Ultrathin leakage-proof absorption core

Abstract

An ultrathin leakage-proof absorption core comprises diffusion layers, absorption layers and a liquid guide layer, the absorption layers and the liquid guide layer are arranged between the two diffusion layers respectively, and the two absorption layers are arranged on the two opposite sides of the liquid guide layer respectively; the liquid guide layer is formed by sequentially combining a coarse denier fiber net, a flow guide layer and a filament fiber net from top to bottom; each absorption layer is formed by combining a plurality of layers of absorption core bodies, each absorption core body is formed by sequentially arranging and combining a plurality of absorption strips in a straight line, and at least one layer of absorption core body of the absorption layer is provided with a flow guide groove; after the two absorbing layers absorb the liquid, the upper absorbing layer penetrating through the two absorbing core bodies guides the liquid through the flow guide grooves, the liquid is kept to penetrate and flow into the liquid guide layer, the two absorbing core bodies in the lower absorbing layer are used for storing and diffusing the liquid, and the risk of side leakage is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an absorbent product technology, in particular to an ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core. Background Art

[0002] In the past, the composite core covering cloth was dust-free paper and spunlace cloth. After being compounded with various materials, the core tends to have a certain thickness. A core that is too thick will easily have a certain impact on the air permeability. In addition, the fluffy non-woven fabric in the middle of the composite core only fixes the polymer and has no diffusion effect. The core utilization rate is low, and the dryness and absorption speed after multiple absorption are poor.

[0003] Publication No. CN216136189U is a Chinese utility model patent, which discloses an ultra-thin diaper for infants and young children, including a first non-woven fabric layer, a guide layer is arranged at the bottom of the first non-woven fabric layer, a core is arranged at the bottom of the guide layer, and a leakproof layer is arranged at the bottom of the core. The utility model can provide a comfortable experience for infants and young children by arranging the guide layer and the first non-woven fabric layer, and at the same time, the guide layer can guide the water discharged by infants and young children to enter the core body. By arranging the core body, the water discharged by infants and young children can be fully absorbed, and at the same time, the decomposition of substances inside the water can be prevented, so as to prevent the infection of infants and young children, and solve the problem that some existing diapers are thicker, and after infants and young children use them, the comfort of infants and young children is low due to the thick diapers, and at the same time, some thicker diapers have poor air permeability, which is easy to cause bacterial infection, making infants and young children prone to "red buttocks" phenomenon, and cannot meet the needs of users well.

[0004] Combined with the above structure, the above structure is a diaper, and the technology adopts an absorbent core, and the outside of the absorbent core is covered with a non-woven fabric layer. Among them, combined with the previous use of non-woven fabrics on composite cores, traditional SSS spunbond non-woven fabrics as core covering fabrics have the disadvantages of poor liquid pulling ability, short diffusion, and slow multiple absorption speed, which can easily cause urine leakage, and the absorbent has a strong granular feel. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an absorbent core that improves the feel and absorption capacity of the composite core. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the technical defects existing in the background technology, the utility model proposes an ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core, which solves the above technical problems and meets the actual needs. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] An ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core comprises: a diffusion layer, an absorbent layer and a liquid conducting layer, characterized in that the absorbent layer and the liquid conducting layer are respectively arranged between two diffusion layers, and one absorbent layer is respectively arranged on opposite sides of the liquid conducting layer; the liquid conducting layer is composed of a coarse denier fiber net, a flow conducting layer, and a filament fiber net, which are sequentially combined from top to bottom; each of the absorbent layers is composed of a plurality of absorbent cores, and each of the absorbent cores is sequentially arranged and combined in a straight line, and at least one absorbent core of the absorbent layer is provided with a flow guide groove; the absorbent layer arranged on one side of the liquid conducting layer has a flow guide groove that runs longitudinally between the diffusion layer and the liquid conducting layer, and longitudinally penetrates the absorbent core in the absorbent layer; the absorbent layer arranged on the other side of the liquid conducting layer has a flow guide groove in the other absorbent layer that runs longitudinally between the liquid conducting layer and the plurality of absorbent strips in the absorbent layer.

[0007] The two diffusion layers are both made of polypropylene parallel bi-component spunbonded non-woven fabrics, and each diffusion layer has a grammage of 15-30 gsm.

[0008] Both of the two absorption layers are provided with a water-absorbing resin layer, and each of the absorption layers is penetrated by the absorption core composed of a plurality of absorption cores, and at least two layers of the absorption core are arranged on the inner side of each absorption layer, and each layer of the absorption core is stacked in sequence.

[0009] The two absorption cores of one of the two absorption layers are each provided with a corresponding guide groove, and one of the two absorption cores of the other absorption layer is provided with a guide groove, and an opening on one side of the guide groove is connected to the other absorption core; the gram weight of each absorption layer is 80-200gsm; the width of the guide groove opened in each absorption strip layer is 10-30mm.

[0010] The liquid-conducting layer is composed of a coarse-denier fiber net, a flow-conducting layer and a filament fiber net; the coarse-denier fiber net of the liquid-conducting layer is composed of a 6D-10D hydrophilic polyester fiber and a 4D-7D hydrophilic ES fiber, and the weight of the coarse-denier fiber net of the liquid-conducting layer is 10-25gsm; the flow-conducting layer of the liquid-conducting layer is a 2D mixed 4D 100% hydrophilic polyester fiber spunlace fabric, and the weight of the flow-conducting layer of the liquid-conducting layer is 30-50gsm;

[0011] The filament fiber web of the liquid-conducting layer has a grammage of 10-25 gsm; the coarse denier fiber web and the filament fiber web of the liquid-conducting layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the guide layer, and are fixedly attached to the guide layer by a hot air process.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] Compared with the fluffy cotton used in traditional composite cores, the practical liquid-conducting layer of the utility model is a three-layer arrangement, wherein the coarse denier fiber net arranged on the upper layer of the liquid-conducting layer is used for rapid liquid penetration, the middle liquid-conducting non-woven fabric diffuses quickly, and the long fibers on the lower layer further drive the diffusion, thereby maintaining the diffusion area after multiple liquid absorption and improving the dryness.

[0014] After absorbing the liquid, the two absorption layers of the utility model have an upper layer and the absorption layer that penetrates the two absorption cores guide the liquid through the guide grooves, and keep the liquid penetrating into the liquid guide layer, while the two absorption cores in the lower absorption layer are used to store and diffuse the liquid, effectively solving the risk of side leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of an ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core and a structural display diagram of the guide groove.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core.

[0018] Among them: a diffusion layer 1, an absorption layer 2, a liquid conducting layer 3 and an absorption core 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The implementation methods of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and relevant embodiments. The implementation methods of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and the present invention involves relevant necessary components in this technical field, which should be regarded as common knowledge in this technical field and can be known and mastered by technical personnel in this technical field.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an ultra-thin leakproof absorbent core comprises: a diffusion layer 1, an absorbent layer 2 and a liquid conducting layer 3, wherein the absorbent layer 2 and the liquid conducting layer 3 are respectively arranged between two diffusion layers 1, and an absorbent layer 2 is respectively arranged on opposite sides of the liquid conducting layer 3; the liquid conducting layer 3 is composed of a coarse denier fiber net, a flow conducting layer, and a filament fiber net in sequence from top to bottom; each of the absorbent layers 2 is composed of a plurality of absorbent cores 21, and each of the absorbent cores 21 is composed of a plurality of absorbent strips arranged in a straight line in sequence. The absorbent layer 2 is arranged in combination, and at least one absorbent core 21 is provided with a guide groove; the absorbent layer 2 arranged on one side of the liquid-conducting layer 3 has a guide groove longitudinally arranged between the diffusion layer 1 and the liquid-conducting layer 3, and longitudinally penetrates the absorbent core 21 in the absorbent layer 2; the absorbent layer 2 arranged on the other side of the liquid-conducting layer 3 has a guide groove in the other absorbent layer 2 longitudinally arranged between the liquid-conducting layer 3 and a plurality of absorbent strips 21 of the absorbent layer 2.

[0021] Compared with the fluffy cotton used in traditional composite cores, the practical liquid-conducting layer 3 of the utility model is a three-layer arrangement, wherein the coarse denier fiber mesh arranged on the upper layer of the liquid-conducting layer 3 is used for rapid liquid penetration, the middle liquid-conducting non-woven fabric diffuses quickly, and the long fibers on the lower layer further drive the diffusion, thereby maintaining the diffusion area after multiple liquid absorption and improving dryness.

[0022] After absorbing the liquid, the two absorption layers 2 of the utility model have an upper layer and the absorption layer 2 that penetrates the two layers of absorption core 21 guides the liquid through the guide groove, and keeps the liquid penetrating into the liquid guide layer 3, while the two layers of absorption core 21 in the lower absorption layer 2 are used to store and diffuse the liquid, effectively solving the risk of side leakage.

[0023] After adopting the above structure, it needs to be further explained that the utility model is a core body of an absorbent product, wherein the width of the utility model after assembly is 80mm-130mm.

[0024] Compared with the traditional core, the width of the utility model can fit the human body. Compared with the core used in the past, the distinguishing features are as follows:

[0025] 1. The thickness of the absorbent core 21 used in the present invention is thinner than that of the conventional core, and the combined absorbent core 21 does not exceed 2 mm;

[0026] 2. The overall width of the utility model is 80mm-130mm and is used for absorbent products of different specifications;

[0027] 3. The polymer absorbent core 21 with the guide groove has a significantly improved absorption effect, and the guide groove has diffusivity, which allows the water introduced into the guide groove to be distributed and spread in more areas of the polymer absorbent core 21 along the guidance of the guide groove;

[0028] For example, the polymer absorbent core 21 is provided with two guide grooves, and the introduced water is introduced into the absorbent layer 2 through the diffusion layer 1. In addition to absorbing the liquid at the surface of the absorbent layer 2, the water also flows into the two guide grooves, and the two guide grooves are connected to another layer of the absorbent core 21. Therefore, the guide grooves can guide the water to the next layer of the absorbent core 21, so that the two layers of the absorbent core 2 can absorb the water at the same time, thereby enhancing the absorption effect.

[0029] In addition, the side of the guide groove is also the absorbent core 21, so that when the guide groove guides water, the water can also be absorbed by the side of the guide groove (absorbent core 21).

[0030] An absorbent layer 2 of the utility model is closely attached to the body, and the guide groove in the absorbent layer 2 of the layer is arranged through the two layers of absorbent core 21, and the diffusion layer 1 arranged between the body and the absorbent layer 2 evenly diffuses the liquid into the absorbent layer 2, and guides the introduced liquid to the surrounding absorbent layer 2 through the guide groove, and can also allow the overflowing liquid in the guide groove to be introduced to the top of the liquid guide layer 3 through the penetrating guide groove.

[0031] The absorbent core 21 in the absorbent layer 2 is arranged to be layered and sprayed by external spraying equipment, and the thickness can be increased by spraying multiple layers of the absorbent core 21, and the increase of multiple layers of the core 21 makes its absorption volume larger, and the setting of the guide groove is to perform intermittent spraying to form the guide groove.

[0032] The absorption layer 2 arranged below absorbs the liquid introduced by the liquid-conducting layer 3, and one of the two absorption cores 21 of the absorption layer 2 is provided with a guide groove, which diverts and guides the liquid led out by the liquid-conducting layer 2. The overflowing liquid in the upper absorption layer 2 is guided and absorbed by the lower absorption layer 2. Under the lower absorption core 21 with the guide groove is an absorption core 21 without a groove, which is used to wrap the liquid that penetrates into the lower absorption layer 2 to prevent leakage.

[0033] The upper and lower absorption layers 2 can be sprayed with different numbers of absorption cores 21 as needed, wherein the guide groove of the absorption layer 2 on the side close to the human body faces the diffusion layer 1, and the liquid introduced through the diffusion layer 1 is directed into each guide groove, and each guide groove spreads the liquid to the absorption core 21, so that the liquid is more evenly distributed in the absorption core 21, and avoids being concentrated in one place of the absorption core, resulting in the absorption core 21 not being able to fully absorb, and other areas of the absorption core 21 not being able to absorb in time, resulting in liquid overflowing.

[0034] The two diffusion layers 1 are both made of polypropylene parallel bi-component spunbonded non-woven fabrics, and each diffusion layer 1 has a gram weight of 15-30 gsm.

[0035] After adopting the above structure, it needs to be further explained that the polypropylene parallel bi-component spunbonded non-woven fabrics used in the two diffusion layers 1 are of SSS structure.

[0036] The polypropylene side-by-side bicomponent spunbond nonwoven fabric structure used in previous absorbent products is SMS nonwoven fabric;

[0037] Compared with the SMS non-woven fabric used in the past, the SSS non-woven fabric used in this utility model has the following differences:

[0038] 1. SSS nonwoven fabric is a material composed of three layers of spunbond nonwoven fabric, while SMS nonwoven fabric is composed of three layers of different materials, that is, two layers of spunbond nonwoven fabric (S) sandwiched with a layer of melt-bonded nonwoven fabric (M);

[0039] 2. SSS non-woven fabrics are moisture-proof, breathable, flexible, lightweight, non-combustible, and easy to decompose, while SMS non-woven fabrics have higher strength, good filtering performance, do not contain adhesives, and are non-toxic;

[0040] 3. SMS nonwoven fabrics provide better isolation, filtration and protection performance due to their special structure, while SSS nonwoven fabrics are more commonly used in applications that do not require high-intensity filtration or protection.

[0041] Among them, the advantages of SSS non-woven fabrics are:

[0042] 1. SSS nonwoven fabric is made of three layers of fiber web hot rolled, so it has higher strength and elongation, making it more stable;

[0043] 2. SSS non-woven fabric has good hydrophilic effect, is easy to absorb water, and feels soft and comfortable;

[0044] Taking the above characteristics into consideration, the SSS nonwoven fabric structure adopted by each diffusion layer 1 is the best choice when applied to absorbent products.

[0045] Both of the two absorption layers 2 are provided with a water-absorbent resin layer, and a plurality of absorption cores 21 are penetrated through the water-absorbent resin layer in each of the absorption layers 2. At least two absorption cores 21 are arranged on the inner side of each absorption layer 2, and each absorption core 21 is stacked in sequence in upper and lower layers.

[0046] The water-absorbent resin layer used in each absorption layer 2 is a polymer material, which has a high water absorption function of absorbing water hundreds to thousands times heavier than its own weight, and has excellent water retention performance. Therefore, it is the best choice. The water-absorbent resin is used to assist the absorption of the absorption core 21, and the absorbent resin material is relatively soft. Therefore, when the pad is placed on the human body, it can avoid crushing or bumps caused by the material being too hard.

[0047] Each absorbent core 21 is inserted into the water-absorbing resin layer, and the absorbent core 21 is made of a material with strong water absorption and water-locking properties, including the following examples:

[0048] Example 1: A wood pulp core is used. The wood pulp core has good water absorption and is formed by mixing wood pulp and high molecular water-absorbing resin. It is widely used in diaper products. However, the wood pulp core is prone to lumping and faulting.

[0049] Example 2: The glue core is set up, and a large amount of polymer is contained in it to ensure the absorption capacity of the diaper. After absorbing water, the whole body expands. Due to the existence of glue, it will be flat and not clump. After absorbing liquid, it can still maintain its original shape, but the whole body expands after absorbing water, so its air permeability after absorbing water is poor. Excessive heat and humidity will make the baby's butt uncomfortable;

[0050] Therefore, the absorbent core 21 of the present invention is manufactured by spraying, and the guide grooves opened between the absorbent cores 21 can provide a breathable effect. Therefore, the absorbent core 21 used in the present invention is a glue core setting.

[0051] After adopting the above structure, it needs to be further explained that a water-absorbent resin layer is filled between the absorption layer 2 and the absorption core 21, and the water-absorbent resin filled in the absorption layer 2 can provide auxiliary absorption for the absorption core 21, so as to avoid the absorption core 21 failing to absorb the liquid in time or overflowing and failing to guide the liquid to the lower absorption layer 2 through the liquid guide layer 3 in time. The water-absorbent resin layer can provide absorption for the liquid to avoid the liquid overflowing and leaking.

[0052] The two layers of absorbent core 21 in the upper absorbent layer 2 are stacked on top of the liquid conducting layer 3, and the upper layer is connected to the body. Therefore, the two layers of absorbent core 21 in the upper absorbent layer 2 are provided with two layers of through guide grooves for guiding the flow direction of the liquid, and also for guiding the liquid to contact the liquid conducting layer 3.

[0053] The two layers of absorbent cores 21 in the lower absorbent layer 2 have one layer with a guide groove that is in close contact with one side of the liquid guiding layer 3 and is used to guide the liquid seeping out of the liquid guiding layer 3, while the other absorbent core 21 disposed below the absorbent core 21 does not have a guide groove and can be used to wrap and absorb the seeping liquid to prevent it from overflowing into the diffusion layer 1 below.

[0054] The two absorption cores 21 of one of the two absorption layers 2 are each provided with a corresponding guide groove, and one of the two absorption cores 21 of the other absorption layer 2 is provided with a guide groove, and an opening on one side of the guide groove is connected to the other absorption core 21; the gram weight of each absorption layer 2 is 80-200gsm; the width of the guide groove provided in each absorption strip layer 21 is 10-30mm.

[0055] The gram weight range of the absorption layer 2 of the utility model is 80-200gsm, wherein the structure is relatively simple, and the material used inside is relatively light, so the weight generated when placed on the human body is not large.

[0056] After adopting the above structure, it needs to be further explained that the guide groove is used to provide liquid diversion, and during the diversion process, the liquid is also absorbed by the absorption core 21 at the edge until the upper absorption layer 2 is full and then penetrates into the lower absorption layer 2 through the lower liquid guide layer 3.

[0057] When the width of the guide groove is less than 10 mm, water may not flow into the guide groove, and the water may not be diverted to the surrounding of the absorption layer 2 through the diversion of the guide groove, thereby causing water to overflow.

[0058] When the width of the guide groove is greater than 30 mm, it is easy to be squeezed by the outside world, and the contact surface of the edge of the guide groove is too large, resulting in compression deformation, which reduces the diversion effect of the guide groove. When the width of the guide groove is large, it is easy to cause the water flow to not flow in the direction as much as possible, causing it to be crowded in one area and unable to better guide the water flow to other areas of the absorption layer 2. The large width of the guide groove is also easy to cause the surface of the diffusion layer 1 to become uneven, thereby causing isolation to the body that fits it.

[0059] The liquid guiding layer 3 is composed of a coarse denier fiber web, a guide layer and a filament fiber web; the coarse denier fiber web of the liquid guiding layer 3 is composed of a combination of 6D-10D hydrophilic polyester fiber and 4D-7D hydrophilic ES fiber, and the gram weight of the coarse denier fiber web of the liquid guiding layer 3 is 10-25gsm; the guide layer of the liquid guiding layer 3 is a 2D mixed 4D 100% hydrophilic polyester fiber spunlace fabric, and the gram weight of the guide layer of the liquid guiding layer 3 is 30-50gsm; the filament fiber web of the liquid guiding layer 3 has a gram weight of 10-25gsm; the coarse denier fiber web and the filament fiber web of the liquid guiding layer 3 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the guide layer, and are fixed to the guide layer by a hot air process.

[0060] Coarse denier fiber mesh is a special fiber structure used to increase the surface area and stability of the fiber; during the production process, the spun fiber line needs to go through a series of steps to form a mesh structure.

[0061] The guide layer is a surface layer composed of multiple groups of composite wires, and the multiple groups of composite wires form countless criss-cross guide channels for liquid penetration. When liquid enters the composite wire layer, it can quickly diffuse into the criss-cross guide channels, and evenly guide the absorbed liquid to the bottom of the guide structure; in addition, since the guide structure in the utility model is not an absorbent core, it is not filled with absorbent material, and the softness of the composite wire is retained. After the guide structure is subjected to local pressure, the liquid in the pressurized area preferentially flows to other non-pressurized areas of the guide channel, thereby effectively preventing back osmosis and improving wearing comfort.

[0062] Filament fiber mesh is a mesh structure woven from long continuous fibers. It has many excellent properties, such as high strength, softness and good air permeability. Its fibers can be made of natural materials such as silk, wool, flax, etc., or synthetic materials such as polyester, nylon, polypropylene, etc.

[0063] After adopting the above structure, it needs to be further explained that the upper coarse denier fibers quickly permeate liquid, the middle liquid-conducting non-woven fabric quickly diffuses, and the lower long fibers further drive the diffusion, maintaining the diffusion area after multiple liquid absorption and improving dryness.

[0064] The hot air process adopted by the utility model is to blow the heat emitted by the heating device through an external blowing device, and the hot air blown by the blowing device is directed to the outside of the liquid guide layer 3, and the hot air with heat performs heat-melting treatment on the coarse denier fiber web, the guide layer and the filament fiber web. After the coarse denier fiber web, the guide layer and the filament fiber web are heat-melted, they are bonded together by their mutual adhesion, and after bonding, they are further compacted by external pressing equipment.

[0065] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core, comprising: The diffusion layer, the absorption layer and the liquid conducting layer are characterized in that the absorption layer and the liquid conducting layer are respectively arranged between two diffusion layers, and one absorption layer is respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the liquid conducting layer; The liquid guide layer is composed of a coarse denier fiber web, a guide layer, and a filament fiber web in order from top to bottom; Each of the absorption layers is composed of a plurality of absorption cores, each of the absorption cores is composed of a plurality of absorption strips arranged in a straight line, and at least one layer of the absorption core of the absorption layer is provided with a guide groove; The absorption layer is arranged on one side of the liquid-conducting layer, and the guide groove of the absorption layer is arranged longitudinally between the diffusion layer and the liquid-conducting layer, and longitudinally penetrates the absorption core in the absorption layer; The absorption layer is arranged on the other side of the liquid-conducting layer, and the guide groove in the other absorption layer is arranged longitudinally between the liquid-conducting layer and the plurality of absorption strips of the absorption layer.

2. The ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two diffusion layers are both made of polypropylene parallel bi-component spunbonded non-woven fabrics, and each diffusion layer has a grammage of 15-30 gsm.

3. The ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the two absorption layers are provided with a water-absorbing resin layer, and each of the absorption layers is penetrated by the absorption core composed of a plurality of absorption cores, and at least two layers of the absorption core are arranged on the inner side of each absorption layer, and each layer of the absorption core is stacked in sequence.

4. The ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two absorbent cores of one of the two absorbent layers are each provided with a corresponding guide groove, and one of the two absorbent cores of the other absorbent layer is provided with a guide groove, and an opening on one side of the guide groove is connected to the other absorbent core; The gram weight of each absorption layer is 80-200gsm; the width of the guide groove opened in each absorption strip layer is 10-30mm.

5. The ultra-thin leak-proof absorbent core according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-conducting layer is composed of a coarse-denier fiber web, a flow-conducting layer and a filament fiber web; The coarse denier fiber web of the liquid-conducting layer is composed of 6D-10D hydrophilic polyester fiber and 4D-7D hydrophilic ES fiber, and the gram weight of the coarse denier fiber web of the liquid-conducting layer is 10-25gsm; The guide layer of the liquid guide layer is a 100% hydrophilic polyester fiber spunlace fabric mixed with 2D and 4D, and the weight of the guide layer of the liquid guide layer is 30-50gsm; The filament fiber web of the liquid-conducting layer has a gram weight of 10-25 gsm; The coarse-denier fiber web and the filament fiber web of the liquid-guiding layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the liquid-guiding layer, and are fixedly attached to the liquid-guiding layer by a hot-air process.

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