Elevator buffering device

Abstract

The utility model provides an elevator buffering device which is characterized in that a pressure cylinder is arranged on a base plate, a first space for containing hydraulic oil is formed in the pressure cylinder, one end of a plunger barrel is arranged in the first space and can move in the height direction of the pressure cylinder, a second space communicating with the first space is formed in the plunger barrel, and a buffering plate is detachably connected to the side, away from the base plate, of the plunger barrel; the buffer plate is at least used for buffering the falling elevator car, the blocking structure comprises at least one second opening and blocking elements with the same number as the second openings, the blocking structure has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the blocking elements block the second openings, the first space is separated from the outside atmosphere, and in the second state, the blocking elements block the second openings. According to the pressure cylinder, hydraulic oil rapidly flows into the pressure cylinder, gas is exhausted in time, the problem that the gas is mixed into the hydraulic oil is avoided, the service life of the hydraulic oil is prolonged, the working process of workers is simplified, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of elevator buffering, and in particular to an elevator buffering device. Background Art

[0002] The elevator buffer device is an important safety component of elevator equipment. It is used to protect the elevator car when there is a risk of falling. It has a buffering effect on the people in the elevator car, improves the safety performance of the elevator, and optimizes the riding experience of the people. The elevator buffer device usually moves the plunger barrel downward when the car falls, compresses the oil in the oil cylinder, and transfers the kinetic energy of the elevator to the hydraulic oil in the pressure cylinder, so that the hydraulic oil is sprayed into the plunger barrel through the annular throttle hole. When the hydraulic oil passes through the annular throttle hole, the flow area suddenly shrinks, forming a vortex, causing the particles in the liquid to collide and rub against each other to generate heat to consume the impact kinetic energy of the elevator, thereby ensuring that the elevator can be safely and reliably decelerated and stopped.

[0003] In the prior art, the pressure cylinder adopts a fully sealed structure. During the process of filling oil into the pressure cylinder, gas will mix into the hydraulic oil to cause bubbles, which is prone to gas retention and affects the fluidity of the hydraulic oil. As a result, it takes a long time for the hydraulic oil to completely flow into the pressure cylinder under a natural state without external force, and there may even be a dangerous situation of incomplete filling. In addition, gas mixed into the hydraulic oil will accelerate the oxidation and deterioration of the hydraulic oil and shorten the service life of the hydraulic oil. Therefore, during the oil filling or oil return process, it is necessary to manually press repeatedly to completely expel the gas in the pressure cylinder, resulting in high work intensity and low efficiency for the staff. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or deficiencies in the prior art, the present application aims to provide an elevator buffer device, comprising:

[0005] substrate;

[0006] A pressure cylinder, the pressure cylinder is arranged on the base plate, and the pressure cylinder has a first space for accommodating hydraulic oil;

[0007] A plunger cylinder, one end of which is disposed in the first space, and the plunger cylinder can move in the first space along the height direction of the pressure cylinder, and the plunger cylinder has a second space in communication with the first space;

[0008] A buffer plate, the buffer plate is detachably connected to the side of the plunger cylinder away from the base plate, and the buffer plate is at least used to buffer the falling elevator car;

[0009] A blocking structure, wherein the blocking structure comprises at least one second opening and the same number of blocking elements as the second openings, the blocking structure having a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the blocking element blocks the second opening, and the first space is isolated from the outside atmosphere, and in the second state, the blocking element is detached from the second opening, and the first space is connected to the outside atmosphere.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a second opening is provided on the pressure cylinder at the highest oil level of the hydraulic oil that can be accommodated in the first space; and the blocking element is detachably connected to the pressure cylinder.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a second opening is further provided at the lowest oil level of the hydraulic oil that can be accommodated in the first space on the pressure cylinder; the two second openings are located on the same straight line along the height direction of the pressure cylinder, or on two straight lines parallel to each other along the height direction of the pressure cylinder.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pressure cylinder is provided with at least one first arm tube connected to the first space, the opening of the first arm tube away from the pressure cylinder side is the second opening, and the blocking element is detachably connected to the first arm tube.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pressure cylinder is provided with at least one second arm tube connected to the first space, the second arm tube has a second opening on the side away from the pressure cylinder, another second opening is opened on the second arm tube, and the blocking element is detachably connected to the second arm tube.

[0014] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device also includes a switch assembly for connecting or disconnecting the elevator system circuit, the switch assembly is arranged on the connecting plate, and the pressure cylinder outer sleeve is provided with a throat clamp, and the throat clamp is used to connect the connecting plate to the pressure cylinder.

[0015] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, an adjustment rod is provided in the first space and on the substrate, and the adjustment rod extends along the height direction of the pressure cylinder.

[0016] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a throttle nozzle is provided at one end of the plunger cylinder close to the base plate, the adjusting rod passes through the throttle nozzle, and a circle of annular first oil holes is formed between the throttle nozzle and the adjusting rod for connecting the first space with the second space. A positioning pad is also provided on the side of the throttle nozzle close to the buffer plate, and a plurality of second oil holes are provided on the positioning pad, and the positioning pad is circular, plum blossom-shaped or polygonal.

[0017] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, along the direction from the buffer plate to the substrate, the diameter of the end of the adjustment rod away from the substrate side changes from small to large.

[0018] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the buffer plate at least includes a switching part and a clamping part arranged along the height direction of the pressure cylinder, and the buffer plate has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the clamping part abuts against the plunger tube away from the substrate side, and the second space is in a closed state; in the fourth state, the clamping part is separated from the plunger tube away from the substrate side, and the second space is connected to the outside world. The switching part is used to switch the buffer member between the third state and the fourth state.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present application is that the present application realizes the connection and isolation between the first space and the outside atmosphere through a sealing structure. In the process of filling oil into the pressure cylinder, the sealing element is first removed from the second opening to put the sealing structure in the second state. The gas formed during the oil filling process can overflow from the second opening to the atmosphere. After the oil filling is completed, the sealing structure is switched to the first state to complete the oil filling. The device can make the hydraulic oil flow into the pressure cylinder more smoothly and quickly. The timely discharge of gas also avoids the problem of gas mixing into the hydraulic oil, thereby extending the service life of the hydraulic oil, simplifying the work flow of the staff, and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an elevator buffer device (left side section) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an elevator buffer device (two second openings on the pressure cylinder) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an elevator buffer device (having a first arm tube and the first arm tube being a curved tube) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an elevator buffer device (having a first arm tube and the first arm tube being a straight tube) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an elevator buffer device (having a second arm tube and the first opening oriented in the axial direction of the transverse portion) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an elevator buffer device (having a second arm tube and the first opening oriented in the radial direction of the transverse portion) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an elevator buffer device (having a second arm tube as a straight tube and a first opening provided on its side wall) provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a positioning pad provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first oil hole and the second oil hole provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of a pressure cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] The text annotations in the figure represent:

[0031] 1. Pressure cylinder; 2. Base plate; 3. Plunger cylinder; 4. Buffer plate; 5. Return spring; 6. Guide part; 7. First arm tube; 8. Sealing structure; 81. First sealing; 82. Second sealing; 9. Adjusting rod; 10. Throttle nozzle; 101. First oil hole; 11. Positioning pad; 111. Second oil hole; 12. Switch rod; 121. Oblique part; 13. Travel switch; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Hose clamp; 16. Maximum oil level; 17. Minimum oil level; 18. Working oil level; 19. Second arm tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] As mentioned in the background technology, in view of the problems in the prior art, this application proposes an elevator buffer device, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0035] Base plate 2; specifically, the base plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the pit or on the buffer base;

[0036] A pressure cylinder 1, wherein the pressure cylinder 1 is disposed on the substrate 2, and the pressure cylinder 1 has a first space for accommodating hydraulic oil;

[0037] A plunger barrel 3, one end of which is disposed in the first space, and the plunger barrel 3 can move in the first space along the height direction of the pressure cylinder 1, and the plunger barrel 3 has a second space in communication with the first space;

[0038] Specifically, a return spring 5 is provided on the outer sleeve of the plunger tube 3, and the return spring 5 is used to return the plunger tube 3. A guide portion 6 is also provided on the side of the pressure cylinder 1 away from the base plate 2, and the guide portion 6 is used to guide the plunger tube 3 during its movement.

[0039] A buffer plate 4 is detachably connected to the side of the plunger tube 3 away from the base plate 2, and the buffer plate 4 is at least used to buffer the falling elevator car; specifically, when the elevator car falls, it first contacts the buffer plate 4, and the buffer plate 4 is pressed down, so that the plunger tube 3 moves downward, squeezing the hydraulic oil in the pressure cylinder 1, so that the hydraulic oil is pressed into the second space of the plunger tube 3.

[0040] A sealing structure 8, wherein the sealing structure 8 comprises at least one second opening and the same number of sealing elements as the second openings, wherein the sealing structure 8 has a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the sealing element blocks the second opening, and the first space is isolated from the outside atmosphere, and in the second state, the sealing element is detached from the second opening, and the first space is connected to the outside atmosphere.

[0041] Specifically, at least one of the blocking structures 8 is arranged at a position higher than or equal to the maximum oil level 16 that can accommodate hydraulic oil in the first space. Figure 1 shown.

[0042] Optionally, the blocking element is a bolt, a screw, a screw plug, a screw plug, or an oil sight glass, which is fastened to the component provided with the second opening through a combined sealing gasket.

[0043] In this embodiment, the connection and isolation between the first space and the outside atmosphere are achieved through the sealing structure 8. During the process of filling oil into the pressure cylinder 1, the sealing element is first removed from the second opening to put the sealing structure 8 in the second state. The gas formed during the oil filling process can overflow from the second opening to the atmosphere. After the oil filling is completed, the sealing structure 8 is switched to the first state to complete the oil filling. This device can make the hydraulic oil flow into the pressure cylinder 1 more smoothly and quickly. The timely discharge of gas also avoids the problem of gas mixing into the hydraulic oil, thereby extending the service life of the hydraulic oil, simplifying the work process of the staff, and improving work efficiency.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, a second opening is provided on the pressure cylinder 1 at a maximum oil level 16 of the hydraulic oil that can be accommodated in the first space; and the blocking element is detachably connected to the pressure cylinder 1 .

[0045] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 and Fig.10 As shown, when oil is injected into the pressure cylinder 1, there is a maximum oil level 16 and a minimum oil level 17 for oil injection. A second opening is provided on the pressure cylinder 1 at the maximum oil level 16. Before the start of oil injection, the blocking element is first removed from the pressure cylinder 1. When the hydraulic oil overflows from the second opening during the oil injection process, it means that the hydraulic oil has reached the maximum oil level 16. At this time, the oil injection is stopped and the blocking element is blocked at the second opening. If the blocking element is an oil sight glass, the real-time oil level position in the pressure cylinder 1 can also be intuitively judged during the operation of the buffer device. When special circumstances occur, they can be discovered in time to avoid risks and improve safety performance.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, a second opening is further provided at the lowest oil level 17 of the hydraulic oil that can be accommodated in the first space on the pressure cylinder 1; the two second openings are located on the same straight line along the height direction of the pressure cylinder 1, or on two straight lines parallel to each other along the height direction of the pressure cylinder 1.

[0047] Furthermore, a second opening may be provided at the lowest oil level 17 and on the pressure cylinder 1. At this time, the blocking element at a high position is the first blocking element 81, and the blocking element at a lower position is the second blocking element 82. Before oil filling, the first blocking element 81 is removed, and the interior of the pressure cylinder 1 is observed through the second blocking element 82 during the oil filling process. When oil starts to flow out of the second opening corresponding to the first blocking element 81, the first blocking element 81 is tightened and the oil filling is completed. When the buffer is reset after operation, and the hydraulic oil returns from the second space to the first space, first remove the first plug 81. After the plunger is completely reset by the force of the reset spring 5, observe through the second plug 82 that the hydraulic oil inside the pressure cylinder 1 is full and free of bubbles. Then observe whether there is oil flowing out of the second opening corresponding to the first plug 81. If oil flows out, tighten the first plug 81 immediately. If no oil flows out, inject appropriate hydraulic oil into the pressure cylinder 1. When oil starts to flow out from the second opening corresponding to the first plug 81, tighten the first plug 81. After the buffer device is operated, the oil return and oil filling are completed.

[0048] Furthermore, the first seal 81 and the second seal 82 do not limit the axial concentric position, and can be set at any circumferential position of the pressure cylinder 1 while ensuring the relationship with the highest oil level 16 and the lowest oil level 17, wherein the first seal 81 and the second seal 82 have the function of exhausting air and observing the oil level.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the pressure cylinder 1 is provided with at least one first arm tube 7 connected to the first space, the opening of the first arm tube 7 away from the pressure cylinder 1 is the second opening, and the blocking element is detachably connected to the first arm tube 7.

[0050] Specifically, the first arm tube 7 may be a curved arm tube or a straight arm tube ( Figure 3 For curved arm tube, Figure 4 is a straight arm tube), welded on the cylinder wall of the pressure cylinder 1, the first arm tube 7 is at least one, in this embodiment, the number of the second openings is the same as the number of the first arm tubes 7, when the blocking structure 8 is in the first state, the blocking element is screwed at the pipe mouth of the first arm tube 7.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the pressure cylinder 1 is provided with at least one second arm tube 19 connected to the first space, the second arm tube 19 has a second opening on the side away from the pressure cylinder 1, another second opening is opened on the second arm tube 19, and the blocking element is detachably connected to the second arm tube 19.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the blocking element screwed to the other second opening opened on the second arm tube 19 should be an oil sight glass.

[0053] Specifically, the second arm tube 19 may be a curved arm tube or a straight arm tube ( Figure 5 For curved arm tube, Figure 7 The second arm tube 19 is a straight arm tube, which is welded on the cylinder wall of the pressure cylinder 1. The second arm tube 19 is at least one, and the second arm tube 19 is arranged at an adaptive position where the first space can accommodate the highest oil level 16 and the lowest oil level 17 of the hydraulic oil.

[0054] Furthermore, when the second arm tube 19 is a straight arm tube, another second opening opened on the second arm tube 19 can be opened at a height where the highest oil level 16 and the lowest oil level 17 can be seen (the working oil level line is between the highest oil level 16 line and the lowest oil level 17 line, and these three oil level lines can be observed at the height of the second opening), and at any position along the circumference of the second arm tube 19, but the position needs to meet the requirement of easy observation by personnel.

[0055] Furthermore, when the second arm tube 19 is a curved arm tube, it has a transverse portion vertically welded to the pressure cylinder 1, and a vertical portion integrally formed with the transverse portion, and the pipe mouth of the vertical portion away from the transverse portion is one of the second openings, and the second opening set on the second arm tube 19 is set on the transverse portion, and the setting height is sufficient to see the highest oil level 16 and the lowest oil level 17 in the pressure cylinder 1.

[0056] Alternatively, if Figure 5 As shown, the second opening provided on the transverse portion can be provided at the turning point where the transverse portion is connected to the vertical portion. At this time, when the blocking element is an oil sight glass, the line of sight is along the axial direction of the transverse portion.

[0057] Alternatively, if Figure 6 As shown, the second opening provided on the transverse portion can be provided on the tube body of the transverse portion. At this time, when the blocking element is an oil sight glass, the line of sight is along the radial direction of the transverse portion.

[0058] Specifically, the blocking element at the pipe mouth of the vertical part away from the transverse part has the function of venting and observing the maximum oil level 16, and the other blocking element at the second opening arranged on the transverse part has the function of venting and observing the maximum oil level 16, the working oil level 18, and the minimum oil level 17.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the device also includes a switch assembly for connecting or disconnecting the elevator system circuit, wherein the switch assembly is arranged on the connecting plate 14, and the pressure cylinder 1 is provided with a hose clamp 15 on the outer sleeve, and the hose clamp 15 is used to connect the connecting plate 14 to the pressure cylinder 1.

[0060] Specifically, the switch assembly includes at least one end of a switch rod 12 connected to the side of the plunger tube 3 close to the buffer plate 4, the extension direction of the switch rod 12 is the same as the height direction of the plunger tube 3, the end of the switch rod 12 away from the plunger tube 3 has an inclined portion 121, the inclined portion 121 is opposite to the side of the plunger tube 3, and a travel switch 13 is abutted, the travel switch 13 and the switch rod 12 are installed on the connecting plate 14.

[0061] When the elevator car falls, the plunger tube 3 is driven downward, driving the switch rod 12 to be pressed downward, and the inclined portion 121 pushes the travel switch 13 along the radial direction of the plunger tube 3 and in a direction away from the plunger tube 3. The travel switch 13 cuts off the elevator motor. When the reset spring 5 resets the elevator buffer device, the switch rod 12 moves upward and resets. The travel switch 13 moves toward the direction close to the plunger tube 3 and resets (manually reset or automatically reset), and the elevator motor is restarted.

[0062] The switch assembly of the traditional elevator buffer device is supported by a connecting plate 14 welded to the outside of the pressure cylinder 1. The welded connecting plate 14 is fixedly connected, that is, the position cannot be changed. When the elevator buffer device is activated, the accompanying cable that moves with it can easily get caught on the connecting plate 14 during the process of moving up and down or shaking left and right, causing an accident.

[0063] In this embodiment, a throat clamp 15 is used to connect the connecting plate 14 to the pressure cylinder 1. The switch assembly and the connecting plate 14 can rotate around the circumference of the pressure cylinder 1 to avoid the accompanying cable. The personnel can adaptively adjust the orientation of the connecting plate 14 by observing the direction of the accompanying cable. The adjustment can include rotating along the circumference of the pressure cylinder 1 or moving along the height direction of the pressure cylinder 1. The operation is simple and the adaptability is strong.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, an adjusting rod is provided in the first space and on the base plate 2 , and the adjusting rod 9 extends along the height direction of the pressure cylinder 1 .

[0065] In an optional embodiment, a throttle nozzle 10 is provided at one end of the plunger cylinder 3 close to the base plate 2, and the adjusting rod 9 passes through the throttle nozzle 10. A ring-shaped first oil hole 101 is formed between the throttle nozzle 10 and the adjusting rod 9 for connecting the first space with the second space. A positioning pad 11 is also provided on the side of the throttle nozzle 10 close to the buffer plate 4, and a plurality of second oil holes 111 are provided on the positioning pad 11. The positioning pad 11 is circular, plum blossom-shaped or polygonal.

[0066] When the elevator car falls, the kinetic energy of the elevator is transferred to the hydraulic oil in the pressure cylinder 1. Please refer to Fig. 9 As shown, the hydraulic oil is sprayed into the plunger cylinder 3 through the first oil hole 101. When the hydraulic oil passes through the first oil hole 101, the flow area is suddenly reduced to form a vortex, so that the particles in the liquid collide and rub against each other to generate heat to consume the impact kinetic energy of the elevator, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable deceleration and stop of the elevator.

[0067] Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, A is a circular positioning pad 11, on which there are three second oil holes 111, B is a circular positioning pad 11, on which there are five second oil holes 111, and C is a plum blossom-shaped positioning pad 11, on which there are three second oil holes 111. The location and number of the second oil holes 111 are adapted to the shape of the positioning pad 11, and it is necessary to increase the number of the second oil holes 111 as much as possible to increase the oil passing area, for example, when the positioning pad 11 is circular.

[0068] A sealing ring is provided at the bottom of the adjusting rod 9 to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.

[0069] Specifically, when the elevator car is buffering, the hydraulic oil in the pressure cylinder 1 passes through the first oil hole 101 and then through the second oil hole 111 to reach the second space of the plunger cylinder 3. During the oil return or oil injection process, the hydraulic oil in the plunger cylinder 3 first passes through the second oil hole 111 and then through the first oil hole 101 to reach the first space of the pressure cylinder 1.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, along the direction from the buffer plate 4 to the substrate 2 , the diameter of the end of the adjustment rod 9 away from the substrate 2 changes from small to large.

[0071] Specifically, the diameter of the end of the adjusting rod 9 away from the base plate 2 changes from small to large, forming a chamfered structure, which can ensure the rapid circulation of the hydraulic oil.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the buffer plate 4 at least includes a switching portion and a clamping portion arranged along the height direction of the pressure cylinder 1, and the buffer plate 4 has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the clamping portion abuts against the side of the plunger tube 3 away from the substrate 2, and the second space is in a closed state; in the fourth state, the clamping portion is separated from the side of the plunger tube 3 away from the substrate 2, and the second space is connected to the outside, and the switching portion is used to switch the buffer member between the third state and the fourth state.

[0073] In a traditional elevator buffer device, the buffer plate 4 adopts an annular structure and is bonded to the upper end surface of the plunger tube 3 with special glue. A cover or a vent plug is also required to be provided inside the ring for dust prevention and ventilation. When the buffer device is transported, it may shake or tip over. Due to the presence of the cover or the vent plug, the hydraulic oil inside the buffer device will flow out, resulting in the buffer not being able to be shipped with oil. The hydraulic oil needs to be packed in a plastic oil barrel and shipped together with the buffer device, resulting in high packaging and transportation costs for the buffer device and increased workload for elevator installers.

[0074] Specifically, when the buffer plate 4 is in the third state, the second space of the plunger cylinder 3 is in a closed state, and the buffer device can be shipped with oil. At this time, it can be ensured that the hydraulic oil will not leak out during transportation, and the hydraulic oil does not need to be transported separately, which is low in cost; when the buffer plate 4 is in the fourth state, the second space is connected to the outside world. At this time, it can be ensured that when the elevator buffer device is hit, it can be exhausted and the buffer device can be reset. Further, at least one air hole is provided at the upper end of the buffer plate 4.

[0075] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An elevator buffer device, characterized in that: include: substrate(2); A pressure cylinder (1), the pressure cylinder (1) being arranged on the base plate (2), and the pressure cylinder (1) having a first space for accommodating hydraulic oil; a plunger barrel (3), one end of the plunger barrel (3) being arranged in the first space, and the plunger barrel (3) being movable in the first space along the height direction of the pressure cylinder (1), and the plunger barrel (3) having a second space in communication with the first space; a buffer plate (4), the buffer plate (4) being detachably connected to a side of the plunger cylinder (3) away from the base plate (2), the buffer plate (4) being used at least to buffer a falling elevator car; A blocking structure (8), the blocking structure (8) comprising at least one second opening and the same number of blocking elements as the second openings, the blocking structure (8) having a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the blocking element blocks the second opening, and the first space is isolated from the outside atmosphere, and in the second state, the blocking element is detached from the second opening, and the first space is connected to the outside atmosphere.

2. The elevator buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second opening is provided on the pressure cylinder (1) at a maximum oil level (16) of hydraulic oil that can be accommodated in the first space; and the blocking element is detachably connected to the pressure cylinder (1).

3. The elevator buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second opening is also provided at the lowest oil level of the hydraulic oil that can be accommodated in the first space on the pressure cylinder (1); the two second openings are located on the same straight line along the height direction of the pressure cylinder (1), or on two straight lines parallel to each other along the height direction of the pressure cylinder (1).

4. The elevator buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cylinder (1) is provided with at least one first arm tube (7) communicating with the first space, an opening of the first arm tube (7) away from the pressure cylinder (1) is the second opening, and the blocking element is detachably connected to the first arm tube (7).

5. The elevator buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cylinder (1) is provided with at least one second arm tube (19) connected to the first space, the second arm tube (19) having a second opening on a side away from the pressure cylinder (1), the second arm tube (19) having another second opening, and the blocking element being detachably connected to the second arm tube (19).

6. The elevator buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a switch assembly for connecting or disconnecting the elevator system circuit, the switch assembly being arranged on a connection plate (14), the outer sleeve of the pressure cylinder (1) being provided with a throat clamp (15), the throat clamp (15) being used to connect the connection plate (14) to the pressure cylinder (1).

7. The elevator buffer device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An adjustment rod is provided in the first space and on the base plate (2), and the adjustment rod (9) extends along the height direction of the pressure cylinder (1).

8. The elevator buffer device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A throttle nozzle (10) is provided at one end of the plunger cylinder (3) close to the base plate (2), the adjusting rod (9) passes through the throttle nozzle (10), and a circle of annular first oil holes (101) are formed between the throttle nozzle (10) and the adjusting rod (9) for connecting the first space with the second space. A positioning pad (11) is also provided on the side of the throttle nozzle (10) close to the buffer plate (4), and a plurality of second oil holes (111) are provided on the positioning pad (11), and the positioning pad (11) is circular, plum blossom-shaped or polygonal.

9. The elevator buffer device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Along the direction from the buffer plate (4) to the base plate (2), the diameter of the end of the adjustment rod (9) away from the base plate (2) changes from small to large.

10. The elevator buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer plate (4) at least comprises a switching portion and a clamping portion arranged along the height direction of the pressure cylinder (1), and the buffer plate (4) has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the clamping portion abuts against the side of the plunger tube (3) away from the substrate (2), and the second space is in a closed state; in the fourth state, the clamping portion is separated from the side of the plunger tube (3) away from the substrate (2), and the second space is connected to the outside. The switching portion is used to switch the buffer plate (4) between the third state and the fourth state.

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