Oil storage spraying device for Millikan oil drop instrument

Abstract

The utility model relates to an oil storage spraying device for a Millikan oil drop instrument, which belongs to the technical field of Millikan oil drop instruments and comprises a bottom plate, a windshield is fixed on the right side of the bottom plate, a lower polar plate is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate, and upper polar plates are arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper side of the lower polar plate. A connecting plate is arranged on the upper side of the upper polar plate, and a lighting mechanism is arranged at the right end of the upper surface of the bottom plate; and the lighting mechanism comprises a fixed seat fixed at the right end of the upper surface of the bottom plate. According to the oil storage spraying device for the Millikan oil drop instrument, a high-brightness light-emitting diode provides illumination for the oil drop chamber through a light inlet hole, an imaging system captures an image of oil drops through an observation hole, and the angle of the high-brightness light-emitting diode can be adjusted through an arranged illumination mechanism, so that illumination can be provided for each angle of an inner cavity of the oil drop chamber; people can conveniently observe different heights of oil drops entering the oil drop chamber, and observation comprehensiveness is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of Millikan oil drop meter, in particular to an oil storage spray device used for the Millikan oil drop meter. Background Art

[0002] The Millikan oil drop apparatus is a device used in basic physics teaching experiments. It is mainly used to verify the discontinuity of charge and measure the amount of electron charge. The instrument verifies the discontinuity of charge and accurately measures the value of the basic charge by measuring the characteristics of the movement of charged oil droplets in gravitational and electrostatic fields.

[0003] The illumination system of the Millikan oil drop instrument is designed to provide stable and uniform illumination so as to clearly observe the movement of the oil droplets. The illumination device of the oil drop instrument usually includes an LED lamp or a low-pressure mercury lamp. These light sources provide the necessary illumination to make the oil droplets visible under a microscope. However, the position angle of these light sources is usually fixed, and the position angle of the light source cannot be adjusted according to the needs to observe the movement trajectory of the oil droplets at various heights, which has limitations in use. Therefore, an oil storage spray device for the Millikan oil drop instrument is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet instrument, which has the advantages of being able to adjust the angle of illumination, etc., and solves the problem that the illumination device of the oil droplet instrument usually includes an LED lamp or a low-pressure mercury lamp, which provides the necessary illumination to make the oil droplets visible under a microscope, but the position angle of these light sources is usually fixed, and the position angle of the light source cannot be adjusted according to demand to observe the movement trajectory of the oil droplets at various heights, thereby having limitations in use.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil drop meter, comprising a base plate, a wind shield is fixed to the right side of the base plate, a lower electrode plate is fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the base plate, upper electrodes are provided at both left and right ends of the upper side of the lower electrode plate, a connecting plate is provided on the upper side of the upper electrode plate, a lighting mechanism is provided at the right end of the upper surface of the base plate, and a spray mechanism is provided on the upper side of the connecting plate.

[0006] The lighting mechanism includes a fixing seat fixed to the right end of the upper surface of the base plate, a supporting plate is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing seat, the right side of the supporting plate is hingedly connected to a mounting frame via a hinge seat, a condenser is fixed to the inner cavity of the mounting frame, a high-brightness light-emitting diode is provided in the inner cavity of the condenser, a positioning frame is fixed to the top of the front of the supporting plate, a lead screw is rotatably connected to the side opposite to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the positioning frame via a bearing, a movable block is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw, a tooth plate is fixed to the right side of the movable block, and a rotating gear is rotatably connected to the front of the hinge seat via a bearing, and the tooth plate is meshingly connected to the rotating gear.

[0007] Furthermore, bakelite rings are provided at the left and right ends between the opposite sides of the lower electrode plate and the upper electrode plate, an observation hole is provided on the left side of the bakelite ring at the left end, the cross-sectional shape of the upper electrode plate is trapezoidal, and an oil inlet hole is provided on the opposite side of the two upper electrode plates.

[0008] Furthermore, a shaft rod is fixed on the front side of the rotating shaft in the hinge seat, and the front side of the shaft rod passes through the hinge seat and extends to the front side of the hinge seat and is fixed to the rotating gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper surface of the screw rod passes through and extends to the upper side of the positioning frame, a slide groove is opened on the right side of the inner wall of the positioning frame, a slider is fixed on the back of the movable block, and the slider performs horizontal linear motion in the inner cavity of the slide groove.

[0010] Furthermore, an upper plate compression spring is provided on the upper surface of the upper plate at the left end, and a light inlet hole is opened on the right side of the bakelite ring at the right end.

[0011] Furthermore, the spray mechanism includes an oil drop box arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate, an oil outlet hole is opened on the lower surface of the oil drop box, an oil intake switch is fixed on the lower surface of the oil outlet hole, a buffer plate is provided on one side of the oil drop box, an oil storage tank is provided at the bottom of one side of the oil drop box, an oil guide pipe is provided on one side of the oil storage tank, and an air inlet nozzle is provided on the right side of the oil drop box.

[0012] Furthermore, a dust cover is provided on the upper side of the oil drop box, a through hole is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the connecting plate, the lower surface of the oil inlet switch is connected to the through hole, and the through hole is located just above the oil inlet hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the oil storage spray device for the Millikan oil droplet meter, a high-brightness light-emitting diode provides illumination to the oil droplet chamber through a light inlet hole, and an imaging system captures images of the oil droplets through an observation hole. The angle of the high-brightness light-emitting diode can be adjusted by a set illumination mechanism, so that illumination can be provided at various angles of the inner cavity of the oil droplet chamber, making it convenient for personnel to observe different heights of the oil droplets entering the oil droplet chamber, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the observation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lighting mechanism structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning frame of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spray mechanism structure of the utility model.

[0019] In the figure: 1 bottom plate, 2 wind shield, 3 lower pole plate, 4 upper pole plate, 5 connecting plate, 6 lighting mechanism, 601 fixing seat, 602 supporting plate, 603 mounting frame, 604 condenser, 605 high brightness light emitting diode, 606 positioning frame, 607 screw rod, 608 movable block, 609 tooth plate, 610 rotating gear, 7 spray mechanism, 701 oil drop box, 702 oil outlet, 703 oil inlet switch, 704 buffer plate, 705 oil storage tank, 706 oil guide pipe, 707 air inlet nozzle, 8 oil inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0021] See also Figure 1 In this embodiment, an oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter includes a bottom plate 1, a wind shield 2 is fixed to the right side of the bottom plate 1, and the wind shield 2 can prevent the influence of external air flow on the oil droplets. A lower electrode plate 3 is fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, and upper electrodes 4 are arranged at both left and right ends of the upper side of the lower electrode plate 3. A connecting plate 5 is arranged on the upper side of the upper electrode plate 4. A lighting mechanism 6 is arranged at the right end of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, and a spray mechanism 7 is arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate 5.

[0022] Among them, bakelite rings are provided at the left and right ends between the opposite sides of the lower electrode plate 3 and the upper electrode plate 4, an observation hole is opened on the left side of the left end bakelite ring, and a light inlet hole is opened on the right side of the right end bakelite ring. The cross-sectional shape of the upper electrode plate 4 is trapezoidal, and an oil inlet hole 8 is opened on the opposite side of the two upper electrode plates 4, and an upper electrode plate compression spring is provided on the upper surface of the left end upper electrode plate 4.

[0023] In addition, the oil drop chamber (the space formed by the lower electrode 3 and the upper electrode 4) is supported by a bakelite ring between the upper and lower electrodes 3. After mechanical finishing, the non-parallelism and spacing errors between the electrodes can be controlled below 0.01mm. This structure basically eliminates the "barrier effect" and "edge effect" between the electrodes, and better ensures that the oil drop chamber is in a uniform electric field, thereby effectively reducing the experimental error.

[0024] See also Figures 2 to 3 In order to observe the image of the oil droplets, the lighting mechanism 6 in this embodiment includes a fixing seat 601 fixed to the right end of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, a support plate 602 is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing seat 601, a mounting frame 603 is hingedly connected to the right side of the supporting plate 602 through a hinge seat, a condenser 604 is fixed to the inner cavity of the mounting frame 603, a high-brightness light-emitting diode 605 is provided in the inner cavity of the condenser 604, the light source provides illumination to the oil drop chamber (the space formed by the lower electrode plate 3 and the upper electrode plate 4) through the light inlet hole, and the imaging system captures the image of the oil droplets through the observation hole, and the illumination is provided by the high-brightness light-emitting diode 605 with condenser, a positioning frame 606 is fixed to the top of the front side of the supporting plate 602, a screw rod 607 is rotatably connected between the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the positioning frame 606 through a bearing, and the screw rod The outer surface of 607 is threadedly connected with a movable block 608. By rotating the screw rod 607, the rotation of the screw rod 607 causes the movable block 608 threadedly connected on its surface to move upward or downward. A tooth plate 609 is fixed to the right side of the movable block 608. The front side of the hinge seat is rotatably connected with a rotating gear 610 through a bearing. The tooth plate 609 and the rotating gear 610 are meshed and connected. The movement of the movable block 608 drives the tooth plate 609 to rise or fall. The movement of the tooth plate 609 also causes the rotating gear 610 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating gear 610 causes the shaft rod in the hinge seat to rotate, thereby changing the angle of the mounting frame 603, thereby driving the focus cover 604 and the highlight light emitting diode 605 to rotate, and the angle of the highlight light emitting diode 605 can be adjusted to a suitable angle for observation.

[0025] Among them, a shaft is fixed on the front side of the rotating shaft in the hinge seat, the front side of the shaft passes through the hinge seat and extends to the front side of the hinge seat and is fixed to the rotating gear 610, the upper surface of the screw rod 607 passes through and extends to the upper side of the positioning frame 606, a slide groove is opened on the right side of the inner wall of the positioning frame 606, a slider is fixed on the back side of the movable block 608, the slider makes horizontal linear motion in the inner cavity of the slide groove, and when the movable block 608 moves, the slider fixed on the back side moves in the inner cavity of the slide groove, which can limit the movement of the movable block 608 so that the movable block 608 can only make linear motion.

[0026] It should be noted that the angle of the high brightness LED 605 can be adjusted to provide illumination at various angles of the inner cavity of the oil droplet chamber, making it easier for personnel to observe the different heights of the oil droplets entering the oil droplet chamber, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the observation.

[0027] See also Figure 4 The spray mechanism 7 in this embodiment includes an oil drop box 701 arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate 5, an oil outlet hole 702 is opened on the lower surface of the oil drop box 701, an oil inlet switch 703 is fixed on the lower surface of the oil outlet hole 702, and the oil inlet switch 703 in the middle of the upper and lower layers of the oil drop box can control the amount of oil falling, a buffer plate 704 is provided on one side of the oil drop box 701, an oil storage tank 705 is provided at the bottom of one side of the oil drop box 701, and an oil guide pipe 706 is provided on one side of the oil storage tank 705, the upper end of the oil guide pipe 706 is close to the air inlet pipe, and the lower end is immersed in the oil in the oil storage tank 705. Blowing air from the air inlet nozzle 707 with an air bag will reduce the air pressure at the upper end of the oil guide pipe 706, and the oil is sucked from the lower end of the oil guide pipe 706, and is atomized under the influence of the air flow when flowing out of the upper end, and the air inlet nozzle 707 is provided on the right side of the oil drop box 701.

[0028] Among them, a dust cover is provided on the upper side of the oil drop box 701, a through hole is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the connecting plate 5, the lower surface of the oil inlet switch 703 is connected to the through hole, and the through hole is located just above the oil inlet hole 8.

[0029] In this embodiment, after being blocked by the buffer plate 704, small and light mist oil droplets will diffuse in the entire atomization chamber under the influence of airflow, and larger oil droplets can condense on the surface of the buffer plate 704 and flow back to the oil storage tank 705. The oil mist after diffusing to the buffer plate can enter the lower oil drop chamber through the oil outlet hole 702. The outer periphery of the oil outlet hole 702 is provided with a step to prevent the condensed and refluxed oil from overflowing into the oil outlet hole 702.

[0030] The working principle of the above embodiment is:

[0031] (1) The light source provides illumination to the oil drop chamber through the light inlet, while the imaging system captures the image of the oil drop through the observation hole. The illumination is provided by the high-brightness LED 605 with a focusing light. When adjusting the angle of the high-brightness LED 605, the screw rod 607 can be rotated. The rotation of the screw rod 607 causes the movable block 608 threadedly connected to its surface to move upward or downward. When the movable block 608 moves, the slider fixed on the back of the movable block moves in the inner cavity of the slide groove, which can limit the movement of the movable block 608. The movement of the movable block 608 drives the tooth plate 609 to rise or fall. When the tooth plate 609 moves, the rotating gear 610 rotates. The rotation of the rotating gear 610 causes the shaft rod in the hinge seat to rotate, thereby changing the angle of the mounting frame 603, thereby driving the focusing cover 604 and the high-brightness LED 605 to rotate. The angle of the high-brightness LED 605 can be adjusted to a suitable angle for observation.

[0032] (2) In the atomizing chamber, the upper end of the oil guide tube 706 is close to the air inlet pipe, and the lower end is immersed in the oil in the oil storage tank 705. Blowing air from the air inlet nozzle 707 with an air bag will reduce the air pressure at the upper end of the oil guide tube 706, and the oil is sucked in from the lower end of the oil guide tube 706, and is atomized by the air flow when flowing out of the upper end. After being blocked by the buffer plate 704, small and light mist oil droplets will diffuse in the entire atomizing chamber under the influence of the air flow. Larger oil droplets can condense on the surface of the buffer plate 704 and flow back to the oil storage tank 705. The oil mist diffused to the buffer plate can enter the lower oil drop chamber through the oil outlet hole 702. The outer periphery of the oil outlet hole 702 is provided with a step to prevent the condensed and refluxed oil from overflowing into the oil outlet hole 702.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: A wind shield (2) is fixed to the right side of the bottom plate (1), a lower electrode plate (3) is fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), upper electrodes (4) are provided at both left and right ends of the upper side of the lower electrode plate (3), a connecting plate (5) is provided on the upper side of the upper electrode plate (4), a lighting mechanism (6) is provided at the right end of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), and a spray mechanism (7) is provided on the upper side of the connecting plate (5); The lighting mechanism (6) comprises a fixing seat (601) fixed to the right end of the upper surface of the base plate (1); a supporting plate (602) is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing seat (601); the right side of the supporting plate (602) is hingedly connected to a mounting frame (603) via a hinge seat; a condenser (604) is fixed to the inner cavity of the mounting frame (603); a high-brightness light-emitting diode (605) is provided in the inner cavity of the condenser (604); a positioning frame (606) is fixed to the top of the front of the supporting plate (602); a lead screw (607) is rotatably connected to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the positioning frame (606) via a bearing; a movable block (608) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw (607); a tooth plate (609) is fixed to the right side of the movable block (608); a rotating gear (610) is rotatably connected to the front of the hinge seat via a bearing; the tooth plate (609) and the rotating gear (610) are meshingly connected.

2. The oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bakelite rings are provided at the left and right ends between the lower electrode plate (3) and the upper electrode plate (4) on the opposite side, and an observation hole is provided on the left side of the left end of the bakelite ring. The cross-sectional shape of the upper electrode plate (4) is a trapezoid, and an oil inlet hole (8) is provided on the opposite side of the two upper electrode plates (4).

3. The oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft is fixed on the front side of the rotating shaft in the hinge seat, and the front side of the shaft passes through the hinge seat and extends to the front side of the hinge seat and is fixed to the rotating gear (610).

4. The oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the screw rod (607) passes through and extends to the upper side of the positioning frame (606), a slide groove is provided on the right side of the inner wall of the positioning frame (606), a slider is fixed on the back side of the movable block (608), and the slider performs horizontal linear motion in the inner cavity of the slide groove.

5. The oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper plate compression spring is provided on the upper surface of the upper plate (4) at the left end, and a light inlet hole is provided on the right side of the bakelite ring at the right end.

6. The oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spray mechanism (7) comprises an oil drop box (701) arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate (5); an oil outlet hole (702) is provided on the lower surface of the oil drop box (701); an oil inlet switch (703) is fixed on the lower surface of the oil outlet hole (702); a buffer plate (704) is provided on one side of the oil drop box (701); an oil storage tank (705) is provided at the bottom of one side of the oil drop box (701); an oil guide pipe (706) is provided on one side of the oil storage tank (705); and an air inlet nozzle (707) is provided on the right side of the oil drop box (701).

7. The oil storage spray device for a Millikan oil droplet meter according to claim 6, characterized in that: A dust cover is provided on the upper side of the oil drop box (701), a through hole is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the connecting plate (5), the lower surface of the oil inlet switch (703) is connected to the through hole, and the through hole is located directly above the oil inlet hole (8).

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