Fire pumping and combustion stabilizing device and combustor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pulverized coal combustion equipment, in particular to a fire pumping and combustion stabilizing device and a combustor, the fire pumping and combustion stabilizing device comprises a fire pumping cylinder, and the fire pumping cylinder comprises a first fire pumping pipe, a connecting pipe and a second fire pumping pipe; the connecting pipe is connected with the first fire extraction pipe and the second fire extraction pipe; the diameter of an opening in the end, away from the connecting pipe, of the first fire pumping pipe is gradually increased, first inclined holes are formed in the pipe wall of the end, close to the connecting pipe, of the first fire pumping pipe, evenly distributed along the pipe wall and face the interior of the connecting pipe, and a nozzle is arranged on each first inclined hole; the sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the fire extraction barrel and fixedly connected with the first fire extraction pipe and the second fire extraction pipe, a compressed air cavity is formed between the sleeve and the fire extraction pipes, an air inlet hole is formed in the sleeve, and the air inlet hole and the first inclined hole are communicated with the compressed air cavity. According to the fire pumping and combustion stabilizing device and the combustor, the technical problem that pulverized coal cannot be stably combusted in the combustor under the low ignition load is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a fire extraction and combustion stabilization device and a burner, belonging to the technical field of coal powder combustion equipment. Background Art

[0002] As an important renewable energy source, pulverized coal is widely used in various chemical and metallurgical enterprises, mainly for combustion heating and steam generation processes. Compared with traditional fuels, pulverized coal has the advantages of high energy content and low pollution, and is known as "organic fossil fuel".

[0003] Pulverized coal burner refers to a device that can make pulverized coal fully burn in a short time and generate high-temperature vortex. The pulverized coal burner has a specially designed multi-stage multi-nozzle air supply guide structure, which can make the pulverized coal generate high-temperature vortex in a short time. It has the advantages of complete combustion, high thermal utilization, smoke and dust removal, high efficiency and energy saving, improved working conditions, and reduced labor intensity. It is an ideal product for energy saving and environmental protection. However, for many pulverized coal boilers, combustion stability is a common problem, especially when running at low load. The unreasonable design of the burner is the key factor that cannot achieve stable combustion. Therefore, it is very meaningful to design a burner that can achieve stable combustion of pulverized coal under low load operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a fire extraction and combustion stabilization device and a burner.

[0005] The utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problem with the following technical solutions: a fire extraction device, comprising a fire extraction tube, the fire extraction tube comprising a first fire extraction tube, a connecting tube, and a second fire extraction tube; the two ends of the connecting tube are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first fire extraction tube and one end of the second fire extraction tube; the opening diameter of the first fire extraction tube away from one end of the connecting tube gradually increases, a plurality of first inclined holes are provided on the tube wall of the first fire extraction tube close to one end of the connecting tube, the first inclined holes are evenly distributed along the tube wall and the axis of the inclined holes intersects with the axis of the first fire extraction tube at a point, the first inclined holes face the inside of the connecting tube, and each of the first inclined holes is provided with at least one nozzle; a sleeve, the sleeve is provided on the outside of the fire extraction tube, the axis of the sleeve coincides with the axis of the fire extraction tube, the two ends of the sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first fire extraction tube and the second fire extraction tube, a compressed air cavity is formed between the sleeve and the fire extraction tube, an air inlet hole communicating with the compressed air cavity is provided on the sleeve, and the first inclined hole communicates with the compressed air cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of second inclined holes are provided on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube away from one end of the connecting tube, the second inclined holes are communicated with the compressed air cavity, the second inclined holes are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube, the axis of the second inclined holes intersects with the axis of the second fire extraction tube at one point, and each of the second inclined holes is provided with at least one nozzle, and the nozzle faces the outside of the second fire extraction tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device also includes a shield body, which is arranged at the opening of the second fire extraction tube, and the shield body is a frustum, and the shield body is two frustums, and the bottom surfaces of the two frustums are fixedly connected or integrally formed, and the shield body is provided with a through hole that passes through the frustum, and the axis of the through hole coincides with the axis of the fire extraction tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the angle between the second inclined hole and the axial direction of the second fire extraction tube is 30°-80°.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the inner hole of the second fire extraction pipe gradually decreases from one end close to the connecting pipe to the other end.

[0010] Furthermore, the angle between the first inclined hole and the first fire extraction tube is 25°-75°.

[0011] Furthermore, the air inlet hole is located at an end of the sleeve away from the first inclined hole.

[0012] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a burner, including an igniter, a combustion tube and any one of the above-mentioned fire extraction and stabilization devices, wherein the ignition position of the igniter is at the inlet of the second fire extraction tube, the fire extraction and stabilization device is connected to the primary air inlet of the coal powder, and the fire extraction and stabilization device is located in the combustion tube.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the utility model include:

[0014] (1) The flame extraction and stabilization device can extract part of the flame at the front end of the burner to the rear end of the burner, ignite the pulverized coal at the rear end of the burner, and achieve the effect of stable combustion of the pulverized coal in the burner at a lower ignition load;

[0015] (2) Stable combustion of pulverized coal reduces the ignition power of pulverized coal and reduces energy consumption, which reduces operating costs on the one hand and is beneficial to environmental protection on the other hand, in line with the concept of sustainable development;

[0016] (3) The low-load stable combustion of pulverized coal can avoid excessive local temperatures in the combustion furnace, reduce the probability of pulverized coal exploding due to excessive local temperatures, and is more conducive to the safety of boiler operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a fire extraction and combustion stabilization device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of another ignition extraction and combustion stabilization device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1, fire extraction cylinder; 11, first fire extraction tube; 111, first inclined hole; 112, nozzle; 12, connecting tube; 13, second fire extraction tube; 131, second inclined hole; 2, sleeve; 21, air inlet; 3, compressed air cavity; 4, shield body; 41, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for which protection is sought, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being above or below the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature being above, above, and above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being below, below, and below the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0025] The utility model provides a fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fire extraction tube 1, and the fire extraction tube 1 includes a first fire extraction tube 11, a connecting tube 12, and a second fire extraction tube 13; the two ends of the connecting tube 12 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first fire extraction tube 11 and one end of the second fire extraction tube 13; the opening diameter of the first fire extraction tube 11 away from the end of the connecting tube 12 gradually increases, and a plurality of first inclined holes 111 are provided on the tube wall of the first fire extraction tube 11 close to the end of the connecting tube 12, and the first inclined holes 111 are evenly distributed along the tube wall and the axis of the inclined holes intersects with the axis of the first fire extraction tube 11 at one point, The first inclined hole 111 faces the inside of the connecting tube 12, and each of the first inclined holes 111 is provided with at least one nozzle 112; the sleeve 2, the sleeve 2 is provided on the outside of the fire extraction tube 1, the axis of the sleeve 2 coincides with the axis of the fire extraction tube 1, the two ends of the sleeve 2 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first fire extraction tube 11 and the second fire extraction tube 13, a compressed air cavity 3 is formed between the sleeve 2 and the fire extraction tube, the sleeve 2 is provided with an air inlet hole 21 which penetrates the compressed air cavity 3, and the first inclined hole 111 penetrates the compressed air cavity 3.

[0026] In the existing burners, the igniter ignites at the rear end of the combustion tube, and the flame is carried to the front end of the burner along with the compressed air and coal powder. The rear end of the burner needs the igniter to work continuously to ignite the continuously entering coal powder, so as to achieve stable combustion of the coal powder. This embodiment provides a flame extraction and stabilization device that can extract the flame at the front end of the burner back to the rear end of the burner, and the extracted flame is used to ignite the continuously entering coal powder at the rear end of the burner, thereby achieving the technical effect that the coal powder can still burn stably under a lower ignition load. The first inclined hole 111 is connected to the compressed air cavity 3, and the compressed air is quickly ejected from the nozzle 112 installed on the first inclined hole 111 to the inside of the connecting pipe 12. Since the rapidly ejected compressed air forms a relative negative pressure at the opening of the first fire extraction tube 11 away from the connecting pipe 12, the flame at the opening of the first fire extraction tube 11 can be drawn to the inside of the first fire extraction tube 11. The opening of the end of the first fire extraction tube 11 away from the connecting pipe 12 is set to a flared shape, which is conducive to drawing more flames at the opening of the end to the first fire extraction tube 11. The flame drawn to the first fire extraction tube 11, under the guidance of compressed air, finally reaches the opening of the second fire extraction tube 13. At this time, the flame is mixed with the primary air of the coal powder entering the burner to achieve ignition. The size of the fire extraction can be controlled by controlling the appropriate compressed air flow.

[0027] It should be noted that the second inclined hole 131 with a suction function and communicating with the compressed air cavity 3 may be provided on the wall of the second fire extraction tube 13, or may not be provided, and the above-mentioned technical effect can be achieved.

[0028] As a preferred example, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of second inclined holes 131 are provided on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube 13 away from one end of the connecting tube 12, and the second inclined holes 131 are communicated with the compressed air cavity 3. The second inclined holes 131 are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube 13, and the axis of the second inclined holes 131 intersects with the axis of the second fire extraction tube 13 at one point. Each of the second inclined holes 131 is provided with at least one nozzle 112, and the nozzle 112 faces the outside of the second fire extraction tube 13.

[0029] It should be noted that the outlet of the second inclined hole 131 can be arranged on the inside of the second fire extraction tube 13 , and can also be arranged on the end surface of the outlet of the second fire extraction tube 13 .

[0030] The setting of the second inclined hole 131 on the second fire extraction tube 13 can improve the suction efficiency of the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device, and it is easier to achieve stable combustion of coal powder under the same ignition power; the compressed air ejected from the first fire extraction tube 11 will be subject to the resistance of the primary wind from the coal powder at the inlet end of the second fire extraction tube 13, resulting in the inability of the drawn-back flame to be quickly ejected from the second fire extraction tube 13; a second inclined hole 131 is set on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube 13, and compressed air is quickly ejected from the nozzle 112 of the second inclined hole 131 to form a relative negative pressure at the opening of the second fire extraction tube 13, thereby guiding the drawn-back flame to be quickly ejected from the second fire extraction tube 13, and the drawn-back flame meets the primary wind of the coal powder entering the burner to achieve ignition.

[0031] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device also includes a shield body 4, which is arranged at the opening of the second fire extraction tube 13. The shield body 4 is two frustums, and the bottom surfaces of the two frustums are fixedly connected or integrally formed. The shield body 4 is provided with a through hole 41 that passes through the frustum, and the axis of the through hole 41 coincides with the axis of the fire extraction tube 1.

[0032] It can be understood that the shield body 4 is coaxially arranged with the second fire extraction pipe 13, and one end of the shield body 4 is close to the nozzle at the second inclined hole 131, that is, the gas ejected from the nozzle of the second fire extraction pipe 13 can be directly sprayed onto the inclined surface of the shield body 4 close to the nozzle.

[0033] The flame drawn from the second fire extraction tube 13 is mixed with the primary air of the coal powder at the opening of the second fire extraction tube 13 to ignite the coal powder. The drawn flame is relatively concentrated, and the range of coal powder that can be ignited is relatively narrow. In addition, the flame will be ejected forward due to inertia. By setting a shield body 4 at the opening of the second fire extraction tube 13, and a through hole 41 is provided on the shield body 4, a part of the flame ejected from the opening of the second fire extraction tube 13 passes through the through hole 41 on the shield body 4 and meets the primary air of the coal powder, thereby achieving primary ignition; the other part of the flame encounters the side of the shield body 4 and is reflected to the outside of the sleeve 2, and meets the coal powder outside the sleeve 2, thereby achieving secondary ignition.

[0034] It should be noted that the above technical effect can be achieved as long as the nozzle 112 disposed on the second inclined hole 131 faces the outside of the second fire extraction tube 13. As a preferred solution, the angle between the second inclined hole 131 and the axis of the second fire extraction tube 13 is 30°-80°.

[0035] By setting the angle between the second inclined hole 131 and the axis of the second fire extraction tube 13 to 30°-80°, it is more conducive to improving the fire extraction efficiency.

[0036] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the diameter of the inner hole of the second fire extraction tube 13 gradually decreases from one end close to the connecting tube 12 to the other end.

[0037] The second fire extraction tube 13 is configured to be closed from the inside to the outside, so that the withdrawn flame can generate sufficient pressure when sprayed, and the flame is sprayed out from the inner hole of the second fire extraction tube 13; the flame sprayed out under sufficient pressure is conducive to sufficient mixing with the coal powder, and is more conducive to the ignition and stable combustion of the coal powder.

[0038] Specifically, the angle between the first inclined hole 111 and the first fire extraction tube 11 is 25°-75°.

[0039] The angle between the first inclined hole 111 and the first fire extraction tube 11 is set to 25°-75°. Under the condition of the same air flow rate, when the compressed air is ejected from the first inclined hole 111, the suction efficiency of the fire extraction and stabilization device can be improved.

[0040] Specifically, Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the air inlet 21 is located at an end of the sleeve 2 away from the first inclined hole 111 .

[0041] It should be noted that the air inlet hole 21 mentioned here being located at the end of the sleeve 2 away from the first inclined hole 111 means that the air inlet hole 21 is located on the sleeve 2 corresponding to the outside of the second suction tube.

[0042] The beneficial effect of the present technical solution is that the air inlet 21 is far away from the compressed air outlet, and the compressed air passes through a longer path from the air inlet 21 to the first inclined hole 111. The compressed air takes away part of the heat of the fire extraction tube 1 and the sleeve 2, which can better reduce the temperature of the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device and improve the safety performance of the fire extraction device.

[0043] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a burner, including an igniter, a combustion tube and any one of the above-mentioned fire extraction and stabilization devices, the ignition position of the igniter is at the inlet of the second fire extraction tube 13, the fire extraction and stabilization device is connected to the primary air inlet of the coal powder, and the fire extraction and stabilization device is located in the combustion tube.

[0044] The igniter used in the burner can be a plasma igniter or other device with an ignition function. In a conventional burner, when the burner is turned on and ignited, the igniter ignites the coal powder, and the ignited flame is in the combustion tube from the rear end of the combustion tube to the front end of the combustion tube. The continuously entering coal powder requires the igniter to work all the time to achieve stable combustion of the coal powder. The burner provided in this embodiment can draw the flame at the rear end of the combustion tube to the front end of the burner, and the flame drawn to the front end of the burner ignites the continuously entering coal powder. When the drawn back flame reaches a balance with the flame from the front end to the rear end of the burner, the technical effect of stable combustion of coal powder can be achieved without the igniter working.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fire extraction and combustion stabilization device, characterized in that: include: A fire extraction tube, comprising a first fire extraction tube, a connecting tube, and a second fire extraction tube; The two ends of the connecting tube are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first fire extraction tube and one end of the second fire extraction tube; the opening diameter of the first fire extraction tube gradually increases away from one end of the connecting tube; a plurality of first inclined holes are provided on the tube wall of the first fire extraction tube close to one end of the connecting tube; the first inclined holes are evenly distributed along the tube wall and the axes of the inclined holes intersect with the axis of the first fire extraction tube at one point; the first inclined holes face the inside of the connecting tube, and each of the first inclined holes is provided with at least one nozzle; A sleeve, wherein the sleeve is arranged on the outside of the fire extraction tube, the axis of the sleeve coincides with the axis of the fire extraction tube, the two ends of the sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first fire extraction tube and the second fire extraction tube, a compressed air cavity is formed between the sleeve and the fire extraction tube, an air inlet hole communicating with the compressed air cavity is provided on the sleeve, and the first inclined hole communicates with the compressed air cavity.

2. The ignition stabilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second inclined holes are provided on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube away from one end of the connecting tube, the second inclined holes are communicated with the compressed air cavity, the second inclined holes are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the second fire extraction tube, the axis of the second inclined holes intersects with the axis of the second fire extraction tube at one point, and each of the second inclined holes is provided with at least one nozzle, and the nozzle faces the outside of the second fire extraction tube.

3. The ignition stabilizing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a shield body, which is arranged at the opening of the second fire extraction tube. The shield body is two frustums, the bottom surfaces of the two frustums are fixedly connected or integrally formed, and the shield body is provided with a through hole penetrating the frustum, and the axis of the through hole coincides with the axis of the fire extraction tube.

4. The ignition stabilizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the second inclined hole and the axis of the second fire extraction tube is 30°-80°.

5. The ignition extraction and combustion stabilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the second fire extraction pipe has a diameter that gradually decreases from one end close to the connecting pipe to the other end.

6. The ignition stabilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the first inclined hole and the first fire extraction tube is 25°-75°.

7. The ignition stabilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet hole is located at an end of the sleeve away from the first inclined hole.

8. A burner, characterized in that: It includes an igniter, a combustion tube and the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the ignition position of the igniter is at the inlet of the second fire extraction tube, the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device is connected to the primary air inlet of the coal powder, and the fire extraction and stabilizing combustion device is located in the combustion tube.

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