environment, threatens the health of operators, but also easily forms a dust explosion environment, affecting the safe operation of the equipment. Some facilities use the water mist method, which has a certain effect, but the treatment process is cumbersome, and the water-dust mixture produced will also pollute the environment. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for a ternary lithium battery recycling device. The quantitative feeding device can operate dust-free throughout the entire process, and is assisted by PLC and weighing sensors, frequency conversion drive spiral dust feeding mechanisms, etc. to realize automatic quantitative feeding of ton bags and stepless adjustment of the feeding speed on demand.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for a ternary lithium battery recycling device, comprising a support structure, a transmission mechanism, a silo mechanism and a PLC control unit, wherein the transmission mechanism is located at the upper part of the support structure, and the silo mechanism is located at the lower part of the support structure;

[0006] The support structure includes a support frame and a single track beam fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame, the single track beam extends transversely along the width direction of the support frame, and a track is provided on its side wall;

[0007] The conveying mechanism includes a lifting device and a ton bag opening frame; the lifting device can slide along the track of the single track beam, and a ton bag opening frame can be detachably hoisted at the bottom of the lifting device, and a plurality of hooks are provided at the end of the ton bag opening frame for fixing the ton bag;

[0008] The silo mechanism includes a pneumatic aperture valve, a transition hopper, a main hopper, and a feeding mechanism that are fixedly arranged in the support frame and arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the pneumatic aperture valve can tighten the neck of the ton bag to cut off the flow of materials; the transition hopper is used to receive the closed ton bag from the pneumatic aperture valve, and the ton bag is in a closed state to prevent powdered materials from overflowing from the discharge port of the ton bag during the falling process; the ton bag is opened in the transition hopper through a side cover opened on the side wall of the transition hopper;

[0009] A three-point weighing sensor is installed on the side wall of the main hopper, and a spiral dust feeding mechanism is installed at the bottom of the main hopper. The feeding mechanism is driven by a motor with a frequency converter and is used to discharge the black powder in the main hopper at a specified conveying speed;

[0010] The bottom of the transition hopper and the top of the main hopper are sealed and connected via a flexible joint, and the discharge port of the feeding mechanism and the feed pipe of the receiving tank are sealed and connected via a flexible joint;

[0011] The PLC control unit is used to control the switch status and switch instructions of the weighing sensor and the pneumatic aperture valve and the output frequency of the frequency converter.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting device is an electric hoist, which is slidably connected to the single track beam and includes a motor, a cable, a drum and a hook. One end of the cable is fixed to the hook, and the other end is wound around the drum and fixed to one end of the motor.

[0013] Furthermore, a platform is provided at the position of the top of the pneumatic aperture valve. The position of the platform corresponding to the pneumatic aperture valve is a hollow structure, which is used to allow the material to fall into the pneumatic aperture valve, and the top of the platform is not higher than 50 mm from the top of the pneumatic aperture valve; two massage plates are relatively arranged on the platform, and an automatic centripetal universal joint mechanism is provided between the bottom of the massage plate and the platform to ensure that the center of gravity of the ton bag is located near the center line of the transition hopper.

[0014] Furthermore, the ton bag contains black powder with a particle size of 50 microns.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the support structure is placed on the upper surface of the operating platform, a receiving tank for receiving materials is located at the lower part of the operating platform, and the outlet of the silo mechanism is located at the upper part of the receiving tank.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The ton bag is in a closed state before entering the transition hopper to prevent powder from overflowing; a side cover is provided on the transition hopper so that the black powder can only be opened in the transition hopper, and then flexible joints are provided between the main hopper and the transition hopper and between the main hopper and the receiving tank to prevent the black powder from being exposed outside the device;

[0018] In addition, the black powder discharged from the outlet of the silo mechanism enters the receiving tank through the feed pipe, which can significantly reduce the dust pollution during the black powder feeding process, greatly reduce the risk of fire and explosion in the recycling operation of ternary lithium batteries, reduce the threat to the personal health of operators, and reduce resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the quantitative feeding device of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure:

[0021] 1: ton bag; 2: ton bag support frame; 3: electric hoist; 4: single track beam;

[0022] 5: Spiral dust feeding mechanism motor; 6: Support structure; 7: Massage plate;

[0023] 8: pneumatic aperture valve; 9: side cover; 10: transition hopper; 11, 15: flexible joint;

[0024] 12: main hopper; 13: weighing sensor; 14: feeding mechanism; 16: receiving tank;

[0025] 17: PLC control unit; 18: frequency converter; 19: operation platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for realizing a complete process, but the above content does not constitute the main innovation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts on their own based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make special requirements or specific limitations on this.

[0027] Those skilled in the art can realize the present invention by appropriately changing some aspects such as the structure size and structure form of the equipment by referring to the contents of this article. The equipment of the utility model has been described through the preferred embodiment examples. It is obvious that relevant technical personnel can modify or appropriately change and combine the methods and products described in this article without departing from the content, spirit and scope of this patent to realize the equipment of the utility model. It is particularly important to point out that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art, and they are all deemed to be included in the spirit, scope and content of the present utility model.

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme, beneficial effects and significant progress of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model is clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings provided in the examples of the utility model. Obviously, all the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the utility model, rather than all embodiments; based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] The working process of the device will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for a ternary lithium battery recycling device includes a support structure and a PLC control unit 17, a conveying mechanism located at the upper part of the support structure, and a silo mechanism located at the lower part of the support structure. The bottom of the support structure is placed on the upper surface of the operating platform 19, a receiving tank 16 for receiving materials is located at the lower part of the operating platform, and the outlet of the silo mechanism is located at the upper part of the receiving tank 16.

[0031] The support structure includes a support frame 6 and a single track beam 4 fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame 6. The single track beam 4 extends transversely along the width direction of the support frame 6, and a track is provided on its side wall.

[0032] The conveying mechanism includes an electric hoist 3 and a ton bag opening frame 2. The electric hoist 3 can slide along the track of the monorail beam 4. The electric hoist 3 is slidably connected to the monorail beam 4, and includes a motor, a cable, a drum and a hook. One end of the cable is fixed to the hook, and the other end is wound around the drum and fixed to one end of the motor. The bottom of the hook can be detachably hoisted with a ton bag opening frame 2. The end of the ton bag opening frame 2 has multiple hooks for fixing ton bags 1. The ton bag 1 contains black powder with a particle size of about 50 microns.

[0033] The silo mechanism includes a pneumatic aperture valve 8, a transition hopper 10, a main hopper 12, and a feeding mechanism 14, which are fixedly arranged in the support frame 6 and arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The pneumatic aperture valve 8 includes an aperture and a control rod for adjusting the aperture diameter. By adjusting the size of the aperture, the neck of the ton bag is tightened to cut off the flow of materials. A platform is also provided at the top of the pneumatic aperture valve 8. The platform is a hollow structure corresponding to the position of the pneumatic aperture valve 8, which is used to make the material fall into the pneumatic aperture valve 8, and the top of the platform is not higher than 50mm from the top of the pneumatic aperture valve 8. Two massage plates 7 are arranged opposite to each other on the platform, and an automatic centripetal universal joint mechanism is provided between the bottom of the massage plate and the platform to ensure that the center of gravity of the ton bag is located near the center line of the transition hopper 10.

[0034] The transition hopper 10 is used to receive the ton bag 1 from the pneumatic aperture valve 8, and the ton bag 1 is in a closed state to prevent the powder material from overflowing from the discharge port of the ton bag 1 during the falling process; and the side wall of the transition hopper 10 is provided with an openable side cover 9, and the side cover 9 is used to manually untie or cut the binding belt at the bottom of the ton bag 1 with a knife for unpacking; the bottom of the transition hopper 10 is fixedly connected to one end of a flexible joint 11, and the other end of the flexible joint 11 is connected to the top of the main hopper 12. A three-point weighing sensor 13 is installed on the side wall of the main hopper 12, and a spiral dust feeding mechanism 14 is installed at the bottom of the main hopper 12. The feeding mechanism 14 is driven by a motor 5 with a frequency converter 18, and is used to discharge the black powder in the main hopper at a specified conveying speed. The discharge port of the feeding mechanism 14 is detachably connected to a flexible joint 15, and the end of the flexible joint 15 is detachably connected to a pipe fitting, which extends into a receiving tank 16 at the lower part of the main hopper, so that the material from the outlet of the feeding mechanism 14 is delivered to the receiving tank 16, thereby better playing a dust-proof function and preventing dust.

[0035] The PLC control unit 17 is used to control the weighing sensor 13 , the switch state and switch instructions of the pneumatic aperture valve 8 and the output frequency of the frequency converter 18 .

[0036] The working process of this device is as follows:

[0037] When adding materials, the ton bag 1 filled with black powder is turned over by the forklift and the lifting device, and the frame 2 is used to prop up the ton bag to fix the four corners of the bottom of the ton bag 1, and then it is lifted by the electric hoist 3 and transported to the top of the transition hopper 10 through the track beam 4. The ton bag 1 is slowly lowered by the electric hoist 3 and placed on the massage plate 7 located above the transition hopper 10. The bottom of the massage plate 7 is provided with an automatic centripetal universal joint mechanism to ensure that the center of gravity of the ton bag is located near the center line of the transition hopper 10;

[0038] The PLC control unit 17 controls the opening of the pneumatic aperture valve 8, and the end of the ton bag 1 enters the transition hopper 10. The operator opens the side cover 9 on the transition hopper 10, unties or cuts the binding belt at the bottom of the ton bag with a knife, and closes the side cover 9.

[0039] Open the pneumatic aperture valve 8, and the black powder in the ton bag begins to enter the main hopper 12 through the transition hopper 10 under the action of gravity. The main hopper is supported by a three-point weighing sensor 13, and the top and bottom are connected to the transition hopper 10 and the receiving tank 16 respectively through flexible joints to measure the mass of the black powder entering the main hopper; and flexible joints 11, 15 are provided between the main hopper 12 and the transition hopper 10 and between the main hopper 12 and the discharge port of the feeding mechanism 14 to isolate the upper transition hopper and the lower receiving tank from transmitting the load to the main hopper (the main hopper is freely supported on the three-point weighing sensor 13), so that the three-point weighing sensor 13 can measure the mass of the black powder entering the main hopper in real time. A spiral dust feeding mechanism 14 driven by a motor 5 with a frequency converter 18 is provided at the bottom of the main hopper 12 to add the black powder in the hopper to the receiving tank 16 at the bottom at a specified conveying speed. The weighing sensor 13, the switching state and switching instructions of the pneumatic aperture valve 8, and the output frequency and instructions of the motor inverter 18 are connected to the PLC17, so that the automatic quantitative addition of black powder batches from the ton bag 1 to the main hopper 12 can be realized. After the black powder entering the main hopper 12 reaches the target value, the pneumatic aperture valve 8 is automatically closed, and the black powder in the ton bag 1 stops entering the main hopper 12; the inverter output frequency can also be controlled according to the reaction intensity (temperature change rate in the tank) of the acid leaching process of the receiving tank 16, thereby changing the rotation speed of the spiral dust feeding mechanism 14, and accurately controlling the feeding speed of the black powder in the main hopper 12 into the receiving tank 16. The PLC can also display the real-time feeding speed according to the weight change rate measured by the weighing sensor 13.

[0040] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific implementation method of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. The technicians in the relevant technical field should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by the technicians in the relevant technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for a ternary lithium battery recycling device, characterized in that: It comprises a supporting structure, a conveying mechanism, a silo mechanism and a PLC control unit (17), wherein the conveying mechanism is located at the upper part of the supporting structure, and the silo mechanism is located at the lower part of the supporting structure; The support structure comprises a support frame (6) and a single track beam (4) fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame (6); the single track beam (4) extends transversely along the width direction of the support frame (6), and has a track on its side wall; The conveying mechanism comprises a lifting device and a ton bag opening frame (2); the lifting device can slide along the track of the single track beam (4), and a ton bag opening frame (2) can be detachably hoisted at the bottom of the lifting device, and a plurality of hooks are provided at the end of the ton bag opening frame (2) for fixing the ton bag (1); The silo mechanism comprises a pneumatic aperture valve (8), a transition hopper (10), a main hopper (12), and a feeding mechanism (14) which are fixedly arranged in the support frame (6) and arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the pneumatic aperture valve (8) can tighten the neck of the ton bag to cut off the flow of materials; the transition hopper (10) is used to receive the closed ton bag (1) from the pneumatic aperture valve (8); the ton bag is opened in the transition hopper through a side cover (9) opened on the side wall of the transition hopper (10); A three-point weighing sensor (13) is installed on the side wall of the main hopper (12), and a spiral dust feeding mechanism (14) is installed at the bottom of the main hopper (12). The feeding mechanism (14) is driven by a motor (5) with a frequency converter (18) and is used to discharge the black powder in the main hopper (12) at a specified conveying speed; The bottom of the transition hopper (10) and the top of the main hopper (12) are sealed via a flexible joint (11, 15), and the discharge port of the feeding mechanism (14) and the feed pipe of the receiving tank are sealed via a flexible joint (11, 15); The PLC control unit (17) is used to control the weighing sensor (13), the switch state and switch instructions of the pneumatic aperture valve (8) and the output frequency of the frequency converter (18).

2. The dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for the ternary lithium battery recycling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A platform is also provided at the top of the pneumatic aperture valve (8); the platform is a hollow structure corresponding to the position of the pneumatic aperture valve (8) and is used to allow materials to fall into the pneumatic aperture valve (8), and the top of the platform is not higher than 50 mm from the top of the pneumatic aperture valve (8); two massage plates (7) are arranged opposite to each other on the platform, and an automatic centripetal universal joint mechanism is provided between the bottom of the massage plate (7) and the platform to ensure that the center of gravity of the ton bag (1) is located near the center line of the transition hopper (10).

3. The dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for the ternary lithium battery recycling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ton bag (1) contains black powder with a particle size of 50 microns.

4. The dust-free black powder quantitative feeding device for the ternary lithium battery recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the support structure is placed on the upper surface of the operating platform (19), a receiving tank (16) for receiving materials is located at the lower part of the operating platform, and the outlet of the silo mechanism is located at the upper part of the receiving tank (16).

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