Knee joint surgical instrument and kit thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a knee joint surgical instrument and a kit thereof. The knee joint surgical instrument comprises a meniscus test mold, a tibia support test mold and an adjusting component. The meniscus test mold can be installed on the tibia support test mold in a reciprocating motion mode in the first direction, the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the meniscus test mold, and a first articular surface is arranged on the side, away from the tibia support test mold, of the meniscus test mold in the first direction; the adjusting part is mounted on the meniscus test mold and / or the tibia support test mold and used for driving the meniscus test mold to reciprocate in the first direction so as to adjust the distance from the first articular surface to the tibia support test mold. According to the knee joint surgical instrument, the knee joint replacement surgery can be more convenient and faster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular, relates to a knee joint surgical instrument and a kit thereof. Background Art

[0002] During knee replacement surgery, after the tibia and femur osteotomy is completed, the doctor needs to insert a trial mold corresponding to the prosthesis into the knee joint for testing to determine the appropriate specifications and thickness of the prosthesis.

[0003] In the related art, doctors need to combine at least two trial molds of different types and then insert them into the knee joint for testing. If the thickness of the trial mold is not appropriate, the trial mold will be removed and a similar trial mold of another thickness will be inserted to continue testing. This makes the operation of knee replacement surgery too cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a knee joint surgical instrument and a kit thereof to improve the convenience of knee joint replacement surgery.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a knee joint surgical instrument, including a meniscus trial mold, a tibial tray trial mold, and an adjustment component;

[0006] The meniscus trial mold can be reciprocally mounted on the tibial tray trial mold along a first direction, the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the meniscus trial mold, and a first joint surface is provided on a side of the meniscus trial mold away from the tibial tray trial mold along the first direction, and the first joint surface is used to support the joint surface of the femur, femoral prosthesis or femoral trial mold;

[0007] The adjusting component is mounted on the meniscus trial mold and / or the tibial tray trial mold, and the adjusting component is used to drive the meniscus trial mold to reciprocate along the first direction to adjust the distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a knee joint surgery instrument kit, including:

[0009] A knee surgical instrument as described in any of the above;

[0010] a first surgical instrument detachably connected to the knee joint surgical instrument, so that a user can insert the knee joint surgical instrument into the knee joint or remove the knee joint surgical instrument from the knee joint through the first surgical instrument; and

[0011] The second surgical instrument is detachably connected to the knee joint surgical instrument so that the user can drive the adjusting component through the second surgical instrument.

[0012] During knee replacement surgery, after the osteotomy of the tibia and femur is completed, users such as doctors can simultaneously insert the meniscus trial mold and the tibial tray trial mold into the knee joint; then, without removing the knee joint surgical instrument from the knee joint, the user can adjust the distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold through the adjustment component, and the calf of the patient with the knee joint surgical instrument inserted can be rotated between the flexion position and the extension position, thereby facilitating the user to determine the appropriate distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold; finally, the user can determine the appropriate thickness or specification of the meniscus prosthesis based on the appropriate distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold. It can be seen from this that, compared with constantly inserting or removing meniscus trial molds of different specifications from the patient's knee joint, the embodiments of the present application can make knee replacement surgery more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The technical solution and beneficial effects of the present application will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a knee joint surgical instrument provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view of knee surgical instruments shown.

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the knee joint surgical instrument adjusted to another state.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first limiting structure of a knee joint surgical instrument is shown.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a second limiting structure of a knee joint surgical instrument is shown.

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the knee joint surgical instrument along the AA direction is shown.

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The knee joint surgical instrument shown is a cross-sectional view along the AA direction after another eccentric piece is provided.

[0021] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a disassembly scenario of a knee surgical instrument is shown.

[0022] Fig. 9 for Figure 6A schematic structural diagram of the eccentric member of the knee joint surgical instrument.

[0023] Fig.10 for Figure 3 A stereoscopic image of the knee surgical instrument from another perspective.

[0024] Fig.11 for Figure 3 Bottom view of knee surgical instrument shown.

[0025] Fig.12 for Figure 1 An exploded view of some parts of the knee joint surgical instrument.

[0026] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the knee joint surgical instrument kit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] The numbers in the figure are:

[0028] 100. Meniscus test mold;

[0029] 11. first joint surface; 111. first sub-joint surface; 112. second sub-joint surface; 12. transmission part; 121. second eccentric structure; 122. disassembly hole; 123. first weight-reducing hole; 13. column; 14. second avoidance groove; 15. second guide structure;

[0030] 200. Tibial tray trial model;

[0031] 21. first bottom surface; 22. first side wall; 23. first position limiting structure; 24. mounting hole; 241. step surface; 25. mounting groove; 26. first avoidance groove; 27. instrument hole; 28. first guide structure; 29. ​​first indication mark;

[0032] 300, adjusting components;

[0033] 31. Rotating member; 311. Second limiting structure; 312. Rotating body; 313. First transmission structure; 32. Elastic member; 33. Eccentric member; 331. First eccentric structure; 332. Main body; 333. Second transmission structure;

[0034] 400, First Surgical Instrument;

[0035] 500, second surgical instrument;

[0036] H1, first direction; H2, second direction; H3, direction of tibial tray test mold placed in knee joint; H4, direction of meniscus test mold placed in knee joint;

[0037] L1, the first axis; L2, the maximum length of the tibial tray trial mold; L3, the width of the tibial tray trial mold at the bottom wall of the first avoidance groove; L4, the maximum length of the meniscus trial mold; L5, the width of the tibial tray trial mold at the bottom wall of the second avoidance groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] In knee replacement surgery, after the tibia and femur are cut, the user, such as the surgeon, needs to insert a trial mold corresponding to the prosthesis into the patient's knee joint for testing, so as to determine the appropriate specifications and thickness of the prosthesis.

[0040] In the related art, the user needs to combine the tibial support mold and the meniscus mold and then insert them into the knee joint for testing. If the thickness of the meniscus mold is not appropriate, the meniscus mold is removed and another meniscus mold of another thickness is inserted to continue testing. Specifically, during the mold test, the patient's calf needs to be rotated between the flexed position and the extended position, wherein the flexed position can be the patient's calf rotated to an angle of about 90° with the thigh, and the extended position can be the patient's calf rotated to an angle of 130° to 140° with the thigh, and the mold can only be taken and placed when the patient's calf is rotated to the flexed position, which makes the operation of knee replacement surgery too cumbersome.

[0041] Based on this, please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a knee joint surgical instrument provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a knee joint surgical instrument, which may include a meniscus trial mold 100, a tibial tray trial mold 200 and an adjustment component 300.

[0042] The meniscus trial mold 100 can be reciprocally mounted on the tibial tray trial mold 200 along a first direction H1. The first direction H1 is parallel to the thickness direction of the meniscus trial mold 100. The meniscus trial mold 100 is provided with a first joint surface 11 on the side away from the tibial tray trial mold 200 along the first direction H1. The first joint surface 11 is used to support the joint surface of the femur, femoral prosthesis or femoral trial mold.

[0043] The adjusting component 300 is installed on the meniscus trial mold 100 and / or the tibial tray trial mold 200 . The adjusting component 300 is used to drive the meniscus trial mold 100 to move back and forth along the first direction H1 to adjust the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial tray trial mold 200 .

[0044] Therefore, during the knee replacement surgery, after the osteotomy of the tibia and femur is completed, the user, such as a doctor, can simultaneously insert the meniscus trial mold 100 and the tibial support trial mold 200 of the embodiment of the present application into the knee joint, so that the tibial support trial mold 200 is set on the tibia, and the first joint surface 11 of the meniscus trial mold 100 is matched with the joint surface of the femur, the femoral prosthesis or the femoral trial mold. Then, without removing the knee joint surgical instrument from the knee joint, the user can adjust the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200 through the adjustment component 300, and the lower leg of the patient with the knee joint surgical instrument inserted can be rotated between the flexion position and the extension position, thereby facilitating the user to determine the appropriate distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200. Finally, the user can determine the appropriate thickness or specification of the meniscus prosthesis based on the appropriate distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200. Therefore, compared with constantly inserting or removing meniscus trial molds 100 of different specifications in the patient's knee joint, the embodiment of the present application has the advantage of being more convenient to use.

[0045] The above is an overall description of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. The following is an example of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application in combination with some optional structures of the adjustment component.

[0046] The tibial tray trial mold 200 may include a first bottom surface 21 and a first side wall 22 . The first bottom surface 21 is located on the side of the tibial tray trial mold 200 away from the first joint surface 11 . The first side wall 22 is connected to the first bottom surface 21 and extends toward the first joint surface 11 . The adjustment component 300 is installed on the first side wall 22 .

[0047] Then, after the knee joint surgical instrument is inserted into the knee joint, the adjustment component arranged on the first side wall 22 can be oriented toward the outside of the knee joint to facilitate adjustment by the user.

[0048] In some embodiments, the adjustment component 300 may include a rotating member 31. The rotating member 31 is rotatably disposed on the tibial tray trial mold 200 around the first axis L1, and the rotating member 31 is also transmission-connected to the meniscus trial mold 100, so that the rotation of the rotating member 31 around the first axis L1 can drive the meniscus trial mold 100 to reciprocate along the first direction H1.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first axis L1 may be substantially perpendicular to the first direction H1.

[0050] It is understandable that the transmission connection between the rotating member 31 and the meniscus test mold 100 can be various. For example, the rotating member 31 can drive the meniscus test mold 100 to move along the first direction H1 through a bevel gear transmission structure, a connecting rod transmission structure, a cam transmission structure or an eccentric wheel transmission structure. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0051] In some embodiments, the rotating member 31 is at least partially exposed from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 so as to be driven to rotate by an external force, thereby facilitating adjustment by the user.

[0052] For example, one axial end of the rotating member 31 may be oriented toward the outside of the tibial tray trial mold 200 , so that the user can twist the rotating member 31 using an external instrument such as a first surgical instrument.

[0053] In some embodiments, the end of the rotating member 31 exposed from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 may be provided with a non-circular hole such as a straight hole, a cross hole, a plum blossom hole, a hexagonal hole, a pentagonal hole, etc., so that the rotating member 31 can be twisted after a screwdriver or a screwdriver is inserted into the non-circular hole.

[0054] It can also be understood that the end of the rotating member 31 exposed on the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 can be located in the hole or groove structure corresponding to the tibial tray trial mold 200 and is not blocked, and the end of the rotating member 31 exposed on the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 can also protrude from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0055] When one end of the rotating part 31 exposed from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 can also protrude from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200, the one end of the rotating part 31 exposed from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 can also be directly twisted by the user, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0056] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 1 In some embodiments, the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold 200 is provided with a first indicator mark 29, and the first indicator mark 29 is adjacent to the rotating member 31, so as to indicate the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial tray trial mold 200 and / or the thickness of the meniscus prosthesis corresponding to the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial tray trial mold 200.

[0057] When the first indicator mark 29 is used to indicate the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial tray trial mold 200, the user can obtain the appropriate distance parameter more simply and intuitively, and further conveniently select a meniscus prosthesis of appropriate thickness.

[0058] When the first indicator mark 29 is used to indicate the thickness of the meniscus prosthesis corresponding to the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200, the user can directly select the appropriate thickness of the meniscus prosthesis without further judging the appropriate thickness of the meniscus prosthesis based on the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200, thereby further simplifying the surgical operation and avoiding the user from selecting an inappropriate meniscus prosthesis due to misjudgment.

[0059] In some embodiments, the indication accuracy or error of the first indication mark 29 may be less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0060] Correspondingly, the rotating member 31 may be provided with a second indicator mark, which is used to cooperate with the first indicator mark 29 to indicate the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200 and / or the thickness of the meniscus prosthesis corresponding to the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial support trial mold 200.

[0061] For example, the first indicator mark 29 may include a plurality of first scales and a plurality of first numbers, the plurality of first scales are arranged at intervals around the first axis L1, and each first number is arranged corresponding to a first scale mark. Correspondingly, the second indicator mark may include a first indicator mark such as an arrow or a dot, and the first indicator mark may follow the rotation of the rotating member 31 and point to different first scales and first numbers.

[0062] Of course, the second indicator mark may also include a plurality of second scales and a plurality of second numbers, the plurality of second scales are arranged at intervals around the first axis L1, and each second number is arranged corresponding to a second scale mark. Accordingly, the first indicator mark 29 may include a second indicator mark such as an arrow or a dot, and the second indicator mark may point to different second scales and second numbers as the rotating member 31 rotates.

[0063] In some embodiments, in order to allow the rotating member 31 to be suspended and fixed at a suitable angle to fix the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial tray trial mold 200, one of the rotating member 31 and the tibial tray trial mold 200 is provided with a plurality of first limiting structures 23, and the plurality of first limiting structures 23 are arranged at intervals around the first axis L1, and the other of the rotating member 31 and the tibial tray trial mold 200 is provided with a second limiting structure 311. Among them, when the rotating member 31 rotates to different angles around the first axis L1, the second limiting structure 311 can cooperate with different first limiting structures 23, thereby limiting the rotation of the rotating member 31. When the second limiting structure 311 cooperates with different first limiting structures 23, the distance from the first joint surface 11 to the tibial tray trial mold 200 is different.

[0064] For example, please continue to refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the first limiting structure of the knee joint surgical instrument is shown. The tibial tray trial mold 200 is provided with a mounting hole 24, and the rotating member 31 is inserted into the mounting hole 24; wherein, one of the first limiting structure 23 and the second limiting structure 311 is an elastic telescopic member, and the other is a limiting hole. Therefore, the elastic telescopic member can be inserted into the limiting hole after expansion, thereby applying a damping to the rotating member 31 to limit the rotation of the rotating member 31. When the rotating member 31 receives a large torque, the elastic telescopic member is compressed and withdraws from the limiting hole, thereby allowing the rotating member 31 to rotate.

[0065] Exemplarily, the first limiting structure 23 may include a limiting hole provided on the inner wall of the mounting hole 24 , and the second limiting structure 311 may include an elastic telescopic member provided on the peripheral side of the rotating member 31 .

[0066] Optionally, the first limiting structure 23 may include a limiting hole arranged on the circumference of the rotating member 31 , and the second limiting structure 311 may include an elastic telescopic member arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole 24 .

[0067] Optionally, the first limiting structure 23 may include an elastic telescopic member arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole 24 , and the second limiting structure 311 may include a limiting hole arranged on the peripheral side of the rotating member 31 .

[0068] Optionally, the first limiting structure 23 may include an elastic telescopic member arranged on the circumference of the rotating member 31 , and the second limiting structure 311 may include a limiting hole arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole 24 .

[0069] The elastic telescopic part can be a glass bead spring, or any other elastic telescopic part, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0070] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the second limiting structure of the knee joint surgical instrument is shown. In some embodiments, the first limiting structure 23 may include a groove, and the second limiting structure 311 may include a protrusion fixedly arranged on the corresponding rotating member 31 or the tibial tray trial mold 200. Among them, the rotating member 31 can move back and forth along the second direction H2 so that the protrusion enters or disengages from any one of the multiple grooves, and the second direction H2 is roughly parallel to the first axis L1. When the protrusion disengages from the groove, the rotating member 31 can rotate around the first axis L1. When the protrusion enters any one of the grooves, the protrusion limits the rotation of the rotating member 31 around the first axis L1. Then, compared with the use of elastic telescopic parts for positioning or limiting the rotation of the rotating member 31, the fixed protrusion can make the positioning of the rotating member 31 more reliable, thereby avoiding the force exerted by the knee joint on the meniscus causing the meniscus trial mold 100 to move relative to the tibial tray trial mold 200 and the synchronous rotation of the rotating member 31.

[0071] For example, the protrusion can be a rigid protrusion, or the protrusion is made of a rigid material, such as a hard plastic material, a hard alloy material, or a hard metal material.

[0072] Then, in the actual test, when the protrusion enters the slot, the meniscus test mold 100 can withstand a pressure of 400N without moving relative to the tibial support test mold 200. The pressure of 400N is already much greater than the tension of the patient's ligaments in the calf flexion and extension state, so the reliability of the position of the meniscus test mold 100 can be ensured during the test.

[0073] In some embodiments, the tibial tray trial mold 200 may be provided with a mounting hole 24 , a plurality of grooves may be arranged around the first axis L1 on the hole wall of the mounting hole 24 , a rotating member 31 may pass through the mounting hole 24 , and a protrusion may protrude from the outer peripheral side of the rotating member 31 .

[0074] Optionally, the tibial tray trial mold 200 may be provided with a mounting hole 24, and the protrusion protrudes from the hole wall of the mounting hole 24. The rotating member 31 is passed through the mounting hole 24, and a plurality of grooves are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotating member 31 around the first axis L1.

[0075] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the knee joint surgical instrument along the AA direction is shown. In some embodiments, the adjustment component 300 may further include an elastic member 32, and the elastic member 32 is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole 24. The elastic member 32 abuts against the rotating member 31 to drive the rotating member 31 to move along the second direction H2 until the protrusion enters the groove.

[0076] Therefore, when the user needs to adjust the meniscus test mold 100, the user can first drive the rotating member 31 to move along the second direction H2, such as pressing the rotating member 31 toward the mounting hole 24 to make the protrusion disengage from the first groove and compress the elastic member 32; then, after the rotating member 31 disengages from the first groove, the user can drive the rotating member 31 to rotate around the first axis L1, thereby driving the meniscus test mold 100 to move to a suitable position and making the protrusion face the second groove; finally, the user releases the rotating member 31, so that the elastic member 32 elastically recovers and drives the rotating member 31 to move and reset along the second direction, such as driving the rotating member 31 toward the outside of the mounting hole 24 until the protrusion enters the groove.

[0077] The above is an example of the side of the adjustment component 300 for user operation in the embodiment of the present application. The following is an example of the adjustment component 300 and the structure of the transmission side of the meniscus test mold 100.

[0078] The adjusting component 300 may include an eccentric member 33, which may be rotatably mounted on the tibial tray trial mold 200 around the first axis L1. The eccentric member 33 is provided with a first eccentric structure 331. The first eccentric structure 331 is eccentrically arranged with respect to the first axis L1 and is transmission-connected with the meniscus trial mold 100, so that the rotation of the eccentric member 33 around the first axis L1 can drive the meniscus trial mold 100 to move along the first direction H1.

[0079] The first axis L1 may be substantially perpendicular to the second direction H2.

[0080] Then, when the adjustment component 300 further includes a rotating member 31, the rotating member 31 may include a rotating body 312 and a first transmission structure 313, and the first transmission structure 313 is at least partially located on one side of the rotating body 312 along the second direction H2. The eccentric member 33 is movably mounted on the first transmission structure 313 along the second direction H2 to rotate around the first axis L1 following the rotating member 31. The elastic member 32 is compressed and arranged between the eccentric member 33 and the rotating body 312.

[0081] Thus, the rotation of the rotating member 31 around the first axis L1 can drive the eccentric member 33 to rotate synchronously around the first axis L1, and then the movement of the meniscus test mold 100 along the first direction H1 is driven by the rotation of the eccentric member 33 around the first axis L1. In addition, when the user presses the rotating member 31 along the second direction H2 or the direction of the first axis L1, the rotating member 31 can compress the elastic member 32 to move relative to the eccentric member 33, and when the user cancels the pressing force on the rotating member 31, the elastic member 32 can drive the rotating member 31 to reset, thereby allowing the user to press the rotating member 31.

[0082] For example, the eccentric member 33 may be provided with a second transmission structure 333, and the second transmission structure 333 is at least partially located on the side of the eccentric member 33 facing the rotating body 312. Among them, one of the first transmission structure 313 and the second transmission structure 333 is a transmission hole, and the other is a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is passed through the transmission hole.

[0083] Correspondingly, the elastic member 32 can be sleeved on the transmission shaft. For example, the elastic member 32 can be a helical compression spring or a disc spring, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0084] Alternative, please continue to refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the knee joint surgical instrument along the AA direction after another eccentric member is provided. The eccentric member 33 can also be fixedly provided on the rotating member 31, such as being integrally formed with the rotating member 31. The elastic member 32 is at least partially provided in the mounting hole 24, and the elastic member 32 is used to drive the eccentric member 33 or the rotating member 31 to move along the second direction H2 until the protrusion enters the groove.

[0085] Thus, the rotation of the rotating member 31 around the first axis L1 can drive the eccentric member 33 to rotate synchronously around the first axis L1, and then the movement of the meniscus test mold 100 along the first direction H1 is driven by the rotation of the eccentric member 33 around the first axis L1. In addition, when the user presses the rotating member 31 along the second direction H2 or the direction of the first axis L1, one of the rotating member 31 or the eccentric member 33 that abuts against the elastic member 32 can compress the elastic member 32, and when the user cancels the pressing force on the rotating member 31, the elastic member 32 can drive the eccentric member 33 and the rotating member 31 to reset, thereby allowing the user to press the rotating member 31.

[0086] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the mounting hole 24 includes a step surface 241 facing the transmission part 12, and one end of the rotating member 31 away from the transmission part 12 abuts against the step surface 241. The eccentric member 33 is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole 24, and the side of the eccentric member 33 away from the step surface 241 abuts against the transmission part 12, so that the step surface 241 and the transmission part 12 restrict the eccentric member 33 and the rotating member 31 in the mounting hole 24.

[0087] Furthermore, on the one hand, the eccentric member 33 and the rotating member 31 can be limited by the transmission part 12, and on the other hand, the transmission part 12 or the meniscus test mold 100 can be limited by the eccentric member 33, thereby realizing the interlocking of the meniscus test mold 100, the tibial support test mold 200 and the adjustment component 300, so as to avoid the meniscus test mold 100, the tibial support test mold 200 and the adjustment component 300 from falling off during use, thereby improving the reliability of the knee joint surgical instrument.

[0088] In some embodiments, the transmission part 12 may be integrally formed on the meniscus test mold 100. Of course, the transmission part 12 may also be detachably mounted on the meniscus test mold 100, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0089] In some embodiments, when the second limiting structure 311 of the rotating member 31 includes a protrusion, the protrusion can be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotating member 31, and when the first limiting structure 23 of the tibial tray trial mold 200 includes a groove, the groove can extend from the step surface 241 to the end surface of the hole opening of the mounting hole 24, and the protrusion is slidably connected with the groove. For example, the protrusion can be a tooth-shaped protrusion, and the groove can be a tooth groove that matches the tooth-shaped protrusion.

[0090] In some embodiments, the tibial tray trial mold 200 is provided with a mounting groove 25 and a mounting hole 24 that are interconnected. A transmission part 12 is convexly provided on the side of the meniscus trial mold 100 that is away from the first joint surface 11, and the transmission part 12 is movably arranged in the mounting groove 25 along the first direction H1. The eccentric member 33 is rotatably installed in the mounting hole 24 around the first axis L1. The first eccentric structure 331 of the eccentric member 33 can be transmission-connected with the transmission part 12, so that the rotation of the eccentric member 33 around the first axis L1 can drive the meniscus trial mold 100 to reciprocate along the first direction H1.

[0091] In some embodiments, the eccentric member 33 is movably disposed in the mounting hole 24 and can reciprocate along the first axis L1, so that the first eccentric structure 331 can move along the first axis L1 to be connected or separated from the transmission part 12. The transmission part 12 is also provided with a disassembly hole 122. The disassembly hole 122 is extended along the direction of the first axis L1, one end of the disassembly hole 122 faces the eccentric member 33, and the other end of the disassembly hole 122 is located on the outer surface of the meniscus trial mold 100. The disassembly hole 122 is used for inserting a first external instrument to push the eccentric member 33 to separate the first eccentric structure 331 from the transmission part 12, so that the meniscus trial mold 100 can move along the first direction H1 to be separated from the tibial tray trial mold 200.

[0092] For example, please continue to refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a disassembly scenario of a knee joint surgical instrument is shown. The first external instrument can be a long rod, which can be inserted into the disassembly hole 122 and then push the eccentric member 33, thereby driving the eccentric member 33 to retract into the mounting hole 24, so that the eccentric member 33 and the transmission part 12 of the meniscus test mold 100 are separated; then, the first external instrument and the meniscus test mold 100 are synchronously moved along the first direction H1, so that the first meniscus test mold 100 slides to separate from the tibial support test mold 200; finally, the first external instrument is removed from the meniscus test mold 100, and the eccentric member 33, the elastic member 32 and the rotating member 31 are removed from the mounting hole 24, and finally the disassembly of the entire knee joint surgical instrument is completed, so that the entire knee joint surgical instrument can be cleaned and disinfected.

[0093] In some embodiments, the transmission part 12 may further be provided with a first weight-reducing hole 123. The first weight-reducing hole 123 may be connected to the disassembly hole 122. For example, the first weight-reducing hole 123 may be located in the middle of the transmission part 12. Of course, the first weight-reducing hole 123 may not be connected to the disassembly hole 122, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0094] In some embodiments, the tibial tray trial mold 200 may also be provided with a weight-reducing hole such as a second weight-reducing hole, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0095] Please continue to refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the eccentric member of the knee joint surgical instrument. In some embodiments, the transmission part 12 is provided with a second eccentric structure 121. The second eccentric structure 121 is at least partially located on the side of the transmission part 12 facing the eccentric member 33. Among them, one of the first eccentric structure 331 and the second eccentric structure 121 is a slide groove, and the other of the first eccentric structure 331 and the second eccentric structure 121 is a convex column, which is slidably installed in the slide groove, so that the rotation of the eccentric member 33 can drive the meniscus to move along the first direction H1.

[0096] Taking the second eccentric structure 121 including a slide groove as an example, the disassembly hole 122 can be connected to the slide groove or can be offset from the slide groove, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0097] In the actual assembly process, the rotating member 31, the elastic member 32 and the eccentric member 33 can be sequentially installed into the mounting hole 24 from the side of the mounting hole 24 close to the transmission part 12, so that the rotating member 31 and the step surface 241 of the mounting hole 24 abut against each other; then, the eccentric member 33 is pressed to make the eccentric member 33 move toward the direction close to the rotating member 31 to avoid the position; then, the meniscus test mold 100 is moved along the first direction H1, so that the transmission part 12 enters the mounting groove 25, and the eccentric member 33 is released after the boss abuts against the groove end face of the slide groove; finally, the meniscus test mold 100 is continued to be moved along the first direction H1, so that when the boss is opposite to the slide groove, the elastic member 32 drives the eccentric member 33 to reset, so that the boss is inserted into the slide groove.

[0098] In some embodiments, the maximum distance that the first eccentric structure 331 drives the meniscus test mold 100 to slide is less than or equal to the eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 331. The eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 331 is the distance from the first eccentric structure 331 to the first axis L1.

[0099] It is understandable that the distance that the eccentric member 33 drives the meniscus test mold 100 to slide along the first direction H1 can theoretically be twice the eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 331. However, when the distance that the eccentric member 33 drives the meniscus test mold 100 to slide along the first direction H1 is twice the eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 331, the tibial tray test mold 200 needs to be made thicker, resulting in a thicker knee joint surgical instrument as a whole. In contrast, the maximum distance that the first eccentric structure 331 drives the meniscus test mold 100 to slide is less than or equal to the eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 331, which can both meet actual testing needs and avoid making the knee joint surgical instrument as a whole thicker.

[0100] Of course, in some other embodiments, the distance that the eccentric member 33 drives the meniscus test mold 100 to slide along the first direction H1 may also be twice the eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 331 , and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0101] The above are some examples of how the adjusting component 300 adjusts the meniscus test mold 100 in the embodiment of the present application. The following will further explain and illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application in combination with the optional structures of the meniscus test mold 100 and the tibial tray test mold 200.

[0102] The first articular surface 11 may include a first sub-articular surface 111 and a second sub-articular surface 112. The first sub-articular surface 111 is used to cooperate with the medial condyle, and the second sub-articular surface 112 is used to cooperate with the lateral condyle.

[0103] That is to say, the first sub-articular surface 111 and the second sub-articular surface 112 may both be curved surfaces.

[0104] In some embodiments, the meniscus trial mold 100 may also be provided with a column 13. The column 13 is convexly disposed on the side of the meniscus trial mold 100 away from the tibial tray trial mold 200 along the first direction H1. The column 13 is located between the first sub-articular surface 111 and the second sub-articular surface 112. Therefore, in a knee replacement surgery, after the cruciate ligament is removed, the column 13 can replace the cruciate ligament to limit the condyle to improve stability.

[0105] Of course, in some other implementations, the meniscus test mold 100 may not be provided with the columns 13, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0106] Please continue to refer to Fig.10 , Fig.10 for Figure 3 In some embodiments, the side of the tibial tray trial mold 200 for first placement in the knee joint is provided with a first avoidance groove 26. The notch of the first avoidance groove 26 faces the same direction H3 as the tibial tray trial mold 200 for placement in the knee joint.

[0107] Furthermore, the first avoidance groove 26 can be used for the cruciate ligament to avoid.

[0108] It can also be understood that the direction H3 in which the tibial tray trial mold 200 is placed into the knee joint is the approximate direction in which the tibial tray trial mold 200 is placed into the knee joint. For example, the tibial tray trial mold 200 may be placed into the knee joint from the front side of the knee to the back, and during this process, the tibial tray trial mold 200 may swing or move slightly left and right, then at this time, the direction H3 in which the tibial tray trial mold 200 is placed into the knee joint is from the front side of the knee to the back.

[0109] A second avoidance groove 14 is provided on one side of the meniscus trial mold 100 for first placement into the knee joint, and the notch of the second avoidance groove 14 faces the same direction H4 as the direction in which the meniscus trial mold 100 is placed into the knee joint.

[0110] Furthermore, the second avoidance groove 14 can be used to avoid the cruciate ligament.

[0111] It can also be understood that the direction H4 in which the meniscus trial mold 100 is placed into the knee joint is the approximate direction in which the meniscus trial mold 100 is placed into the knee joint. For example, the meniscus trial mold 100 may be placed into the knee joint from the front side of the knee to the back, and during this process, the meniscus trial mold 100 may swing or move slightly left and right, and at this time, the direction H4 in which the meniscus trial mold 100 is placed into the knee joint is from the front side of the knee to the back.

[0112] In some embodiments, the tibial tray trial mold 200 includes a first bottom surface 21 and a first side wall 22. The first bottom surface 21 is connected to the tibial tray trial mold 200 and extends toward the first joint surface 11. The first side wall 22 is further provided with an instrument hole 27 on a side away from the first avoidance groove 26. The instrument hole 27 is used for inserting a second external instrument, so that the user can move the tibial tray trial mold 200 through the second external instrument.

[0113] This makes it convenient for the user to insert the knee joint surgical instrument into the knee joint, and after the knee joint surgical instrument is inserted into the knee joint, the second external instrument can be separated from the tibial support mold 200 to facilitate the posture of the patient's knee joint.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first side wall 22 is further provided with a mounting hole 24. The adjusting component 300 is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole 24. The mounting hole 24 and the instrument hole 27 are spaced apart along the circumference of the first side wall 22.

[0115] Furthermore, compared with the arrangement of the mounting holes 24 and the instrument holes 27 along the thickness direction of the tibial tray trial mold 200, the thickness of the tibial tray trial mold 200 can be greatly reduced, so that the overall knee joint surgical instrument is more compact.

[0116] Of course, in some other embodiments, the mounting holes 24 and the instrument holes 27 may also be arranged along the thickness direction of the tibial tray trial mold 200, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0117] Please continue to refer to Fig.11 , Fig.11 for Figure 3Bottom view of the knee joint surgical instrument shown. In some embodiments, the maximum length L2 of the tibial tray trial mold 200 is greater than or equal to 60.4 mm and less than or equal to 86 mm. The length direction of the tibial tray trial mold 200 is approximately perpendicular to the direction in which the tibial tray trial mold 200 is inserted into the knee joint. The width L3 of the tibial tray trial mold 200 at the bottom wall of the first avoidance groove 26 is greater than or equal to 39 mm and less than or equal to 57 mm.

[0118] It can be understood that the tibial tray prostheses corresponding to the tibial tray trial mold 200 usually have a plurality of different specifications, and the size of the tibial tray trial mold 200 in the embodiment of the present application conforms to the size of the middle specification among the tibial tray prostheses of a plurality of different specifications. Thus, in actual use, it can avoid that the tibial tray trial mold 200 is too large in size, resulting in unstable support and causing compression, irritation and discomfort to the tissues around the knee joint, and it can also avoid that the tibial tray trial mold 200 is too small in size, resulting in unstable support.

[0119] The maximum length L4 of the meniscus trial mold 100 is greater than or equal to 60.4 mm and less than or equal to 86 mm, and the length direction of the meniscus trial mold 100 is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the meniscus trial mold 100 is placed into the knee joint. The width L5 of the tibial tray trial mold 200 at the bottom wall of the second avoidance groove 14 is greater than or equal to 39 mm and less than or equal to 57 mm.

[0120] It can be understood that the meniscus prosthesis corresponding to the meniscus trial mold 100 usually has multiple different specifications, and the size of the meniscus trial mold 100 in the embodiment of the present application conforms to the size of the middle specification among the multiple different specifications of the meniscus prosthesis, so that in actual use, it can avoid the size of the meniscus trial mold 100 being too large, resulting in unstable support and causing compression, irritation and discomfort to the tissues around the knee joint, and can also avoid the size of the meniscus trial mold 100 being too small, resulting in unstable support.

[0121] In some embodiments, at least 50% of the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the tibial tray trial mold 200 along the thickness direction matches the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the tibial plateau prosthesis standard component along the thickness direction, so that the tibial tray trial mold 200 can be installed more stably and reliably.

[0122] At least 50% of the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the meniscus trial mold 100 along the thickness direction matches the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the meniscus prosthesis standard component along the thickness direction, so that the meniscus trial mold 100 can be installed more stably and reliably.

[0123] Please continue to refer to Fig.12 , Fig.12 for Figure 1Exploded view of some parts of the knee joint surgical instrument. In some embodiments, the tibial tray trial mold 200 is provided with at least one first guide structure 28, and the meniscus trial mold 100 is provided with at least one second guide structure 15, and each first guide structure 28 is slidably connected to the second guide structure 15 along the first direction H1.

[0124] Furthermore, through the cooperation between the first guide structure 28 and the second guide structure 15, the movement accuracy of the meniscus test mold 100 can be guaranteed, and the meniscus test mold 100 can be placed in the right posterior part of the knee joint without being easily damaged by pressure.

[0125] In some embodiments, along the first direction H1 , an orthographic projection of the at least one first guide structure 28 coincides with an orthographic projection of the first joint surface 11 .

[0126] It can be understood that the main force-bearing positions of the tibial support trial mold 200 and the meniscus trial mold 100 are in their respective contact parts with the knee joint. Therefore, by setting the first guide structure 28 at the corresponding position of the first joint surface 11, compared with the tibial support trial mold 200 and the meniscus trial mold 100 forming a guiding match at the position outside the knee joint, the embodiment of the present application can avoid the formation of a cantilever structure between the meniscus trial mold 100 and the tibial support trial mold 200 inserted into the knee joint, thereby avoiding bending and deformation of the meniscus trial mold 100 and the tibial support trial mold 200 inserted into the knee joint, and ultimately improving the accuracy of the test.

[0127] In some embodiments, at least three first guide structures 28 may be distributed in a triangular shape to provide stable support.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first guide structure 28 may be a guide hole and the second guide structure 15 may be a guide column, or the first guide structure 28 may be a guide column and the second guide structure 15 may be a guide hole, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0129] Please continue to refer to Fig.13 , Fig.13 The schematic diagram of the structure of the knee joint surgery instrument kit provided in the embodiment of the present application. Based on the above-mentioned knee joint surgery instrument, the embodiment of the present application also provides a knee joint surgery instrument kit. The knee joint surgery instrument kit may include a knee joint surgery instrument, a first surgery instrument 400 and a second surgery instrument 500.

[0130] The first surgical instrument 400 is detachably connected to the knee joint surgical instrument, so that the user can insert or remove the knee joint surgical instrument into or from the knee joint through the first surgical instrument 400. The second surgical instrument 500 is detachably connected to the knee joint surgical instrument, so that the user can drive the adjustment component 300 through the second surgical instrument 500.

[0131] For example, the first surgical instrument 400 may be some quick-release handles, and the second surgical instrument 500 may be some screwdrivers, etc., which are not limited in the present embodiment. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in one embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0132] The gap measurement device provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A knee joint surgical instrument, characterized in that: Including meniscus test mold, tibial tray test mold and adjustment parts; The meniscus trial mold can be reciprocally mounted on the tibial tray trial mold along a first direction, the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the meniscus trial mold, and a first joint surface is provided on a side of the meniscus trial mold away from the tibial tray trial mold along the first direction, and the first joint surface is used to support the joint surface of the femur, femoral prosthesis or femoral trial mold; The adjusting component is mounted on the meniscus trial mold and / or the tibial tray trial mold, and the adjusting component is used to drive the meniscus trial mold to reciprocate along the first direction to adjust the distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold.

2. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold includes a first bottom surface and a first side wall, the first bottom surface is located on the side of the tibial tray trial mold away from the first joint surface, the first side wall is connected to the first bottom surface and extends toward the first joint surface, and the adjustment component is installed on the first side wall.

3. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a rotating member, which is rotatably arranged on the tibial tray mold around a first axis. The rotating member is also transmission-connected to the meniscus mold so that the rotation of the rotating member around the first axis can drive the meniscus mold to reciprocate along the first direction.

4. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating member is at least partially exposed from the outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold so as to be driven to rotate by an external force; The outer surface of the tibial tray trial mold is provided with a first indicator mark, which is adjacent to the rotating member and is used to indicate the distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold and / or the thickness of the meniscus prosthesis corresponding to the distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold.

5. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: One of the rotating member and the tibial tray trial mold is provided with a plurality of first limiting structures, the plurality of first limiting structures are arranged at intervals around the first axis, and the other of the rotating member and the tibial tray trial mold is provided with a second limiting structure; Wherein, when the rotating member rotates around the first axis to different angles, the second limiting structure can cooperate with different first limiting structures to limit the rotation of the rotating member; When the second limiting structure cooperates with different first limiting structures, the distance from the first joint surface to the tibial tray trial mold is different.

6. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold is provided with a mounting hole, and the rotating member is passed through the mounting hole; wherein, The first limiting structure comprises a limiting hole arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the second limiting structure comprises an elastic telescopic member arranged on the peripheral side of the rotating member; or The first limiting structure comprises a limiting hole arranged on the peripheral side of the rotating member, and the second limiting structure comprises an elastic telescopic member arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole; or The first limiting structure comprises an elastic telescopic member arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the second limiting structure comprises a limiting hole arranged on the peripheral side of the rotating member; or The first limiting structure includes an elastic telescopic member arranged on the peripheral side of the rotating member, and the second limiting structure includes a limiting hole arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole.

7. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first limiting structure includes a groove, and the second limiting structure includes a protrusion fixedly arranged on the corresponding rotating member or the tibial tray trial mold; Wherein, the rotating member can reciprocate along a second direction so that the protrusion enters or escapes from any one of the plurality of grooves, and the second direction is substantially parallel to the first axis; When the protrusion is disengaged from the groove, the rotating member can rotate around the first axis; When the protrusion enters any one of the grooves, the protrusion restricts the rotating member from rotating around the first axis.

8. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold is provided with a mounting hole, and the rotating member is passed through the mounting hole; wherein, A plurality of the grooves are arranged around the first axis on the hole wall of the mounting hole, and the protrusion protrudes from the outer peripheral side of the rotating member; or A plurality of the grooves are arranged around the first axis on the outer peripheral side of the rotating member, and the protrusion protrudes from the hole wall of the mounting hole.

9. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting component further includes an elastic member, which is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole, and is used to drive the rotating member to move along the second direction until the protrusion enters the groove.

10. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotating member comprises a rotating body and a first transmission structure, wherein the first transmission structure is at least partially located on one side of the rotating body along the second direction; The adjusting component further comprises an eccentric member, the eccentric member is movably mounted on the first transmission structure along the second direction to follow the rotation of the rotating member around the first axis, the eccentric member is provided with a first eccentric structure, the first eccentric structure is eccentrically arranged with the first axis and is transmission-connected with the meniscus test mold, so that the rotation of the eccentric member around the first axis can drive the meniscus test mold to move along the first direction; The elastic member is compressed and arranged between the eccentric member and the rotating body.

11. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjusting component further comprises an eccentric member, the eccentric member is integrally formed with the rotating member, the eccentric member is provided with a first eccentric structure, the first eccentric structure is eccentrically arranged with the first axis and is transmission-connected with the meniscus test mold, so that the rotation of the eccentric member around the first axis can drive the meniscus test mold to slide along the first direction; The elastic member is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole, and is used to drive the eccentric member or the rotating member to move along the second direction until the protrusion enters the groove.

12. The knee joint surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold is provided with a mounting groove and a mounting hole which are interconnected; A transmission part is convexly provided on the side of the meniscus trial mold away from the first joint surface, and the transmission part is movably arranged in the installation groove along the first direction; The adjusting component includes an eccentric piece, which can be rotatably installed in the mounting hole around a first axis, the first axis is approximately perpendicular to the first direction, and the eccentric piece is provided with a first eccentric structure, which is eccentrically arranged with respect to the first axis, and the first eccentric structure is also connected to the transmission part in transmission, so that the rotation of the eccentric piece around the first axis can drive the meniscus test mold to reciprocate along the first direction.

13. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that: The eccentric member is movably disposed in the mounting hole and can reciprocate along the first axis, so that the first eccentric structure can move along the first axis to be transmission-connected or separated with the transmission part; The transmission part is also provided with a disassembly hole, which extends along the first axial direction, with one end of the disassembly hole facing the eccentric piece, and the other end of the disassembly hole being located on the outer surface of the meniscus test mold. The disassembly hole is used for inserting a first external instrument to push the eccentric piece to separate the first eccentric structure from the transmission part, so that the meniscus test mold can be moved along the first direction to be separated from the tibial support test mold.

14. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that: The transmission part is provided with a second eccentric structure, and the second eccentric structure is at least partially located on a side of the transmission part facing the eccentric member; Among them, one of the first eccentric structure and the second eccentric structure is a slide groove, and the other of the first eccentric structure and the second eccentric structure is a convex column, and the convex column is slidably installed in the slide groove, so that the rotation of the eccentric member can drive the meniscus test mold to move along the first direction.

15. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that: The maximum distance that the first eccentric structure drives the meniscus test mold to slide is less than or equal to the eccentric distance of the first eccentric structure.

16. The knee joint surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The first articular surface comprises a first sub-articular surface and a second sub-articular surface, wherein the first sub-articular surface is used to cooperate with the medial condyle, and the second sub-articular surface is used to cooperate with the lateral condyle; The meniscus test mold is also provided with a column, which is protruding on the side of the meniscus test mold away from the tibial support test mold along the first direction, and the column is located between the first sub-articular surface and the second sub-articular surface.

17. The knee joint surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold is used to be first placed in the knee joint and is provided with a first avoidance groove on one side, wherein the notch of the first avoidance groove faces the same direction as the direction in which the tibial tray trial mold is placed in the knee joint; and / or The side of the meniscus trial mold used for first placement in the knee joint is provided with a second avoidance groove, and the notch of the second avoidance groove faces the same direction as the direction in which the meniscus trial mold is placed in the knee joint.

18. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 17, characterized in that: The first avoidance groove and the second avoidance groove are used to avoid the cruciate ligament.

19. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 17, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold comprises a first bottom surface and a first side wall, wherein the first bottom surface is connected to the tibial tray trial mold and extends toward the first joint surface; An instrument hole is further provided on a side of the first side wall away from the first avoidance groove, and the instrument hole is used for inserting a second external instrument so that a user can move the tibial tray trial mold through the second external instrument; The first side wall is also provided with a mounting hole, the adjusting component is rotatably arranged in the mounting hole, and the mounting hole and the instrument hole are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the first side wall.

20. The knee joint surgical instrument according to claim 17, characterized in that: The maximum length of the tibial tray trial mold is greater than or equal to 60.4 mm and less than or equal to 86 mm, and the length direction of the tibial tray trial mold is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the tibial tray trial mold is placed into the knee joint; The width of the tibial tray trial mold at the bottom wall of the first avoidance groove is greater than or equal to 39 mm and less than or equal to 57 mm; and / or The maximum length of the meniscus test mold is greater than or equal to 60.4 mm and less than or equal to 86 mm, and the length direction of the meniscus test mold is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the meniscus test mold is placed into the knee joint; The width of the tibial tray trial mold at the bottom wall of the second avoidance groove is greater than or equal to 39 mm and less than or equal to 57 mm.

21. The knee joint surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: At least 50% of the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the tibial tray trial mold along the thickness direction matches the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the tibial plateau prosthesis standard component along the thickness direction; and / or At least 50% of the outer contour line of the orthographic projection of the meniscus trial mold along the thickness direction matches the outer contour line of the orthographic projection of the meniscus prosthesis standard component along the thickness direction.

22. The knee joint surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The tibial tray trial mold is provided with at least one first guide structure, and the meniscus trial mold is provided with at least one second guide structure, and each of the first guide structures is slidably connected with the second guide structure along the first direction; Wherein, along the first direction, an orthographic projection of at least one of the first guide structures coincides with an orthographic projection of the first joint surface.

23. A knee joint surgery instrument kit, characterized in that: include: The knee joint surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 22; a first surgical instrument, detachably connected to the knee joint surgical instrument, so that a user can insert the knee joint surgical instrument into the knee joint or remove it from the knee joint through the first surgical instrument; and The second surgical instrument is detachably connected to the knee joint surgical instrument so that the user can drive the adjusting component through the second surgical instrument.

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