Radiation slot array antenna assembly and terminal equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a radiation slot array antenna assembly and a terminal device using the radiation slot array antenna assembly, and the radiation slot array antenna assembly comprises a slot array unit, a resonance unit and a feed unit which are connected in sequence. The resonance unit is connected with the slot array unit through a coupling transition structure, and the feed unit is electrically connected with the resonance unit; feed energy of the feed unit flows into the resonance unit, and the resonance unit transmits the feed energy to the slot array unit through the coupling transition structure. The radiation slot array antenna assembly provided by the utility model is suitable for terminal equipment, and can effectively reduce the loss of energy in a medium, thereby enhancing the radiation efficiency of an antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a radiation slot array antenna component and terminal equipment. Background Art

[0002] 5G millimeter wave technology is an important basic technology in 5G applications. Millimeter wave refers to a special electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 1mm to 10mm and a fluctuation frequency of 30GHz-300GHz. Compared with the frequency bands below 6GHz, millimeter wave has unique advantages such as large bandwidth, low air interface latency and flexible air interface configuration, which can meet the needs of future wireless communications for system capacity, transmission rate and differentiated applications. 3GPP defines the 5G frequency band range in TS 38.104 "NR: Base Station Wireless Transmission and Reception" specification, which determines the minimum RF characteristics and minimum performance requirements of 5GNR base stations (5G frequency band information can also be obtained from TS38.101-1 and TS 38.101-2). 5GNR includes some LTE frequency bands and also adds some new frequency bands, such as n50, n51, n70 and above). At present, the 5G frequency bands most likely to be deployed globally are n77, n78, n79, n257, n258 and n260, which are 3.3GHz-4.2GHz, 4.4GHz-5.0GHz and millimeter wave bands 26GHz / 28Ghz / 39GHz.

[0003] The current millimeter wave patch antenna has a low radiation efficiency and a large loss of high-frequency energy in the medium. In view of this, it is necessary for the utility model to provide a radiating slot array antenna assembly and a terminal device using the radiating slot array antenna assembly. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a radiating slot array antenna component, which is suitable for the millimeter wave antenna of a terminal device and can effectively reduce the energy loss in the medium, thereby enhancing the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a radiating slot array antenna component, which includes a slot array unit, a resonance unit and a feeding unit connected in sequence, the resonance unit is connected to the slot array unit through a coupling transition structure, and the feeding unit is electrically connected to the resonance unit; the feeding unit feeds energy into the resonance unit, and the resonance unit transmits the feeding energy to the slot array unit through the coupling transition structure; a plurality of the slots form a slot array, and the number of the slots is eight; the slot array is configured as a slot array of 2 rows and 4 columns, and the slots in each row and column are aligned.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the slot array unit is arranged in a cavity shape, including a bottom and side walls arranged perpendicular to the bottom, and the bottom is provided with a plurality of slots.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of the slit structures are identical, and the slit structures are arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the gaps is arranged at intervals, and the spacing between the gaps in adjacent rows is smaller than the spacing between the gaps in adjacent columns.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the width of each of the gaps is Ws and the length is Ls, and a single gap forms a magnetic flow element equivalent to an electric field;

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the smaller the length of the gap, the higher the overall resonant frequency of the antenna; the larger the length of the gap, the lower the overall resonant frequency of the antenna; the larger the width of the gap, the greater the amplitude of the equivalent magnetic current element generated by a single gap.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the resonance unit is arranged in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, including a resonance cavity and the coupling transition structure; the coupling transition structure is located between the resonance cavity and the slot array.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding unit is configured as a waveguide feeding structure and a probe, and the probe excites the waveguide feeding structure at a bottom position of the waveguide feeding structure to generate feeding energy.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the waveguide feeding structure is arranged in a rectangular shape and is electrically connected to the resonance unit.

[0014] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a terminal device to better apply the above-mentioned radiation slot array antenna component.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a terminal device, which includes the above-mentioned radiation slot array antenna assembly.

[0016] The utility model provides a radiating slot array antenna assembly, which includes a slot array unit, a resonant unit and a feeding unit connected in sequence, wherein the resonant unit is connected to the slot array unit through a coupling transition structure, and the feeding unit is electrically connected to the resonant unit; the feeding unit feeds energy into the resonant unit, and the resonant unit transmits the feeding energy to the slot array unit through the coupling transition structure. The radiating slot array antenna assembly of the utility model is suitable for terminal equipment, and can effectively reduce the energy loss in the medium, thereby enhancing the radiation efficiency of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the radiation slot array antenna assembly of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the radiation slot array antenna assembly of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a side view of the radiation slot array antenna assembly of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the simulation results of the emission coefficient of S11 of the radiating slot array antenna assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 The electric field distribution of the radiating slot array antenna assembly of the utility model in the rectangular slot at a frequency of 28 GHz.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a simulation result diagram of the gain pattern of the radiating slot array antenna assembly of the utility model at a frequency of 28 GHz.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the simulation results of the overall antenna gain of the radiating slot array antenna assembly of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a simulation result diagram of the overall antenna efficiency of the radiation slot array antenna assembly of the utility model.

[0025] The descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0026] Slot array unit 10 , slot 11 , resonant unit 20 , coupling transition structure 21 , feeding unit 30 , probe 31 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a further detailed description of the radiating slot array antenna assembly proposed by the utility model and its application in the terminal device in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the utility model. In addition, the structure shown in the accompanying drawings is often part of the actual structure. In particular, the emphasis that each drawing needs to show is different, and sometimes different proportions are used.

[0028] Millimeter wave frequency band usually refers to the frequency band of 30-300GHz, and electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 1 to 10 mm are called millimeter waves. It is located in the wavelength range where microwaves and far-infrared waves overlap, so it has the characteristics of both waves. The theory and technology of millimeter waves are the extension of microwaves to high frequencies and the development of broadcast low frequencies. The characteristics of millimeter waves are that compared with light waves, millimeter waves use the atmospheric window. When millimeter waves and submillimeter waves propagate in the atmosphere, some attenuation caused by the resonance absorption of gas molecules is small, and they are less affected by natural light and thermal radiation sources. Millimeter waves have the following advantages: extremely wide bandwidth, narrow beam, and compared with lasers, the propagation of millimeter waves is much less affected by climate, and can be considered to have all-weather characteristics; compared with microwaves, the size of millimeter wave components is much smaller, so millimeter wave systems are easier to miniaturize.

[0029] Millimeter waves have a large number of applications in the fields of communications, radar, remote sensing, and radio astronomy. In order to successfully design and develop millimeter wave systems with excellent performance, it is necessary to understand the atmospheric propagation characteristics of millimeter waves under different meteorological conditions. The factors that affect the propagation characteristics of millimeter waves mainly include the absorption of atmospheric components, such as oxygen and water vapor; precipitation, including rain, snow clouds, etc.; suspended matter in the atmosphere, such as dust and smoke; and the environment, including vegetation, ground, obstacles, etc.; the combined effect of these factors will cause the millimeter wave signal to be attenuated, scattered, change polarization and propagation path, and then introduce new noise into the millimeter wave system. These many reasons will have a great impact on the operation of the millimeter wave system, so it is necessary to study the propagation characteristics of millimeter waves in detail.

[0030] The radiation efficiency of the current millimeter wave patch antenna is low, and the high-frequency energy loss in the medium is large. In other words, in the same dielectric plate, the loss of high-frequency signals is greater, mainly because the loss is related to the frequency. The higher the frequency, the greater the loss. Therefore, the dielectric plate is removed from the radiating slot array antenna assembly provided by the utility model, thereby avoiding the energy loss of high-frequency signals in the medium.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3As shown, specifically, the utility model provides a radiating slot array antenna assembly, which includes a slot array unit 10, a resonance unit 20 and a feeding unit 30 connected in sequence, the resonance unit 20 is connected to the slot array unit 10 through a coupling transition structure 21, and the feeding unit 30 is electrically connected to the resonance unit 20; the feeding energy of the feeding unit 30 flows into the resonance unit 20, and the resonance unit 20 transmits the feeding energy to the slot array unit 10 through the coupling transition structure 21.

[0032] That is to say, the overall antenna is composed of three key structures, the top one is the slot array unit 10 or the slot 11 array structure; the middle one is the resonance unit 20 or the cavity resonance structure; the bottom one is the feed unit 30. With such a configuration, the radiating slot array antenna assembly of the utility model can be used for the millimeter wave antenna of the terminal device, which can effectively reduce the energy loss in the medium, thereby enhancing the radiation efficiency of the antenna. In other words, the millimeter antenna assembly of the utility model can effectively improve the overall gain of the antenna, widen the bandwidth, and effectively improve the radiation efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, the slot array unit 10 is arranged in a cavity shape, including a bottom and a side wall arranged perpendicular to the bottom, and the bottom is provided with a plurality of slots 11. The plurality of slots 11 form a slot 11 array, and the number of the slots 11 is N, 8≤N≤16, and N is an even number.

[0034] When N=8, the slot 11 array is configured as a slot 11 array of 2 rows and 4 columns, and the slots 11 in each row and column are aligned. Of course, N can also be other even values. Experiments have shown that the larger the value of N, the higher the overall gain of the antenna. Conversely, the smaller the number, the lower the overall gain of the antenna. If there are too many antennas, it is difficult to optimize the matching of the antenna, that is, it is difficult to achieve a matching effect by optimizing the size. Most experiments have shown that the number of slots 11 is more appropriate in the range of 8 to 16.

[0035] The following will take the case where N is 8, that is, the number of slots 11 is 8 as an example. Each of the slots 11 is arranged at intervals, and the spacing between the slots 11 in adjacent rows is smaller than the spacing between the slots 11 in adjacent columns. Of course, the number of rows of slots 11 can also be multiple rows of other values, but the specific size of the slots 11 is difficult to control when designing multiple rows, so the two-row setting is the best arrangement implementation method of the utility model. In addition, it can be seen from the figure that each slot 11 unit is aligned up and down, that is, if each slot 11 unit cannot be staggered, it is difficult to ensure that the energy is superimposed in phase in the far field, thereby achieving high gain. If the setting is staggered, it will show the characteristics of sum and difference beams.

[0036] Furthermore, the width of each slot 11 is Ws and the length is Ls, and a single slot 11 forms a magnetic flux element equivalent to the electric field; the smaller the length of the slot 11, the higher the overall resonant frequency of the antenna; the larger the length of the slot 11, the lower the overall resonant frequency of the antenna; the larger the width of the slot 11, the larger the amplitude of the equivalent magnetic flux element generated by a single slot 11. Specifically, the slot array unit 10 at the top layer is configured with a metal slot 11 array structure, and a single slot 11 is a basic radiation unit of the slot 11 array. The magnetic flux element equivalent to the electric field formed in a single slot 11 will generate radiation in the far zone. Among them, Ls is related to the resonant frequency of the antenna. The smaller Ls is, the higher the resonant frequency of the antenna, and the larger Ls is, the lower the resonant frequency. The width of a single slot 11 is related to the amplitude of the antenna unit. The larger Ws is, the larger the amplitude of the equivalent magnetic flux element will be, but the corresponding matching must also be adjusted.

[0037] The entire structure of the utility model has eight resonant slots 11 with the same structure. A single slot 11 is used as a slot 11 unit. The units are arranged in two rows, four units in each row, to form a 2*4 eight-unit array. The horizontal length of the array is Lc, and the vertical length is Wc. These two dimensions will affect the radiation pattern of the array. Adjusting the horizontal length Lc and the vertical length Wc of the array can change the radiation pattern of the entire array antenna.

[0038] Furthermore, the resonant unit 20 is arranged in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, including a resonant cavity and the coupling transition structure 21; the coupling transition structure 21 is located between the resonant cavity and the array of slots 11. As can be seen in the figure, the coupling transition structure 21 represented by the rectangular dotted line, the middle resonant cavity configuration is a metal resonant cavity structure, and the energy generated by the feeding excitation current is coupled from the middle resonant cavity structure to the upper metal slot array unit 10 through the coupling transition structure 21. The coupling transition structure 21 is rectangular in shape, and the length and width of the rectangular coupling transition structure 21 are Wg and Hg, respectively. These two dimensions will directly affect the matching characteristics of the antenna. It should be noted that the length Wg and width Hg of each slot 11 are not simply affected by a regular pattern with the antenna matching characteristics. It is only when the antenna is optimized and adjusted that it is found that these dimensions have an impact on the performance of the antenna.

[0039] From the top view in the figure, it can be seen that the bottom feeding unit 30 of the antenna is a rectangular waveguide, and the rectangular waveguide is fed by a probe 31 at a distance S from the bottom layer. That is to say, the feeding unit 30 is configured as a waveguide feeding structure and a probe 31, and the probe 31 excites the waveguide feeding structure at the bottom position of the waveguide feeding structure to generate feeding energy. The waveguide feeding structure is arranged in a rectangular shape and is electrically connected to the resonance unit 20. It should be noted that when the Lg size in the feeding waveguide is approximately equal to 2 center frequency wavelengths, the matching effect is best, and the matching effect will deteriorate if it deviates from this value; after many experiments, it was found that the S size in the feeding waveguide is equal to 0.8 center wavelengths, and the matching effect is the best. If it is too large or too small, the matching will deteriorate. The Hp size in the feeding waveguide is about 0.4 wavelengths, which is more suitable, and the Dp size is generally between 0.1-1mm.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the S11 simulation results of the antenna are given. It can be seen from the figure that the antenna achieves good radiation efficiency in the range of 27.5GHz-30.5GHz. In other words, the deeper the S11 in the figure, the better the overall matching of the antenna, which means that more energy is fed into the antenna. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the simulation results of the electric field distribution in the slot 11 of the antenna at the frequency of 28GHz are given. It can be seen from the figure that the electric field in each slot 11 is evenly arranged in the horizontal direction, and the electric field in the slot 11 shows a consistent phase at the same time. This means that the radiation from each slot 11 of the antenna will be superimposed in phase in front of it in the far field, achieving a higher gain level. In fact, this is the case, so from Figure 6 From the simulation results of the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna at 28 GHz, it can be seen that the antenna achieves a high gain of 16.5 dBi near the resonant frequency.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the overall efficiency simulation result of the antenna is given. It can be seen from the figure that the total efficiency of the antenna in the range of 28-30GHz reaches more than 90%. This means that most of the energy of the antenna is involved in radiation. Finally, as Figure 8 As shown, the gain simulation results of the antenna are given. It can be seen from the figure that the gain around the resonant frequency of the antenna at 28 GHz reaches more than 17 dBi, indicating that the radiating slot array antenna component of the utility model achieves extremely strong directional radiation characteristics.

[0042] In one embodiment of the utility model, an extremely high-gain millimeter wave array of 8 slots and 11 units is used, and the cavity resonance mode is adopted to reduce the energy loss in the medium, so that the overall efficiency of the antenna reaches more than 90%. Traditional millimeter waves are mostly realized in the form of PCB patch antennas. The structure of the millimeter wave antenna implemented by the applied PCB is relatively simple, but because the energy passing through the medium will definitely produce relatively large losses, the overall radiation efficiency of the traditional antenna is relatively low compared to the design of the utility model. The complex structure of the antenna transitions from the feeding unit 30, i.e., the rectangular waveguide feeding, to the resonant unit 20, i.e., the resonant cavity, and finally to the slot array unit 10 through the coupling transition structure 21. Such a design can effectively improve the reflection coefficient bandwidth of the antenna. In other words, the waveguide feeds to the resonant cavity and then to the slot array unit 10, and the energy transfer between multiple structures can reduce the energy reflected back to the port, thereby improving the matching effect of the antenna. Similar to the effect of the trapezoidal transition structure, the gradual change in size is more conducive to antenna matching.

[0043] In summary, the utility model provides a radiating slot array antenna assembly, which includes a slot array unit 10, a resonant unit 20 and a feeding unit 30 connected in sequence, wherein the resonant unit 20 is connected to the slot array unit 10 through a coupling transition structure 21, and the feeding unit 30 is electrically connected to the resonant unit 20; the feeding energy of the feeding unit 30 flows into the resonant unit 20, and the resonant unit 20 transmits the feeding energy to the slot array unit 10 through the coupling transition structure 21. The radiating slot array antenna assembly of the utility model is suitable for terminal equipment, and can effectively reduce the energy loss in the medium, thereby enhancing the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0044] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. In addition, the different parts between the various embodiments can also be used in combination with each other, and the present utility model is not limited to this.

[0045] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not any limitation on the scope of the utility model. Any changes and modifications made by ordinary technicians in the field of the utility model based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A radiating slot array antenna assembly, characterized in that: The radiating slot array antenna assembly comprises a slot array unit, a resonant unit and a feeding unit connected in sequence, wherein the resonant unit is connected to the slot array unit through a coupling transition structure, and the feeding unit is electrically connected to the resonant unit; the feeding energy of the feeding unit flows into the resonant unit, and the resonant unit transmits the feeding energy to the slot array unit through the coupling transition structure; A plurality of the slits form a slit array, and the number of the slits is eight; the slit array is configured as a slit array of 2 rows and 4 columns, and the slits in each row and column are aligned.

2. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot array unit is arranged in a cavity shape, including a bottom and a side wall arranged perpendicular to the bottom, and the bottom is provided with a plurality of slots.

3. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the slot structures are identical, and the slot structures are arranged in a rectangular shape.

4. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the gaps is arranged at intervals, and the spacing between the gaps in adjacent rows is smaller than the spacing between the gaps in adjacent columns.

5. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of each of the gaps is Ws and the length is Ls, and a single gap forms a magnetic flow element equivalent to an electric field.

6. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The smaller the length of the gap, the higher the overall resonant frequency of the antenna; the larger the length of the gap, the lower the overall resonant frequency of the antenna; the larger the width of the gap, the greater the amplitude of the equivalent magnetic current element generated by a single gap.

7. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance unit is arranged in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and comprises a resonance cavity and the coupling transition structure; the coupling transition structure is located between the resonance cavity and the slot array.

8. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit is configured as a waveguide feeding structure and a probe, and the probe excites the waveguide feeding structure at a bottom position of the waveguide feeding structure to generate feeding energy.

9. The radiating slot array antenna assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The waveguide feeding structure is arranged in a rectangular shape and is electrically connected to the resonance unit.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that: The terminal device comprises the radiating slot array antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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