Upflow floating ceramsite net cage top-mounted biological activated carbon filter

Abstract

The utility model discloses an upflow floating ceramsite net cage top-mounted biological activated carbon filter tank, which relates to the technical field of water treatment, and comprises an upflow filter tank body, and a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite net cage, an activated carbon bed and a water collection area are arranged in the upflow filter tank body from bottom to top. Wherein the floating ceramsite net cage is located above the water distribution area so as to pre-filter to-be-filtered water flowing into the water distribution area, and the floating ceramsite net cage comprises a net cage body and floating ceramsite laid in the net cage body; the activated carbon bed is laid above the floating ceramsite net cage and is supported by the top net and the supporting frame, and the total area of meshes of the top net accounts for more than 20% of the filtering area. The activated carbon bed and the floating ceramsite bed are flushed in a gas flushing downward drainage flushing mode, only a flushing air blower needs to be matched, a back flushing water pump does not need to be adopted, energy is saved, consumption is reduced, and management is easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to an upflow type floating ceramsite cage with a biological activated carbon filter. Background Art

[0002] For micro-polluted drinking water sources, "ozone oxidation-bioactivated carbon" is currently a commonly used deep water treatment process. Ozone has the strongest oxidation ability and can oxidize many organic substances in raw water, including those containing unsaturated bonds or aromatics, and change the molecular weight distribution of organic substances, which is beneficial to the adsorption and biochemical properties of bioactivated carbon. Usually, "ozone oxidation-bioactivated carbon" is arranged after the conventional treatment process of "coagulation sedimentation → sand filtration" in the water plant, forming a "raw water → coagulation sedimentation → sand filtration → ozone oxidation-bioactivated carbon → disinfection" process, also known as the post-carbon pool process. Since the large-scale application of this process in China, it has a strong ability to oxidize and remove organic pollutants, odor substances and chromaticity, and has a strong ability to deal with sudden water pollution, and has been widely recognized in water quality improvement. The post-carbon pool process targets micro-pollutants remaining in the sand filtration effluent, with low influent turbidity, high purification efficiency, low carbon pool flushing requirements, and long adsorption life. However, in the subtropical areas of southern my country, the surface water temperature is above 10°C all year round. The biological activated carbon pool provides suitable growth conditions for microorganisms, and the phenomenon of microorganisms carried in the effluent is relatively prominent, posing a safety hazard to the water quality. If the biological activated carbon pool is arranged between the coagulation sedimentation unit and the sand filtration unit of the conventional treatment process of the water plant, a "raw water → coagulation sedimentation → biological activated carbon → sand filtration → disinfection" process is formed, and the sand filter is used to filter and control the water quality safety risks caused by microorganisms carried in the effluent of the biological activated carbon pool. Because the biological activated carbon pool is located between the coagulation sedimentation unit and the sand filtration unit, it is called a mid-carbon pool process.

[0003] Compared with the clean water after filtration in the post-charcoal pool, the turbidity of the water to be filtered in the middle carbon pool is significantly higher, often exceeding the water supply specification requirement that the turbidity of the water in the biological activated carbon pool should be lower than 1.0 NTU, which not only has an adverse effect on the adsorption of biological activated carbon, but also causes frequent backwashing of the carbon pool, which accelerates the wear of the carbonized layer of the activated carbon and reduces the adsorption life of the activated carbon. Therefore, in the case of high turbidity of the water to be filtered, the middle carbon pool needs to take countermeasures.

[0004] In this regard, those skilled in the art have adopted a suspended ceramsite-activated carbon double-layer filter to solve this technical problem, such as the invention patent of a suspended ceramsite-activated carbon double-layer filter and a method for treating raw water using the same (application number 2013104764202): an activated carbon bed is laid on the filter plate of an upflow activated carbon filter, a suspended ceramsite bed is laid under the filter plate, a lower filter screen is installed under the suspended ceramsite bed, and the lower filter screen is the water distribution area of ​​the upflow activated carbon filter. The water to be filtered first enters the water distribution area, and is distributed with small resistance through the filter plate and the filter head, and the water to be filtered is evenly distributed to the filter surface below the suspended ceramsite bed, and then passes through the suspended ceramsite bed and activated carbon bed located under and above the filter plate, and the organic matter in the water is removed by biofilm biochemistry on the surface of the filter material; the suspended ceramsite bed located under the filter plate pre-filters to remove most of the turbidity; the activated carbon bed located above the filter plate adsorbs under low turbidity conditions to achieve deep purification of the water to be filtered; the treated water is discharged from the water outlet area. The thickness of the activated carbon bed of this method is 1.5 to 2 m. For the purpose of load-bearing and low-resistance water distribution, the filter plate adopts a reinforced concrete filter plate, and multiple filter heads are arranged through the filter plate.

[0005] The height from the bottom of the filter plate to the bottom of the pool of an ordinary filter tank is 1.0 to 1.5 meters, and the filter plate bears the load through the filter beam and the bottom pier of the pool. Due to good support conditions, the width of the filter beam can adopt the minimum structural size, and the influence on the spacing of the filter head arrangement is acceptable. However, the thickness of the suspended ceramsite bed described in this method is 1 to 2 meters. Considering that the suspended ceramsite bed requires fluidized flushing space and the water distribution area space below the lower filter screen, the height from the bottom of the filter plate of the upflow activated carbon filter tank to the bottom of the pool is more than 3 meters, which makes it difficult to support the filter beam filter plate from the bottom of the pool. Generally, the size of the filter beam is increased and connected to the pool wall, and the load is borne by the pool wall. Since the filter plate and filter head of the filter tank are general products, the spacing of the filter beam is required to be about 1.0 meters. Multiple filter beams are required to support the filter plate. The significant increase in the width of the filter beam will cause the spacing between the filter heads adjacent to both sides of the filter beam to be much larger than the normal filter head spacing, resulting in a large water distribution dead zone above and below each filter beam, which not only reduces the utilization efficiency of the activated carbon bed and the suspended ceramsite bed, but also increases the flushing requirements for the activated carbon bed. However, multiple filter beams will cause them to occupy too much space under the filter plate, and also significantly reduce the space utilization rate of the suspended expanded clay bed under the filter plate. In addition, this method adopts an air-flushing downward drainage flushing method for the suspended expanded clay bed, and the flushing wastewater is discharged from the bottom drain pipe; while the activated carbon bed located above the filter plate is distributed with small resistance through the filter material filter plate and the filter head. For flushing the activated carbon bed, it is usually necessary to adopt an air-water combined upper flushing method, and the flushing wastewater is discharged to the sand filter tank through the outlet trough. On the one hand, the flushing wastewater of the activated carbon bed enters the sand filter tank, which will increase the filtration load of the sand filter tank. On the other hand, the suspended expanded clay bed and the activated carbon bed in the filter tank adopt two flushing methods, which also increases the complexity of flushing. Therefore, this invention patent has not been promoted and applied. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent. To this end, the embodiment of the present application provides an upflow floating ceramsite cage with a biological activated carbon filter tank placed on it, which reduces the dead zone of the activated carbon bed, and allows the activated carbon bed on the top net and the floating ceramsite in the cage body to be uniformly flushed by air flushing and drainage, which only requires a flushing blower, and does not require a backwashing pump, and is simple to operate and manage.

[0007] According to the embodiment of the present application, an upflow floating expanded clay cage is provided with a biological activated carbon filter, comprising an upflow filter body, the upflow filter body comprising a pool wall and a pool bottom, the pool wall and the pool bottom enclosing an internal space, the internal space of the upflow filter body is provided with a water distribution area, a floating expanded clay cage, an activated carbon bed and a water collection area from bottom to top, wherein the upflow filter body is provided with a water inlet pipe, a drain pipe and an air flushing pipe connected to the water distribution area; the floating expanded clay cage is located above the water distribution area to pre-filter the water to be filtered flowing into the water distribution area, the floating expanded clay cage comprises a cage body and a floating expanded clay bed laid in the cage body, the floating expanded clay bed comprises a plurality of densely distributed floating expanded clays, the cage body comprises a top net, a bottom net and a support frame, the support frame is fixed on In the upflow filter body, the top net and the bottom net are supported by the supporting frame, the top net, the bottom net and the pool wall enclose a limited space to confine the floating expanded clay within the limited space, the top net and the bottom net have a plurality of meshes, and the total area of ​​the meshes of the top net and the bottom net respectively accounts for more than 20% of the area of ​​the plane in the upflow filter body; the activated carbon bed is laid above the floating expanded clay mesh box, the activated carbon bed is supported by the top net and the supporting frame, and the thickness of the activated carbon bed is 1.0 to 1.2 m; the water collection area is located above the activated carbon bed, and the upflow filter body is provided with an outlet pipe connected to the water collection area; valves are provided on the water inlet pipe, the drainage pipe, the air flushing pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0009] 1. The floating ceramsite cage located above the water distribution area in the upflow filter is used to pre-filter the water to be filtered, which can reduce the turbidity of the water to be filtered from 1 to 3 NTU to <1.0 NTU. The activated carbon bed located above the floating ceramsite cage is in a low-turbidity environment, which is conducive to the adsorption function of the activated carbon bed. In addition, the surface of the floating ceramsite is rough, hydrophilic and wear-resistant, which is suitable for the biofilm of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria with a long generation cycle, and has a high efficiency in nitrifying ammonia nitrogen, which enhances the biological purification function of the filter.

[0010] 2. The thickness of the activated carbon bed in this application is 1.0 to 1.2m. The recommended range of the thickness of the activated carbon bed in the water supply specification is 1.0 to 2.5m. However, compared with the 2m activated carbon bed thickness commonly used in ordinary activated carbon pools, the thickness of the activated carbon bed in this application is reduced by half. The reason is that the activated carbon filter tank of the water plant is laid with a 2m thick activated carbon bed at one time. After about 4 years of operation, its adsorption capacity is close to saturation. Usually, the carbon is replaced once after about 8 years of use, which is not conducive to the full play of the activated carbon adsorption effect. The adsorption capacity is strong in the first half, and the second half mainly relies on its biological purification function. The thickness of the activated carbon bed in this application is 1.0 to 1.2m, and the thickness of the floating ceramsite bed is 1.5 to 2.5m. The total thickness of the biological filter material reaches about 3m. Its biological purification function is better than that of the 2m activated carbon bed. The activated carbon bed is replaced once every 4 years or so. The total carbon consumption after 8 years of use is equivalent to that of an ordinary activated carbon filter tank, but it can maintain the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter tank for a long time.

[0011] 3. The thickness of the activated carbon bed in this application is 1.0 to 1.2 m, which is half the thickness of the activated carbon bed in the ordinary activated carbon pool, and the weight is also half, which is conducive to the use of the top net and support frame of the floating expanded clay mesh box for support, and there is no need to use filter plates to support the activated carbon bed.

[0012] 4. The present application adopts an upflow type. Since the total mesh area of ​​the top net and the bottom net accounts for more than 20% of the area of ​​the filter surface, air and water are allowed to pass through the mesh in the reverse direction, and the water distribution dead zone in the activated carbon cushion layer on the top net can be ignored. The activated carbon bed can be flushed by air flushing to restore the filtration head, and the flushing wastewater can also flow evenly through the mesh of the top net into the floating expanded clay net box when discharged; and the floating expanded clay bed is also suitable for air flushing, so that the flushing methods of the activated carbon bed and the floating expanded clay bed are consistent. The filter tank flushing system only needs to be equipped with a flushing blower, and there is no need to use a backwashing pump. The operation and management are simple, and it is more green and low-carbon.

[0013] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the support frame includes a horizontally installed upper steel beam, a horizontally installed lower steel beam and a vertically installed steel column, the end of the upper steel beam and the end of the lower steel beam are respectively fixedly connected to the pool wall, the bottom of the steel column is fixedly connected to the pool bottom, the steel column is vertically connected to the lower steel beam and the upper steel beam in sequence to support the lower steel beam and the upper steel beam, the top net is horizontally installed on the top of the upper steel beam, and the bottom net is horizontally installed on the top of the lower steel beam.

[0014] The thickness of the floating ceramsite bed is 1.5 to 2.5 m, and the wet particle density of the floating ceramsite bed is 0.85 to 1.00 g / cm 3 The particle size of the floating ceramsite is 5 to 10 mm, the mesh diameter of the bottom net is 3 to 4 mm, and the mesh diameter of the top net is 2 to 3 mm.

[0015] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the activated carbon bed includes an activated carbon cushion layer and an activated carbon layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the activated carbon cushion layer is selected from coal-based columnar carbon with a particle size of 2.5 to 3.5 mm and larger than the mesh diameter of the top mesh.

[0016] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the activated carbon layer is made of coal-based columnar carbon with a particle size of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.

[0017] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the thickness of the activated carbon layer is 0.7-0.9 m, and the thickness of the activated carbon cushion layer is 0.3-0.4 m.

[0018] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the air flushing pipe is connected to the bottom of the water distribution area through a plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes in the water distribution area.

[0019] In an optional or preferred embodiment, a water distribution trough is provided at the bottom of the water distribution area and is connected thereto, the water distribution trough is located at the center of the bottom of the water distribution area, the water inlet pipe is connected to the water distribution trough, and the top of the water distribution trough is connected to the water distribution area through a plurality of short water distribution pipes. Further, the drainage pipe is connected to the water distribution trough.

[0020] In an optional or preferred embodiment, a water collection tank is provided in the water collection area for the purified water in the water collection area to overflow into, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the water collection tank.

[0021] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the floating ceramsite installed in the cage body carries a manganese catalytic membrane, and the floating ceramsite bed carrying the manganese catalytic membrane forms a catalytic oxidation layer. By adopting this technical solution, potassium permanganate is added to the water to be filtered, which can enhance the oxidation effect of potassium permanganate on micropollutants in the water and enhance the efficiency of biological activated carbon in removing micropollutants in the water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer filter tank with activated carbon placed on a catalytic membrane-carrying floating ceramsite cage in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Reference numerals: upflow filter body 10, pool wall 11, pool bottom 12, water inlet pipe 13, drain pipe 14, air flushing pipe 15, water outlet pipe 16, membrane hole aeration pipe 17;

[0025] Water distribution area 20, water distribution tank 21, water distribution short pipe 22;

[0026] Floating ceramsite cage 30, top net 31, bottom net 32, upper steel beam 33, lower steel beam 34, steel column 35, floating ceramsite bed 36;

[0027] Activated carbon bed 40, activated carbon cushion layer 41, activated carbon layer 42;

[0028] Water collection area 50, water collection tank 51. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0035] Refer to the following Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application describes an upflow type floating ceramsite cage 30 with a biological activated carbon filter, including an upflow type filter body 10, the upflow type filter body 10 includes a pool wall 11 and a pool bottom 12, the pool wall 11 and the pool bottom 12 enclose an internal space, and the internal space of the upflow type filter body 10 is provided with a water distribution area 20, a floating ceramsite cage 30, an activated carbon bed 40 and a water collection area 50 from bottom to top. In application, the water to be filtered first enters the water distribution area 20, then flows upward, passes through the floating ceramsite cage 30, the activated carbon bed 40 and the water collection area 50 in sequence, and flows out from the water collection area 50.

[0036] The upflow filter tank body 10 is provided with a water inlet pipe 13 connected to the water distribution area 20. When in use, the water to be filtered is transported to the water distribution area 20 through the water inlet pipe 13. Preferably, a water distribution trough 21 connected thereto is provided at the bottom of the water distribution area 20. The water distribution trough 21 is located at the center of the bottom of the water distribution area 20. The water inlet pipe 13 is connected to the water distribution trough 21. The top of the water distribution trough 21 is connected to the water distribution area 20 through a plurality of short water distribution pipes 22, so that the water to be filtered is evenly distributed to the bottom of the floating ceramsite cage 30 through the water distribution trough 21.

[0037] The floating ceramsite cage 30 is located above the water distribution area 20 to pre-filter the water to be filtered flowing into the water distribution area 20. The floating ceramsite cage 30 includes a cage body and a floating ceramsite bed 36 laid in the cage body. The floating ceramsite bed 36 includes a plurality of densely distributed floating ceramsites. The cage body includes a top net 31, a bottom net 32 ​​and a support frame, all of which are made of stainless steel. Of course, other materials that are not easy to rust can also be used instead. The support frame is fixed in the internal space of the upflow filter tank body 10, and the top net 31 and the bottom net 32 ​​are supported by the support frame. The top net 31, the bottom net 32 ​​and the pool wall 11 enclose a limited space, which confines the floating ceramsite in the limited space, thereby forming a floating ceramsite bed 36. The thickness of the floating ceramsite bed is 1.5 to 2.5 m.

[0038] Specifically, the support frame includes a horizontally installed upper steel beam 33, a horizontally installed lower steel beam 34 and a vertically installed steel column 35. The ends of the upper steel beam 33 and the ends of the lower steel beam 34 are respectively fixedly connected to the pool wall 11, the bottom of the steel column 35 is fixedly connected to the pool bottom 12, and the steel column 35 is vertically connected to the lower steel beam 34 and the upper steel beam 33 in sequence to support the lower steel beam 34 and the upper steel beam 35. The top net 31 is horizontally installed on the top of the upper steel beam 33, and the bottom net 32 ​​is horizontally installed on the top of the lower steel beam 34.

[0039] The activated carbon bed 40 is laid on the top of the floating ceramsite cage 30. The activated carbon bed 40 is biological activated carbon. The filtered water flows from the floating ceramsite cage 30 into the activated carbon bed. The biological activated carbon adsorbs and biodegrades organic matter in the effluent of the floating ceramsite cage. The activated carbon bed 40 is supported by the top mesh 31.

[0040] The water collection area 50 is located above the activated carbon bed 40, and the upflow filter body 10 is provided with a water outlet pipe 16 connected to the water collection area 50. Specifically, a water collection tank 51 is provided in the water collection area 50 for overflow of purified water from the water collection area 50, and the water outlet pipe 16 is connected to the water collection tank 51.

[0041] The upflow filter body 10 is provided with a drain pipe 14 connected to the water distribution area 20, and the drain pipe 14 is connected to the water distribution tank 21. The upflow filter body 10 is provided with an air flushing pipe 15 connected to the water distribution area 20, and the air flushing pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of the water distribution area 20 through a plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes 17 in the water distribution area 20. Valves are provided on the water inlet pipe 13, the drain pipe 14, the air flushing pipe 15 and the water outlet pipe 16.

[0042] During water treatment, the filtration process of the above-mentioned upflow floating ceramsite cage with biological activated carbon filter tank is as follows: upflow filtration is adopted, the water to be filtered enters the water distribution tank 21 from the water inlet pipe 13, and enters the water distribution area 20 evenly through the multiple water distribution short pipes 22 at the top of the water distribution tank 21, and evenly passes through the floating ceramsite cage 30 upward. The floating ceramsite bed 36 in the cage body filters and removes most of the turbidity substances in the water to be filtered, and can reduce the turbidity of the water to be filtered from 1 to 3 NTU to <1.0 NTU, and can biochemically remove part of the ammonia nitrogen and organic micro-pollutants in the water. Then, the water effluent from the floating ceramsite cage is subjected to organic adsorption and biodegradation by biological activated carbon, and the purified water flows up from the carbon surface of the activated carbon bed 40 into the water collection area 50 and flows out from the outlet pipe 52.

[0043] In this embodiment, the total mesh area of ​​the top net 31 and the bottom net 32 ​​each accounts for more than 20% of the area of ​​the inner plane of the upflow filter body 10. In other words, the total mesh area of ​​the top net 31 accounts for more than 20% of the area of ​​the filter surface, and the total mesh area of ​​the bottom net 32 ​​accounts for more than 20% of the area of ​​the filter surface.

[0044] When the filtration head loss reaches the set limit, the filter tank needs to be flushed. The flushing of the activated carbon bed and the floating ceramsite bed is uniformly carried out by air flushing and drainage. The specific flushing process is:

[0045] 1. First, flush the activated carbon bed 40. The main steps are: close the water inlet pipe 13, open the air flushing pipe 15, and preferably maintain the air flushing intensity at 5 to 8 L / (m 2 .s), the time is preferably 3 to 5 minutes; open the drain pipe 14, the water level gradually drops to near the top net 31 of the floating ceramsite net box 30, the drainage time is preferably 5 to 8 minutes, close the drain pipe 14, and the activated carbon bed 40 is flushed with air and water together.

[0046] 2. Rinse the floating expanded clay net box 30. The main steps are: the floating expanded clay bed 36 is fluidized and cleaned in the net box body, and the floating expanded clay bed 36 rubs and cleans the top net 31 at the same time. The time is preferably 2 to 3 minutes. Then, the drain pipe 14 is opened, and the water level gradually drops to near the bottom net 32. The drainage time is preferably 3 to 5 minutes. The drain pipe 14 is closed, and the flushing of the floating expanded clay net box 30 is completed.

[0047] 3. Flushing the water distribution area 20. The main steps are: friction cleaning the bottom net 32 ​​of the floating expanded clay net box 30, preferably for 2 to 3 minutes, then opening the drain pipe 14, the water level drops to near the bottom of the upflow filter body 10, the drainage time is preferably 2 to 3 minutes, closing the drain pipe 14 and the air flushing pipe 15, and the flushing of the water distribution area 20 is completed.

[0048] The present application adopts an upflow filtering structure for filtering water, an activated carbon bed 40 is placed on the floating ceramsite mesh box 30, and the ratio of the total mesh area of ​​the top net 32 ​​supporting the activated carbon bed 40 to the filter surface area reaches more than 20%, allowing air and water to pass through the mesh in reverse, and the water distribution dead zone in the activated carbon cushion layer on the top net can be ignored, and the activated carbon bed can be flushed by air flushing and drainage to restore the filter head. After the air-water combined flushing of the activated carbon bed 40 is completed, the flushing water containing suspended matter can flow to the floating ceramsite mesh box 30 through the mesh of the top net 31; after the flushing of the floating ceramsite mesh box 30 is completed, the flushing water containing suspended matter can flow to the water distribution area 20 through the bottom net 32 ​​and be discharged through the drain pipe 14. The upflow floating ceramsite mesh box with biological activated carbon filter in the present application allows the unified use of air flushing and drainage flushing, only a flushing blower is required, and no backwashing pump is required, which is simple to operate and manage, and more green and low-carbon.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the wet particle density of the floating ceramsite bed 36 is 0.85-1.00 g / cm 3 The particle size of the floating ceramsite is 5-10 mm, the mesh diameter of the bottom net 32 ​​is 3-4 mm, and the mesh diameter of the top net 31 is 2-3 mm. In some other embodiments, the bottom net 32 ​​can also be replaced by a horizontally installed filter plate and filter head.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the activated carbon bed 40 includes an activated carbon cushion layer 41 and an activated carbon layer 42 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the thickness of the activated carbon bed 40 is 1.0 to 1.2 m, wherein the thickness of the activated carbon layer 42 is 0.7 to 0.9 m, and the thickness of the activated carbon cushion layer 41 is 0.3 to 0.4 m.

[0051] The activated carbon cushion layer 41 is made of coal-based columnar carbon with a particle size of 2.5 to 3.5 mm and larger than the mesh diameter of the top net 31. Therefore, the activated carbon cushion layer 41 can be supported by the top net 31 of the net box body and the support frame. The activated carbon layer 42 is made of coal-based columnar carbon with a particle size of 1.5 to 2.0 mm, and the activated carbon layer 42 is laid on the activated carbon cushion layer 41.

[0052] The activated carbon filter tank of the water plant usually uses a 2m activated carbon bed. After about 4 years of operation, its adsorption capacity is close to saturation. Usually, the carbon is replaced once after about 8 years of use, which is not conducive to the full play of the activated carbon adsorption effect. The adsorption capacity is strong in the first half, and the second half mainly relies on its biological purification function. In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the activated carbon bed 40 is 1.0 to 1.2m. The recommended range of the thickness of the activated carbon bed in the water supply specification is 1.0 to 2.5m. However, compared with the thickness of the 2m activated carbon bed commonly used in ordinary activated carbon pools, the thickness of the activated carbon bed 40 in this embodiment is reduced by half.

[0053] In this embodiment, the thickness of the activated carbon bed is 1.0-1.2m, and the thickness of the floating expanded clay bed is 1.5-2.5m, and the total thickness of the biological filter material reaches about 3m. Its biological purification function is better than that of a 2m activated carbon bed. The carbon is replaced once every four years or so, and the total carbon consumption after eight years of use is equivalent to that of an ordinary activated carbon filter, but the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter can be maintained for a long time.

[0054] In this embodiment, the thickness of the activated carbon bed is 1.0-1.2 m, which is half the thickness of the activated carbon bed in the ordinary activated carbon pool, and the weight is also reduced by half, which is conducive to using the top net 31 and the support frame of the floating expanded clay mesh box 30 for support instead of using a filter plate to support the activated carbon bed.

[0055] In addition, a biological activated carbon filter is placed on the above-mentioned upflow floating expanded clay cage. Further preferably, the floating expanded clay laid in the cage body can carry a manganese catalytic membrane, and the floating expanded clay bed 36 carrying the manganese catalytic membrane forms a catalytic oxidation layer, and the thickness of the catalytic oxidation layer is 1.5 to 2.5 m.

[0056] When a floating ceramsite bed carrying a manganese catalytic membrane is used, a potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method can be achieved, specifically:

[0057] S1, the water to be filtered with sufficient dissolved oxygen and potassium permanganate added enters the water distribution tank 21 from the water inlet pipe 13, and evenly enters the water distribution area 20 through multiple short water distribution pipes 22 on the top of the water distribution tank 21.

[0058] S2, the water to be filtered passes through the floating expanded clay mesh box 30 uniformly upward, and most of the turbid substances in the water to be filtered are removed, and the turbidity of the water to be filtered can be reduced from 1 to 3 NTU to <1.0 NTU. Under the catalytic action of the manganese catalytic membrane, potassium permanganate in the water can quickly catalytically oxidize organic matter in the catalytic oxidation layer, change the molecular weight distribution of the organic matter, and remove the color generated thereby.

[0059] When the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added flows to the catalytic oxidation layer, it can quickly catalytically oxidize organic matter in the catalytic oxidation layer. The specific catalytic principle is that the manganese catalytic film on the surface of the floating ceramsite is mainly composed of MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides. The water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added forms new ecological MnO2 in the catalytic oxidation layer. The manganese catalytic film has a strong adsorption effect on the new ecological MnO2 in the water, and the new ecological MnO2 can quickly adsorb MnO4 in the water under the synergistic effect of the manganese catalytic film. － , so that the MnO4 on the surface of the floating ceramsite －The increase in concentration and oxidation rate catalyzes the oxidation of potassium permanganate, thereby increasing the oxidation intensity, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate, which is beneficial to changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improving the biodegradability of organic matter, and making organic matter easy to be adsorbed and biochemically regenerated by biological activated carbon; it can also oxidize and decompose the precursors of odorous substances and chlorine disinfection by-products, and remove color and heavy metals. The manganese catalytic membrane can also adsorb manganese oxides such as manganese dioxide, a product of potassium permanganate reduction, to form a new manganese catalytic membrane, forming a sustainable catalytic effect. After the organic matter in the water to be filtered is catalytically oxidized, the biological activated carbon adsorbs and biodegrades the organic matter in the effluent of the floating ceramsite cage.

[0060] At present, the amount of potassium permanganate added to the raw water for pre-oxidation in the water plant is usually in the range of 0.1-0.3 mg / L, and generally does not exceed 0.5 mg / L, so as not to cause the chromaticity of the effluent to exceed the standard. In the technical scheme of this application, potassium permanganate is directly added to the effluent of the sedimentation tank. The concentration of potassium permanganate can be allowed to reach 0.3-0.5 mg / L. The oxidation effect is closer to O3, and it can effectively deal with sudden water pollution such as odor. In the process of manganese catalytic membrane cooperating with potassium permanganate to catalyze and oxidize organic matter in the water to be filtered, the generated brown-red MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides can be quickly adsorbed by the manganese catalytic membrane in the catalytic oxidation layer, eliminating the side effect of the increase in chromaticity caused by the addition of potassium permanganate. The oxidation object of the catalytic oxidation layer is the soluble organic matter remaining in the water to be filtered, which reflects the role of deep water treatment.

[0061] S3, after the filtered water is pre-filtered and catalytically oxidized by the floating expanded clay cage 30, it rises to the activated carbon bed 40, where the biological activated carbon adsorbs and biodegrades organic matter in the water discharged from the floating expanded clay cage. The purified water rises from the carbon surface of the activated carbon bed 40 into the water collection area 50 and flows out from the outlet pipe 52.

[0062] The above-mentioned steps of "potassium permanganate-catalytic membrane floating expanded clay cage-biological activated carbon" are applied to the intermediate carbon pool process, wherein, before step S1, the steps of "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation" are first performed, and after step S3, the purified water treated by the activated carbon bed 40 is also subjected to sand filtration treatment, forming a "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate-catalytic membrane floating expanded clay cage-biological activated carbon → sand filtration" water supply deep treatment method.

[0063] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. An upflow type floating ceramsite cage with a biological activated carbon filter, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upflow filter body, wherein the upflow filter body comprises a pool wall and a pool bottom, wherein the pool wall and the pool bottom enclose an internal space, wherein the internal space of the upflow filter body is provided with a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite cage, an activated carbon bed and a water collection area from bottom to top, wherein: The upflow filter body is provided with a water inlet pipe, a drain pipe and an air flushing pipe connected to the water distribution area; The floating ceramsite cage is located above the water distribution area to pre-filter the water to be filtered flowing into the water distribution area. The floating ceramsite cage includes a cage body and a floating ceramsite bed laid in the cage body. The floating ceramsite bed includes a plurality of densely distributed floating ceramsites. The cage body includes a top net, a bottom net and a support frame. The support frame is fixed in the upflow filter tank body. The top net and the bottom net are supported by the support frame. The top net, the bottom net and the pool wall enclose a limited space to confine the floating ceramsite in the limited space. The top net and the bottom net have a plurality of meshes. The total mesh area of ​​the top net and the bottom net accounts for more than 20% of the area of ​​the plane in the upflow filter tank body. The activated carbon bed is laid on top of the floating ceramsite mesh box, the activated carbon bed is supported by the top mesh and the support frame, and the thickness of the activated carbon bed is 1.0 to 1.2 m; The water collection area is located above the activated carbon bed, and the upflow filter body is provided with a water outlet pipe connected to the water collection area; The water inlet pipe, the drain pipe, the air flushing pipe and the water outlet pipe are all provided with valves.

2. The biological activated carbon filter tank on the upflow floating ceramsite cage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support frame includes a horizontally installed upper steel beam, a horizontally installed lower steel beam and a vertically installed steel column. The ends of the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam are respectively fixedly connected to the pool wall, the bottom of the steel column is fixedly connected to the pool bottom, and the steel column is vertically connected to the lower steel beam and the upper steel beam in sequence to support the lower steel beam and the upper steel beam. The top net is horizontally installed on the top of the upper steel beam, and the bottom net is horizontally installed on the top of the lower steel beam.

3. The biological activated carbon filter tank on the upflow floating ceramsite cage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the floating ceramsite bed is 1.5 to 2.5 m, and the wet particle density of the floating ceramsite bed is 0.85 to 1.00 g / cm 3 The particle size of the floating ceramsite is 5 to 10 mm, the mesh diameter of the bottom net is 3 to 4 mm, and the mesh diameter of the top net is 2 to 3 mm.

4. The biological activated carbon filter tank on the upflow floating ceramsite cage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The activated carbon bed comprises an activated carbon cushion layer and an activated carbon layer which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The activated carbon cushion layer is made of coal-based columnar carbon with a particle size of 2.5 to 3.5 mm and larger than the mesh diameter of the top mesh.

5. The biological activated carbon filter tank on the upflow floating ceramsite cage according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The activated carbon layer is made of coal-based columnar carbon with a particle size of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.

6. The biological activated carbon filter tank on the upflow floating ceramsite cage according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The thickness of the activated carbon layer is 0.7-0.9 m, and the thickness of the activated carbon cushion layer is 0.3-0.4 m.

7. The biological activated carbon filter tank mounted on an upflow floating ceramsite cage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The air flushing pipe is connected with the bottom of the water distribution area through a plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes in the water distribution area.

8. The biological activated carbon filter tank on the upflow floating ceramsite cage according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A water distribution trough connected to the water distribution area is provided at the bottom of the water distribution area. The water distribution trough is located in the center of the pool bottom of the water distribution area. The water inlet pipe is connected to the water distribution trough. The top of the water distribution trough is connected to the water distribution area through multiple short water distribution pipes. The drainage pipe is connected to the water distribution trough.

9. The biological activated carbon filter tank mounted on an upflow floating ceramsite cage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A water collecting tank is arranged in the water collecting area for the purified water in the water collecting area to overflow into, and the water outlet pipe is connected with the water collecting tank.

10. The biological activated carbon filter tank mounted on an upflow floating ceramsite cage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The floating ceramsite laid in the net box body carries a manganese catalytic membrane, and the floating ceramsite bed carrying the manganese catalytic membrane forms a catalytic oxidation layer.

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