Gantry machine tool cross beam performance testing device and system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device and system. The gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device comprises an upright column assembly used for supporting a crossbeam to be tested; the first guide rail assembly is used for achieving movement guiding of the stand column assembly; the ram gravity loading unit is used for being connected to the bottom of a ram assembly so as to apply gravity to the ram assembly, and the ram assembly is in sliding connection with one side face of the to-be-tested cross beam through a second guide rail assembly; the first cutting force loading unit is used for being connected to the ram assembly so as to apply a horizontal push-pull force parallel to the axis of the to-be-tested cross beam to the ram assembly; the second cutting force loading unit is used for being connected to the ram assembly so as to apply a horizontal push-pull force perpendicular to the axis of the cross beam to be tested to the ram assembly; and the deformation measuring unit is used for detecting the deformation quantity of the cross beam to be measured. According to the method, the actual performance parameters of the cross beam can be obtained, the accuracy of mathematical model construction for machine tool structural part optimization evaluation is improved, and then the accuracy of the optimal scheme is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing, in particular to a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device and system. Background Art

[0002] On the basis of improving the stiffness, dynamic response capability, and seismic resistance of the important structural parts of heavy-duty CNC machine tools, achieving lightweight, optimizing structural dimensions, and rationalizing material selection of the important structural parts of machine tools is one of the key issues that urgently need to be solved in the research and development and manufacturing of high-precision heavy-duty CNC machine tools. The crossbeam is one of the main components of the gantry machine tool. Its performance directly affects the machining accuracy of the fixed gantry. When designing, it is necessary to comprehensively consider multiple performance evaluation indicators and the trade-offs of multiple design schemes.

[0003] In the existing methods, finite element analysis is usually used to design a variety of different beam structures as alternative solutions, and finite element software is used to perform static analysis, modal analysis and thermal characteristics analysis on multiple beam component alternative solutions, so as to obtain the deformation variables of the beam under different solutions as the so-called original data. Then, an entropy weight TOPSIS mathematical model for the optimal evaluation of machine tool structural parts is established, and Matlab software is used to solve and calculate to select the best solution. For example, "Optimal Design of Machine Tool Structural Parts Based on Entropy Weight TOPSIS Model" was disclosed in "Combined Machine Tools and Automated Processing Technology".

[0004] However, the existing method has the following problems:

[0005] This process relies on the digital model of the machine tool, and in the process of building the model, a simplified model is usually built for the convenience of model building or due to computer computing power limitations. Therefore, the original data of the beam obtained is different from the actual deformation to a certain extent, which affects the evaluation results and makes it impossible to select the correct optimal solution. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device and system, which can obtain the actual performance parameters of the crossbeam, improve the accuracy of the mathematical model construction for the optimization evaluation of machine tool structural parts, and thus improve the accuracy of the optimal solution.

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of the utility model provides a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device, comprising:

[0009] A column assembly for supporting the beam to be tested;

[0010] A first guide rail assembly for guiding the movement of the column assembly;

[0011] A ram gravity loading unit connected to the bottom of the ram assembly to apply gravity to the ram assembly, wherein the ram assembly is slidably connected to a side surface of the beam to be measured via a second guide rail assembly;

[0012] A first cutting force loading unit connected to the ram assembly to apply a horizontal push-pull force parallel to the axis of the beam to be measured to the ram assembly;

[0013] A second cutting force loading unit connected to the ram assembly to apply a horizontal push-pull force perpendicular to the axis of the beam to be measured to the ram assembly;

[0014] A deformation measuring unit is used to detect the deformation amount of the beam to be measured.

[0015] The second aspect of the utility model provides a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing system, comprising:

[0016] A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device as described in the first aspect;

[0017] A beam to be tested mounted on the column assembly;

[0018] A second guide rail assembly disposed on one side of the crossbeam to be tested;

[0019] A ram assembly is mounted on the second guide rail assembly.

[0020] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] This scheme can be used to obtain the maximum deformation position and deformation amount of the beam, thereby determining the actual performance parameters of the beam, and using the measured deformation data to establish a mathematical model for the optimal evaluation of machine tool structural parts, and to solve and calculate to select the best scheme, thereby improving the accuracy of the mathematical model construction for the optimal evaluation of machine tool structural parts, and thus improving the accuracy of the best scheme. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing system of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ram gravity loading unit;

[0025] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a first cutting force loading unit;

[0026] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a second cutting force loading unit;

[0027] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a deformation measurement unit;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crossbeam to be tested, the second guide rail assembly and the slide assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the positions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Gantry machine tools usually include a bed, left and right columns, a workbench, a crossbeam, a slide, a ram and other parts. When working, the crossbeam is mainly subjected to three forces: 1) the weight of the crossbeam and the gravity of the guide rail on the crossbeam; 2) the gravity of the crossbeam slide, the ram, the motor, the spindle, and the peripheral sheet metal parts; 3) cutting force. After the above three forces act on the crossbeam, the crossbeam will be deformed both in bending and in torsion. This has a great impact on the spindle positioning accuracy of the machine tool, which further affects the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Therefore, the structural design of the crossbeam is particularly important. In order not to redesign the matching structure between the crossbeam, the ram, the guide rail and other components in the machine tool fixed gantry, when designing the alternative crossbeam scheme, the rib plate arrangement mode, thickness size, position size and topological structure of the internal rib plate structure of the crossbeam are mainly designed without changing the external matching structure of the crossbeam. By optimizing the rib plate arrangement mode, thickness size, position size and topological structure in different directions, different alternative crossbeam structural schemes can be obtained.

[0036] In order to facilitate the testing of the beam performance, Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the utility model discloses a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device, which includes a column assembly 30, a first guide rail assembly 11, a slide gravity loading unit 50, a first cutting force loading unit 60, a second cutting force loading unit 70, and a deformation measurement unit.

[0037] The column assembly 30 is used to support the beam to be measured; the first guide rail assembly is used to realize the movement and guidance of the column assembly 30; the slide gravity loading unit 50 is used to be connected to the bottom of the slide assembly to apply gravity to the slide assembly, the first cutting force loading unit 60 is used to be connected to the slide assembly to apply a horizontal push-pull force parallel to the axis of the beam to be measured to the slide assembly; the second cutting force loading unit 70 is used to be connected to the slide assembly to apply a horizontal push-pull force perpendicular to the axis of the beam to be measured to the slide assembly; the deformation measurement unit is used to detect the deformation amount of the beam to be measured.

[0038] During testing, one side surface of the beam to be tested is slidably connected to the ram assembly via the second guide rail assembly.

[0039] Among them, the slide gravity loading unit 50 mainly applies gravity to simulate the gravity of the crossbeam slide, slide, motor, spindle, and peripheral sheet metal parts; the first cutting force loading unit 60 mainly applies a horizontal front-to-back pulling force and a thrust force to simulate the front-to-back cutting force; the second cutting force loading unit 70 mainly applies a horizontal left-to-right pulling force and a thrust force to simulate the left-to-right cutting force.

[0040] By using the above device, during the design, cheap materials can be selected to make a scaled beam model, which can be installed on the test device for testing. The deformation measurement unit obtains the deformation data of the scaled beam model, and then compares the deformation data obtained by finite element analysis to verify the correctness of the finite element model. When the correct finite element model is obtained, the material characteristic parameters can be replaced to perform static, dynamic and thermodynamic analysis. After the optimal design is obtained, the beam to be tested is manufactured, and the test device of the present invention is used to verify whether the manufactured beam to be tested meets the predetermined performance parameters.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the slide gravity loading unit 50 includes a first slide rail 51, a first mounting plate 52 slidably mounted on the first slide rail 51, a second slide rail 53 arranged on the first mounting plate 52, a second mounting plate 54 slidably mounted on the second slide rail 53, a first loading cylinder 55 fixed on the second mounting plate 54 and a first hook 56 fixed on the first loading cylinder 55, and the first slide rail 51 is perpendicular to the second slide rail 53.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the first cutting force loading unit 60 includes a third slide rail 61, a support body slidably mounted on the third slide rail 61, a fourth slide rail 63 disposed on the support body, a third mounting plate 64 slidably mounted on the fourth slide rail 63, a second loading cylinder 65 fixed on the third mounting plate 64, and a second hook 66 fixed on the second loading cylinder 65. The third slide rail 61 is a horizontal slide rail, and the fourth slide rail 63 is a vertical slide rail.

[0043] The third slide rail 61 may adopt a single rail structure. To further enhance its structural stability, the third slide rail 61 includes two parallel rails arranged in parallel. The support body includes a slide plate 621 slidably connected to the two rails, a support column 622 vertically fixed to the slide plate 621, and a reinforcing rib 623 connected between the slide plate 621 and the support column 622. The reinforcing rib is used to enhance the structural stability of the first cutting force loading unit when applying push and pull forces.

[0044] like Figure 4As shown, the second cutting force loading unit 70 includes a fifth slide rail 71, a fifth mounting plate 72 slidably mounted on the fifth slide rail 71, a sixth slide rail 73 disposed on the fifth mounting plate 72, a sixth mounting plate 74 slidably mounted on the sixth slide rail 73, a third loading cylinder 75 fixed on the sixth mounting plate 74, and a third hook 76 fixed on the third loading cylinder 75. The fifth slide rail 71 is a vertical slide rail; the sixth slide rail 73 is a horizontal slide rail, which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the beam to be measured.

[0045] The deformation measurement unit includes a plurality of rows of fiber grating strain sensors 80 arranged on the surface of the beam to be measured. Figure 5 As shown, the deformation measurement unit includes three rows of fiber grating strain sensors 80 .

[0046] Based on the device in the first aspect, the second aspect of the utility model discloses a gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a gantry machine tool beam performance testing device as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, a beam to be tested installed on the column assembly 30, a second guide rail assembly arranged on one side surface of the beam to be tested, and a slide assembly installed on the second guide rail assembly.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the second guide rail assembly includes two L-shaped ridges 24 for mounting the ram assembly and arranged parallel to the axis of the beam to be measured, and a rack 23 arranged on the L-shaped ridges 24.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the sliding pillow assembly includes a connecting plate 41 slidably connected to the L-shaped ridge, a gear 411 meshing with the rack 23, a motor 412 fixed on the connecting plate 41 for driving the gear 411 to rotate, a pillow rod fixed on the connecting plate 41, a first hook 43 connected to the pillow rod for connecting to the first hook 56, a second hook 44 connected to the pillow rod for connecting to the second hook 66, and a third hook 45 connected to the pillow rod for connecting to the third hook 76.

[0049] The motor 412 drives the gear 411 to rotate, so as to drive the ram assembly to slide on the beam to be tested.

[0050] For example, Figure 1 , 2As shown, the column assembly 30 includes two columns, which are detachably connected to the two ends of the beam to be measured. There are two first guide rail assemblies, which are fixed at the two ends of the base 10 respectively. The beam to be measured is a square columnar structure, with four side faces and two end faces, namely the first side face 21, the third side face, the second side face 22, and the fourth side face, wherein the first side face 21 and the third side face are opposite faces, and the second side face 22 and the fourth side face are opposite faces. The second guide rail assembly is arranged on the first side face 21. A square mounting block 42 is fixed at the bottom end of the bolster rod of the slide bolster assembly for installing a hook ring. The first hook ring 43 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting block 42, and the second hook ring 44 and the third hook ring 45 are respectively installed on two adjacent sides of the mounting block 42.

[0051] During testing, the first hook 43 is connected to the first hook 56 to provide a pulling force in the vertical direction to simulate the gravity of the beam slide, the ram, the motor, the spindle, and the peripheral sheet metal parts.

[0052] The second hook 44 is connected to the second hook 66 to provide pulling force and pushing force in the front-to-back direction to simulate the cutting force in the front-to-back direction.

[0053] The third hook ring 45 is connected to the third hook 76 to provide pulling force and pushing force in the left and right directions to simulate the cutting force in the left and right directions.

[0054] The deformation measuring unit is disposed on at least one of the second side surface 22 , the third side surface, and the fourth side surface, and is used to measure the deformation amount of the crossbeam 20 to be measured.

[0055] The first mounting plate 52 is rectangular, with its two ends placed between two columns. Assume that the length direction is between the two ends of the first mounting plate 52, and the width direction is perpendicular to the direction. The second slide rail 53 is set along the length direction of the first mounting plate 52, and the third slide rail 61 is placed on one side of the front-to-back direction of the beam to be measured. The fifth mounting plate 72 is rectangular, and its length direction is parallel to the front-to-back direction of the base.

[0056] The deformation measurement unit is arranged on at least one of the second side surface 22, the third side surface, and the fourth side surface, and includes three rows of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, wherein the middle row of sensors should be arranged at the geometric center of the arrangement plane, and the number of each row of the three rows of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors is equal and the positions correspond, such as Figure 5 As shown. At the installation position of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, the surface of the beam can be polished to expose a surface that is 3 times larger than the grating sensor. The fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is bonded with ultraviolet glue. During the bonding process of the sensor, a certain pre-tightening force should be applied to the grating.

[0057] When the deformation measurement unit is arranged on the second side surface and the fourth side surface, it is symmetrically arranged on the second side surface and the fourth side surface. When the strain sensors are installed on the symmetrical sides of the beam to be measured, the stretching component and the bending component can be extracted respectively through the different strain effects on the beam during stretching and bending, so that the stretching deformation and bending deformation of the structure can be calculated separately.

[0058] Using the above system, the testing principle is:

[0059] According to the designed beam structure scheme, the beam 20 to be tested is manufactured. The beam 20 to be tested is detachably connected to the column assembly 30, and the ram assembly 40 is slidably connected to the beam 20 to be tested. The first hook 56 is connected to the first hook ring 43, the second hook 66 is connected to the second hook ring 44, and the third hook 76 is connected to the third hook ring 45.

[0060] The first loading cylinder 55 is controlled to load a predetermined pulling force to simulate the gravity of the beam slide, the ram, the motor, the spindle, and the peripheral sheet metal parts.

[0061] The second loading cylinder 65 is controlled to load a predetermined pulling force or pushing force to simulate the cutting force generated in the front-rear direction. The third loading cylinder 75 is controlled to load a predetermined pulling force or pushing force to simulate the cutting force generated in the left-right direction.

[0062] When the simulated slide assembly 40 slides at different positions of the beam 20 to be tested, the first loading cylinder 55, the second loading cylinder 65, and the third loading cylinder 75 are controlled to act respectively, and the deformation measurement unit measures the deformation amount in real time to obtain the maximum deformation position and deformation amount of the beam, thereby determining the actual performance parameters of the beam.

[0063] During loading, different loading cylinders can be activated according to different test conditions.

[0064] For example, simulating no cutting force, that is, when the machine tool is not performing cutting processing, the deformation of the movable crossbeam is examined. At this time, only the first loading cylinder 55 is actuated, and the second loading cylinder 65 and the third loading cylinder 75 are not working.

[0065] For another example, when the tool is subjected to cutting force in the front-rear direction, the deformation of the movable crossbeam is examined. At this time, the first loading cylinder 55 and the second loading cylinder 65 are actuated, and the third loading cylinder 75 is not operated.

[0066] The above system is used to simulate the sliding of the ram at different positions of the beam to be tested, so that the first loading cylinder, the second loading cylinder, and the third loading cylinder are activated, and the deformation measurement unit measures the deformation in real time to obtain the maximum deformation position and deformation amount of the beam, thereby determining the actual performance parameters of the beam. The measured deformation data is used to establish a mathematical model for the optimal evaluation of machine tool structural parts, and the best solution is selected by calculation. Alternatively, the beam produced by the best solution is tested to verify whether the produced beam to be tested meets the predetermined performance parameters.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device, characterized in that: include: A column assembly (30) for supporting the beam to be tested; a first guide rail assembly for achieving movement and guidance of the column assembly (30); A ram gravity loading unit (50) connected to the bottom of the ram assembly to apply gravity to the ram assembly, the ram assembly being slidably connected to a side surface of the crossbeam to be measured via a second guide rail assembly; A first cutting force loading unit (60) connected to the ram assembly to apply a horizontal push-pull force parallel to the axis of the beam to be measured to the ram assembly; A second cutting force loading unit (70) connected to the ram assembly to apply a horizontal push-pull force perpendicular to the axis of the beam to be measured to the ram assembly; A deformation measuring unit is used to detect the deformation amount of the beam to be measured.

2. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ram gravity loading unit (50) comprises a first slide rail (51), a first mounting plate (52) slidably mounted on the first slide rail (51), a second slide rail (53) arranged on the first mounting plate (52), a second mounting plate (54) slidably mounted on the second slide rail (53), a first loading cylinder (55) fixed on the second mounting plate (54), and a first hook (56) fixed on the first loading cylinder (55), wherein the first slide rail (51) is perpendicular to the second slide rail (53).

3. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cutting force loading unit (60) comprises a third slide rail (61), a support body slidably mounted on the third slide rail (61), a fourth slide rail (63) arranged on the support body, a third mounting plate (64) slidably mounted on the fourth slide rail (63), a second loading cylinder (65) fixed on the third mounting plate (64), and a second hook (66) fixed on the second loading cylinder (65).

4. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third slide rail (61) comprises two parallel rails arranged in parallel. The support body comprises a slide plate (621) slidably connected to two rails, a support column (622) vertically fixed to the slide plate (621), and a reinforcing rib (623) connected between the slide plate (621) and the support column (622).

5. The gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cutting force loading unit (70) comprises a fifth slide rail (71), a fifth mounting plate (72) slidably mounted on the fifth slide rail (71), a sixth slide rail (73) arranged on the fifth mounting plate (72), a sixth mounting plate (74) slidably mounted on the sixth slide rail (73), a third loading cylinder (75) fixed on the sixth mounting plate (74), and a third hook (76) fixed on the third loading cylinder (75).

6. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation measurement unit comprises a plurality of rows of fiber grating strain sensors (80) arranged on the surface of the crossbeam to be measured.

7. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation measurement unit comprises three rows of fiber grating strain sensors (80).

8. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing system, characterized in that: include: A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; A crossbeam to be tested mounted on the column assembly (30); A second guide rail assembly disposed on one side of the crossbeam to be tested; A ram assembly (40) is mounted on the second guide rail assembly.

9. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second guide rail assembly comprises: Two L-shaped ridges (24) for mounting the ram assembly and arranged parallel to the axis of the beam to be tested; A rack (23) is arranged on the L-shaped convex ridge (24).

10. A gantry machine tool crossbeam performance testing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ram assembly comprises: A connecting plate (41) slidably connected to the L-shaped ridge; a gear (411) meshing with the rack (23); a motor (412) fixed on the connecting plate (41) and used for driving the gear (411) to rotate; A pillow rod fixed on the connecting plate (41); A first hook (43) connected to the pillow rod and used for connecting with the first buckle (56); A second hook (44) connected to the pillow rod for connecting with a second buckle (66); A third hook (45) connected to the pillow rod for connecting with a third buckle hook (76).

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