Arrangement structure of cooling system of hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hybrid electric vehicle cooling system arrangement structure and belongs to the technical field of automobile cooling systems. The arrangement mode comprises an engine cooling loop, a motor electric control cooling loop, a DHT cooling branch, a high-voltage battery cooling branch, a cab cooling loop and a cooling device. The engine cooling loop comprises a first engine cooling loop, a second engine cooling loop and a third engine cooling loop, and the cab cooling loop comprises a first cab cooling loop and a second cab cooling loop. The cooling pipeline of the DHT hybrid power automobile is arranged, the transmission, the motor electric controller and the battery are preheated through cooling water, so that the whole system rapidly reaches the optimal temperature, then the motor electric controller, the hybrid power gearbox and the battery are preheated, all the systems can be rapidly warmed up, the working efficiency of the whole system is improved, and the service life of the system is prolonged. And the economical efficiency of the hybrid electric vehicle is further improved, and emission is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile cooling systems, and in particular relates to a layout structure of a cooling system for a hybrid power automobile. Background Art

[0002] In the face of the country's increasingly stringent regulations on automobile emissions and fuel consumption, the emergence of hybrid vehicles is an effective energy-saving route. Compared with pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles have the two advantages of both mileage and enhanced economy. Compared with traditional power vehicles, hybrid vehicles have added motors, batteries and corresponding control systems. The cooling of each system needs to be achieved through various components (such as fans, water pumps, stop valves, electronic water pumps, electronic expansion valves, etc.) and cooling pipeline layout. Controlling each component to achieve cooling function according to a reasonable layout can directly affect the efficiency of the entire vehicle, and also affects the economy of the entire vehicle. Existing hybrid vehicles only consider the cooling of each component, and do not make good use of thermal management for preheating the cold machine of the entire system or adding PTC heating components. Therefore, a hybrid vehicle cooling system layout structure is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to reasonably arrange the components and cooling pipelines required for cooling various systems of hybrid vehicles, and use the engine's small circulation cooling water to preheat the transmission, motor electronic control, and battery, so that the entire system can quickly reach the optimal temperature, thereby improving the working efficiency of the entire system and further improving the economy of the hybrid vehicle, thereby providing a hybrid vehicle cooling system layout structure.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A hybrid vehicle cooling system layout structure includes an engine cooling circuit, a motor electronic control cooling circuit, a DHT cooling branch, a high-voltage battery cooling branch, a cab cooling circuit and a cooling device.

[0006] The engine cooling circuit includes engine cooling circuit 1, engine cooling circuit 2 and engine cooling circuit 3.

[0007] The first engine cooling circuit is as follows: after the coolant enters the engine through a mechanical water pump, it flows through the thermostat, the second condenser and the mechanical water pump in sequence;

[0008] The second engine cooling circuit is as follows: the coolant enters the engine through a mechanical water pump, enters the heat exchanger, and after heat exchange, flows back to the mechanical water pump;

[0009] The engine cooling circuit three is as follows: the coolant enters the engine through a mechanical water pump, enters the heat exchanger two for heat exchange, and then flows back to the mechanical water pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor electronic control cooling circuit is as follows: the coolant in condenser three enters the motor controller through electronic water pump one for cooling, enters heat exchanger one for heat exchange, and then flows back to condenser three.

[0011] Furthermore, the DHT cooling branch is as follows: a water pump sends hot water in the hybrid transmission into a heat exchanger, and then flows back to the hybrid transmission after heat exchange. The water pump adopts a mechanical pump or an electronic pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-voltage battery cooling branch is as follows: electronic water pump 2 sends the cooling water after heat exchange in heat exchanger 2 to the battery for cooling, and then flows back to heat exchanger 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the cab cooling circuit includes a cab cooling circuit 1 and a cab cooling circuit 2.

[0014] The first cab cooling circuit is as follows: the refrigerant gas is compressed by the compressor and enters the condenser for heat exchange, then enters the evaporator and flows back to the compressor.

[0015] The second cab cooling circuit is as follows: the refrigerant gas is compressed by the compressor and enters the first condenser for heat exchange, then enters the second heat exchanger for heat exchange, and then flows back to the compressor.

[0016] Furthermore, a first stop valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the engine and the first heat exchanger, and a second stop valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the engine and the second heat exchanger.

[0017] Furthermore, a stop valve three is provided on the pipeline connecting the condenser 1 and the evaporator, and an electronic expansion valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the condenser 1 and the heat exchanger 2.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] 1. The utility model arranges the cooling pipeline of the DHT hybrid vehicle and combines an effective control method for the components. Through three cooling circuits and two cooling branches, and with two stop valves, each system can meet the effective cooling requirements.

[0020] 2. The utility model utilizes the engine small cycle to design two cooling pipelines, analyzes the temperature of the core components of each control system, opens and closes the stop valve to switch the pipeline, and preheats the transmission, motor and electronic control, and battery through cooling water, so that the entire system quickly reaches the optimal temperature, and then preheats the motor and electronic control, hybrid transmission, and battery, so that each system can be warmed up quickly, thereby improving the working efficiency of the entire system, further improving the economy of hybrid vehicles and reducing emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the overall cooling pipeline layout diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the layout diagram of the engine cooling circuit of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the layout diagram of the electric motor electronic control cooling circuit of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the layout diagram of the DHT cooling branch of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the layout diagram of the cab cooling circuit of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a layout diagram of the high-voltage battery cooling branch of the utility model.

[0027] The names and reference numerals of the components involved in the above drawings are as follows:

[0028] 2. Engine cooling circuit; 3. Engine cooling circuit one; 4. Engine cooling circuit two; 5. Engine cooling circuit three; 6. Motor electronic control cooling circuit; 7. DHT cooling branch; 8. High-voltage battery cooling branch; 9. Cab cooling circuit; 10. Cab cooling circuit one; 11. Cab cooling circuit two; 12. Cooling device; 13. Condenser one; 14; Condenser two; 15. Condenser three; 16. Fan one; 17. Fan two; 18. Thermostat; 19. Engine; 20. Mechanical water pump; 21. Stop valve one; 22. Stop valve two; 23. Heat exchanger one; 24. Heat exchanger two; 25. Motor controller; 26. Electronic water pump one; 27. Hybrid-specific transmission; 28. Mechanical pump and electronic pump; 29. ​​Stop valve three; 30. Electronic expansion valve; 31. Evaporator; 32. Compressor; 33. Battery; 34. Electronic water pump two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] This embodiment discloses a hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure, including an engine cooling circuit 2, a motor electronic control cooling circuit 6, a DHT cooling branch 7, a high-voltage battery cooling branch 8, a cab cooling circuit 9 and a cooling device 12.

[0031] The engine cooling circuit 2 includes an engine cooling circuit 1 3, an engine cooling circuit 2 4 and an engine cooling circuit 3 5.

[0032] The engine cooling circuit 1 3 is as follows: after the coolant enters the engine 19 through the mechanical water pump 20, it flows through the thermostat 18, the condenser 2 14 and the mechanical water pump 20 in sequence;

[0033] The engine cooling circuit 2 4 is as follows: the coolant enters the engine 19 through the mechanical water pump 20, enters the heat exchanger 1 23 for heat exchange, and then flows back to the mechanical water pump 20;

[0034] The engine cooling circuit three 5 is as follows: the coolant enters the engine 19 through the mechanical water pump 20 , enters the heat exchanger two 24 for heat exchange, and then flows back to the mechanical water pump 20 .

[0035] Furthermore, the motor electronic control cooling circuit 6 is as follows: the coolant in the condenser three 15 enters the motor controller 25 through the electronic water pump one 26 for cooling, enters the heat exchanger one 23 for heat exchange, and then flows back to the condenser three 15.

[0036] Furthermore, the DHT cooling branch 7 is as follows: the water pump 28 sends the hot water in the hybrid transmission 27 to the heat exchanger 23 for heat exchange, and then flows back to the hybrid transmission 27. The water pump 28 adopts a mechanical pump or an electronic pump.

[0037] Furthermore, the high-voltage battery cooling branch 8 is as follows: the electronic water pump 2 34 sends the cooling water after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 24 to the battery 33 for cooling, and then flows back to the heat exchanger 24 .

[0038] Furthermore, the cab cooling circuit 9 includes a cab cooling circuit 1 10 and a cab cooling circuit 2 11.

[0039] The cab cooling circuit 10 is as follows: the refrigerant gas is compressed by the compressor 32 and enters the condenser 13 to be converted into liquid through heat exchange, then enters the evaporator 31 to be converted back into gas, and then flows back to the compressor 32.

[0040] The cab cooling circuit 2 11 is as follows: the refrigerant gas is compressed by the compressor 32 and enters the condenser 13 to be heat exchanged to become liquid, then enters the heat exchanger 2 24 to be heat exchanged, and then flows back to the compressor 32 .

[0041] A fan 16 and a fan 2 17 are arranged near the condenser 13 , the condenser 2 14 and the condenser 3 15 . The fan 1 16 and the fan 2 17 both include a low-speed fan or a high-speed fan.

[0042] Furthermore, a stop valve 1 21 is provided on the pipeline connecting the engine 19 and the heat exchanger 1 23 , and a stop valve 2 22 is provided on the pipeline connecting the engine 19 and the heat exchanger 2 24 .

[0043] Furthermore, a stop valve 3 29 is provided on the pipeline connecting the condenser 13 and the evaporator 31 , and an electronic expansion valve 30 is provided on the pipeline connecting the condenser 13 and the heat exchanger 2 24 .

[0044] A control method using the layout of the cooling system of a hybrid vehicle includes a control method for a cab cooling circuit 9 and a high-voltage battery cooling branch 8, a control method for an engine cooling circuit 2, and a control method for a motor electronically controlled cooling circuit 6 and a DHT cooling branch 7.

[0045] The control method of the cab cooling circuit 9 and the high-voltage battery cooling branch 8 is:

[0046] Method 1: When the driver presses the AC switch (i.e., the car air conditioning refrigeration switch) or the battery 33 has a cooling demand, the compressor 32 works. If only the driver has a cooling demand, the stop valve 3 29 is opened, the electronic expansion valve 30 is closed, and the refrigerant pressure and the evaporator 31 temperature are monitored at the same time. When the refrigerant pressure reaches 2.1Mpa or the evaporator 31 temperature reaches -2°C, the compressor 32 stops working. Here, a hysteresis value is set. When the pressure drops to a safe value and the evaporator 31 temperature drops to a safe value, the compressor 32 continues to work.

[0047] Method 2: If there is only a cooling demand for the battery 33, the electronic water pump 2 34 works, the stop valve 3 29 is closed, and the electronic expansion valve 30 is opened. According to the temperature range of the battery 33, the speed of the third-speed compressor 32 is set. The specific MAP (manifold absolute pressure sensor) is calibrated according to the actual vehicle situation. The specific opening of the electronic expansion valve 30 is PID closed-loop controlled (negative feedback closed-loop control method) according to the target cooling temperature of the battery 33. When the pressure drops to a safe value and the temperature of the evaporator 31 drops to a safe value, the compressor 32 continues to work;

[0048] Method 3: If the battery 33 is cooled and the driver's AC switch is required at the same time, the stop valve 3 29 is opened, the electronic expansion valve 30 is opened, and the control method of opening and closing takes into account the control methods of the above-mentioned methods 1 and 2;

[0049] Furthermore, the control method of the engine cooling circuit 2 is:

[0050] When the vehicle is started with a cold engine, the thermostat 18 turns off the engine 19 and runs a small cycle. At this time, the shut-off valve 1 21 and the shut-off valve 2 22 are closed. When the water temperature of the engine 19 rises to 80°C, the switch of the shut-off valve 1 21 is determined according to the temperature of the motor controller 25 MCU / GCU, the motor temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27, and the oil temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27. If the temperature of the motor controller 25 MCU / GCU is less than 35°C, the motor temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27 is less than 60°C, and the oil temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27 is less than 90°C, the shut-off valve 1 21 is opened. If one of the above conditions is met, the shut-off valve 1 is opened. Valve 121 is closed, the water temperature of engine 19 rises to 88°C, thermostat 18 is opened, and PID closed-loop control (negative feedback closed-loop control method) adjusts the opening of thermostat 18 to control the temperature of engine 19 at 90°C. When the water temperature reaches 93°C, the low-speed fan of fan 16 is turned on, the water temperature drops to 90°C, and the low-speed fan of fan 16 is turned off. When the water temperature reaches 98°C, the high-speed fan of fan 16 is turned on, the water temperature drops to 95°C, and the high-speed fan of fan 16 is turned off. After the thermostat 18 is opened, the control method of stop valve 121 and stop valve 22 is the same as when the thermostat 18 is closed.

[0051] Furthermore, the control method of the motor electronically controlled cooling circuit 6 and the DHT cooling branch 7 is:

[0052] Method 1: The electronic water pump 1 26 starts working when the vehicle is ready. The low-speed fan and high-speed fan of the fan 2 17 are turned on according to the IGBT temperature of the motor controller 25, the motor temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27, and the oil temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27. When the IGBT temperature reaches 38°C or the motor temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27 reaches 62°C or the oil temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27 reaches 95°C, the low-speed fan of the fan 2 17 is turned on. When the IGBT temperature reaches 68°C or the temperature of the motor controller 25 reaches 70°C or the oil temperature of the motor controller 25 reaches 105°C, the high-speed fan of the fan 2 17 is turned on. The hysteresis temperature of the fan 2 17 is set to 5°C for turning on and off to prevent the fan 2 17 from moving back and forth.

[0053] Method 2: The water pump 28 starts working after the vehicle is READY, and sets the speed MAP according to the output speed and the oil temperature of the hybrid transmission 27 .

[0054] The cab cooling circuit 9 and the high-voltage battery cooling branch 8 have a cooling medium of refrigerant. The cab cooling circuit 9 includes a cab cooling circuit 1 10 and a cab cooling circuit 2 11. The engine 19 drives the compressor 32 to drive the refrigerant flow, and the cab is cooled through the evaporator 31. The right side of the evaporator 31 is the heat exchanger 2 24, and the refrigerant is introduced on the left side. The right side is the high-voltage battery cooling branch 8, and the battery 33 is cooled through the heat exchanger 2 24. The evaporator 31 and the heat exchanger 2 24 are equipped with a stop valve 3 29 and an electronic expansion valve 30 to realize the switching of the cab cooling circuit 1 10 and the cab cooling circuit 2 11.

[0055] The engine cooling circuit 2 includes an engine cooling circuit 1 3, an engine cooling circuit 2 4 and an engine cooling circuit 3 5, which are composed of a condenser 2 14, a fan 1 16, a thermostat 18, a mechanical water pump 20, a stop valve 1 21 and a stop valve 2 22. The two stop valve control pipelines are respectively connected to a heat exchanger 1 23 of the motor electronic control cooling circuit 6 and a heat exchanger 2 24 of the cab cooling circuit 9. In a cold state, the engine 19 circulating water can be used to preheat the entire system, so that energy can be reasonably utilized, the warm-up time can be greatly shortened, and fuel consumption can be reduced.

[0056] The motor electronic control cooling circuit 6 is composed of a fan 2 17 , an electronic water pump 1 26 , a motor controller 25 , and a heat exchanger 1 23 , and the DHT cooling branch 7 is composed of a DHT (i.e., a hybrid-specific transmission 27 ) (including dual motors), a mechanical pump and an electronic pump 28 .

[0057] The control method of the cab cooling circuit 9 and the high-voltage battery cooling branch 8 is:

[0058] Method 1: When the driver presses the AC switch (i.e., the car air conditioning refrigeration switch) or the battery 33 has a cooling demand, the compressor 32 works. If only the driver has a cooling demand, the stop valve 3 29 is opened, the electronic expansion valve 30 is closed, and the refrigerant pressure and the evaporator 31 temperature are monitored at the same time. When the refrigerant pressure reaches 2.1Mpa or the evaporator 31 temperature reaches -2°C, the compressor 32 stops working. Here, a hysteresis value is set. When the pressure drops to a safe value and the evaporator 31 temperature drops to a safe value, the compressor 32 continues to work.

[0059] Method 2: If there is only a cooling demand for the battery 33, the electronic water pump 2 34 works, the stop valve 3 29 is closed, and the electronic expansion valve 30 is opened. According to the temperature range of the battery 33, the speed of the third-speed compressor 32 is set. The specific MAP (i.e., manifold absolute pressure sensor) is calibrated according to the actual vehicle conditions. The specific opening of the electronic expansion valve 30 is PID closed-loop controlled (i.e., negative feedback closed-loop control method) according to the target cooling temperature of the battery 33. When the pressure drops to a safe value and the temperature of the evaporator 31 drops to a safe value, the compressor 32 continues to work;

[0060] Method 3: If the battery 33 is cooled and the driver's AC switch is required at the same time, the stop valve 3 29 is opened, the electronic expansion valve 30 is opened, and the control method of opening and closing takes into account the control methods of the above-mentioned methods 1 and 2.

[0061] The control method of engine cooling circuit 2 is:

[0062] When the vehicle is started with a cold engine, the thermostat 18 turns off the engine 19 and runs a small cycle. At this time, the stop valve 1 21 and the stop valve 2 22 are closed. When the water temperature of the engine 19 rises to 80°C, the switch of the stop valve 21 is determined according to the temperature of the motor controller 25MCU / GCU, the motor temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27, the oil temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27, etc. If the temperature of the motor controller 25MCU / GCU is less than 35°C and the motor temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27 is less than 60°C and the oil temperature of the hybrid-specific transmission 27 is less than 90°C, the stop valve 21 is opened. If one of the above conditions is met, the stop valve 21 is closed, the water temperature of the engine 19 rises to 88°C, the thermostat 18 is opened, and the PID closed-loop control adjusts the opening of the thermostat 18 so that the temperature of the engine 19 is controlled at 90°C. When the water temperature reaches 93°C, the low-speed fan of the fan 16 is turned on, and the water temperature drops to 90°C, and the low-speed fan of the fan 16 is turned off. When the water temperature reaches 98°C, the high-speed fan of fan 16 is turned on, and when the water temperature drops to 95°C, the high-speed fan of fan 16 is turned off. After the thermostat 18 is opened, the control method of the stop valve 1 21 and the stop valve 2 22 is the same as when the thermostat 18 is closed.

[0063] The control method of the motor electronically controlled cooling circuit 6 and the DHT cooling branch 7 is:

[0064] Method 1: The electronic water pump 1 26 starts working when the vehicle is ready. The low-speed fan and high-speed fan of the fan 2 17 are turned on according to the IGBT temperature of the motor controller 25, the motor temperature of the hybrid transmission 27, and the oil temperature of the hybrid transmission 27. When the IGBT temperature reaches 38°C or the motor temperature of the hybrid transmission 27 reaches 62°C or the motor oil temperature of the hybrid transmission 27 reaches 95°C, the low-speed fan of the fan 2 17 is turned on. When the IGBT temperature reaches 68°C or the motor temperature of the hybrid transmission 27 reaches 70°C or the oil temperature of the hybrid transmission 27 reaches 105°C, the high-speed fan of the fan 2 17 is turned on. The hysteresis temperature of the fan 2 17 is set to 5°C when it is turned on and off to prevent the fan 2 17 from moving back and forth.

[0065] Method 2: The mechanical pump and the electronic pump 28 start working after the vehicle is READY, and the speed MAP is set according to the output speed and the oil temperature of the hybrid transmission 27 .

[0066] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent conditions of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0067] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure, characterized in that: It comprises an engine cooling circuit (2), a motor electronic control cooling circuit (6), a DHT cooling branch (7), a high-voltage battery cooling branch (8), a cab cooling circuit (9) and a cooling device (12), The engine cooling circuit (2) comprises an engine cooling circuit 1 (3), an engine cooling circuit 2 (4) and an engine cooling circuit 3 (5), The engine cooling circuit 1 (3) is as follows: after the coolant enters the engine (19) through the mechanical water pump (20), it flows through the thermostat (18), the condenser 2 (14) and the mechanical water pump (20) in sequence; The engine cooling circuit 2 (4) is as follows: after the coolant enters the engine (19) through the mechanical water pump (20), it enters the heat exchanger 1 (23) for heat exchange and then flows back to the mechanical water pump (20); The engine cooling circuit three (5) is as follows: after the coolant enters the engine (19) through the mechanical water pump (20), it enters the heat exchanger two (24) for heat exchange and then flows back to the mechanical water pump (20).

2. A hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor electronic control cooling circuit (6) is as follows: the coolant in the condenser three (15) enters the motor controller (25) through the electronic water pump one (26) for cooling, enters the heat exchanger one (23) for heat exchange, and then flows back to the condenser three (15).

3. The hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DHT cooling branch (7) is as follows: a water pump (28) sends hot water in the hybrid transmission (27) to a heat exchanger (23) for heat exchange, and then flows back to the hybrid transmission (27).

4. The hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage battery cooling branch (8) is as follows: the second electronic water pump (34) sends the cooling water after heat exchange in the second heat exchanger (24) into the battery (33) for cooling, and then flows back to the second heat exchanger (24).

5. The hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cab cooling circuit (9) comprises a cab cooling circuit 1 (10) and a cab cooling circuit 2 (11), The cab cooling circuit 1 (10) is as follows: the refrigerant gas is compressed by the compressor (32) and enters the condenser 1 (13) for heat exchange, then enters the evaporator (31) and flows back to the compressor (32). The second cab cooling circuit (11) is as follows: the refrigerant gas is compressed by the compressor (32) and enters the first condenser (13) for heat exchange, then enters the second heat exchanger (24) for heat exchange, and then flows back to the compressor (32).

6. A hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stop valve 1 (21) is provided on the pipeline connecting the engine (19) and the first heat exchanger (23), and a stop valve 2 (22) is provided on the pipeline connecting the engine (19) and the second heat exchanger (24).

7. A hybrid vehicle cooling system arrangement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stop valve 3 (29) is provided on the pipeline connecting the condenser 1 (13) and the evaporator (31), and an electronic expansion valve (30) is provided on the pipeline connecting the condenser 1 (13) and the heat exchanger 2 (24).

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