Ventilation and lighting structure for building underground space and villa

Abstract

The utility model relates to a building, in particular to a ventilation and lighting structure for building an underground space and a villa, the ventilation and lighting structure for building the underground space comprises at least two layers of underground building structures, and each layer of underground building structure is respectively communicated with a ventilation and lighting well. According to the ventilation and lighting structure for the underground space of the building, each layer of underground building structure is independently provided with the ventilation and lighting well, so that independent ventilation of each layer of underground building structure is achieved, and odor of different layers is prevented from flowing mutually.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a building, in particular to a ventilation and lighting structure and a villa used in underground space of a building. Background Art

[0002] At present, in order to further optimize the lighting and ventilation of the underground building structures in the villas, ventilation and lighting wells with integrated ventilation and lighting functions are generally set up. Existing villas generally have at least two floors of underground building structures sharing one ventilation and lighting well, but this will cause odors to cross between underground building structures on different floors. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that at least two underground building structures share a ventilation and lighting well, which may cause odors to cross between different underground building structures, and to provide a ventilation and lighting structure and villa for underground space.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A ventilation and lighting structure for underground building space comprises at least two layers of underground building structures, each layer of the underground building structures is respectively connected to a ventilation and lighting well.

[0006] The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in the present application realizes separate ventilation of each floor of the underground building structure by separately setting up ventilation and lighting wells for each floor of the underground building structure, so as to avoid the cross-flow of odors between different floors.

[0007] Preferably, a sunken space is further included, the side or top of the sunken space is open, and ventilation and lighting windows are arranged on the upper side of the ventilation and lighting well, and the ventilation and lighting windows are located on the side walls of the sunken space.

[0008] The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in the present application is to realize separate ventilation of each underground building structure by separately setting ventilation and lighting wells for each layer of the underground building structure, so as to avoid the smells from different layers from each other. On this basis, the side or top of the sunken space has an opening, and the external light can enter the sunken space through the opening to provide a light source for the ventilation and lighting windows. The upper side of the ventilation and lighting well is provided with ventilation and lighting windows to prevent rainwater or garbage from falling into the ventilation and lighting well, and the sunken space is set to prevent the top of the ventilation and lighting well from protruding from the ground, which reduces the comfort of the residents.

[0009] Preferably, the two vertically adjacent underground building structures are defined as underground building structure layer 1 and underground building structure layer 2, respectively, wherein:

[0010] The ventilation and lighting well connected to the underground building structural layer is a first ventilation and lighting well, and the ventilation and lighting window arranged on the upper side of the first ventilation and lighting well is a first ventilation and lighting window;

[0011] The ventilation and lighting well connected to the second underground building structural layer is the second ventilation and lighting well, and the ventilation and lighting window arranged on the upper side of the second ventilation and lighting well is the second ventilation and lighting window;

[0012] The first ventilation and lighting window and the second ventilation and lighting window are both located on the side walls of the sunken space.

[0013] Preferably, the elevation of the first ventilation and lighting window is higher than the elevation of the second ventilation and lighting window.

[0014] Preferably, a glass lighting structure is provided on one side of the sunken space, and light can enter the sunken space through the opening of the sunken space and shine on the glass lighting structure. The first ventilation and lighting window and the second ventilation and lighting window are both arranged on the side of the sunken space opposite to the glass lighting structure.

[0015] Preferably, a first mirror and a second mirror are provided on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light well, the first mirror is located on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light well opposite to the second ventilation and light window, and the second mirror is located on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light well on the same side as the second ventilation and light window.

[0016] Preferably, a third mirror and a fourth mirror are provided on the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting well, the third mirror is located on the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting well opposite to the first ventilation and lighting window, and the fourth mirror is located on the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting well on the same side as the first ventilation and lighting window. After the light enters the sunken space, part of the light is reflected by the glass lighting structure and enters the first ventilation and lighting window and / or the second ventilation and lighting window. The light entering the first ventilation and lighting window is repeatedly refracted and reflected by the first mirror and the second mirror arranged relatively, and finally the light intensity entering the second structural layer of the underground building is better; the light entering the second ventilation and lighting window is repeatedly refracted and reflected by the third mirror and the fourth mirror arranged relatively, and finally the light intensity entering the first structural layer of the underground building is better.

[0017] The positions on the inner wall of the second ventilation and lighting shaft where there are no first mirror surface and second mirror surface can be coated with a light-colored paint layer to further increase the intensity of light entering the second structural layer of the underground building.

[0018] The positions on the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting shaft where there are no third mirror surface and fourth mirror surface can be coated with a light-colored paint layer to further increase the intensity of light entering the first structural layer of the underground building.

[0019] Preferably, the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting well is coated with a white paint layer.

[0020] Preferably, the inner wall of the second ventilation and lighting well is coated with a white paint layer.

[0021] Preferably, a first layer structure is arranged above the uppermost underground building structure, the first layer structure is located on one side of the sunken space, the first layer structure is separated from the sunken space by a first side wall, and the glass lighting structure is arranged on the first side wall.

[0022] In this case, after the light enters the sunken space, it can not only provide light support for the underground building structure, but also provide light support for the first layer structure on one side of the sunken space.

[0023] Preferably, there is a second layer structure above the first layer structure, the second layer structure is separated from the first layer structure by the first layer plate, the first layer structure has a second layer plate at the bottom, the sunken space has a first outdoor structure on the side away from the first layer structure, and the ground elevation of the first outdoor structure is located between the first layer plate and the second layer plate.

[0024] Preferably, the height difference between the ground of the first outdoor structure and the first floor plate is H1, and the height difference between the ground of the first outdoor structure and the second floor plate is H2, and H1≤H2.

[0025] Preferably, K=H1 / (H1+H2), 0.3≤K≤0.5.

[0026] Preferably, a first staircase is provided between the second floor plate and the ground of the first outdoor structure.

[0027] Preferably, a second staircase is provided between the second layer structure and the ground of the first outdoor structure.

[0028] So configured, the ventilation and lighting structure for the underground space of a building described in the present application enables residents to quickly reach the ground of the first outdoor structure through the first structure and the second structure, allowing indoor residents to go outdoors more conveniently and making it easier to evacuate people in the event of a fire.

[0029] Preferably, the second ventilation and lighting shaft comprises a vertical channel, the top of the vertical channel is connected to a transverse channel, at least a portion of the transverse channel is located above the first ventilation and lighting shaft, and at least a portion of the ground of the first outdoor structure is located above the transverse channel, so as to increase the area of ​​the first outdoor structure.

[0030] Preferably, the first ventilation and lighting window is arranged flush with the second ventilation and lighting window in the vertical direction.

[0031] Preferably, a drainage ditch is provided at the bottom of the sunken space, and the bottom of the drainage ditch is lower than the elevation of the second floor plate.

[0032] Preferably, the first ventilation and light well and the second ventilation and light well are separated by a second side wall, and the second side wall is closed.

[0033] The present application also discloses a villa, including a ventilation and lighting structure for an underground space of a building as described in the present application.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in the present application realizes separate ventilation of each floor of the underground building structure by separately setting up ventilation and lighting wells for each floor of the underground building structure, so as to avoid the cross-flow of odors between different floors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of a ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building in the present application (the ground elevation of the first outdoor structure is between the elevation of the first floor plate and the elevation of the second floor plate).

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of a ventilation and lighting structure for an underground space of a building according to the present application (the ground elevation of the first outdoor structure is flush with the elevation of the first floor plate).

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of light incidence in a ventilation and lighting structure used in underground spaces of buildings in the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of the arrangement of a first beam and a second beam of a ventilation and lighting structure for an underground space of a building according to the present application.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic top view of a horizontal section of the arrangement of a first beam and a second beam of a ventilation and lighting structure for an underground space of a building according to the present application.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of the arrangement of the second beam and the third beam of a ventilation and lighting structure for an underground space of a building in the present application.

[0042] Markings in the figure: 1-sunken space, 2-first ventilation and lighting window, 3-first ventilation and lighting well, 4-underground building structural layer one, 5-underground building structural layer two, 6-second ventilation and lighting well, 7-second ventilation and lighting window, 8-first floor structure, 9-first floor board, 10-second floor board, 11-first outdoor structure, 12-ground, 13-first side wall, 14-glass lighting structure, 15-first staircase, 16-second floor structure, 17-second staircase, 18-vertical passage, 19-horizontal passage, 20-drainage ditch, 21-second side wall, 22-first mirror, 23-second mirror, 24-third mirror, 25-fourth mirror, 26-third side wall, 27-fourth side wall, 28-first beam, 29-second beam, 30-third beam, 31-third floor board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0046] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. that appear in the terms are merely descriptions used to distinguish the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0047] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0048] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in this embodiment includes at least two layers of underground building structures, and each layer of the underground building structures is respectively connected to a ventilation and lighting well.

[0051] The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in this embodiment is configured with ventilation and lighting wells separately for each floor of the underground building structure, so that each floor of the underground building structure can be ventilated separately to avoid odors from different floors from flowing into each other.

[0052] The underground building structure described in this embodiment refers to a building structure of a certain floor of the villa located underground.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, a ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, further includes a sunken space 1, the side or top of the sunken space 1 has an opening, and the upper side of the ventilation and lighting well is provided with a ventilation and lighting window, and the ventilation and lighting window is located on the side wall of the sunken space 1. By separately providing ventilation and lighting wells for each layer of the underground building structure, each layer of the underground building structure can be ventilated separately to avoid the smell of different layers from each other. On this basis, the side or top of the sunken space 1 has an opening, and external light can enter the sunken space 1 through the opening to provide a light source for the ventilation and lighting window. The upper side of the ventilation and lighting well is provided with a ventilation and lighting window to prevent rainwater or garbage from falling into the ventilation and lighting well, and by providing the sunken space 1, the top of the ventilation and lighting well is prevented from protruding from the ground, resulting in reduced comfort for the residents.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper side and the top of the sinking space 1 together form an opening, such as Figure 2 As shown, the top of the sinking space 1 is open.

[0056] The following is an explanation using two specific layers as an example:

[0057] The two vertically adjacent layers of the underground building structure are respectively defined as underground building structure layer one 4 and underground building structure layer two 5, wherein: the ventilation and lighting well connected to the underground building structure layer one 4 is the first ventilation and lighting well 3, and the ventilation and lighting window arranged on the upper side of the first ventilation and lighting well 3 is the first ventilation and lighting window 2; the ventilation and lighting well connected to the underground building structure layer two 5 is the second ventilation and lighting well 6, and the ventilation and lighting window arranged on the upper side of the second ventilation and lighting well 6 is the second ventilation and lighting window 7; the first ventilation and lighting window 2 and the second ventilation and lighting window 7 are both located on the side wall of the sunken space 1.

[0058] On the basis of the above scheme, in a further preferred embodiment, the elevation of the first ventilation and lighting window 2 is higher than the elevation of the second ventilation and lighting window 7 .

[0059] On the basis of the above scheme, a further preferred method is that a first layer structure 8 is arranged above the topmost underground building structure, the first layer structure 8 is located on one side of the sunken space 1, the first layer structure 8 is separated from the sunken space 1 by a first side wall 13, and a glass lighting structure 14 is arranged on the first side wall 13. In this case, after light enters the sunken space 1, it can not only provide light support for the underground building structure, but also provide light support for the first layer structure 8 on one side of the sunken space 1.

[0060] There is also a second layer structure 16 above the first layer structure 8, and the second layer structure 16 is separated from the first layer structure 8 by the first layer plate 9. The first layer structure 8 has a second layer plate 10 at the bottom, and the sunken space 1 has a first outdoor structure 11 on the side away from the first layer structure 8, and the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 is located at an elevation between the first layer plate 9 and the second layer plate 10.

[0061] On the basis of the above scheme, a further preferred method is that the height difference between the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 and the first floor board 9 is H1, and the height difference between the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 and the second floor board 10 is H2, H1≤H2, and further preferably, K=H1 / (H1+H2), 0.3≤K≤0.5.

[0062] A first staircase 15 is arranged between the second layer board 10 and the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11; a second staircase 17 is arranged between the second layer structure 16 and the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11. With such an arrangement, the ventilation and lighting structure for the underground space of a building described in this embodiment enables residents to quickly reach the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 through the first layer structure 8 and the second layer structure 16, allowing indoor residents to go outdoors more conveniently and making it easier to evacuate people in the event of a fire.

[0063] The first ventilation and lighting window 2 and the second ventilation and lighting window 7 are both arranged on the side of the sunken space 1 opposite to the glass lighting structure 14 .

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the second ventilation and lighting shaft 6 includes a vertical channel 18, the top of the vertical channel 18 is connected to a transverse channel 19, at least a portion of the transverse channel 19 is located above the first ventilation and lighting shaft 3, and at least a portion of the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 is located above the transverse channel 19. The area of ​​the first outdoor structure 11 is increased.

[0065] The first ventilation and lighting window 2 and the second ventilation and lighting window 7 are arranged flush with each other in the vertical direction.

[0066] A drainage ditch 20 is provided at the bottom of the sinking space 1 , and the bottom of the drainage ditch 20 is lower than the elevation of the second layer board 10 .

[0067] The first ventilation and lighting shaft 3 and the second ventilation and lighting shaft 6 are separated by a second side wall 21, and the second side wall 21 is closed.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] like Figure 3As shown, the ventilation and lighting structure for the underground space of a building described in this embodiment is based on Example 1 and differs from Example 2 in that a glass lighting structure 14 is arranged on one side of the sunken space 1, and light can enter the sunken space 1 through the opening of the sunken space 1 and shine on the glass lighting structure 14, and the first ventilation and lighting window 2 and the second ventilation and lighting window 7 are both arranged on the side of the sunken space 1 opposite to the glass lighting structure 14.

[0070] A first mirror 22 and a second mirror 23 are provided on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light well 6. The first mirror 22 is located on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light well 6 opposite to the second ventilation and light window 7, and the second mirror 23 is located on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light well 6 on the same side as the second ventilation and light window 7.

[0071] A third mirror 24 and a fourth mirror 25 are provided on the inner wall of the first ventilation and light well 3. The third mirror 24 is located on the inner wall of the first ventilation and light well 3 opposite to the first ventilation and light window 2, and the fourth mirror 25 is located on the inner wall of the first ventilation and light well 3 on the same side as the first ventilation and light window 2.

[0072] Specifically, after the light enters the sunken space 1, part of the light is reflected by the glass lighting structure 14 and enters the first ventilation and lighting window 2 and / or the second ventilation and lighting window 7. The light entering the first ventilation and lighting window 2 is repeatedly refracted and reflected by the first mirror 22 and the second mirror 23 that are arranged opposite to each other, and finally the light intensity entering the second structural layer 5 of the underground building is better;

[0073] The light entering the second ventilation and lighting window 7 is repeatedly refracted and reflected by the third mirror 24 and the fourth mirror 25 arranged opposite to each other, and finally the light intensity entering the underground building structural layer 4 is better.

[0074] More specifically, the second ventilation and lighting window 7 is arranged on the second side wall 21, the second mirror 23 is installed on the side wall of the second side wall 21 close to the second ventilation and lighting well 6, and the third mirror 24 is installed on the side wall of the second side wall 21 close to the first ventilation and lighting well 3.

[0075] More specifically, the first ventilation and lighting window 2 is arranged on the third side wall 26 , and the fourth mirror 25 is installed on the side wall of the third side wall 26 close to the first ventilation and lighting well 3 .

[0076] The positions on the inner wall of the second ventilation and lighting shaft 6 where there are no first mirror surface 22 and second mirror surface 23 can be coated with a light-colored paint layer to further increase the intensity of light entering the second structural layer 5 of the underground building.

[0077] The positions on the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting shaft 3 where there are no third mirror surface 24 and fourth mirror surface 25 can be coated with a light-colored paint layer to further increase the intensity of light entering the underground building structural layer 4.

[0078] A first-layer structure 8 is arranged above the uppermost underground building structure. The first-layer structure 8 is located on one side of the sunken space 1. The first-layer structure 8 is separated from the sunken space 1 by a first side wall 13. The glass lighting structure 14 is arranged on the first side wall 13.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation and lighting structure for underground building space described in this embodiment is different from Embodiment 2 or 3 in that: a white coating layer is coated on the inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting well 3; a white coating layer is coated on the inner wall of the second ventilation and lighting well 6. By coating the white coating layer, the intensity of light entering the first structural layer 4 and the second structural layer 5 of the underground building is further increased.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building described in this embodiment is based on embodiment 1 and is different from embodiments 2 or 3 or 4 in that: it includes a second-layer structure 16, a first-layer structure 8, an underground building structure layer 1 4 and an underground building structure layer 2 5 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein one side of the first-layer structure 8 is provided with a sunken space 1, and the side of the sunken space 1 away from the first-layer structure 8 is a first outdoor structure 11, and the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 is located between the first floor board 9 and the second floor board 10 at an elevation. At this point, the sunken space 1 is in an open state obliquely above the side of the first outdoor structure 11, and light can enter the sunken space 1 through the opening, and a drainage ditch 20 is provided at the bottom of the sunken space 1, and the bottom of the drainage ditch 20 is lower than the elevation of the second floor board 10.

[0083] The top of the underground building structural layer 1 4 is connected to a first ventilation and lighting well 3, and a first ventilation and lighting window 2 is provided on the upper side of the first ventilation and lighting well 3; the top of the underground building structural layer 2 5 is connected to a second ventilation and lighting well 6, and a second ventilation and lighting window 7 is provided on the upper side of the second ventilation and lighting well 6; the first ventilation and lighting window 2 and the second ventilation and lighting window 7 are both located on the side wall of the sunken space 1, and the first ventilation and lighting window 2 is located on the lower side of the second ventilation and lighting window 7. The top of the first ventilation and lighting well 3 and the top of the second ventilation and lighting well 6 are arranged in a step shape, and the first ventilation and lighting well 3 and the second ventilation and lighting well 6 are separated by a second side wall 21, and the second side wall 21 is closed.

[0084] There is a third layer 31 between the underground building structural layer 1 4 and the underground building structural layer 2 5 , and the second ventilation and lighting well 6 has a fourth side wall 27 on the side wall opposite to the second side wall 21 , and the first mirror 22 is located on the fourth side wall 27 .

[0085] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, a first beam 28 is disposed at the bottom of the second side wall 21 , a second beam 29 is correspondingly disposed on the fourth side wall 27 , and the first beam 28 is connected to the third layer board 31 .

[0086] like Figure 6 As shown, another way is that the third layer plate 31 is connected to the second side wall 21 , the bottom of the third layer plate 31 is supported by a third beam 30 , the bottom of the second side wall 21 is provided with a first beam 28 , and the fourth side wall 27 is correspondingly provided with a second beam 29 .

[0087] The first layer structure 8 is separated from the sunken space 1 by a first side wall 13, and a glass lighting structure 14 is arranged on the first side wall 13. The first ventilation and lighting window 2 and the second ventilation and lighting window 7 are both arranged on the side of the sunken space 1 opposite to the glass lighting structure 14. In this case, after the light enters the sunken space 1, it can not only provide light support for the underground building structure, but also provide light support for the first layer structure 8 on one side of the sunken space 1.

[0088] A first staircase 15 is arranged between the second layer board 10 and the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11; a second staircase 17 is arranged between the second layer structure 16 and the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11. With such an arrangement, the ventilation and lighting structure for the underground space of a building described in this embodiment enables residents to quickly reach the ground 12 of the first outdoor structure 11 through the first layer structure 8 and the second layer structure 16, allowing indoor residents to go outdoors more conveniently and making it easier to evacuate people in the event of a fire.

[0089] Example 6

[0090] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a villa, including a ventilation and lighting structure for building underground space as described in Embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5. The villa described in this embodiment includes a ventilation and lighting structure for building underground space, and ventilation and lighting wells are separately set for each floor of the underground building structure to achieve separate ventilation of each floor of the underground building structure, so as to avoid odors from different floors from each other.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building, characterized in that: It comprises at least two layers of underground building structures, each layer of the underground building structures is connected to a ventilation and lighting well; It also comprises a sunken space (1), the side or top of the sunken space (1) is open, the upper side of the ventilation and lighting well is provided with a ventilation and lighting window, and the ventilation and lighting window is located on the side wall of the sunken space (1); The two vertically adjacent layers of the underground building structure are defined as underground building structure layer 1 (4) and underground building structure layer 2 (5), respectively, wherein: The ventilation and lighting shaft connected to the underground building structural layer 1 (4) is a first ventilation and lighting shaft (3), and the ventilation and lighting window arranged on the upper side of the first ventilation and lighting shaft (3) is a first ventilation and lighting window (2); The ventilation and lighting shaft connected to the second underground building structural layer (5) is a second ventilation and lighting shaft (6), and the ventilation and lighting window arranged on the upper side of the second ventilation and lighting shaft (6) is a second ventilation and lighting window (7); The first ventilation and lighting window (2) and the second ventilation and lighting window (7) are both located on the side walls of the sunken space (1).

2. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevation of the first ventilation and lighting window (2) is higher than the elevation of the second ventilation and lighting window (7).

3. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A glass lighting structure (14) is arranged on one side of the sunken space (1), and light can enter the sunken space (1) through the opening of the sunken space (1) and shine on the glass lighting structure (14); the first ventilation and lighting window (2) and the second ventilation and lighting window (7) are both arranged on the side of the sunken space (1) opposite to the glass lighting structure (14).

4. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first mirror (22) and a second mirror (23) are provided on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light shaft (6); the first mirror (22) is located on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light shaft (6) opposite to the second ventilation and light window (7); and the second mirror (23) is located on the inner wall of the second ventilation and light shaft (6) on the same side as the second ventilation and light window (7).

5. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third mirror (24) and a fourth mirror (25) are provided on the inner wall of the first ventilation and light shaft (3); the third mirror (24) is located on the inner wall of the first ventilation and light shaft (3) opposite to the first ventilation and light window (2); and the fourth mirror (25) is located on the inner wall of the first ventilation and light shaft (3) on the same side as the first ventilation and light window (2).

6. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the first ventilation and lighting shaft (3) is coated with a white paint layer; and / or, The inner wall of the second ventilation and lighting shaft (6) is coated with a white paint layer.

7. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first layer structure (8) is arranged above the uppermost underground building structure, the first layer structure (8) is located on one side of the sunken space (1), the first layer structure (8) is separated from the sunken space (1) by a first side wall (13), and the glass lighting structure (14) is arranged on the first side wall (13).

8. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second layer structure (16) is provided above the first layer structure (8); the second layer structure (16) is separated from the first layer structure (8) by a first layer plate (9); a second layer plate (10) is provided at the bottom of the first layer structure (8); a first outdoor structure (11) is provided on a side of the sunken space (1) away from the first layer structure (8); and the ground (12) of the first outdoor structure (11) is located at an elevation between the first layer plate (9) and the second layer plate (10).

9. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 8, characterized in that: The height difference between the ground (12) of the first outdoor structure (11) and the first layer (9) is H1, and the height difference between the ground (12) of the first outdoor structure (11) and the second layer (10) is H2, and H1≤H2.

10. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 9, characterized in that: K=H1 / (H1+H2), 0.3≤K≤0.

5.

11. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 10, characterized in that: A first staircase (15) is provided between the second floor plate (10) and the ground (12) of the first outdoor structure (11).

12. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 11, characterized in that: A second staircase (17) is provided between the second layer structure (16) and the ground (12) of the first outdoor structure (11).

13. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second ventilation and light shaft (6) comprises a vertical channel (18), the top of the vertical channel (18) is connected to a transverse channel (19), at least a portion of the transverse channel (19) is located above the first ventilation and light shaft (3), and at least a portion of the ground (12) of the first outdoor structure (11) is located above the transverse channel (19).

14. A ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 13, characterized in that: The first ventilation and lighting window (2) and the second ventilation and lighting window (7) are arranged flush in the vertical direction.

15. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 8, characterized in that: A drainage ditch (20) is provided at the bottom of the sunken space (1), and the bottom of the drainage ditch (20) is lower than the elevation of the second layer of the board (10).

16. The ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ventilation and lighting shaft (3) and the second ventilation and lighting shaft (6) are separated by a second side wall (21), and the second side wall (21) is arranged in a closed manner.

17. A villa, characterized by: It comprises a ventilation and lighting structure for underground space of a building as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

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