Zinc pyrometallurgy device

Abstract

The utility model provides a pyrogenic process zinc smelting device which comprises an oxidizing furnace, and the oxidizing furnace is provided with a mixture inlet, an oxygen-enriched gas spray gun hole, a liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet and a high-temperature flue gas outlet; the electrothermal reduction furnace comprises a hot material heat preservation area, a reduction volatilization area, a liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet, a reducing agent inlet, a zinc-containing flue gas outlet and a tailing outlet which are located in a furnace body, the hot material heat preservation area is provided with at least one first electrode, the reduction volatilization area is provided with at least one second electrode, and the hot material heat preservation area is communicated with the reduction volatilization area; the liquid-state molten high-zinc slag inlet is formed in the hot material heat preservation area, and the liquid-state molten high-zinc slag inlet and the liquid-state molten high-zinc slag outlet are connected through a closed connecting chute; and the reducing agent inlet, the zinc-containing flue gas outlet and the tailing outlet are formed in the reduction volatilization area. Based on the pyrogenic process zinc smelting device, the problems that in the prior art, raw material component requirements are high, material preparation is complex, the zinc recovery rate is low, and energy consumption is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of metallurgy, and in particular to a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device. Background Art

[0002] Zinc is one of the ten commonly used nonferrous metals. It has excellent physical and chemical properties, is widely used, and is consumed in large quantities. The production of zinc mainly includes two processes: pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical zinc smelting. At present, the smelting of zinc is mainly based on the hydrometallurgical process. The zinc sulfide concentrate undergoes processes such as sulfidation roasting, leaching, liquid purification, electrolysis, and casting. It has the disadvantages of long processes, complex processes, and high sulfuric acid consumption. It also produces a large amount of leaching slag with a high zinc content. This leaching slag is a hazardous waste and needs to be disposed of harmlessly. Its treatment must strictly comply with relevant standards and is expensive.

[0003] The existing pyrometallurgical zinc smelting technologies such as vertical drum, ISP blast furnace, and electric furnace do not have the problem of waste slag reprocessing, but they are still not the mainstream processes of zinc smelting. Among them, vertical drum and ISP blast furnace have high requirements for raw material composition and complex material preparation process; electric furnace needs to control the atmosphere and temperature in the furnace to prevent large-scale reduction of iron; and all three methods generally have the disadvantages of low zinc recovery rate and high energy consumption. Therefore, improving the adaptability of raw materials for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, zinc recovery rate, and reducing energy consumption are of great significance for the widespread promotion and application of pyrometallurgical zinc smelting. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device to solve the problems of high raw material component requirements, complex material preparation, low zinc recovery rate and high energy consumption in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the utility model, a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device is provided, comprising:

[0006] The oxidation furnace is provided with a mixture inlet, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun hole, a liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet and a high-temperature flue gas outlet;

[0007] The electric reduction furnace comprises an inlet for liquid molten high-zinc slag, an inlet for reducing agent, an outlet for zinc-containing smoke, an outlet for tailings, and a hot material insulation zone and a reduction volatilization zone located inside the furnace body. The hot material insulation zone is provided with at least one first electrode, and the reduction volatilization zone is provided with at least one second electrode. The hot material insulation zone is connected with the reduction volatilization zone; the inlet for liquid molten high-zinc slag is provided in the hot material insulation zone, and the inlet for liquid molten high-zinc slag and the outlet for liquid molten high-zinc slag are connected through a closed connection chute; the inlet for reducing agent, the outlet for zinc-containing smoke and the outlet for tailings are provided in the reduction volatilization zone.

[0008] Furthermore, a partition wall is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace to divide the cavity inside the furnace body into a hot material insulation zone and a reduction volatilization zone; the hot material insulation zone and the reduction volatilization zone are respectively located on both sides of the partition wall, and the bottoms of the hot material insulation zone and the reduction volatilization zone are connected.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrothermal reduction furnace also includes a zinc vapor condensing device, which is provided with a gas inlet, a liquid outlet and a dirty gas outlet, and the gas inlet is connected to the zinc-containing fume outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchange medium outlet of the zinc steam condensation device is connected to a waste heat power generation device or a domestic water storage device.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid outlet is connected to a distillation device or an ingot casting device, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a dust removal device, and the dirty gas outlet is connected to the dust removal device.

[0012] Furthermore, a fuel spray gun hole is arranged on the oxidation furnace, and the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a fuel spray gun, and the fuel spray gun hole is connected to the fuel spray gun.

[0013] Furthermore, the dust removal device is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the fuel spray gun.

[0014] Furthermore, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a mixing unit, which is provided with a zinc sulfide concentrate inlet, a flux inlet and a mixture outlet, and the mixture outlet is connected to the mixture inlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a waste heat boiler, a dust collecting device and an acid making system. The waste heat boiler is provided with a first flue gas inlet, a second flue gas outlet and a boiler dust outlet. The dust collecting device is provided with a second flue gas inlet, a third flue gas outlet and a smoke dust outlet. The first flue gas inlet is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the second flue gas outlet is connected to the second flue gas inlet, and the third flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the acid making system.

[0016] Furthermore, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a leaching device for a hydrometallurgical zinc smelting process, which is used to perform leaching treatment on materials flowing out of the boiler dust outlet and the smoke dust outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the mixing unit is provided with a return port for receiving return materials from the boiler dust outlet and the smoke dust outlet.

[0018] Furthermore, a closed spiral feeding device is provided at the reducing agent inlet.

[0019] Furthermore, the oxidation furnace is an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace.

[0020] Furthermore, each first electrode extends from the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace into the hot material insulation zone, and each second electrode extends from the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace into the reduction volatilization zone.

[0021] Furthermore, the liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet is arranged on the side wall of the electric thermal reduction furnace, the reducing agent inlet and the zinc-containing fume outlet are arranged on the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace, and the tailings outlet is arranged at the bottom of the electric thermal reduction furnace.

[0022] By applying the technical solution of the utility model, a mixture containing zinc sulfide concentrate and flux and oxygen-rich gas are oxidatively smelted in an oxidation furnace to obtain liquid molten high-zinc slag and high-temperature flue gas, and then the liquid molten high-zinc slag and a reducing agent are reduced and smelted in an electric reduction furnace to obtain zinc-containing flue gas and tailings, and the zinc-containing flue gas can be used to process and obtain crude zinc. On the one hand, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device based on the utility model adopts two furnace bodies, an oxidation furnace and an electric reduction furnace, to respectively perform oxidation and reduction operations. Compared with the prior art, a single metallurgical furnace is used to melt and produce high-zinc slag and reduce and volatilize to produce metallic zinc vapor, which is convenient and simple to operate and more feasible for engineering implementation. On the other hand, the electric reduction furnace is divided into a hot material insulation zone and a reduction volatilization zone. The hot material insulation zone can be used to keep the material warm, and when the liquid molten high-zinc slag level in the hot material insulation zone is higher than the liquid molten high-zinc slag level in the reduction volatilization zone, the liquid molten high-zinc slag has a liquid sealing effect, preventing the outside air or oxygen in the oxidation furnace from entering the reduction volatilization zone in the electric reduction furnace through the closed connecting chute. This partition structure design is conducive to ensuring the sealing of the reduction volatilization zone, preventing air or oxygen from entering the reduction volatilization zone through the closed connecting chute, resulting in the metal zinc vapor being re-oxidized to zinc oxide, resulting in a decrease in product purity, blocking the condensation system or increasing the digestion of the reducing agent (and the use of carbonaceous materials such as coke as a reducing agent There is a safety risk of CO deflagration and explosion. In addition, during the zinc smelting process, the oxidation zone usually needs to ensure a micro-negative pressure environment to facilitate the subsequent flue gas to enter the subsequent treatment (such as waste heat recovery, dust collection or acid treatment process), while the reduction zone generally requires a micro-positive pressure environment to facilitate the recovery of zinc-containing metal vapor after reduction. The design of the partition structure minimizes the mutual influence of the micro-negative pressure environment and the micro-positive pressure environment, and better ensures the micro-negative pressure environment of the oxidation zone and the micro-positive pressure environment of the reduction volatilization zone. It is easy and safe to operate, and the zinc recovery rate is high. It is generally applicable to various zinc sulfide concentrates and has strong raw material adaptability. Furthermore, the liquid molten high-zinc slag is added to the hot material insulation zone through a closed connection chute, and the latent heat of the liquid molten high-zinc slag is fully utilized and the thermal efficiency is high.

[0023] The above-mentioned device is used for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, which can achieve a higher zinc recovery rate and zinc purity, has strong raw material adaptability, is easy and safe to operate, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to the embodiment of the utility model is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process of pyrometallurgical zinc smelting using a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process of pyrometallurgical zinc smelting using a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to another embodiment of the utility model is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process of pyrometallurgical zinc smelting using a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to another embodiment of the utility model is shown.

[0029] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Oxidation furnace; 11. Mixed material inlet; 12. Oxygen-enriched gas spray gun hole; 14. Liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet; 15. High-temperature flue gas outlet;

[0031] 2. Electric heat reduction furnace; 21. Hot material insulation zone; 22. Reduction volatilization zone; 23. Liquid molten high zinc slag inlet; 24. Reductant inlet; 25. Zinc-containing flue gas outlet; 26. Tailings outlet; 27. Closed spiral feeding device; 28. First electrode; 29. ​​Second electrode;

[0032] 3. Closed connection chute;

[0033] 4. Partition wall;

[0034] 5. Zinc vapor condensation device; 51. Gas inlet; 52. Liquid outlet; 53. Dirty gas outlet;

[0035] 6. Dust removal device;

[0036] 7. Waste heat boiler; 71. First flue gas inlet; 72. Second flue gas outlet;

[0037] 8. Dust collection device;

[0038] 81. Second flue gas inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0040] As described in the background, the prior art has the problems of high requirements for raw material composition, complex material preparation, low zinc recovery rate and high energy consumption. In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an oxidation furnace 1, the oxidation furnace 1 is provided with a mixture inlet 11, an oxygen-rich gas spray gun hole 12, a liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet 14 and a high-temperature flue gas outlet 15; an electric heat reduction furnace 2, the electric heat reduction furnace 2 includes a liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet 23, a reducing agent inlet 24, a zinc-containing flue gas outlet 25, a tailings outlet 26, and a hot material insulation zone 21 and a reduction volatilization zone 22 located inside the furnace body, the hot material insulation zone is provided with at least one first electrode 28, the reduction volatilization zone 22 is provided with at least one second electrode 29, and the hot material insulation zone 21 is connected to the reduction volatilization zone 22; the liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet 23 is provided in the hot material insulation zone 21, and the liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet 23 and the liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet 14 are connected through a closed connection chute 3; the reducing agent inlet 24, the zinc-containing flue gas outlet 25 and the tailings outlet 26 are provided in the reduction volatilization zone 22.

[0041] In order to achieve a higher zinc recovery rate and zinc purity, the utility model provides a pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device. In actual application, a mixture containing zinc sulfide concentrate and flux and oxygen-rich gas are oxidized and smelted in an oxidation furnace 1 to obtain liquid molten high-zinc slag and high-temperature flue gas, and then the liquid molten high-zinc slag and the reducing agent are reduced and smelted in an electric thermal reduction furnace 2 to obtain zinc-containing flue gas and tailings. The zinc-containing flue gas can be treated to obtain crude zinc. On the one hand, based on the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device of the utility model, two furnace bodies, an oxidation furnace 1 and an electric thermal reduction furnace 2, are used to perform oxidation and reduction operations respectively. Compared with the prior art, a single metallurgical furnace is used to melt and produce high-zinc slag and reduce and volatilize to produce metallic zinc vapor, which is convenient and simple to operate and more feasible for engineering implementation. On the other hand, the electric reduction furnace 2 is divided into a hot material insulation zone 21 and a reduction volatilization zone 22. The hot material insulation zone 21 can be used to keep the material warm, and when the liquid molten high-zinc slag level in the hot material insulation zone 21 is higher than the liquid molten high-zinc slag level in the reduction volatilization zone 22, the liquid molten high-zinc slag has a liquid sealing effect, preventing the outside air or oxygen in the oxidation furnace 1 from entering the reduction volatilization zone 22 in the electric reduction furnace 2 through the closed connection chute 3. The partition structure design is conducive to ensuring the sealing of the reduction volatilization zone 22, preventing air or oxygen from entering the reduction volatilization zone 22 through the closed connection chute 3, resulting in the metal zinc vapor being re-oxidized to zinc oxide, resulting in a decrease in product purity, blocking the condensation system or increasing the digestion of the reducing agent (and there is a safety risk of CO deflagration and explosion when using carbonaceous materials such as coke as a reducing agent). In addition, during the zinc smelting process, the oxidation zone usually needs to ensure a micro-negative pressure environment to facilitate the subsequent flue gas to enter the subsequent treatment (such as waste heat recovery, dust collection or acid treatment process), while the reduction zone generally requires a micro-positive pressure environment to facilitate the recovery of zinc-containing metal vapor after reduction. The design of the partition structure minimizes the mutual influence of the micro-negative pressure environment and the micro-positive pressure environment, and better ensures the micro-negative pressure environment of the oxidation zone and the micro-positive pressure environment of the reduction volatilization zone 22. It is easy and safe to operate, and the zinc recovery rate is high. It has general applicability for various zinc sulfide concentrates and strong raw material adaptability. Furthermore, the liquid molten high-zinc slag is added to the hot material insulation zone through the closed connection chute 3, and the latent heat of the liquid molten high-zinc slag is fully utilized and the thermal efficiency is high. The above-mentioned device is used for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, which can achieve a higher zinc recovery rate and zinc purity, strong raw material adaptability, convenient operation, safety, energy saving and environmental protection, and has a wide range of application prospects.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1As shown, a partition wall 4 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the top of the electric heat reduction furnace 2 to divide the cavity inside the furnace body into a hot material insulation zone 21 and a reduction volatilization zone 22; the hot material insulation zone 21 and the reduction volatilization zone 22 are respectively located on both sides of the partition wall 4, and the bottoms of the hot material insulation zone 21 and the reduction volatilization zone 22 are connected. The closed connection chute 3 is responsible for the hot slag transportation function. When the liquid molten high zinc slag outlet 14 is opened and the liquid molten high zinc slag inlet 23 is opened for feeding, especially when the closed connection chute 3 is not tightly sealed, air entry is difficult to avoid. The electric heat reduction furnace 2 is divided into a hot material insulation zone 21 and a reduction volatilization zone 22 by a partition wall 4, and the hot material insulation zone 21 and the reduction volatilization zone 22 are connected at the bottom, and the liquid level control is coordinated to make the liquid level of the liquid molten high zinc slag in the hot material insulation zone 21 higher than the liquid molten high zinc slag in the reduction volatilization zone 22, which plays a liquid sealing role, prevents air or oxygen from directly entering the reduction volatilization zone 22 through the closed connection chute 3 to affect the reduction atmosphere, and prevents the liquid molten high zinc slag and gas in the reduction volatilization zone 22 from entering the hot material insulation zone 21, causing material loss and energy waste.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the electrothermal reduction furnace 2 further includes a zinc vapor condensing device 5 , which is provided with a gas inlet 51 , a liquid outlet 52 and a dirty gas outlet 53 , and the gas inlet 51 is connected to the zinc-containing fume outlet 25 .

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchange medium outlet of the zinc steam condensation device 5 is connected to a waste heat power generation device or a domestic water storage device (not shown), and the zinc-containing flue gas generated by the electric reduction furnace 2 is passed through the zinc steam condensation device 5 to obtain liquid crude zinc and dirty coal gas, and at the same time, the waste heat resources contained in the zinc-containing flue gas can be recycled by the condensation device to generate steam or hot water for waste heat power generation or domestic water. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can select the operating conditions of the condensation device according to actual needs, as long as the separation of liquid crude zinc and dirty coal gas can be achieved, and no further details will be given here.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet 52 is connected to a distillation device or an ingot casting device (not shown), the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device further includes a dust removal device 6, and the dirty gas outlet 53 is connected to the dust removal device 6, the generated liquid crude zinc is sent to the distillation device to produce high-purity zinc or directly cast into ingots for sale, and the dirty gas can be used as fuel after purification and dust removal.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, a fuel spray gun hole is provided on the oxidation furnace 1, and the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a fuel spray gun, and the fuel spray gun hole is connected to the fuel spray gun, and fuel is sprayed into the oxidation furnace 1 through the fuel spray gun to participate in combustion and thus supplement heat for the oxidation furnace 1, and when the initial reaction is insufficient or when the reaction heat generated by the oxidation of the zinc sulfide concentrate is insufficient, the furnace body temperature is maintained, thereby improving the recovery rate of zinc and the utilization rate of resources.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the dust removal device 6 is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the fuel spray gun (not shown). The dirty coal gas is used as a source of supplementary heat energy after purification and dust removal, thereby improving the resource utilization rate of the system.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device further includes a mixing unit, which is provided with a zinc sulfide concentrate inlet, a flux inlet and a mixture outlet, and the mixture outlet is connected to the mixture inlet 11, thereby, the raw material and the flux are first fully mixed by the mixing unit and then supplied to the oxidation furnace 1 for smelting, so as to efficiently and fully generate the target melting point high zinc slag. It should be noted that the mixing operation is a conventional operation in the prior art.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a waste heat boiler 7, a dust collecting device 8 and an acid making system (not shown). The waste heat boiler 7 is provided with a first flue gas inlet 71, a second flue gas outlet 72 and a boiler dust outlet. The dust collecting device 8 is provided with a second flue gas inlet 81, a third flue gas outlet and a dust outlet. The first flue gas inlet 71 is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet 15, the second flue gas outlet 72 is connected to the second flue gas inlet 81, and the third flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the acid making system.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a leaching device (not shown) for hydrometallurgical zinc smelting process, which is used to leaching the materials flowing out of the boiler dust outlet and the smoke dust outlet. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the oxidation furnace 1 is passed through the waste heat boiler 7 to produce boiler smoke and medium- and low-temperature flue gas. At the same time, the waste heat boiler 7 recovers the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas to produce steam for waste heat power generation or production and life. The medium- and low-temperature flue gas is dedusted by the dust collecting device 8 to obtain dedusted smoke and dedusted flue gas. The flue gas is sent to the acid-making system for treatment, and the smoke and boiler dust are sent for leaching together to make full use of the raw materials and waste heat.

[0051] Optionally, in a preferred embodiment, the mixing unit is provided with a return port for receiving the return of the boiler dust outlet and the smoke dust outlet; in addition to leaching, the smoke dust and boiler dust can also be returned to the mixing unit to achieve full utilization of the raw materials. It should be noted that the leaching operation and the acid production process are conventional operations in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the reducing agent inlet 24 is provided with a closed spiral feeding device 27. Feeding is performed through the closed spiral feeding device 27, which has good sealing performance and reduces external contamination or leakage during the feeding process, thereby providing a better reducing atmosphere and avoiding material loss as much as possible, thereby obtaining high yield and high purity zinc.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the oxidation furnace 1 is an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace. The oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace uses a side-blowing method to inject oxygen-enriched gas into the combustion chamber from the side of the furnace, making the combustion process more complete and efficient and having strong raw material adaptability.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, each first electrode 28 extends from the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace 2 into the hot material insulation zone 21, and each second electrode 29 extends from the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace 2 into the reduction volatilization zone 22.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet 23 is arranged on the side wall of the electric thermal reduction furnace 2, the reducing agent inlet 24 and the zinc-containing fume outlet 25 are arranged at the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace 2, and the tailings outlet 26 is arranged at the bottom of the electric thermal reduction furnace 2.

[0056] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting using the above pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device is provided, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps: step S1, supplying a mixture containing zinc sulfide concentrate and flux and oxygen-rich gas to an oxidation furnace for oxidation smelting to obtain liquid molten high-zinc slag and high-temperature flue gas; step S2, supplying the liquid molten high-zinc slag to a hot material insulation zone of an electric reduction furnace and controlling the liquid level of the liquid molten high-zinc slag in the hot material insulation zone to make the liquid level of the liquid molten high-zinc slag in the hot material insulation zone higher than the liquid level of the liquid molten high-zinc slag in the reduction volatilization zone; the liquid molten high-zinc slag in the reduction volatilization zone contacts with a reducing agent for reduction smelting to obtain zinc-containing flue gas and tailings. According to the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting method of the embodiment of the utility model, a mixture containing zinc sulfide concentrate and flux is supplied to an oxidation furnace, the mixture is desulfurized and melted to obtain sulfur-containing high-temperature flue gas, and SiO2, CaO, iron oxides and the like in the mixture participate in slag making, and the formed molten high-zinc slag directly enters the hot material insulation zone through a closed connection chute, and then enters the reduction volatilization zone for reduction reaction. The partition structure design is conducive to ensuring the sealing of the reduction volatilization zone, preventing air or oxygen from entering the reduction volatilization zone through the closed connection chute, reducing the energy consumption in the electric thermal reduction furnace, realizing efficient and thorough reduction of zinc, and improving the recovery rate of zinc.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the iron-silicon mass ratio in the mixture is 1.0-1.5 or the calcium-silicon mass ratio is 0.3-0.6, and the ingredients are prepared according to the selected different target slag types. After oxidation smelting, the target high-zinc slag is generated. The slag type of the high-zinc slag generated by the above ingredients is zinc-iron-silicon-calcium slag system, including ZnO-FeO-SiO2 type and ZnO-FeO-SiO2-CaO type; preferably, the flux is selected from at least one of siliceous flux, calcareous flux and ferrous flux, more preferably, the siliceous flux is quartz stone, the calcareous flux is selected from at least one of limestone and dolomite, and the ferrous flux is selected from at least one of iron slag and iron filings. The above raw materials have a wide source and low cost; in order to obtain higher purity and recovery rate Zinc, preferably the oxygen-enriched gas is oxygen-enriched air, and the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched air is 30-90% by volume; preferably the reducing agent is selected from at least one of coke and ferrosilicon, and more preferably coke, so as to obtain a higher reduction rate; too low zinc slag affects the reduction efficiency and product quality, and preferably, the mass content of zinc in the liquid molten high-zinc slag is not less than 25% by mass percentage; in order to avoid high energy consumption, reduce the loss of oxidation furnace and reduction furnace, and obtain zinc with higher purity and recovery rate, the oxidation smelting temperature is preferably 1200-1600°C, and more preferably 1350-1450°C; the reduction smelting temperature is preferably 1200-1600°C, and more preferably 1450-1600°C.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the method for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting also includes step S3, supplying zinc-containing flue gas to a zinc steam condensing device for condensation to obtain liquid crude zinc and dirty coal gas; preferably, step S3 also includes: supplying steam or hot water generated at the heat exchange medium outlet of the zinc steam condensing device to a waste heat power generation device or a domestic water storage device; preferably, the method for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting also includes step S4, supplying liquid crude zinc to a distillation device to produce high-purity zinc or to an ingot casting device to cast ingots, and supplying dirty coal gas to a dust removal device for purification and dust removal to obtain coal gas; more preferably, step S1 also includes: injecting fuel into the oxidation furnace to supplement heat for the oxidation furnace, and the main component of the zinc sulfide concentrate is zinc sulfide. , using it as raw material, through batching, target slag type selection and oxygen introduction, utilizing the combustion heat of the zinc sulfide oxidation process itself, not only can the target melting point high zinc slag be fully generated to obtain a higher zinc recovery rate, but also the combustion heat of the zinc sulfide oxidation process itself is utilized for self-heating smelting, with low energy consumption. In order to further improve the zinc recovery rate and the efficiency of oxidation and melting, fuel is used to supplement heat for the oxidation furnace, and preferably the heat generated by the combustion of carbonaceous fuel is used as the energy source for heat supply and regulation, and the carbonaceous fuel is preferably selected from at least one of natural gas, pulverized coal and high calorific value coal gas; further preferably, the coal gas obtained by purification and dust removal is used as fuel to supplement heat for the oxidation furnace, thereby improving resource utilization.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the method for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting also includes step S0, supplying zinc concentrate and flux to a mixing unit for mixing, so as to obtain a mixture containing zinc sulfide concentrate and flux; preferably, step S1 also includes: supplying high-temperature flue gas to a waste heat boiler 7 for waste heat recovery to obtain medium-low temperature flue gas and boiler dust, supplying the medium-low temperature flue gas to a dust collecting device 8 for dust removal to obtain flue gas and flue dust, and sending the flue gas to an acid-making system for acid-making; more preferably, step S1 also includes: supplying boiler dust and flue dust to a leaching device for a hydrometallurgical zinc smelting process; or, supplying boiler dust and flue dust as return material to an oxidation furnace, so as to improve resource utilization, and more preferably, firstly, the return material, zinc concentrate and flux are fully mixed in a mixing unit, and then supplied to an oxidation furnace for smelting, so as to efficiently and fully generate a target high-zinc slag with a melting point.

[0060] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] use Figure 1 The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device shown in the figure is used for pyrometallurgical zinc smelting. The specific steps are as follows: Figure 4 , zinc sulfide concentrate (containing Zn: 49.57wt%, S: 26.58wt%, Fe: 8.77wt%, SiO2: 4.31wt%, CaO: 0.62wt%), quartz stone (containing SiO2: 94.5wt%), limestone (containing CaO: 97.8wt%), and iron slag (containing Fe3O4: 95.6wt%) are mixed in a mass ratio of 75:10:5:10 to obtain a mixture; the obtained mixture and oxygen-enriched air are added into an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace to oxidize and smelt the mixture with oxygen to generate ZnO-FeO-SiO2-CaO type liquid molten high-zinc slag (containing Zn: 40.28wt%) and sulfur-containing high-temperature flue gas; the liquid high-zinc slag is supplied to the hot material insulation zone 21 of the electric thermal reduction furnace 2 The liquid level of the liquid molten high zinc slag in the hot material insulation zone 21 is higher than that in the reduction volatilization zone 22. The liquid molten high zinc slag entering the reduction volatilization zone 22 is reduced and smelted with the coke reducing agent to produce zinc-containing flue gas (flue gas containing zinc metal vapor and CO) and tailings; the zinc-containing flue gas is condensed through the zinc vapor condensation device 5 to obtain liquid crude zinc and dirty coal gas rich in CO gas, and steam is generated at the heat exchange medium outlet of the zinc vapor condensation device 5 and supplied to the waste heat power generation device; the sulfur-containing high-temperature flue gas is supplied to the waste heat boiler 7 for waste heat recovery to obtain medium and low temperature flue gas and boiler dust, and the medium and low temperature flue gas is supplied to the dust collecting device 8 for dust removal to obtain flue gas and flue dust, and the flue gas is sent to the acid making system for acid making, and the flue dust and boiler dust are supplied to the leaching device for the hydrometallurgical zinc smelting process. Among them, the oxidation smelting temperature is 1450°C, and the reduction smelting temperature is 1600°C.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The difference from Example 1 is that the oxidation smelting temperature is 1350°C and the reduction smelting temperature is 1450°C.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The difference from Example 1 is that the reducing agent coke is replaced by ferrosilicon.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that the electric heat reduction furnace does not have a hot material insulation zone and a reduction volatilization zone zoning design.

[0069] The reduction time, zinc content in tailings, recovery rate of metallic zinc and zinc content in liquid crude zinc in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from Table 1, the above-mentioned Examples 1-3 of the utility model achieve high recovery and high purity of zinc, high reduction efficiency and low zinc content in tailings, avoid the generation of hazardous waste residues, and are environmentally friendly. In addition, the condensation latent heat recovery is also achieved, and there is no cumbersome pretreatment link, the process flow is short, and the raw material adaptability is strong.

[0073] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device, characterized in that: include: An oxidation furnace (1), wherein the oxidation furnace (1) is provided with a mixture inlet (11), an oxygen-rich gas spray gun hole (12), a liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet (14) and a high-temperature flue gas outlet (15); An electrothermal reduction furnace (2), the electrothermal reduction furnace (2) comprising a liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet (23), a reducing agent inlet (24), a zinc-containing fume outlet (25), a tailings outlet (26), and a hot material heat preservation zone (21) and a reduction volatilization zone (22) located inside the furnace body, the hot material heat preservation zone (21) being provided with at least one first electrode (28), the reduction volatilization zone (22) being provided with at least one second electrode (29), the hot material heat preservation zone (21) being connected to the reduction volatilization zone (22); the liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet (23) being provided in the hot material heat preservation zone (21), and the liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet (23) and the liquid molten high-zinc slag outlet (14) being connected via a sealed connection chute (3); the reducing agent inlet (24), the zinc-containing fume outlet (25) and the tailings outlet (26) being provided in the reduction volatilization zone (22).

2. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition wall (4) is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the top of the electric heat reduction furnace (2) to divide the cavity inside the furnace body into the hot material heat preservation zone (21) and the reduction volatilization zone (22); the hot material heat preservation zone (21) and the reduction volatilization zone (22) are respectively located on both sides of the partition wall (4), and the bottoms of the hot material heat preservation zone (21) and the reduction volatilization zone (22) are connected.

3. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrothermal reduction furnace (2) further comprises a zinc vapor condensation device (5), wherein the zinc vapor condensation device (5) is provided with a gas inlet (51), a liquid outlet (52) and a dirty gas outlet (53), and the gas inlet (51) is connected to the zinc-containing fume outlet (25).

4. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium outlet of the zinc steam condensation device (5) is connected to a waste heat power generation device or a domestic water storage device; and / or, The liquid outlet (52) is connected to a distillation device or an ingot casting device, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device further comprises a dust removal device (6), and the dirty gas outlet (53) is connected to the dust removal device (6); and / or, The oxidation furnace (1) is provided with a fuel spray gun hole, the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a fuel spray gun, and the fuel spray gun hole is connected to the fuel spray gun.

5. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust removal device (6) is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the fuel spray gun.

6. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device further comprises a mixing unit, wherein the mixing unit is provided with a zinc sulfide concentrate inlet, a flux inlet and a mixed material outlet, wherein the mixed material outlet is connected to the mixed material inlet (11); and / or, The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device further comprises a waste heat boiler (7), a dust collecting device (8) and an acid-making system. The waste heat boiler (7) is provided with a first flue gas inlet (71), a second flue gas outlet (72) and a boiler dust outlet. The dust collecting device (8) is provided with a second flue gas inlet (81), a third flue gas outlet and a flue dust outlet. The first flue gas inlet (71) is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet (15), the second flue gas outlet (72) is connected to the second flue gas inlet (81), and the third flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the acid-making system.

7. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device also includes a leaching device for a hydrometallurgical zinc smelting process, which is used to perform leaching treatment on the materials flowing out of the boiler dust outlet and the smoke dust outlet.

8. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixing unit is provided with a return material port for receiving the return material from the boiler dust outlet and the smoke dust outlet.

9. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducing agent inlet (24) is provided with a closed spiral feeding device (27).

10. The pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidation furnace (1) is an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace; and / or, Each of the first electrodes (28) extends from the top of the electric heat reduction furnace (2) into the hot material insulation zone (21), and each of the second electrodes (29) extends from the top of the electric heat reduction furnace (2) into the reduction volatilization zone (22); and / or, The liquid molten high-zinc slag inlet (23) is arranged on the side wall of the electric thermal reduction furnace (2), the reducing agent inlet (24) and the zinc-containing fume outlet (25) are arranged on the top of the electric thermal reduction furnace (2), and the tailings outlet (26) is arranged at the bottom of the electric thermal reduction furnace (2).

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