Device for preventing dust deposition and scaling of pipeline based on pulverized coal gasification

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for preventing ash deposition and scaling of a pipeline based on pulverized coal gasification, belongs to coal gasification equipment, and aims to solve the technical problems of how to reduce ash deposition and scaling of a synthesis gas pipeline and improve the safe and stable operation level of the equipment. According to the technical scheme, the device structurally comprises a gasification furnace, a synthesis gas conveying pipeline, a cyclone separator and a washing tower, the gasification furnace is communicated with the cyclone separator through the synthesis gas conveying pipeline, and the cyclone separator is communicated with the washing tower; wherein a downcomer is arranged at the lower position of the middle of the gasification furnace, and a spraying mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the downcomer; the spraying mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe and a coil pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the washing tower, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the coil pipe, the coil pipe is arranged on the outer side of the downcomer, and spraying holes are formed in the pipe wall of the side, away from the downcomer, of the coil pipe and are obliquely arranged downwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to coal gasification equipment, in particular to a device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification. Background Art

[0002] Coal gasification refers to the process in which solid fuels such as coal, coke, and semi-coke react with gasifying agents under high temperature, normal pressure, or pressurized conditions to convert them into gas products and a small amount of residue. The gasifying agents are mainly water vapor, air (or oxygen), or a mixture of these. The gasification reaction includes a series of homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions.

[0003] The principle of coal gasification technology is to use coal or coal coke as raw materials, oxygen, air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen, water vapor or hydrogen as gasifying agents, and convert the combustible part of coal or coal coke into coal gas through chemical reactions at a certain temperature. The resulting gas products, such as air gas, semi-water gas, water gas, etc., have different compositions, which depend on the quality of the raw coal, the type of gasifying agent and the gasification process.

[0004] In the current coal gasification process technology, the synthesis gas and molten slag produced after the reaction in the gasifier reaction chamber are quenched at the quenching ring. After quenching, the slag is discharged downward along the downcomer, and the synthesis gas moves upward in the form of bubbles at the lower edge of the downcomer, and after being washed in a water bath, it leaves the gasifier and enters the gas washing equipment. Generally, the gasifier and the gas washing equipment are connected by a pipeline. Due to the quenching and washing effect, the synthesis gas, dry gas and saturated water vapor carry a large amount of fly ash. Long-term operation can easily cause ash accumulation in the synthesis gas pipeline, increase system resistance, increase pipeline wear and leakage, and seriously affect the safe and stable operation of the gasifier.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce dust accumulation and scaling in the synthesis gas pipeline and improve the safe and stable operation level of the equipment is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical task of the utility model is to provide a device for preventing ash and scaling in pipelines based on pulverized coal gasification, so as to solve the problem of how to reduce ash and scaling in synthesis gas pipelines and improve the safe and stable operation level of the equipment.

[0007] The technical task of the utility model is achieved in the following way: a device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification, comprising a gasifier, a synthetic gas delivery pipeline, a cyclone separator and a washing tower, wherein the gasifier is connected to the cyclone separator through the synthetic gas delivery pipeline, and the cyclone separator is connected to the washing tower;

[0008] Among them, a downcomer is arranged at the lower middle part of the gasifier, and a spray mechanism is arranged on the outside of the downcomer; the spray mechanism includes a water inlet pipe and a coil, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the washing tower, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the coil, the coil is arranged on the outside of the downcomer and a spray hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the coil away from the downcomer, and the spray hole is arranged obliquely downward.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the spray hole is 2-6 mm, preferably 4 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the synthesis gas transport pipeline includes a plurality of synthesis gas straight pipelines and synthesis gas pipeline elbows connecting adjacent synthesis gas straight pipelines.

[0011] More preferably, an inner lining layer is provided on the inner side wall of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow, and the inner lining layer is made of wear-resistant lining chromium 26 alloy steel.

[0012] More preferably, the number of elbows of the syngas pipeline elbow is 3-5 times;

[0013] Among them, the elbow multiple refers to the ratio between the center curvature radius of the elbow and the inner diameter of the elbow; the larger the elbow multiple, the greater the curvature of the elbow and the greater the degree of curvature of the pipeline system.

[0014] Preferably, a dust removal mechanism is provided at one side of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow, and the dust removal mechanism includes a pipeline reinforcement ring, which is arranged on the outer wall of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow, a fixed seat is arranged above the pipeline reinforcement ring, a knocking rod is arranged in the middle position of the fixed seat, the lower end of the knocking rod is installed on the fixed block, the upper end of the knocking rod is provided with a spring sleeve, a compression spring is arranged in the spring sleeve, one end of the compression spring is fixed to the upper end of the knocking rod, and the other end of the compression spring is provided with an air source telescopic rod, a telescopic rod sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the air source telescopic rod, and the upper end of the air source telescopic rod is connected with the air source pipeline.

[0015] More preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the air source telescopic rod and the telescopic rod sleeve.

[0016] More preferably, a pressure control valve is provided on the gas source pipeline.

[0017] The utility model is a device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification, which has the following advantages:

[0018] (1) The structure of the utility model can reduce or even eliminate the risk of ash accumulation and scaling in the synthesis gas pipeline, and extend the safe and stable operation period of the utility model;

[0019] (ii) The utility model improves the stability of the operation of equipment such as the back-end scrubber by enhancing the control of the ash content of the front-end synthesis gas;

[0020] (iii) The utility model can determine the cleaning cycle according to the actual situation through targeted fixed-point action, which improves the effective control of the full-cycle operation of the utility model;

[0021] (IV) The utility model provides a method for reducing ash accumulation in the synthesis gas pipeline. By optimizing the separation of synthesis gas and fly ash and innovating equipment in areas prone to ash accumulation, the purpose of preventing ash accumulation in the synthesis gas pipeline is achieved, thereby improving the safe and stable operation level of the utility model;

[0022] (V) The spray mechanism on the outer side of the downcomer of the utility model achieves the effect of cleaning the synthetic gas pipeline elbow which is not easy to accumulate dust and scale and the parts which are prone to accumulate dust and scale regularly.

[0023] Therefore, the utility model has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure, easy processing, small size, convenient use, multi-purpose, etc., and thus has good promotion and use value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for preventing ash accumulation and scaling in pipelines based on pulverized coal gasification;

[0026] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the spray mechanism, the water inlet pipe and the downcomer are assembled;

[0027] Attached Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spray mechanism;

[0028] Attached Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the synthesis gas pipeline elbow and the dust removal mechanism are assembled.

[0029] In the figure: 1, gasifier, 2, synthesis gas transmission pipeline, 3, cyclone separator, 4, washing tower, 5, downcomer, 6, water inlet pipe, 7, coil, 8, spray hole, 9, synthesis gas straight pipeline, 10, synthesis gas pipeline elbow, 11, lining layer, 12, pipeline reinforcement ring, 13, fixing seat, 14, knocking rod, 15, spring sleeve, 16, compression spring, 17, gas source telescopic rod, 18, telescopic rod sleeve, 19, gas source pipeline, 20, sealing ring, 21, pressure control valve, 22, spray mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] With reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification, a device for preventing dust accumulation and scaling in pipelines based on pulverized coal gasification of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Example:

[0034] As attached Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the utility model provides a device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification, comprising a gasifier 1, a synthetic gas delivery pipeline 2, a cyclone separator 3 and a washing tower 4, wherein the gasifier 1 is connected to the cyclone separator 3 through the synthetic gas delivery pipeline 2, and the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the washing tower 4;

[0035] A downcomer 5 is installed at the lower middle part of the gasifier 1, and a spray mechanism 22 is installed on the outer side of the downcomer 5; Figure 3 As shown, the spray mechanism 22 includes a water inlet pipe 6 and a coil 7. One end of the water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the washing tower 4, and the other end of the water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the coil 7. The coil 7 is installed on the outside of the downcomer 5 and a spray hole 8 is installed on the pipe wall of the coil 7 away from the downcomer 5. The spray hole 8 is arranged obliquely downward.

[0036] The diameter of the spray hole 8 in this embodiment is 4 mm.

[0037] The synthesis gas delivery pipeline 2 in this embodiment includes a plurality of synthesis gas straight pipelines 9 and synthesis gas pipeline elbows 10 connecting adjacent synthesis gas straight pipelines 9 .

[0038] An inner lining layer 11 is installed on the inner wall of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow 10 in this embodiment, and the inner lining layer 11 is made of wear-resistant lining chromium 26 alloy steel.

[0039] The elbow multiple of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow 10 in this embodiment is 3-5 times;

[0040] Among them, the elbow multiple refers to the ratio between the center curvature radius of the elbow and the inner diameter of the elbow; the larger the elbow multiple, the greater the curvature of the elbow and the greater the degree of curvature of the pipeline system.

[0041] As attached Figure 4 As shown, a dust removal mechanism is installed at one side of the synthetic gas pipeline elbow 10 in this embodiment, and the dust removal mechanism includes a pipeline reinforcement ring 12, which is installed on the outer wall of the synthetic gas pipeline elbow 10, and a fixed seat 13 is installed above the pipeline reinforcement ring 12. A knocking rod 14 is installed in the middle of the fixed seat 13. The lower end of the knocking rod 14 is installed on the fixed block 13, and a spring sleeve 15 is installed on the upper end of the knocking rod 14. A compression spring 16 is installed in the spring sleeve 15. One end of the compression spring 16 is fixed to the upper end of the knocking rod 14, and the other end of the compression spring 16 is installed with a gas source telescopic rod 17, and a telescopic rod sleeve 18 is installed on the outer side of the gas source telescopic rod 17. The upper end of the gas source telescopic rod 18 is connected to the gas source pipeline 19. A sealing ring 20 is installed between the gas source telescopic rod 17 and the telescopic rod sleeve 18. A pressure control valve 21 is installed on the gas source pipeline 19.

[0042] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0043] The syngas and molten slag after the reaction in the gasifier 1 are quenched and then run downward, and the syngas runs upward in the form of bubbles at the lower edge of the downcomer 5. After passing through a water bath, the syngas is further washed. The washed syngas leaves the gasifier 1 and passes through a pipeline prone to ash and scaling, then enters the cyclone separator 3, then enters the washing tower 4, and then enters the post-system.

[0044] In this embodiment, a spray mechanism 22 is installed outside the downcomer 5. The spray water comes from the washing water at the bottom of the washing tower 4. The spray mechanism 22 mainly consists of a circle of coils 7 (that is, pipes, with water flowing inside, which can spray obliquely) wound around the outside of the downcomer, and 100 obliquely downward The spray holes 8 are 70 in total, with 30 spray holes 8 concentrated on one side of the syngas outlet and the remaining 30 spray holes 8 on the other side, so that the spray water and syngas can be in full and uniform contact, and the syngas fly ash can be washed to the maximum extent. At the same time, the 4mm spray holes 8 are because the spray water uses the black water of the washing tower, which is easy to be blocked after long-term operation. If the holes are too large, the washing effect of the spray water and syngas will be affected. Therefore, the 4mm hole diameter can meet the needs to the maximum extent.

[0045] The synthesis gas pipeline elbow 10 (the standard elbow is 1.5 times the pipe diameter, and larger times need to be customized) which is not easy to accumulate ash and scale is located on the synthesis gas pipeline after the gasifier. Compared with the traditional elbow, the inside of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow has a wear-resistant lining of chromium 26 alloy steel, and the elbow multiple is increased from the standard 1.5-3 times (elbow multiple = elbow inner diameter / pipeline inner diameter) to 3-5 times or even higher. By reducing the flow velocity difference between the inside and outside of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow, the accumulation of fly ash on one side of the synthesis gas pipeline is reduced, thereby avoiding ash accumulation and scaling in the pipeline.

[0046] The dust removal mechanism is used to clean the parts prone to dust accumulation and scaling. The dust removal mechanism refers to a measure that relies on external force to prevent dust accumulation and scaling in the pipeline. The pipeline reinforcement ring 12 is to avoid frequent action affecting the strength of the pipeline. The knocking piece 14 is made of copper to avoid sparks from collision. The installation position is located on the inner side of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow 10, on the right side of the synthesis gas outlet from the center point of the synthesis gas pipeline elbow 10. When the synthesis gas passes through this part, the outer flow velocity is large and the inner flow velocity is small, so fly ash is easy to accumulate. Therefore, it needs to be regularly cleared by external force. To ensure the safety of pipeline use, the cleaning cycle can be set according to the situation.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification, characterized in that: It includes a gasifier, a synthetic gas delivery pipeline, a cyclone separator and a washing tower. The gasifier is connected to the cyclone separator through the synthetic gas delivery pipeline, and the cyclone separator is connected to the washing tower. Among them, a downcomer is arranged at the lower middle part of the gasifier, and a spray mechanism is arranged on the outside of the downcomer; the spray mechanism includes a water inlet pipe and a coil, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the washing tower, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the coil, the coil is arranged on the outside of the downcomer and a spray hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the coil away from the downcomer, and the spray hole is arranged obliquely downward.

2. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the spray hole is 2-6 mm.

3. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The synthesis gas delivery pipeline comprises a plurality of synthesis gas straight pipelines and synthesis gas pipeline elbows connecting adjacent synthesis gas straight pipelines.

4. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An inner lining layer is arranged on the inner side wall of the synthetic gas pipeline elbow, and the inner lining layer is made of wear-resistant lining chromium 26 alloy steel.

5. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elbow multiple of the synthetic gas pipeline elbow is 3-5 times; Among them, the elbow multiple refers to the ratio between the center radius of curvature of the elbow and the inner diameter of the elbow.

6. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A dust removal mechanism is arranged at one side of the synthetic gas pipeline elbow, and the dust removal mechanism includes a pipeline reinforcement ring, which is arranged on the outer side wall of the synthetic gas pipeline elbow, a fixed seat is arranged above the pipeline reinforcement ring, a knocking rod is arranged in the middle position of the fixed seat, the lower end of the knocking rod is installed on the fixed block, the upper end of the knocking rod is arranged with a spring sleeve, a compression spring is arranged in the spring sleeve, one end of the compression spring is fixed to the upper end of the knocking rod, and the other end of the compression spring is arranged with an air source telescopic rod, a telescopic rod sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the air source telescopic rod, and the upper end of the air source telescopic rod is connected with the air source pipeline.

7. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A sealing ring is arranged between the air source telescopic rod and the telescopic rod sleeve.

8. The device for preventing pipeline ash accumulation and scaling based on pulverized coal gasification according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A pressure control valve is arranged on the gas source pipeline.

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