Paper deviation prevention positioning device of digital printing machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of digital printing machines, and discloses a digital printing machine paper anti-deviation positioning device which comprises a machine body, a printing mechanism is fixedly installed in the machine body, and a placing plate is fixedly installed on the left side of the machine body. When the first motor rotates, the two sets of positioning plates position paper, when the first motor rotates reversely, the height of the deviation preventing roller changes, the paper is fixed, compared with a traditional device, deviation preventing and positioning can be conducted on the paper by controlling the first motor to rotate forwards and reversely, and when the first motor rotates forwards, the positioning mechanism can be adjusted, so that the paper is positioned more accurately. When the first motor rotates reversely, the anti-deviation mechanism can be adjusted, the adjusting difficulty can be greatly reduced through the method, convenience and rapidness are achieved, the positioning state of paper can be checked through the containing plate, the positioning accuracy is effectively improved, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of digital printing machines, and more specifically to a paper anti-deviation positioning device of a digital printing machine. Background Art

[0002] A digital printing press is a device that outputs electronic files directly to a printing press for printing. Its greatest advantage is that it enables interaction between operators and users, as well as the exchange and modification of graphic information. According to the requirements of different users, the color, gradation, level and other details of the image can be modified in the prepress processing system until the user's personalized needs are met.

[0003] When a digital printing press is printing, any slight deviation may cause inaccurate positioning of images and texts, affecting the final printing effect, especially in the process of high-speed printing. Therefore, a paper anti-deviation positioning device is needed to ensure the stability and accuracy of paper transportation. At present, most papers are suitable for printing presses, but when facing different styles of paper, it is usually necessary to repeatedly debug its anti-deviation positioning device before printing. During debugging, it is difficult to observe the adjustment results with the naked eye, resulting in paper deviation. The machine body needs to be opened to adjust the limit device, which is not only difficult to adjust, but also inconvenient to observe, which delays printing time. Therefore, it needs to be improved and optimized. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a paper deflection prevention positioning device for a digital printing press, which has the advantages of convenient adjustment and easy viewing.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing machine, comprising a machine body, a printing mechanism is fixedly installed inside the machine body, a placement plate is fixedly installed on the left side of the machine body, and a discharge plate is fixedly installed on the right side of the machine body;

[0006] A positioning mechanism, movably arranged inside the placement plate;

[0007] The anti-deviating mechanism is movably arranged inside the placement plate and located behind the positioning mechanism;

[0008] The control mechanism is fixedly installed inside the machine body and located on both sides of the placement plate;

[0009] Among them, there are two groups of control mechanisms, including a control compartment fixedly opened inside the machine body and located on the front and rear sides of the placement plate, a fixed plate is fixedly installed inside the control compartment, the fixed plate and the placement plate are fixedly connected, a gear ring 1 is rotatably installed on one side of the fixed plate, a brake block 1 is rotatably installed on the upper and lower ends of the gear ring 1, and the two groups of brake blocks 1 and gear ring 1 are elastically connected by a spring 1, the brake block 1 and ratchet 1 are in conflict with each other, the ratchet 1 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the placement plate, and the ratchet 1 is fixedly connected to the positioning mechanism.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, a feeding roller is rotatably installed inside the machine body, and the feeding roller is located on the right side of the placement plate;

[0011] The leveling mechanism is fixedly installed on both sides of the feeding roller;

[0012] Among them, the leveling mechanism includes a guide rod fixedly installed on both sides of the feed roller, and the outer wall of the guide rod is movably sleeved with two groups of movable blocks. The two groups of movable blocks are rotatably connected to the sponge pressure roller, and the two groups of movable blocks are elastically connected to the inner wall of the machine body through spring three.

[0013] As an optimal technical solution of the utility model, the positioning mechanism includes a reciprocating screw rod rotatably installed inside a placement plate, the front and rear sides of the reciprocating screw rod are threadedly sleeved with a positioning plate, the two sides of the reciprocating screw rod penetrate into a fixed plate and are fixedly connected to a ratchet wheel.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the anti-deviation includes a limit groove fixedly opened inside two groups of fixed plates. There are two groups of limit grooves, and two reciprocating screws are rotatably installed inside. The two reciprocating screws are threadedly connected to the moving block, and the two groups of moving blocks are rotatably connected to the anti-deviation rollers.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the control mechanism also includes a gear ring 2 rotatably installed on one side of the fixed plate, a brake block 2 is rotatably installed inside the gear ring 2, there are two groups of brake blocks 2, and the two groups of brake blocks 2 and gear ring 2 are elastically connected by springs 2, the brake block 2 and ratchet 2 are in conflict with each other, and the gear ring 2 and gear ring 1 are connected by a transmission belt.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the bottom of the reciprocating screw rod 2 is fixedly connected to gear 1, the gear 1 and gear 2 are meshed with each other, and one end of the gear 2 is fixedly connected to ratchet 2.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, it also includes a driving mechanism fixedly installed inside the control compartment;

[0018] The driving mechanism includes a motor 1 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the control chamber, the output shaft of the motor 1 is fixedly connected to a driving wheel, the driving wheel is rotatably mounted on one side of a fixed plate, and the driving wheel and a gear ring 1 are meshed with each other.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. The utility model drives the driving wheel to rotate through the driving of motor 1, and drives the gear ring 1 and the gear ring 2 to rotate through the transmission belt. When the motor 1 rotates, the gear ring 1 drives the ratchet wheel 1 to rotate through the brake block 1, and further enables the two sets of positioning plates to position the paper. When the motor 1 reverses, the gear ring 2 drives the ratchet wheel 2 to rotate through the brake block 2, and further changes the height of the anti-deviation roller to fix the paper. Compared with the traditional device, the device can prevent the paper from deviating by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 1. The positioning mechanism can be adjusted when the motor 1 rotates forward, and the anti-deviation mechanism can be adjusted when the motor 1 reverses. This method can greatly reduce the difficulty of adjustment, which is convenient and quick. In addition, the positioning state of the paper can be checked by placing the plate, which effectively improves the accuracy of positioning and improves work efficiency.

[0021] 2. The utility model uses the elastic potential energy provided by spring three so that when the feed roller transports the paper, the sponge pressure roller will squeeze the paper to make it flat. Compared with the traditional device, the device sets a flattening mechanism so that the sponge pressure roller can squeeze the paper to a flat state and clean the printing surface of the paper at the same time to prevent dust residue, thereby effectively improving the printing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge plate of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-deviation roller structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the placement plate of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the reciprocating screw rod of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive wheel structure of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission belt structure of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure roller of the utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 1. machine body; 2. printing mechanism; 3. placement plate; 4. discharge plate; 5. reciprocating screw rod 1; 6. positioning plate; 7. control chamber; 8. fixed plate; 9. limit groove; 10. reciprocating screw rod 2; 11. moving block; 12. anti-bias roller; 13. gear 1; 14. gear 2; 15. motor 1; 16. driving wheel; 17. gear ring 1; 18. ratchet 1; 19. brake block 1; 20. spring 1; 21. gear ring 2; 22. transmission belt; 23. ratchet 2; 24. brake block 2; 25. spring 2; 26. feed roller; 27. motor 2; 28. movable block; 29. ​​guide rod; 30. sponge pressure roller; 31. spring 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the utility model provides a paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing machine, comprising a machine body 1, a printing mechanism 2 is fixedly installed inside the machine body 1, a placement plate 3 is fixedly installed on the left side of the machine body 1, and a discharge plate 4 is fixedly installed on the right side of the machine body 1;

[0033] A positioning mechanism, movably arranged inside the placement plate 3;

[0034] The anti-deviating mechanism is movably arranged inside the placing plate 3 and located behind the positioning mechanism;

[0035] The control mechanism is fixedly installed inside the body 1 and located on both sides of the placement plate 3;

[0036] Among them, there are two groups of control mechanisms, including a control compartment 7 fixedly opened inside the body 1 and located on the front and rear sides of the placement plate 3. A fixed plate 8 is fixedly installed inside the control compartment 7. The fixed plate 8 and the placement plate 3 are fixedly connected. A gear ring 17 is rotatably installed on one side of the fixed plate 8. Brake blocks 19 are rotatably installed on the upper and lower ends of the gear ring 17. The two groups of brake blocks 19 and the gear ring 17 are elastically connected by a spring 20. The brake blocks 19 and the ratchet 18 are in conflict with each other. The ratchet 18 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the placement plate 3, and the ratchet 18 is fixedly connected to the positioning mechanism.

[0037] When printing is required, the staff first places the paper on the top of the placement plate 3, and can position and prevent the paper from deflection according to the size of the paper. First, the staff starts the motor 15, so that the output shaft of the motor 15 drives the driving wheel 16 to rotate. At this time, the driving wheel 16 drives the gear ring 17 to rotate, and due to the elastic potential energy of the spring 20, the brake block 19 and the ratchet 18 conflict with each other and mesh with each other, so that the gear ring 17 drives the ratchet 18 to rotate through the brake block 19, and the rotation of the ratchet 18 drives the reciprocating screw rod 5 to rotate, and further The two sets of positioning plates 6 are used to limit the paper, and at the same time, the rotation of the gear ring 17 is driven by the transmission belt 22 to rotate the gear ring 21. However, due to the characteristics of the ratchet 23, the brake block 24 will be disengaged from the ratchet 23 when the gear ring 21 rotates. At this time, the ratchet 23 will not rotate. When the paper spacing adjustment is completed, the staff drives the driving wheel 16 to reverse. At this time, the driving wheel 16 drives the gear ring 17 to reverse. The rotation of the gear ring 17 drives the gear ring 21 to rotate through the transmission belt 22. At this time, the brake block 24 is driven by the spring 25. The ratchet wheel 23 contacts and meshes with each other, the ratchet wheel 23 starts to rotate, and drives the gear 2 14 to rotate, the gear 2 14 and the gear 1 13 mesh with each other, so that the reciprocating screw rod 2 10 starts to rotate, and further drives the moving block 11 threadedly connected with it to move, and adjusts the fixed height of the anti-skew roller 12 to adapt to thicker jammed paper. When the ratchet wheel 23 rotates, the ratchet wheel 18 will be disengaged from the brake block 19 due to its own characteristics. At this time, the ratchet wheel 18 does not rotate, and the staff can control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 15 to move the paper. Anti-bias positioning is performed, and the fixed state of the paper can be checked and calibrated by placing the plate 3. Finally, the staff starts the motor 27 to rotate the feed roller 26 to start transporting the paper. When the paper passes between the feed roller 26 and the sponge pressure roller 30, the sponge pressure roller 30 will be lifted upward, and the two sets of movable blocks 28 will move upward along the guide rod 29 to squeeze the spring three 31, and the elastic potential energy provided by the spring three 31 will squeeze the paper to make it flat. After the flat paper is printed by the printing mechanism 2, it can be collected by the discharge plate 4.

[0038] The driving wheel 16 is driven by the motor 15 to rotate, and the gear ring 17 and the gear ring 21 are rotated by the transmission belt 22. When the motor 15 rotates, the gear ring 17 drives the ratchet 18 to rotate through the brake block 19, and further enables the two sets of positioning plates 6 to position the paper. When the motor 15 reverses, the gear ring 21 drives the ratchet 23 to rotate through the brake block 24, and further causes the height of the anti-deviation roller 12 to change, thereby fixing the paper. Compared with the traditional device, the device can prevent the paper from deviating by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 15. The positioning mechanism can be adjusted when the motor 15 rotates forward, and the anti-deviation mechanism can be adjusted when the motor 15 reverses. This method can greatly reduce the difficulty of adjustment, which is convenient and quick. In addition, the positioning state of the paper can be checked by the placement plate 3, which effectively improves the accuracy of positioning and improves work efficiency.

[0039] A feeding roller 26 is rotatably installed inside the machine body 1, and the feeding roller 26 is located on the right side of the placement plate 3;

[0040] The leveling mechanism is fixedly mounted on both sides of the feeding roller 26;

[0041] Among them, the leveling mechanism includes a guide rod 29 fixedly installed on both sides of the feed roller 26, and the outer wall of the guide rod 29 is movably sleeved with two groups of movable blocks 28. The two groups of movable blocks 28 are rotatably connected to the sponge pressure roller 30, and the two groups of movable blocks 28 are elastically connected to the inner wall of the body 1 through a spring three 31.

[0042] The staff starts the motor 27 to rotate the feed roller 26 to start transporting the paper. When the paper passes between the feed roller 26 and the sponge pressure roller 30, the sponge pressure roller 30 will be lifted upward, and the two sets of movable blocks 28 will move upward along the guide rod 29 to press the spring three 31. The elastic potential energy provided by the spring three 31 will squeeze the paper to make it flat. After the flat paper is printed by the printing mechanism 2, it can be collected by the discharge plate 4.

[0043] Through the elastic potential energy provided by spring three 31, when the feed roller 26 transports the paper, the sponge pressure roller 30 will squeeze the paper to make the paper flat. Compared with the traditional device, this device can make the sponge pressure roller 30 squeeze the paper to a flat state through the setting of the flattening mechanism, and at the same time can clean the printing surface of the paper to prevent dust residue, thereby effectively improving the printing quality.

[0044] Among them, the positioning mechanism includes a reciprocating screw rod 5 rotatably installed inside the placement plate 3, and the front and rear sides of the reciprocating screw rod 5 are threadedly sleeved with a positioning plate 6. The two sides of the reciprocating screw rod 5 pass through the fixed plate 8 and are fixedly connected to the ratchet wheel 18.

[0045] The rotation of the ratchet wheel 18 drives the reciprocating screw rod 5 to rotate, further causing the two sets of positioning plates 6 to limit the position of the paper.

[0046] Among them, the anti-deviation includes a limit groove 9 fixedly opened inside the two groups of fixed plates 8. There are two groups of limit grooves 9, and a reciprocating screw rod 10 is rotatably installed inside. The reciprocating screw rod 10 and the moving block 11 are threadedly connected, and the two groups of moving blocks 11 are rotatably connected with the anti-deviation roller 12.

[0047] Among them, the control mechanism also includes a gear ring 21 rotatably installed on one side of the fixed plate 8, and a brake block 24 is rotatably installed inside the gear ring 21. There are two groups of brake blocks 24, and the two groups of brake blocks 24 and the gear ring 21 are elastically connected by springs 25. The brake blocks 24 and the ratchet 23 are in conflict with each other, and the gear ring 21 and the gear ring 17 are connected by a transmission belt 22.

[0048] The staff drives the driving wheel 16 to reverse, and the driving wheel 16 drives the gear ring 1 17 to reverse. The rotation of the gear ring 1 17 drives the gear ring 2 21 to rotate through the transmission belt 22. At this time, the brake block 2 24 contacts and meshes with the ratchet 2 23 through the spring 2 25, and the ratchet 2 23 starts to rotate and drives the gear 2 14 to rotate.

[0049] Among them, the bottom of the reciprocating screw rod 10 is fixedly connected to the gear 13, the gear 13 and the gear 2 14 are meshed with each other, and one end of the gear 2 14 is fixedly connected to the ratchet 2 23.

[0050] When gear 2 14 rotates, gear 2 14 and gear 1 13 mesh with each other, causing reciprocating screw 2 10 to start rotating, further driving the moving block 11 threadedly connected thereto to move, and adjusting the fixed height of the anti-deflection roller 12 to accommodate thicker cardboard.

[0051] Among them, it also includes a driving mechanism fixedly installed inside the control compartment 7;

[0052] The driving mechanism includes a motor 15 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the control compartment 7, the output shaft of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to a driving wheel 16, the driving wheel 16 is rotatably mounted on one side of the fixed plate 8, and the driving wheel 16 and the gear ring 17 are meshed with each other.

[0053] Power is provided, and the paper is positioned by the forward and reverse rotation of the driving wheel 16 .

[0054] The working principle and use process of this utility model:

[0055] When printing is required, the staff first places the paper on the top of the placement plate 3, and can position and prevent the paper from deflection according to the size of the paper. First, the staff starts the motor 15, so that the output shaft of the motor 15 drives the driving wheel 16 to rotate. At this time, the driving wheel 16 drives the gear ring 17 to rotate, and due to the elastic potential energy of the spring 20, the brake block 19 and the ratchet 18 conflict with each other and mesh with each other, so that the gear ring 17 drives the ratchet 18 to rotate through the brake block 19, and the rotation of the ratchet 18 drives the reciprocating screw rod 5 to rotate, and further The two sets of positioning plates 6 are used to limit the paper, and at the same time, the rotation of the gear ring 17 is driven by the transmission belt 22 to rotate the gear ring 21. However, due to the characteristics of the ratchet 23, the brake block 24 will be disengaged from the ratchet 23 when the gear ring 21 rotates. At this time, the ratchet 23 will not rotate. When the paper spacing adjustment is completed, the staff drives the driving wheel 16 to reverse. At this time, the driving wheel 16 drives the gear ring 17 to reverse. The rotation of the gear ring 17 drives the gear ring 21 to rotate through the transmission belt 22. At this time, the brake block 24 is driven by the spring 25. The ratchet wheel 23 contacts and meshes with each other, the ratchet wheel 23 starts to rotate, and drives the gear 2 14 to rotate, the gear 2 14 and the gear 1 13 mesh with each other, so that the reciprocating screw rod 2 10 starts to rotate, and further drives the moving block 11 threadedly connected with it to move, and adjusts the fixed height of the anti-skew roller 12 to adapt to thicker jammed paper. When the ratchet wheel 23 rotates, the ratchet wheel 18 will be disengaged from the brake block 19 due to its own characteristics. At this time, the ratchet wheel 18 does not rotate, and the staff can control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 15 to move the paper. Anti-bias positioning is performed, and the fixed state of the paper can be checked and calibrated by placing the plate 3. Finally, the staff starts the motor 27 to rotate the feed roller 26 to start transporting the paper. When the paper passes between the feed roller 26 and the sponge pressure roller 30, the sponge pressure roller 30 will be lifted upward, and the two sets of movable blocks 28 will move upward along the guide rod 29 to squeeze the spring three 31, and the elastic potential energy provided by the spring three 31 will squeeze the paper to make it flat. After the flat paper is printed by the printing mechanism 2, it can be collected by the discharge plate 4.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press, comprising a body (1), characterized in that: A printing mechanism (2) is fixedly installed inside the machine body (1), a placement plate (3) is fixedly installed on the left side of the machine body (1), and a discharge plate (4) is fixedly installed on the right side of the machine body (1); A positioning mechanism, movably arranged inside the placement plate (3); An anti-deviating mechanism is movably arranged inside the placement plate (3) and located behind the positioning mechanism; A control mechanism is fixedly mounted inside the machine body (1) and is located on both sides of the placement plate (3); There are two groups of control mechanisms, including a control chamber (7) fixedly opened inside the machine body (1) and located on the front and rear sides of the placement plate (3); a fixed plate (8) is fixedly installed inside the control chamber (7); the fixed plate (8) and the placement plate (3) are fixedly connected; a gear ring (17) is rotatably installed on one side of the fixed plate (8); brake blocks (19) are rotatably installed on the upper and lower ends of the gear ring (17); and the two groups of brake blocks (19) and the gear ring (17) are elastically connected by springs (20); the brake blocks (19) and ratchet (18) are in contact with each other; the ratchet (18) is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the placement plate (3); and the ratchet (18) is fixedly connected to the positioning mechanism.

2. The paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding roller (26) is rotatably mounted inside the machine body (1), and the feeding roller (26) is located on the right side of the placement plate (3); A leveling mechanism is fixedly mounted on both sides of the feeding roller (26); The leveling mechanism comprises a guide rod (29) fixedly mounted on both sides of a feed roller (26); the outer wall of the guide rod (29) is movably sleeved with two groups of movable blocks (28); the two groups of movable blocks (28) are rotatably connected to a sponge pressure roller (30); and the two groups of movable blocks (28) are elastically connected to the inner wall of the machine body (1) via a spring three (31).

3. The paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism comprises a reciprocating screw rod (5) rotatably mounted inside a placement plate (3), the front and rear sides of the reciprocating screw rod (5) being threadedly sleeved with a positioning plate (6), the two sides of the reciprocating screw rod (5) passing through a fixed plate (8) and being fixedly connected to a ratchet wheel (18).

4. The paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-deviation comprises a limiting groove (9) fixedly opened inside two groups of fixed plates (8), and there are two groups of limiting grooves (9), inside which two reciprocating screws (10) are rotatably installed, and the two reciprocating screws (10) and the moving blocks (11) are threadedly sleeved, and the two groups of the moving blocks (11) and the anti-deviation rollers (12) are rotatably connected.

5. The paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control mechanism also includes a second gear ring (21) rotatably mounted on one side of the fixed plate (8), a second brake block (24) rotatably mounted inside the second gear ring (21), two groups of the second brake blocks (24) are provided, and the two groups of the second brake blocks (24) and the second gear ring (21) are elastically connected by a second spring (25), the second brake block (24) and the second ratchet (23) are in contact with each other, and the second gear ring (21) and the first gear ring (17) are connected by a transmission belt (22).

6. The paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the reciprocating screw rod 2 (10) is fixedly connected to the gear 1 (13), the gear 1 (13) and the gear 2 (14) are meshed with each other, and one end of the gear 2 (14) is fixedly connected to the ratchet wheel 2 (23).

7. The paper deflection prevention and positioning device for a digital printing press according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism fixedly installed inside the control compartment (7); The driving mechanism comprises a motor 1 (15) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the control chamber (7), the output shaft of the motor 1 (15) being fixedly connected to a driving wheel (16), the driving wheel (16) being rotatably mounted on one side of a fixed plate (8), and the driving wheel (16) and a gear ring 1 (17) being meshed with each other.

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