Device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves from tobacco stems

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems, which comprises a shell provided with a winnowing cavity inside and a feed port, a tobacco leaf outlet and a tobacco stem outlet, and is characterized in that the shell is provided with a multi-stage airflow dispersing tuyere, the tobacco stem outlet is provided with a tobacco stem discharge channel, and the tobacco stem discharge channel is provided with a winnowing threshing mechanism. The problems that in the prior art, the tobacco leaf breakage rate is increased, tobacco leaf resources are wasted and the like due to the fact that the tobacco leaf stem content needs to be controlled by changing the size of meshes in a screen frame, increasing the rotating speed of a beating roller or / and reducing the air speed are thoroughly solved, complete separation of tobacco leaves and tobacco stems can be automatically completed in the non-stop state only by controlling the air speed and the air quantity, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. Through the follow-up matching proportion, the stem content of the tobacco leaves is effectively controlled, the adjustment of threshing indexes is completed, and the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tobacco processing equipment, in particular to a device for separating tobacco stems from tobacco leaves, which is used for reducing the stem content in leaves and improving the quality of threshing and stem removal during the threshing and re-baking process. Background Art

[0002] The tobacco strips produced by the leaf beating and redrying production line will inevitably contain tobacco stems, which will cause stem sticks and stem blocks to be produced during the shredding process. The stem sticks and stem blocks in the tobacco strips will affect the quality and efficiency of cigarette rolling. In order to improve the quality of cigarettes and reduce the waste rate of cigarettes, especially to avoid the situation where the stem sticks will pierce the cigarette paper when rolling thin cigarettes, corresponding measures must be taken to reduce the stem content in the tobacco strips, thereby reducing the number of stem sticks and stem blocks in the tobacco strips. The existing leaf beating and redrying production lines all use horizontal leaf beaters for leaf beating and stem removal. Because the leaf beating rollers are placed horizontally, during the leaf beating and stem removal process, the leaf blades are torn off the tobacco stems by the leaf beating rollers rotating in the shell, and then the leaf blades and tobacco stems are discharged from the top and the tobacco stems are discharged from the bottom by relying on the different floating speeds of the leaf blades and the tobacco stems in the air separator, thereby completing the separation of tobacco strips and tobacco stems. The leaf beater used is equipped with a mesh frame below the beating roller. The mesh frame is a semi-cylinder with an open top. Its function is: when the tobacco leaves enter the feed port of the leaf beater, a tobacco leaf flow is formed under the action of the high-speed rotating beating roller, and the tobacco leaves are thrown to the mesh frame under the action of centrifugal force. Since there is a large speed difference between the beating knife on the beating stick and the mesh frame and the fixed beating knife, a certain force is generated on the tobacco leaves, tearing the tobacco leaves off the tobacco stems; when the torn leaves, stems with leaves and pure stems are smaller than the mesh size of the mesh frame, they fall from the mesh. It can be seen from this that the horizontal leaf beater controls the size of the discharge material by the mesh size of the mesh frame. The mixture of tobacco leaves, stems with leaves and pure stems discharged from the beating machine discharge port is input into the air separator by the conveying equipment, and the leaves and stems are separated by the different floating speeds of the leaves and stems in the air separator. Generally, leaf threshers can improve leaf tearing effect and reduce stem content in leaves by reducing mesh size of net frame, increasing rotating speed of thresher roller or reducing wind speed, but at the same time, it will inevitably increase tobacco leaf crushing rate and significantly increase tobacco leaf loss. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model is designed to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a device for efficiently separating tobacco flakes and tobacco stems without increasing the tobacco leaf crushing rate.

[0004] The utility model is completed by the following technical scheme: a device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems, comprising a shell body with an air selection chamber therein, a feed inlet, a tobacco leaf outlet and a tobacco stem outlet arranged thereon, characterized in that a multi-stage air flow discrete air outlet is arranged on the shell body, a tobacco stem outlet is arranged on the tobacco stem outlet, and an air selection and leaf beating mechanism is arranged on the tobacco stem discharge channel, so that after the tobacco leaves and tobacco stems mixture after the beating enters from the feed inlet, the air flow blown in by the multi-stage air flow discrete air outlet is subjected to multi-stage discrete air separation, so that the light tobacco leaves float toward the air selection chamber with the wind, and the heavy tobacco stems fall below under the action of their own gravity and enter the tobacco stem discharge channel, the tobacco leaves remaining on the tobacco stems are torn off by the air selection and leaf beating mechanism in the tobacco stem discharge channel, the air flow sprayed in by the last air outlet of the multi-stage air flow discrete air outlet blows the torn tobacco leaves upward into the air selection chamber, and the tobacco leaves and tobacco stems are completely separated, the tobacco leaves floating toward the air selection chamber with the wind are discharged through the tobacco leaf outlet, and the tobacco stems are discharged through the tobacco stem outlet, thereby reducing the stem content of the tobacco leaves.

[0005] Furthermore, the multi-stage airflow discrete air port comprises at least two high-speed airflow nozzles, at least two low-speed airflow nozzles, and at least two air outlets which are arranged in sequence, and the at least two high-speed airflow nozzles and at least two low-speed airflow nozzles are all located on the shell below the feed port, and the air outlet is arranged on the top of the shell opposite to the air inlet, so as to provide wind separation power of different wind speeds to the air selection chamber through at least two high-speed airflow nozzles and at least two low-speed airflow nozzles, respectively, so as to complete the complete separation of tobacco leaves and tobacco stems.

[0006] Furthermore, a conveying mechanism is provided in the air selection chamber, and the conveying mechanism includes: a feed conveying mechanism located below the feed inlet, a net conveying mechanism located below the output end of the feed conveying mechanism, and a tobacco leaf conveying mechanism located at the bottom of the air selection chamber, wherein:

[0007] A first high-speed airflow injection port is provided on the shell wall between the output end of the feed conveying mechanism and the net-type conveying mechanism;

[0008] A second high-speed airflow inlet is provided on the housing wall between the output end of the net-type conveying mechanism and the inlet of the tobacco stem channel;

[0009] A first low-speed airflow injection port is provided on the shell wall at the bottom of the net-type conveying mechanism;

[0010] A second low-speed airflow inlet is provided on the housing wall above the tobacco stem discharge channel and below the air selection and leaf beating mechanism;

[0011] The threshed tobacco leaves and tobacco stem mixture fed into the feed port are transported to the air selection chamber through the feed conveying mechanism. The high-speed airflow blown in through the first high-speed airflow injection port causes the light tobacco leaves to float to the air selection chamber with the wind, and the heavy tobacco stems fall onto the mesh conveying mechanism below under the action of their own gravity. The low-speed airflow sprayed in through the first low-speed airflow injection port at the bottom of the mesh conveying mechanism causes the light tobacco leaves on the mesh conveying mechanism to float to the air selection chamber with the wind, and the mixture on the mesh conveying mechanism is fed into the air selection chamber at its output end. When the air is blown into the air selection chamber, the high-speed airflow blown in through the second high-speed airflow inlet causes the light tobacco leaves to float to the air selection chamber with the wind, and the heavy tobacco stems fall into the tobacco stem discharge channel below under the action of their own gravity. After the residual tobacco leaves on the tobacco stems are torn off by the air selection leaf beating mechanism, the low-speed airflow blown in through the second low-speed airflow inlet below causes the torn light tobacco leaves to float to the air selection chamber with the wind, while the tobacco stems are discharged from the tobacco stem outlet, finally completing the complete separation of tobacco leaves and tobacco stems, thereby reducing the tobacco leaf stem content.

[0012] The tobacco leaf outlet is located on the shell below the output end of the tobacco leaf conveying mechanism, and is provided with a cross-door dropper for controlling the discharge of tobacco leaves.

[0013] The at least two air outlets are each provided with a filtering mechanism, which includes a cylindrical screen and a brush roller matched with the cylindrical screen, so as to block the small tobacco leaves brought in by the wind on the outer wall of the cylindrical screen, brush them to the bottom of the air selection chamber through the brush roller, and then discharge them through the tobacco conveying mechanism and the discharge port.

[0014] Among the at least two air outlets, one air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure fan through an air duct, and the outlet end of the high-pressure fan is connected to the high-speed airflow inlet through the air duct to form a high-pressure air circulation pipeline; the other air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the circulation fan through the air duct, and the outlet end of the circulation fan is connected to the low-speed airflow inlet through the air duct to form a low-pressure air circulation pipeline.

[0015] The air duct connected to the high-speed airflow jet inlet and the air duct connected to the low-speed airflow jet inlet are respectively provided with control valves for controlling the air speed and air volume.

[0016] The air selection and leaf beating mechanism includes: a horizontal roller arranged in the tobacco stem discharge channel, a plurality of movable knives are distributed on the horizontal roller, the plurality of movable knives are alternately matched with fixed knives arranged on the tobacco stem discharge channel, an arc-shaped screen matched with the movable knives on the horizontal roller is arranged below the fixed knives, a slag discharge channel is arranged below the arc-shaped screen and outside the tobacco stem discharge channel, a slag receiving box is arranged at the bottom of the slag discharge channel, a longitudinal adjustment plate is hinged on the tobacco stem discharge channel below the horizontal roller through a hinge shaft, the lower end of the longitudinal adjustment plate is suspended in the tobacco stem discharge channel, and the longitudinal adjustment plate is connected to an adjustment mechanism, which is a power cylinder, wherein the power cylinder seat is fixed outside the tobacco stem discharge channel, the power cylinder piston rod extends into the tobacco stem discharge channel through the corresponding through holes on the wall and is connected to the longitudinal adjustment plate, so that the longitudinal adjustment plate can swing inward around the hinge shaft under the drive of the power cylinder to increase or decrease the volume of the tobacco stem discharge channel, so as to adjust the falling speed and amount, low-speed airflow speed, etc.

[0017] The feed conveying mechanism and tobacco leaf conveying mechanism are preferably conventional belt conveyors.

[0018] The mesh material conveying mechanism is preferably a conventional mesh belt conveyor.

[0019] The cylindrical screen and brush roller are conventional equipment.

[0020] The utility model has the following advantages and effects: the technical scheme is adopted to completely solve the problems in the prior art that the stem content of tobacco leaves needs to be controlled by manually replacing screen frames with different mesh sizes, controlling the rotation speed of the leaf beating roller or the wind speed, etc., which leads to an increase in the tobacco leaf crushing rate, waste of tobacco leaf resources, and increased labor intensity of workers. The tobacco leaves and stems can be completely separated automatically without stopping the machine only by controlling the wind speed and air volume. Through the subsequent parameter matching ratio, the stem content of tobacco leaves can be effectively controlled, the leaf beating index can be adjusted, and the labor intensity of workers can be greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Diagram of the winnowing and leaf-beating mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the embodiments given in the accompanying drawings of the specification, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems provided by the utility model comprises a shell 1 with an air selection chamber 11 therein, a feed inlet 13, a tobacco leaf outlet 19, and a tobacco stem outlet 18 thereon, a multi-stage air flow discrete air outlet is provided on the shell 1, a tobacco stem outlet 18 is provided with a tobacco stem discharge channel 10, and an air selection and leaf beating mechanism 8 is provided on the tobacco stem discharge channel 10;

[0025] The multi-stage airflow discrete air outlet includes at least two high-speed airflow inlets 14, 16, at least two low-speed airflow inlets 15, 17, and at least two air outlets 12, which are arranged in sequence, and the at least two high-speed airflow inlets 14, 16 and at least two low-speed airflow inlets 15, 17 are all located on the shell 1 below the feed inlet 13, and the at least two air outlets 12 are arranged on the top of the shell 1 opposite to the at least two high-speed airflow inlets 14, 16 and at least two low-speed airflow inlets 15, 17;

[0026] The air selection chamber 11 is provided with a conveying mechanism, which includes: a feed conveying mechanism 5 located below the feed port 13, a net conveying mechanism 7 located below the output end of the feed conveying mechanism 5, and a tobacco leaf conveying mechanism 9 located at the bottom of the air selection chamber 1, wherein:

[0027] A first high-speed airflow injection port 14 is provided on the wall of the housing 1 between the output end of the feed conveying mechanism 5 and the net conveying mechanism 7;

[0028] A second high-speed airflow inlet 16 is provided on the wall of the housing 1 between the output end of the net-type conveying mechanism 7 and the inlet of the tobacco stem discharge channel 10;

[0029] A first low-speed airflow injection port 15 is provided on the wall of the housing 1 at the bottom of the net-type conveying mechanism 7;

[0030] A second low-speed airflow inlet 17 is provided on the wall of the housing 1 above the tobacco stem discharge channel 10 and below the air separation and leaf beating mechanism 8;

[0031] The tobacco outlet 19 is located on the housing 1 below the output end of the tobacco conveying mechanism 9, and is provided with a conventional cross-gate dropper 191 for controlling the discharge of tobacco leaves;

[0032] The at least two air outlets 12 are each provided with a filtering mechanism, which includes a cylindrical screen 3 and a brush roller 2 matched with the cylindrical screen 3, so as to block the small tobacco leaves brought in by the wind on the outer wall of the cylindrical screen 3, and brush them down to the bottom of the air selection chamber 11 through the brush roller 2, and then discharge them through the tobacco conveying mechanism 9 and the tobacco outlet 19;

[0033] Among the at least two air outlets 12, one air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure fan 6 through the air duct 61, and the outlet end of the high-pressure fan 6 is respectively connected to the first and second high-speed airflow injection ports 14 and 16 through the air duct to form a high-pressure air circulation pipeline; the other air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the circulation fan 4 through the air duct 41, and the outlet end of the circulation fan 4 is respectively connected to the first and second low-speed airflow injection ports 15 and 17 through the air duct to form a low-pressure air circulation pipeline;

[0034] The air duct connected to the high-speed airflow inlet and the air duct connected to the low-speed airflow inlet are respectively provided with control valves for controlling the air speed and air volume;

[0035] The wind selection and leaf beating mechanism 8 comprises: a horizontal roller 81 arranged in the tobacco stem discharge channel 10, a plurality of movable knives 82 are distributed on the horizontal roller 81, the plurality of movable knives 82 are matched with fixed knives 83 arranged on the tobacco stem discharge channel 10 in turn, an arc-shaped screen 84 matched with the movable knives 82 on the horizontal roller 81 is arranged below the fixed knives 83, a slag discharge channel 85 is arranged below the arc-shaped screen 84 and outside the tobacco stem discharge channel 10, a slag receiving box 86 is arranged at the bottom of the slag discharge channel 85, and a slag receiving box 86 is arranged at the bottom of the tobacco stem discharge channel 10 below the horizontal roller 81 through a hinge 89. A longitudinal adjustment plate 87, the lower end of which is suspended in the tobacco stem discharge channel 10, and the longitudinal adjustment plate 87 is connected to an adjustment mechanism 88, which is a power cylinder, wherein a power cylinder seat is fixed to the outside of the tobacco stem discharge channel 10, and a power cylinder piston rod extends through corresponding through holes in the wall into the tobacco stem discharge channel 10 and is connected to the longitudinal adjustment plate 87, so that the longitudinal adjustment plate 87 is driven by the power cylinder to swing inward around the hinge shaft 89 to increase or decrease the volume of the tobacco stem discharge channel 10, so as to adjust the material dropping speed and amount, low-speed airflow speed, etc.

[0036] When working:

[0037] The threshed tobacco leaves and tobacco stem mixture is sent to the feed conveying mechanism 5 through the feed port 13, and is sent to the air selection chamber 11 through its output end. The high-speed airflow blown in through the first high-speed airflow injection port 14 causes the light tobacco leaves to float to the air selection chamber 11 with the wind, and the heavy tobacco stems fall to the net conveying mechanism 7 below under the action of their own gravity. The low-speed airflow injected through the first low-speed airflow injection port 15 at the bottom of the net conveying mechanism 7 causes the light tobacco leaves on the net conveying mechanism 7 to float to the air selection chamber 11 with the wind, and the mixture on the net conveying mechanism 7 is sent to the air selection chamber 11 at its output end. When entering the air selection chamber 11, the high-speed airflow blown in through the second high-speed airflow nozzle 16 causes the light tobacco leaves to float toward the air selection chamber 11 with the wind, and the heavy tobacco stems fall into the tobacco stem discharge channel 10 below under the action of their own gravity. After the residual tobacco leaves on the tobacco stems are torn off by the air selection leaf beating mechanism 8, the low-speed airflow blown in through the second low-speed airflow nozzle 17 below causes the torn light tobacco leaves to float toward the air selection chamber 11 with the wind, while the tobacco stems are discharged from the tobacco stem outlet 18, thereby completing the complete separation of tobacco leaves and tobacco stems, thereby reducing the tobacco leaf stem content.

Claims

1. A device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems, comprising a housing with an air selection chamber, a feed inlet, a tobacco leaf outlet, and a tobacco stem outlet, characterized in that The shell body is provided with multi-stage air flow discrete air outlets, the tobacco stem outlet is provided with a tobacco stem discharge channel, and the tobacco stem discharge channel is provided with an air selection and leaf beating mechanism.

2. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-stage airflow discrete air port includes at least two high-speed airflow jet ports, at least two low-speed airflow jet ports, and at least two air outlets which are arranged in sequence, and the at least two high-speed airflow jet ports and at least two low-speed airflow jet ports are all located on the shell below the feed port, and the air outlet is arranged on the top of the shell opposite to the air inlet.

3. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 1, characterized in that The air selection chamber is provided with a conveying mechanism, which includes: a feed conveying mechanism located below the feed inlet, a net conveying mechanism located below the output end of the feed conveying mechanism, and a tobacco leaf conveying mechanism located at the bottom of the air selection chamber, wherein: A first high-speed airflow injection port is provided on the shell wall between the output end of the feed conveying mechanism and the net-type conveying mechanism; A second high-speed airflow inlet is provided on the housing wall between the output end of the net-type conveying mechanism and the inlet of the tobacco stem channel; A first low-speed airflow injection port is provided on the shell wall at the bottom of the net-type conveying mechanism; A second low-speed airflow injection port is provided on the shell wall above the tobacco stem discharge channel and below the air selection and leaf beating mechanism.

4. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 1, characterized in that The tobacco leaf outlet is located on the shell below the output end of the tobacco leaf conveying mechanism, and is provided with a cross-door dropper.

5. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 2, characterized in that The at least two air outlets are both provided with a filtering mechanism, which comprises a cylindrical screen and a brush roller matched with the cylindrical screen.

6. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 2, characterized in that Among the at least two air outlets, one air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure fan through an air duct, and the outlet end of the high-pressure fan is connected to the high-speed airflow inlet through the air duct to form a high-pressure air circulation pipeline; the other air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the circulation fan through the air duct, and the outlet end of the circulation fan is connected to the low-speed airflow inlet through the air duct to form a low-pressure air circulation pipeline.

7. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 6, characterized in that The air duct connected to the high-speed air flow injection port and the air duct connected to the low-speed air flow injection port are respectively provided with control valves.

8. The device for efficiently separating tobacco leaves and tobacco stems according to claim 1, characterized in that The air selection and leaf beating mechanism includes: a horizontal roller arranged in the tobacco stem discharge channel, a plurality of movable knives distributed on the horizontal roller, the plurality of movable knives are alternately matched with fixed knives arranged on the tobacco stem discharge channel, an arc-shaped screen matched with the movable knives on the horizontal roller is arranged below the fixed knives, a slag discharge channel is provided below the arc-shaped screen and outside the tobacco stem discharge channel, a slag receiving box is provided at the bottom of the slag discharge channel, a longitudinal adjustment plate is hinged on the tobacco stem discharge channel below the horizontal roller through a hinge shaft, the lower end of the longitudinal adjustment plate is suspended in the tobacco stem discharge channel, and the longitudinal adjustment plate is connected to an adjustment mechanism, which is a power cylinder, wherein the power cylinder seat is fixed outside the tobacco stem discharge channel, and the power cylinder piston rod extends through the corresponding through hole in the wall to the tobacco stem discharge channel and is connected to the longitudinal adjustment plate.

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