Test device for simulating rainfall infiltration of goaf tunnel

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of goaf tunnel rainfall equipment, and particularly relates to a test device for simulating rainfall infiltration of a goaf tunnel. Comprising a model box system used for simulating a goaf; the rainfall simulation system comprises spraying equipment and a water supply system, the spraying equipment is mounted above the model box system, and the water supply system supplies water to the spraying equipment; and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring various parameters in the model box system during rainfall simulation. According to the utility model, the magnitude and speed of rainfall can be controlled in real time through the flowmeter and the ball valve, and the uniformity of rainfall can be ensured through the spraying shower head, so that the effect of uniformly distributing moisture in a rock-soil body is achieved; and by prefabricating tunnel and goaf models, the size of the repeated test can be unified, and the influence of multiple variables on the test result is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rainwater equipment for tunnels in goaf areas, in particular to a test device for simulating rainwater infiltration in tunnels in goaf areas. Background Art

[0002] Goaf refers to the "cavities" below the surface of the earth where underground mineral resources are excavated by humans or by natural geological movements. When a tunnel has passed through a goaf or there is a hidden goaf, due to the hidden location of the goaf, the non-uniform filling conditions, and the poor distribution pattern, water will accumulate in the goaf when it rains, affecting the seepage environment of the rock and soil around the tunnel. Once the goaf collapses, the water pressure on the tunnel lining will increase significantly, causing the lining structure of the operating tunnel to be damaged, the tunnel contour to invade the boundary, the arch sinking or the arch wall to collapse, and the tunnel to leak water, affecting the normal use of the tunnel.

[0003] At present, most of the indoor simulations of goaf tunnels focus on the pressure conditions, and there are few studies on rainfall infiltration in the physical model of goaf tunnels. In addition, rainfall simulation generally adopts artificial sprinkling or direct water injection, which cannot well control the uniformity of rainfall, resulting in large deviations in test results. Moreover, most of the existing model tunnel devices are designed for a single test condition, and cannot simulate the actual situation of the tunnel under the superposition of multiple conditions, which has great limitations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model provides a test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel in order to solve the problem of compensating for the existing method and manner of performing rainfall infiltration on a physical model of a goaf tunnel.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a tunnel in a goaf area, comprising:

[0006] Model box system, used to simulate goaf areas;

[0007] A rainfall simulation system, wherein the rainfall simulation system comprises a sprinkler device and a water supply system, wherein the sprinkler device is installed above the model box system, and the water supply system supplies water to the sprinkler device;

[0008] The data acquisition system is used to collect various parameters in the model box system when simulating rainfall.

[0009] In some embodiments, the model box system includes a model box, in which a tunnel model and a goaf model are arranged.

[0010] In some embodiments, the model box is surrounded by a front large side panel, a rear large side panel, a left side panel, a right side panel and a bottom panel. A wire filter is arranged at the lower part of the model box, and a drainage outlet is arranged on the bottom panel.

[0011] In some embodiments, openings are provided on the front large surface side panels and the rear large surface side panels.

[0012] In some embodiments, the spraying equipment includes a spray shower disposed above the model box system, and the spray shower is connected to the water supply system through a water pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the water supply system includes a water pump connected to one end of the water pipe, and a flow meter, a ball valve, and a water stop valve installed on the water pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, the size of the shower head is the same as the inner size of the model box, and a plurality of nozzles are evenly arranged at the bottom of the shower head, and the outlets of the nozzles are in the shape of small holes.

[0015] In some embodiments, the nozzle is made of rubber material and connected to the lower end of the shower tray through a clamping joint. The diameter of the water inlet hole inside the nozzle is 3 mm, the diameter of the water outlet hole is 1 mm, and the diameter of the two holes gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0016] In some embodiments, the data acquisition system includes a pore water pressure gauge, an earth pressure cell, a digital dial indicator, a resistance strain gauge, and a strain acquisition instrument;

[0017] The pore water pressure gauge is arranged on the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the goaf model and the tunnel model;

[0018] The earth pressure cell, digital display dial gauge and resistance strain gauge are arranged on the outer contour line of the tunnel, and 5 measuring points are arranged on each section;

[0019] The pore water pressure gauge, soil pressure box, digital micrometer and resistance strain gauge are all connected to the strain acquisition instrument.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The utility model can control the amount and speed of rainfall in real time through the flow meter and the ball valve, and can ensure the uniformity of rainfall through the spray shower, so as to achieve the effect of uniform distribution of moisture in the rock and soil; it can also unify the size of repeated tests through prefabricated tunnels and goaf models, and reduce the influence of multiple variables on the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a partial schematic diagram of the rainfall simulation system of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the model box of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the measurement point layout diagram;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the overall schematic diagram of the test device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spray shower head of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle of the utility model;

[0028] Markings in the figure: 1-spray shower head, 2-water pipe, 3-flow meter, 4-ball valve, 5-water stop valve, 6-water tank, 7-water pump, 8-rear large side panel, 9-right side panel, 10-front large side panel, 11-left side panel, 12-bottom plate, 13-pull rod, 14-wire filter, 15-drain outlet, 16-support, 17-goaf model, 18-tunnel model, 19-tunnel surrounding rock material, 20-data acquisition instrument, 21-pore water pressure gauge, 22-resistance strain gauge, 23-sprinkler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the rainfall simulation system includes a rainfall system and a water supply system. The water tank 6 in the water supply system is used to hold water for simulating rainfall. The water pump 7 is used to pressurize the water in the water tank 6 to the shower head 1 for rainfall simulation. The rainfall system includes a shower head 1, a water guide pipe 2, a flow meter 3, a ball valve 4 and a water stop valve 5. The upper end of the water guide pipe 2 is connected to the shower head 1, and the flow meter 2, the ball valve 4 and the water stop valve 5 are installed in the middle from top to bottom, and the lower end is connected to the water pump 7.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the model box is composed of a rectangular box structure consisting of a front large side plate 10 with openings, a rear large side plate 8 with openings, a left side plate 11, a right side plate 9 and a bottom plate 12. A wire filter 14 is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular box structure, and a goaf model 17 and a tunnel model 18 are arranged in the model box, and tunnel surrounding rock materials 19 are filled around the goaf model 17 and the tunnel model 18. A plurality of supports 16 are arranged at the bottom of the model box for supporting the model box.

[0033] In order to facilitate the observation of the changes in the model during the test, each plate is made of a 12mm thick transparent PVC plate; to ensure that the model box can withstand the pressure of the soil, the overall frame and the tie rod 12 are welded from high-strength steel. In order to ensure that the water in the rock mass can flow out evenly when it seeps to the bottom, a layer of steel wire filter 14 is added 5cm above the bottom plate, and a drain port 15 is installed on the bottom plate to facilitate the timely discharge of the seepage water out of the box.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the data acquisition system includes a pore water pressure gauge 21, an earth pressure box, a digital display micrometer, a resistance strain gauge 22 and a strain acquisition instrument 20. The pore water pressure gauge 21 is used to measure the water pressure value of the lining structure, and it needs to be arranged on the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the goaf model 17 and the tunnel model 18; the earth pressure box, the digital display micrometer and the resistance strain gauge 22 are arranged on the outer contour line of the tunnel model 18, and 5 measuring points are arranged on each section. Finally, all components are connected to the high-speed strain gauge 20 to collect the stress and strain data of the lining structure using a computer, and the real-time data is uploaded to the cloud platform through the network module, which can realize real-time uninterrupted dynamic monitoring and real-time recording.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the spray equipment is installed on the upper part of the model box, and the water supply system is placed next to the box. The spray equipment uses the advantage of the even watering of the shower head 1 to simulate natural rainfall, allowing water to naturally seep into the soil, making the test closer to the actual situation. During the entire simulated rainfall process, in order to better explore the impact of the existence of the goaf on the tunnel, the position and angle of the prefabricated goaf model in the model box can be changed to simulate the impact of rainfall on the tunnel lining structure under different working conditions. By making molds for the goaf and the tunnel, the size of the goaf and tunnel models in each test can be unified, reducing the impact of multiple variables on the test results.

[0036] The traditional way to simulate rainfall is to use a nozzle to spray water into a mist for testing. In reality, rainfall in nature is in the form of beams. Therefore, in order to better simulate rainfall in nature, a special spray shower will be used in the test. A water pump will be used to pump water into the shower to form a water column to simulate rainfall. Figure 5As shown, the positions of the shower heads in this device are evenly distributed and are in the shape of small holes, which can make the water flow evenly to each nozzle inside the shower head, and evenly flow out from the nozzle under the action of water pressure to meet the test requirements for the uniformity of rainfall on the surrounding rock soil; in order to meet the model test as close as possible to the actual situation, the surface of the test soil should be completely and evenly eroded by rainwater, and the spray shower is set as a rectangular structure, and the size is the same as the internal size of the model box, that is, length × width: 120cm × 60cm. The shower head of this device can ensure that the amount of water distributed by each spray hole is basically the same; and the water discharge effect of the shower head has a certain impact force, which can well simulate the scouring force of rainwater during heavy rainfall in nature, so that the test results are more in line with the actual situation.

[0037] Among them, Figure 6 As shown, the nozzle is made of rubber material and is connected to the lower end of the shower plate through a clamping joint. The diameter of the water inlet hole inside the nozzle is 3mm, and the diameter of the water outlet hole is 1mm. The diameter of the two holes gradually decreases from top to bottom. This arrangement allows the water to flow out of the nozzle in a beam shape. During normal operation, the ball valve can be adjusted to control the water inlet of the entire device, thereby adjusting the water pressure inside the nozzle. Under different water pressure conditions, the flow rate and flow rate of water in the nozzle are also different. Therefore, it can better simulate the impact of different rainfall amounts on the test.

[0038] The utility model has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can achieve the purpose of simulating the seepage path of the rock and soil body around the tunnel and the water pressure of the tunnel lining structure under different rainfall conditions and different goaf conditions; the prefabricated models of the tunnel and the goaf are used to reduce the influence of multiple variables on the test; the flow meter and the ball valve can effectively control the effect of rainfall per unit time.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a tunnel in a goaf area, characterized in that: include: Model box system, used to simulate goaf areas; A rainfall simulation system, wherein the rainfall simulation system comprises a sprinkler device and a water supply system, wherein the sprinkler device is installed above the model box system, and the water supply system supplies water to the sprinkler device; The data acquisition system is used to collect various parameters in the model box system when simulating rainfall.

2. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The model box system comprises a model box, in which a tunnel model and a goaf model are arranged.

3. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The model box is surrounded by a front large side plate, a rear large side plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a bottom plate. A steel wire filter is arranged at the lower part of the model box, and a drainage port is arranged on the bottom plate.

4. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The front large surface side plate and the rear large surface side plate are provided with openings.

5. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying equipment includes a spraying shower arranged above the model box system, and the spraying shower is connected to the water supply system through a water pipe.

6. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water supply system comprises a water pump connected to one end of a water pipe, and a flow meter, a ball valve and a water stop valve installed on the water pipe.

7. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The size of the spray shower is the same as the inner size of the model box. A plurality of spray heads are evenly arranged at the bottom of the spray shower, and the outlets of the spray heads are in the shape of small holes.

8. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spray head is made of rubber material and connected to the lower end of the shower tray through a clamping joint. The diameter of the water inlet hole inside the spray head is 3mm, the diameter of the water outlet hole is 1mm, and the diameter of the two holes gradually decreases from top to bottom.

9. The test device for simulating rainfall infiltration in a goaf tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a pore water pressure gauge, an earth pressure box, a digital micrometer, a resistance strain gauge and a strain acquisition instrument; The pore water pressure gauge is arranged on the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the goaf model and the tunnel model; The earth pressure cell, digital display dial gauge and resistance strain gauge are arranged on the outer contour line of the tunnel, and 5 measuring points are arranged on each section; The pore water pressure gauge, soil pressure box, digital micrometer and resistance strain gauge are all connected to the strain acquisition instrument.

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