Active double-breaking fuse

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to an active double-breaking fuse. The utility model discloses an active double-breaking fuse, which comprises a two-terminal electrode, a main loop, an auxiliary loop, a first controlled breaking mechanism and a second controlled breaking mechanism, the main loop and the auxiliary loop are arranged in parallel between the two-terminal electrode, a first melt is arranged in the main loop, a second melt is arranged in the auxiliary loop, and the second controlled breaking mechanism is arranged in the auxiliary loop. And the first controlled on-off mechanism and the second controlled on-off mechanism are used for receiving the excitation signal to act so as to respectively cut off the main loop and the auxiliary loop. According to the utility model, cut-off protection from low current to high current can be realized, the protection range is wide, the breaking speed is fast, the protection efficiency is high, and the reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuses, and in particular relates to an active double-breaking fuse. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of fuses commonly found in the market, and passive fuses occupy the mainstream market. Due to the long breaking time of passive fuses, there are limitations on the protection circuit. In order to solve the problem that the circuit can be controlled as quickly as possible when a fault occurs, some active fuses have now appeared. Active fuses actively cut off the main circuit by means of a controlled breaking mechanism when a fault occurs, and then the current flows from the auxiliary circuit to help extinguish the arc of the main circuit. The fuse of the auxiliary circuit is self-heated and self-melted, thereby cutting off the circuit. However, it is also possible that the current is too small at this time. Although the main circuit has been disconnected, the fuse of the auxiliary circuit cannot be heated and self-melted due to the small current, resulting in the circuit not being completely cut off, not playing a protective role, and poor reliability. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to provide an active double-breaking fuse to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an active double-breaking fuse, including two-terminal electrodes, a main circuit, an auxiliary circuit, a first controlled breaking mechanism and a second controlled breaking mechanism, the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit are arranged in parallel between the two-terminal electrodes, a first fuse is provided in the main circuit, and a second fuse is provided in the auxiliary circuit, the first controlled breaking mechanism and the second controlled breaking mechanism are used to receive an excitation signal and actuate to cut off the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the main circuit also includes a bridging conductor, which is connected in series with the first fuse and then connected between the two end electrodes. The first controlled breaking mechanism is used to cut off the bridging conductor and thus the main circuit.

[0006] Furthermore, the bridging conductor is provided with a structural weakened point for punching.

[0007] Furthermore, the first controlled breaking mechanism and the second controlled breaking mechanism are both pyrotechnic explosion cutting mechanisms.

[0008] Furthermore, the first controlled breaking mechanism includes a first seat body, a first pyrotechnic exploder and a first piston. The first pyrotechnic exploder is fixedly arranged on the first seat body and is used to drive the first piston to move. The first seat body is provided with a first punching channel. The first piston is arranged in the first punching channel and is used to punch and cut off the bridging conductor. The bridging conductor crosses the first punching channel and is located on the moving path of the first piston.

[0009] Furthermore, the second controlled breaking mechanism includes a second seat body, a second pyrotechnic exploder and a second piston. The second pyrotechnic exploder is fixedly arranged on the second seat body and is used to drive the second piston to move. The second seat body is provided with a second punching channel. The second piston is arranged in the second punching channel and is used to punch and cut off the second melt. The second melt crosses the second punching channel and is located on the moving path of the second piston.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a shell with openings at both ends and two end covers arranged at the openings at both ends of the shell, two end electrodes, a main circuit, an auxiliary circuit, a first controlled breaking mechanism and a second controlled breaking mechanism are arranged in the shell, the two end electrodes respectively pass through the two end covers and extend out of the end covers, the first seat body and the second seat body are fixedly connected to the shell, and the driving ends of the first pyrotechnic exploder and the second pyrotechnic exploder pass through the shell and extend out of the shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving ends of the first pyrotechnic exploder and the second pyrotechnic exploder extend from opposite side walls of the housing respectively; or the driving ends of the first pyrotechnic exploder and the second pyrotechnic exploder extend from the same side wall of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, two ends of the bridge conductor are connected to two-end electrodes through a plurality of parallel first fuses.

[0013] Furthermore, the first melt and the second melt are arranged in an undulating manner from one end to the other end, and a plurality of narrow necks are arranged on the first melt and the second melt, and the plurality of narrow necks are arranged at intervals along the two end directions of the first melt and the second melt.

[0014] Beneficial technical effects of the utility model:

[0015] The utility model provides a first controlled breaking mechanism and a second controlled breaking mechanism to respectively cut off the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit, so as to realize the cutting protection under the conditions from small current to large current, and has a wide protection range, fast breaking speed, high protection efficiency and high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A structural diagram of another perspective of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an internal structure diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an internal structure diagram of another perspective of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 Another cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a first controlled breaking mechanism, a second controlled breaking mechanism and a bridge conductor in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a bridge conductor according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Fig.10 This is an internal structure diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention, which are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, a person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0028] The utility model is now further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] like Figure 1-8 As shown, an active double-breaking fuse includes two-terminal electrodes 1, a main circuit 2, an auxiliary circuit 3, a first controlled breaking mechanism 4, a second controlled breaking mechanism 5, a shell 6 with openings at both ends, and two end covers 61 provided at the openings at both ends of the shell 6. The main circuit 2 and the auxiliary circuit 3 are arranged in parallel between the two-terminal electrodes 1, a first melt 21 is provided in the main circuit 2, and a second melt 31 is provided in the auxiliary circuit 3. The first controlled breaking mechanism 4 and the second controlled breaking mechanism 5 are used to receive an excitation signal and actuate to punch and cut off the main circuit 2 and the auxiliary circuit 3 respectively.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the housing 6 is a square cylindrical structure with two ends open, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the housing 6 can also be a cylindrical structure with two ends open, an elliptical cylindrical structure or other structures. The specific structure of the housing 6 can be set according to actual needs. The two end covers 61 are set at the two end openings of the housing 6 and are fixed by screws. They have good firmness, high reliability, and are easy to disassemble and assemble, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the end covers 61 can also be fixedly connected to the housing 6 by other fixing methods, such as welding, clamping, etc.

[0032] The outer shell 6 and the end cover 61 can be made of high-strength voltage-resistant insulating materials such as melamine and ceramics. The two-end electrodes 1, the main circuit 2, the auxiliary circuit 3, the first controlled breaking mechanism 4, and the second controlled breaking mechanism 5 are arranged in the outer shell 6. The two-end electrodes 1 respectively pass through the two end covers 61 and extend outside the end covers 61 to facilitate electrical connection during subsequent use.

[0033] In this specific embodiment, the end electrode 1 is a contact knife structure, including an electrode portion 11 and a connecting portion 12. The electrode portion 11 is a sheet-like structure, which is easy to connect and install later. The electrode portion 11 extends through the end cover 61 to the outside of the end cover 61, and the connecting portion 12 is a disc-shaped structure, but it is not limited to this.

[0034] The main circuit 2 also includes a bridge conductor 22, which is connected in series with the first fuse 21 and then connected between the two-end electrodes 1. The first controlled breaking mechanism 4 is used to punch and cut the bridge conductor 22 to punch and cut off the main circuit 2. With this structure, the number of first fuses 21 can be set to be multiple in parallel to meet the needs of large current, and it can ensure that the first controlled breaking mechanism 4 can reliably punch and cut off the main circuit 2.

[0035] The end electrode 1 and the bridging conductor 22 are preferably made of copper material, which has a high melting point, high electrical conductivity, large rated current, low resistance and low power consumption, and meets the requirements of large current, but is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the end electrode 1 and the bridging conductor 22 can also be made of other metal materials.

[0036] In this specific embodiment, the bridging conductor 22 is a sheet-like structure and is in the shape of a square ring with one side open, including a middle portion and two bent ends. The structure is simple and easy to perform corresponding electrical connection and fixation. Of course, in some embodiments, the structure of the bridging conductor 22 can be designed according to actual needs.

[0037] A structural weakening point 221 for punching is provided on the bridging conductor 22 to ensure that the bridging conductor 22 is reliably punched and cut. In this specific embodiment, the structural weakening point 221 is a slotted structure, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the structural weakening point 221 can also be a structural weakening point in the form of a narrow diameter.

[0038] In this specific embodiment, the two ends of the bridge conductor 22 are respectively connected to the two-end electrodes 1 through multiple parallel first fuses 21, and the structure has good symmetry, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, one end of the bridge conductor 22 can also be connected to one end electrode 1 through multiple parallel first fuses 21, and the other end of the bridge conductor 22 can be connected to the other end electrode 1.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the two ends of the bridging conductor 22 are respectively connected to the plurality of parallel first melts 21 through two pads 7, and the assembly operation is simple, but not limited thereto. Specifically, one end of the plurality of parallel first melts 21 is welded and fixed on the pad 7, and the other end of the plurality of parallel first melts 21 is welded and fixed on the connecting portion 12 of the end electrode 1, and the pad 7 is fixedly electrically connected to the end of the bridging conductor 21, and the pad 7 and the end of the bridging conductor 21 can be fixedly electrically connected by a fixed structure such as welding or riveting, wherein the welding can be laser welding, resistance welding, high-frequency welding or ultrasonic welding. The pad 7 is preferably made of copper material, which has a high melting point, high electrical conductivity, large rated current, low resistance and low power consumption, and meets the large current requirements, but not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the pad 7 can also be implemented by other metal materials.

[0040] The two ends of the second melt 31 are respectively welded and fixed on the connecting portion 12 of the two-end electrode 1, and the welding can be laser welding, resistance welding, high-frequency welding or ultrasonic welding. In this specific embodiment, the number of the second melt 31 is 2, and the two second melts 31 are arranged in parallel, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the number of the second melt 31 can be 1, or more than 2, etc.

[0041] The first melt 22 and the second melt 31 can be made of copper, silver, aluminum or copper-based alloys, silver-based alloys, aluminum-based alloys or copper-silver composite materials, etc., which have high melting points and high electrical conductivity. After being made into melts, compared with other low-melting-point melt materials of the same size, they have large rated currents, low resistances and low power consumption, and can easily meet the requirements of high breaking current capability, but are not limited to this.

[0042] In this specific embodiment, the first melt 21 and the second melt 31 are sheet-like structures, and from one end to the other end ( Figure 5The first melt 21 and the second melt 31 are arranged in a undulating manner from the left end to the right end in the figure; the straight length of the first melt 21 and the second melt 31 is greater than the length of the shell 6; and the first melt 21 and the second melt 31 are provided with a plurality of narrow necks 211 and 311, and the narrow necks 211 and 311 are arranged at intervals along the two ends of the first melt 21 and the second melt 31. The breaking capacity of the first melt 21 and the second melt 31 is improved, the breaking speed is fast, the performance of the first melt 21 and the second melt 31 is stable, and the safety is high. Specifically, in this embodiment, the narrow necks 211 and 311 are formed by arranging a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals on the first melt 21 and the second melt 31.

[0043] In this specific embodiment, the first controlled breaking mechanism 4 and the second controlled breaking mechanism 5 are both pyrotechnic explosion cutting mechanisms, which have a simple structure, are easy to implement, and have reliable breaking performance, but are not limited to this. In some embodiments, the first controlled breaking mechanism 4 and the second controlled breaking mechanism 5 can also be implemented by other existing controlled breaking mechanisms.

[0044] The first controlled breaking mechanism 4 includes a first seat body 41, a first pyrotechnic exploder 42 and a first piston 43. The first seat body 41 is fixedly connected to the housing 6 by screws, which ensures the stability of the first seat body 41 and is easy to disassemble and assemble, but is not limited thereto.

[0045] The first pyrotechnic exploder 42 is fixedly arranged on the first seat body 41, and is used to explode and generate gas to drive the first piston 43 to move and perform punching. The first seat body 41 is provided with a first punching channel 411, and the first piston 43 is movably arranged in the first punching channel 411, and is used to punch and cut the bridge conductor 22. The bridge conductor 22 is fixedly crossed in the first punching channel 411 and is located on the moving path of the first piston 43. The two ends of the bridge conductor 22 are exposed from the first seat body 41 and are fixedly electrically connected to the pad 7. Specifically, the middle part of the bridge conductor 22 is crossed in the first punching channel 411, and the first piston 43 is located outside one side of the middle part of the bridge conductor 22 and faces the structural weakened point 211 of the bridge conductor 22.

[0046] The driving end 421 of the first pyrotechnic exploder 42 passes through the housing 6 and extends out of the housing 6 to receive an excitation signal, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0047] Preferably, the inner wall of the first punching channel 411 is provided with a guide groove 4111, which is used to guide the movement of the first piston 43, improve the stability of the movement of the first piston 43, and thus improve the reliability of the first piston 43 punching the bridge conductor 22. Specifically, the two opposite inner walls of the first punching channel 411 are respectively provided with guide grooves 4111, which further improves the guiding effect of the movement of the first piston 43. In order to improve the punching effect of the first piston 43, a cutter structure 431 is also provided on the first piston 43.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first punching channel 411 may also be filled with arc extinguishing medium such as arc extinguishing paste to enhance the arc extinguishing effect of the fracture of the bridging conductor 22 .

[0049] The second controlled breaking mechanism 4 includes a second base body 51, a second pyrotechnic exploder 52 and a second piston 53. The second base body 51 is fixedly connected to the housing 6 by screws, which ensures the stability of the second base body 51 and is easy to disassemble and assemble, but is not limited thereto.

[0050] The second pyrotechnic exploder 52 is fixedly arranged on the second base body 51, and is used for exploding to generate gas to drive the second piston 53 to move for punching. The second base body 51 is provided with a second punching channel 511. The second piston 53 is movably arranged in the second punching channel 511, and is used for punching and cutting the second melt 31. The second melt 31 crosses the second punching channel 511 and is located on the moving path of the second piston 53.

[0051] The driving end 521 of the second pyrotechnic exploder 52 passes through the housing 6 and extends out of the housing 6 to receive an excitation signal, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0052] In some embodiments, the second punching channel 511 may also be filled with arc extinguishing medium such as arc extinguishing paste to enhance the arc extinguishing effect of the fracture of the second melt 31 .

[0053] In this specific embodiment, the first controlled breaking mechanism 4 and the second controlled breaking mechanism 5 are arranged opposite to each other, and the driving ends 421 and 521 of the first pyrotechnic exploder 42 and the second pyrotechnic exploder 52 respectively extend from the opposite side walls of the shell 6. The structure is relatively simple and easy to process and assemble, but it is not limited to this.

[0054] The first base body 41 and the second base body 51 are fixedly connected, such as by screwing, to further enhance the firmness of the two.

[0055] Preferably, in this specific embodiment, the periphery of the first melt 21 and the second melt 31 is filled with arc extinguishing sand to further improve the arc extinguishing capability. Of course, in some embodiments, the arc extinguishing sand may also be other arc extinguishing media.

[0056] When in use, the active double-breaking fuse is connected to the circuit to be protected, and the driving ends 421 and 521 of the first pyrotechnic exploder 42 and the second pyrotechnic exploder 52 are respectively connected to the main control end or the excitation signal output end of the product. When working normally, the main circuit 2 carries the working current. When a fault (such as overcurrent, overtemperature, collision, etc.) occurs, the main control end or the excitation signal output end of the product outputs an excitation signal to trigger the first pyrotechnic exploder 42. The first pyrotechnic exploder 42 is detonated to generate explosion gas to drive the first piston 43 to cut off the bridge conductor 22. At the moment when the bridge conductor 22 is cut off, an arc may be generated at the fracture, so that the main circuit 2 remains connected. At this time, the first melt 21 itself rises in temperature and melts by itself under the flow, so that the main circuit 2 remains connected. The circuit 2 is fused at multiple locations. At the same time, when the bridging conductor 22 is disconnected, the current of the main circuit 2 will also be diverted from the second fuse 31 of the auxiliary circuit 3, assisting in extinguishing the arc in the main circuit 2, and fusing itself, thereby achieving the purpose of ultimately cutting off the circuit; when a fault occurs, the current passing through is too small to make the second fuse 31 reach a certain temperature and self-melt, the main control end or the excitation signal output end of the product outputs an excitation signal to trigger the second pyrotechnic exploder 52, and the second pyrotechnic exploder 52 is detonated to generate explosive gas to drive the second piston 53 to punch and cut off the second fuse 31 and cut off the auxiliary circuit 3, ensuring that the circuit is completely cut off, and realizing cut-off protection under conditions from small current to large current, with a wide protection range, fast breaking speed, high protection efficiency and high reliability.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] like Fig. 9 and 10 As shown, the main difference between this specific embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in this specific embodiment, the first controlled breaking mechanism 4 and the second controlled breaking mechanism 5 are arranged side by side, and the driving ends 421 and 521 of the first pyrotechnic exploder 42 and the second pyrotechnic exploder 52 extend from the same side wall of the housing 6, so that the excitation signal connecting lines can be arranged on the same side, which is more convenient for wiring.

[0059] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first base body 41 and the second base body 51 are formed into an integral structure, with fewer parts and components and more convenient assembly.

[0060] In addition, in this specific embodiment, the housing 6 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, which is more compact.

[0061] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the details may be referred to the first embodiment, which will not be described again.

[0062] Although the present invention has been specifically demonstrated and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes may be made to the present invention in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active double-breaking fuse, characterized in that: It includes two-end electrodes, a main circuit, an auxiliary circuit, a first controlled breaking mechanism and a second controlled breaking mechanism. The main circuit and the auxiliary circuit are arranged in parallel between the two-end electrodes. A first melt is arranged in the main circuit, and a second melt is arranged in the auxiliary circuit. The first controlled breaking mechanism and the second controlled breaking mechanism are used to receive an excitation signal and operate to cut off the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit respectively.

2. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main circuit also includes a bridge conductor, which is connected in series with the first fuse and then connected between the two end electrodes. The first controlled breaking mechanism is used to punch and cut off the bridge conductor to punch and cut off the main circuit.

3. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bridging conductor is provided with a structural weakened point for punching.

4. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first controlled breaking mechanism and the second controlled breaking mechanism are both pyrotechnic explosion cutting mechanisms.

5. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first controlled breaking mechanism includes a first seat body, a first pyrotechnic exploder and a first piston. The first pyrotechnic exploder is fixedly arranged on the first seat body and is used to drive the first piston to move. The first seat body is provided with a first punching channel. The first piston is arranged in the first punching channel and is used to punch and cut off the bridging conductor. The bridging conductor crosses the first punching channel and is located on the moving path of the first piston.

6. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second controlled breaking mechanism includes a second seat body, a second pyrotechnic exploder and a second piston. The second pyrotechnic exploder is fixedly arranged on the second seat body and is used to drive the second piston to move. The second seat body is provided with a second punching channel. The second piston is arranged in the second punching channel and is used to punch and cut off the second melt. The second melt crosses the second punching channel and is located on the moving path of the second piston.

7. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a shell with openings at both ends and two end covers arranged at the openings at both ends of the shell, two-end electrodes, a main circuit, an auxiliary circuit, a first controlled breaking mechanism and a second controlled breaking mechanism are arranged in the shell, the two-end electrodes respectively pass through the two end covers and extend out of the end covers, the first seat body and the second seat body are fixedly connected to the shell, and the driving ends of the first pyrotechnic exploder and the second pyrotechnic exploder pass through the shell and extend out of the shell.

8. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving ends of the first pyrotechnic exploder and the second pyrotechnic exploder extend from opposite side walls of the housing respectively; or the driving ends of the first pyrotechnic exploder and the second pyrotechnic exploder extend from the same side wall of the housing.

9. The active double-breaking fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the bridge conductor are connected to two-end electrodes through a plurality of first fuses connected in parallel.

10. The active double-breaking fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first melt and the second melt are arranged in a undulating manner from one end to the other end. The first melt and the second melt are provided with a plurality of narrow necks, which are arranged at intervals along the two end directions of the first melt and the second melt.

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