Electrochemical de-intercalation lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrochemical de-intercalation and lithium extraction, and discloses an electrochemical de-intercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell, the electrochemical de-intercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell is divided into two outer plates and a cell body unit arranged between the two outer plates, two sides of an anionic membrane are respectively enclosed to form a single-side electrolytic cell, the structure is simple, and the cost is low; the outer plate and the U-shaped groove body adjacent to the outer plate are detachably connected through the multiple first fasteners, the two U-shaped groove bodies are detachably connected through the multiple second fasteners, and disassembly and assembly are convenient and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction, in particular to an electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main methods of lithium extraction from salt lakes include solar pond method, adsorption method, extraction method, electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction method, among which electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction method is one of the commonly used methods.

[0003] The electrochemical deintercalation and extraction of lithium currently usually uses a rocking-chair coated electrode electrochemical lithium extraction device, which has the disadvantages of a complex structure and inconvenient assembly and disassembly of the electrolytic cell. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an electrochemical lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell with simple structure and convenient disassembly and assembly.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An electrochemical lithium stripping membrane stack electrolyzer comprises two outer plates spaced apart along a first horizontal direction, and a cell unit disposed between the two outer plates, wherein the cell unit comprises an anion membrane, and at least two U-shaped cells distributed along the first horizontal direction, and an anion membrane is disposed between any two adjacent U-shaped cells;

[0007] Any of the outer plates, the anion membrane, and the U-shaped tank body located between the outer plate and the anion membrane form a single-sided electrolytic cell with an open top;

[0008] Any of the outer plates and the U-shaped trough bodies adjacent thereto are detachably connected via a plurality of first fasteners, and the two U-shaped trough bodies are detachably connected via a plurality of second fasteners.

[0009] As a feasible implementation scheme of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell, the number of the U-shaped trough bodies is N, N is an even number greater than or equal to 2, and the two adjacent anion membranes and the U-shaped trough body located between the two adjacent anion membranes also form a single-sided electrolytic cell.

[0010] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer, the U-shaped tank body includes two tank side plates that are opposite and spaced apart along a second horizontal direction, and a tank bottom plate connecting the two tank side plates, and the second horizontal direction is perpendicular to the first horizontal direction;

[0011] Any of the outer plates and the adjacent groove side plates are connected by a plurality of the first fasteners arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; any of the outer plates and the adjacent groove bottom plates are connected by a plurality of the first fasteners arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction;

[0012] The two adjacent trough side plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; the two adjacent trough bottom plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction.

[0013] As an implementation scheme of the above electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer, a first sealing member is sandwiched between any of the outer plates and the U-shaped tank body adjacent thereto;

[0014] And / or, a second sealing member is sandwiched between any of the U-shaped trough bodies and the anion membrane adjacent thereto.

[0015] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell, any of the single-sided electrolytic cells is provided with a single-sided electrode, and the single-sided electrode includes an active material and a plurality of current collectors spaced apart along a first horizontal direction;

[0016] Among any two adjacent single-sided electrodes along the first horizontal direction, the active material of one of the single-sided electrodes is a lithium-intercalated active material, and the active material of the other single-sided electrode is a lithium-deficient active material.

[0017] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell, the current collector is a graphite plate, and the upper end of the current collector extends out of the top surface of the U-shaped trough body.

[0018] As a feasible implementation scheme of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell, a carrier basket is placed in any of the single-sided electrolytic cells, the single-sided electrode is placed in the carrier basket, and the side wall of the carrier basket is a porous structure; the pore size of the porous structure is smaller than the particle size of the active substance.

[0019] As an implementation scheme of the electrochemical lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer, the two ends of the current collector in the second horizontal direction are respectively fixed to the two opposite basket side walls of the carrier basket;

[0020] The current collectors in any of the carrier baskets are spaced apart from the inner wall of the carrier basket along the first horizontal direction; and / or, the outer wall of the carrier basket facing the anion membrane is spaced apart from the anion membrane along the first horizontal direction.

[0021] As an implementation scheme of the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer, the basket side wall of the carrier basket facing the anion membrane and the basket bottom wall of the carrier basket are both porous plates, and a liquid inlet hole is provided at the lower part of the single-sided electrolyzer; the bottom wall of the single-sided electrolyzer is paved with water sponge, and the upper surface of the water sponge is higher than the liquid inlet hole;

[0022] And / or, a liquid outlet is provided on a side wall of the single-sided electrolytic cell, the liquid outlet is higher than the carrier basket, and the top plate of the carrier basket is a detachable porous plate.

[0023] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer, the graphite plate is provided with support members at both ends of the second horizontal direction;

[0024] Along the first horizontal direction, the support member is sandwiched between two adjacent graphite plates and between the graphite plate and the inner wall of the carrier basket.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the utility model: the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell provided by the utility model is divided into two outer plates and a cell unit arranged between the two outer plates, and both sides of the anion membrane each form a single-sided electrolytic cell, which has a simple structure and low cost; the outer plate and the adjacent U-shaped cell are detachably connected by a plurality of first fasteners, and the two U-shaped cells are detachably connected by a plurality of second fasteners, and disassembly and assembly are convenient and quick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a top view of the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of an electrochemical lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side view of the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 is a side view of a carrier basket provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a perspective view of a carrier basket provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a top view of the carrier basket provided in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1. Outer plate; 11. First connecting plate; 12. Second connecting plate;

[0034] 21. U-shaped tank body; 211. side connecting plate; 212. bottom connecting plate; 213. liquid inlet; 214. liquid outlet; 22. anion membrane;

[0035] 3. Single-sided electrode; 31. Current collector; 32. Active material;

[0036] 4. Support parts;

[0037] 51. a first fastener; 52. a second fastener;

[0038] 6. Carrier basket;

[0039] 100. Single-sided electrolytic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0044] It should be noted that Figures 1 to 6 In the figure, the X direction refers to the first horizontal direction, the Y direction refers to the second horizontal direction, and the Z direction refers to the vertical direction. The X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides an electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell, comprising two outer plates 1 spaced apart along a first horizontal direction, and a cell unit arranged between the two outer plates 1, the cell unit comprising an anion membrane 22, and at least two U-shaped cell bodies 21 distributed along the first horizontal direction, an anion membrane 22 is arranged between any two adjacent U-shaped cell bodies 21; any outer plate 1, anion membrane 22, and a U-shaped cell body 21 located between the outer plate 1 and the anion membrane 22 form a single-sided electrolytic cell 100 with an open top; any outer plate 1 and the U-shaped cell body 21 adjacent thereto are detachably connected by a plurality of first fasteners 51, and the two U-shaped cell bodies 21 are detachably connected by a plurality of second fasteners 52.

[0046] The electrochemical lithium stripping membrane stack electrolytic cell is divided into two outer plates 1 and a cell unit arranged between the two outer plates 1. The two sides of the anion membrane 22 each form a single-sided electrolytic cell 100, which has a simple structure and low cost. The outer plate 1 and the adjacent U-shaped cell body 21 are detachably connected by multiple first fasteners 51, and the two U-shaped cell bodies 21 are detachably connected by multiple second fasteners 52, so that disassembly and assembly are convenient and quick.

[0047] Exemplarily, the number of U-shaped tank bodies 21 is two. In other embodiments, the number of U-shaped tank bodies 21 is recorded as N, N is an even number greater than or equal to 2, and two adjacent anion membranes 22 and the U-shaped tank body 21 located between the two adjacent anion membranes 22 form a single-sided electrolytic cell 100, so that more than one pair of single-sided electrolytic cells 100 are formed. Such an arrangement can increase the lithium extraction effect, and the maintenance is convenient and efficient. For example, four, six, or eight U-shaped tank bodies 21 can also be provided.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the U-shaped trough body 21 includes two trough side plates that are opposite and spaced apart in the second horizontal direction, and a trough bottom plate connecting the two trough side plates; any outer plate 1 is connected to the adjacent trough side plates by a plurality of first fasteners 51 spaced apart in the vertical direction; any outer plate 1 is connected to the adjacent trough bottom plate by a plurality of first fasteners 51 spaced apart in the second horizontal direction. Such an arrangement can improve the connection firmness between the outer plate 1 and the U-shaped trough body 21.

[0049] Two adjacent groove side plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners 52 arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; two adjacent groove bottom plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners 52 arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction. Such an arrangement can improve the connection firmness between two adjacent U-shaped groove bodies 21.

[0050] Specifically, two side connecting plates 211 are convexly provided on the side of any one of the two groove side plates facing away from the other groove side plate, and the two side connecting plates 211 are arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction, and any two adjacent side connecting plates 211 located on two different groove side plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners 52 arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. Two bottom connecting plates 212 are convexly provided on the outer bottom wall of any groove bottom plate, and the two bottom connecting plates 212 are arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction, and any two adjacent side connecting plates 211 located on different groove bottom plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners 52 arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction.

[0051] Each outer panel 1 is provided with a first connecting plate 11 protruding from two opposite sides in the second horizontal direction, and the first connecting plate 11 and the side connecting plate 211 adjacent to it in the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of first fasteners 51 arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. A second connecting plate 12 is provided protruding from the bottom of each outer panel 1, and the second connecting plate 12 and the bottom connecting plate 212 adjacent to it in the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of first fasteners 51 arranged at intervals in the second horizontal direction.

[0052] Exemplarily, the outer plate 1, the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 are integrally formed structural parts, and the U-shaped trough 21, the side connecting plate 211 and the bottom connecting plate 212 are integrally formed structural parts, with a simple preparation process and low cost.

[0053] It should be noted that the outer plate 1 and the U-shaped trough 21 can be made of any one of acrylic board, PVC board, PP board and PE board. The first fastener 51 and the second fastener 52 are both bolts, which can be made of carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel.

[0054] In some embodiments, a first seal is sandwiched between any outer plate 1 and the U-shaped trough body 21 adjacent thereto; a second seal is sandwiched between any U-shaped trough body 21 and the anion membrane 22 adjacent thereto. Exemplarily, both the first seal and the second seal are U-shaped rubber pads. The single-sided electrolytic cell 100 is sealed by the first seal and the second seal to prevent leakage. It should be noted that the U-shaped rubber pad can be any one of silicone rubber, nitrile rubber sheet, and chloroprene rubber sheet.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, any single-sided electrolytic cell 100 is provided with a single-sided electrode 3, and the single-sided electrode 3 includes an active material 32 and a plurality of current collectors 31 spaced apart along a first horizontal direction; in any two adjacent single-sided electrodes 3 along the first horizontal direction, the active material 32 of one of the single-sided electrodes 3 is a lithium-embedded active material, and the active material 32 of the other single-sided electrode 3 is a lithium-deficient active material.

[0056] The current collector 31 plays a conductive role and connects the active material 32 to an external power source. One of the two adjacent single-sided electrolytic cells 100 is a cathode cell and the other is an anode cell. Brine flows in the cathode cell and lithium-rich liquid flows in the anode cell. The current collector 31 inserted into the cathode cell is the negative electrode and the current collector 31 inserted into the anode cell is the positive electrode.

[0057] Furthermore, by providing a plurality of current collectors 31 in the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 , the conductivity of the active material 32 and the current collector 31 can be enhanced, the electrolysis efficiency can be enhanced, and the number of electrolysis cycles can be extended.

[0058] The active material 32 is directly added into the single-sided electrolytic cell 100, the lithium-embedded active material is in direct contact with the lithium-rich solution, and the lithium-deficient active material is in direct contact with the brine, which increases the specific surface area of ​​the lithium extraction material. In addition, lithium extraction can be carried out without coating the active material 32 on the surface of the current collector 31. The mass transfer efficiency during the lithium extraction process is high, which improves the lithium extraction rate and capacity of the electrode.

[0059] In some embodiments, the lithium-deficient active material is Li x FePO4、Li x Any of Mn2O4, wherein 0<x<0.4; the lithium-embedded active material is Li y FePO4、Li yAny one of Mn2O4, wherein 0.8<y<1. By limiting x and y, the lithium extraction rate is increased. It should be noted that x can select any value greater than 0 and less than 0.4, such as x can select any value of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35; y can select any value greater than 0.8 and less than 1, such as y can select any value of 0.82, 0.84, 0.86, 0.88, 0.9, 0.92, 0.94, 0.96, 0.98.

[0060] In some embodiments, the current collector 31 is a graphite plate, and the upper end of the current collector 31 extends out of the top surface of the U-shaped trough 21. The cost of the graphite plate is low, which can reduce the cost of the electrochemical lithium stripping membrane stack electrolyzer; and the upper end of the graphite plate extends out of the top surface of the U-shaped trough 21 to connect to the external power supply. The graphite plate is not metal, and will not be passivated due to the exposure of the current collector 31.

[0061] Since the active material 32 is in a granular form, in order to facilitate the taking and placing of the active material 32, in some embodiments, a carrier basket 6 is placed in any single-sided electrolytic cell 100, and the single-sided electrode 3 is placed in the carrier basket 6. The frame side wall of the carrier basket 6 is a porous structure, and the pore size of the porous structure is smaller than the particle size of the active material 32. By taking and placing the carrier basket 6, the active material 32 can be taken and placed, and the operation is convenient and fast; and the carrier basket 6 is a porous structure, which is convenient for the solution to enter the carrier basket 6 and contact the active material 32. During operation, the anions in the solution can pass through the carrier basket 6 and pass through the anion membrane 22; by limiting the pore size of the porous structure to be smaller than the particle size of the active material 32, the active material 32 in the carrier basket 6 can be prevented from passing through the holes on the carrier basket 6, ensuring that the active material 32 moves around the current collector 31.

[0062] In some embodiments, the pore size of the porous structure is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and the active substance 32 is a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 1mm-3mm and a length of 3mm-5mm. When selecting the active substance 32, it is necessary to ensure that the particle size of the active substance 32 is smaller than the pore size of the porous structure.

[0063] In some embodiments, the carrier basket 6 can be made of any one of PVC, PE, and PP.

[0064] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the side wall of the carrier basket 6 facing the anion membrane 22 and the bottom wall of the carrier basket 6 are both porous plates, and a liquid inlet hole 213 is provided at the lower part of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100; the bottom wall of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 is paved with water sponge, and the upper surface of the water sponge is higher than the liquid inlet hole 213.

[0065] The solution entering the single-side electrolytic cell 100 through the liquid inlet hole 213 passes through the water sponge and then enters the carrier basket 6 through the hole at the bottom of the carrier basket 6. The water sponge is provided to raise the solution so that it flows evenly above the water sponge. The water sponge can be any one of foamed sponge and regenerated sponge.

[0066] Exemplarily, the liquid inlet hole 213 is arranged on the side plate of the U-shaped trough body 21, and the liquid inlet hole 213 is located at one end of the side plate of the U-shaped trough body 21 connected to the bottom plate of the trough, that is, the liquid inlet hole 213 is as close to the bottom wall of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 as possible, so as to facilitate placing the carrier basket 6 on the water sponge. When the carrier basket 6 is supported by the water sponge, the liquid inlet hole 213 is not higher than the upper surface of the water sponge.

[0067] In other embodiments, a liquid inlet hole 213 may be provided on the bottom plate of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 , that is, the liquid inlet hole 213 may be provided on the bottom plate of the U-shaped cell body 21 ; in this case, a water sponge may be laid on the bottom wall of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the two ends of the current collector 31 in the second horizontal direction are respectively fixed to two opposite side walls of the carrier basket 6. For example, the current collector 31 can be fixed to the carrier basket 6 by welding.

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the current collector 31 in any carrier basket 6 is arranged along the first horizontal direction and spaced from the inner wall of the carrier basket 6. Such arrangement can increase the contact area between the current collector 31 and the solution and active material 32, and improve the utilization rate of the current collector 31.

[0070] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the carrier basket 6 facing the anion membrane 22 is spaced apart from the anion membrane 22 along the first horizontal direction. This arrangement can increase the contact area between the anion membrane 22 and the solution and active substance 32, and improve the utilization rate of the anion membrane 22.

[0071] In some embodiments, the packing density of the active material 32 filled in any carrier basket 6 is 0.7 g / cm 3 -0.8g / cm 3 While ensuring a sufficient filling amount of the active material 32 , the voids between the active materials 32 can meet the use requirements, thereby reducing the resistance of the solution flowing through the active materials 32 .

[0072] In some embodiments, a liquid outlet 214 is provided at the upper portion of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100, and a liquid inlet 213 and a liquid outlet 214 are respectively provided on two side plates of the U-shaped cell body 21. This can extend the flow path of the solution in the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 and improve the solution utilization rate.

[0073] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet 213 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid outlet 214 is connected to a liquid outlet pipe. In order to facilitate the arrangement of the liquid inlet and outlet pipes, no connecting plate is arranged near the liquid inlet and outlet pipes to prevent affecting the installation of the liquid inlet and outlet pipes.

[0074] In some embodiments, the liquid outlet 214 is higher than the carrier basket 6, and the top plate of the carrier basket 6 is a porous plate. The solution in the carrier basket 6 passes through the top plate of the carrier basket 6 and is discharged through the liquid outlet 214. In order to facilitate the removal of the active substance 32 in the carrier basket 6, the top plate of the carrier basket 6 is detachable, such as bolted. A through hole for passing through the current collector 31 is provided on the top plate of the carrier basket 6, so that the current collector 31 can pass through the top plate of the carrier basket 6 and connect to an external power supply.

[0075] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the graphite plates are provided with support members 4 at both ends of the second horizontal direction, and support members 4 are sandwiched between two adjacent graphite plates and between the graphite plates and the inner wall of the carrier basket 6 along the first horizontal direction. The graphite plates are supported by the support members 4 to ensure that the spacing between the two adjacent graphite plates is stable. The support members 4 can be selected from any one of PVC, PE, and PP.

[0076] In some embodiments, the length of the U-shaped trough body 21 in the first horizontal direction is between 15mm-30mm, ensuring that the cathode and the anode are spaced closely together, reducing the influence of the solution resistance. The length of the U-shaped trough body 21 in the second horizontal direction is 180mm-280mm, the length of the U-shaped trough body 21 in the vertical direction is 220mm-300mm, and the length of the single-sided electrolytic cell 100 in the second horizontal direction and the vertical direction is 150mm-250mm, and 198mm-278mm, respectively. The thickness of the anion membrane 22 is 0.1mm-0.5mm; the thickness of the graphite plate is 2mm-3mm, which ensures a certain structural strength while reducing the volume occupied by the graphite plate, and reserving sufficient filling space for the active substance 32; the thickness of the water cloth is 3mm-5mm.

[0077] Taking the arrangement of two single-sided electrolytic cells 100 as an example, the assembly process of the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolytic cell is as follows:

[0078] The outer plate 1, the first seal, the U-shaped trough body 21, the second seal, the anion membrane 22, the second seal, the U-shaped trough body 21, the first seal and the outer plate 1 are stacked in sequence along the first horizontal direction; then the outer plate 1 and the adjacent U-shaped trough body 21 are connected by a plurality of first fasteners 51 to clamp the first seal between the outer plate 1 and the adjacent U-shaped trough body 21; the two U-shaped trough bodies 21 are connected by a plurality of second fasteners 52, and the anion membrane 22 and the two second seals are clamped between the two U-shaped trough bodies 21, so as to finally form two single-sided electrolytic cells 100.

[0079] One of the two single-sided electrolytic cells 100 is used as an anode cell, and the other is used as a cathode cell; a carrier basket 6 containing lithium-deficient active materials, multiple graphite plates and granulated materials is placed in the cathode cell, and a carrier basket 6 containing lithium-intercalated active materials, multiple graphite plates and granulated materials is placed in the anode cell.

[0080] Compared with the existing technology, the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and convenient and quick disassembly and assembly; and the sealing effect is good, and there will be no leakage problem.

[0081] The specific working process of the above-mentioned electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer is as follows:

[0082] Connect the graphite plate corresponding to the cathode slot and the graphite plate corresponding to the anode slot to an external power supply;

[0083] The brine is fed into the cathode tank through the liquid inlet hole 213 at the bottom of the cathode tank, and then passes through the water sponge and enters the carrier basket 6 through the holes on the carrier basket 6. The brine passes through the carrier basket 6 through the holes on the top of the carrier basket 6, and then flows out of the cathode tank through the liquid outlet hole 214 above the carrier basket 6, and the brine is circulated by the cathode pump;

[0084] At the same time, the lithium-rich liquid is fed into the anode tank through the liquid inlet hole 213 at the lower part of the anode tank, and the lithium-rich liquid passes through the water sponge and then enters the carrier basket 6 through the hole on the carrier basket 6, and the lithium-rich liquid passes through the carrier basket 6 through the hole at the top of the carrier basket 6, and then flows out of the anode tank through the liquid outlet hole 214 above the carrier basket 6, and the lithium-rich liquid is circulated by the anode pump;

[0085] An external power source applies voltage to the graphite plates in the cathode cell and the graphite plates in the anode cell to deintercalate and extract lithium.

[0086] When the number of lithium-extraction cycles of the lithium-deficient active material and the lithium-intercalated active material reaches the upper limit, the carrier basket 6 in the cathode tank and the carrier basket 6 in the anode tank can be taken out, the lithium-deficient active material and the lithium-intercalated active material can be taken out, and the in-situ activation method can be used to regenerate the lithium-deficient active material and the lithium-intercalated active material.

[0087] It should be noted that the above-mentioned in-situ activation method is a prior art in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0088] Since the lithium-deficient active material and the lithium-embedded active material are respectively filled in the corresponding carrier baskets 6, it is convenient to take and put the active material 32, and by limiting the pore size of the porous structure to be smaller than the particle size of the active material 32, after taking out the carrier basket 6, there will be no active material 32 in the single-sided electrolytic cell 100.

[0089] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer, characterized in that: It comprises two outer plates (1) arranged at intervals along a first horizontal direction, and a tank unit arranged between the two outer plates (1), wherein the tank unit comprises an anion membrane (22), and at least two U-shaped tanks (21) distributed along the first horizontal direction, wherein the anion membrane (22) is arranged between any two adjacent U-shaped tanks (21); Any of the outer plates (1), the anion membrane (22), and the U-shaped tank body (21) located between the outer plate (1) and the anion membrane (22) form a single-sided electrolytic cell (100) with an open top; Any one of the outer panels (1) and the adjacent U-shaped trough body (21) are detachably connected via a plurality of first fasteners (51), and the two U-shaped trough bodies (21) are detachably connected via a plurality of second fasteners (52).

2. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the U-shaped trough bodies (21) is N, where N is an even number greater than or equal to 2. Two adjacent anion membranes (22) and the U-shaped trough body (21) located between the two adjacent anion membranes (22) also form a single-sided electrolytic cell (100).

3. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped trough body (21) comprises two trough side plates which are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart along a second horizontal direction, and a trough bottom plate connecting the two trough side plates, wherein the second horizontal direction is perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; Any of the outer plates (1) and the adjacent trough side plates are connected via a plurality of the first fasteners (51) arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; any of the outer plates (1) and the adjacent trough bottom plates are connected via a plurality of the first fasteners (51) arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction; Two adjacent trough side plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners (52) arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; and two adjacent trough bottom plates along the first horizontal direction are connected by a plurality of second fasteners (52) arranged at intervals along the second horizontal direction.

4. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first sealing member is sandwiched between any of the outer plates (1) and the adjacent U-shaped trough body (21); And / or, a second sealing member is sandwiched between any of the U-shaped trough bodies (21) and the anion membrane (22) adjacent thereto.

5. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 3, characterized in that: A single-sided electrode (3) is provided in any of the single-sided electrolytic cells (100), and the single-sided electrode (3) comprises an active material (32) and a plurality of current collectors (31) arranged at intervals along a first horizontal direction; In any two adjacent single-sided electrodes (3) along the first horizontal direction, the active material (32) of one of the single-sided electrodes (3) is a lithium-intercalated active material, and the active material (32) of the other single-sided electrode (3) is a lithium-deficient active material.

6. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current collector (31) is a graphite plate, and the upper end of the current collector (31) extends out of the top surface of the U-shaped trough body (21).

7. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 6, characterized in that: A carrier basket (6) is placed in any of the single-sided electrolytic cells (100), the single-sided electrode (3) is placed in the carrier basket (6), and the side wall of the carrier basket (6) is a porous structure; the pore size of the porous structure is smaller than the particle size of the active substance (32).

8. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the current collector (31) in the second horizontal direction are respectively fixed to two opposite basket side walls of the carrier basket (6); The current collector (31) in any of the carrier baskets (6) is spaced apart from the inner wall of the carrier basket (6) along the first horizontal direction; and / or the carrier basket (6) is spaced apart from the outer wall of the anion membrane (22) facing the anion membrane (22) along the first horizontal direction.

9. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side wall of the carrier basket (6) facing the anion membrane (22) and the bottom wall of the carrier basket (6) are both porous plates, and a liquid inlet hole (213) is provided at the lower part of the single-sided electrolytic cell (100); a sponge cloth is laid on the bottom wall of the single-sided electrolytic cell (100), and the upper surface of the sponge cloth is higher than the liquid inlet hole (213); And / or, the side wall of the single-sided electrolytic cell (100) is provided with a liquid outlet (214), the liquid outlet (214) is higher than the carrier basket (6), and the top plate of the carrier basket (6) is a detachable porous plate.

10. The electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction membrane stack electrolyzer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The graphite plate is provided with support members (4) at both ends in the second horizontal direction; Along the first horizontal direction, the support member (4) is sandwiched between two adjacent graphite plates and between the graphite plate and the inner wall of the carrier basket (6).

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